^^J 


O^.  %^>^^.% 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0    !r:i^  IIIM 


I.I 


1.25 


1^  1^ 


^  mil  2.0 


111= 
\A.  11116 


'/ 


m 


/a 


(? 


/ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


;^v 


V 


«^ 


4.^ 


:\ 


% 


\ 


'^ 


rv 


^^^ 


iV 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


□    Coloured  covers/ 
Couvertjre  de  couleur 

□    Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagee 

□    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  pelliculde 

□    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□ 
□ 


□ 


n 


n 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


0    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  nu  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutSes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  et6  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6td  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sent  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 


□    Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 


I      I    Pages  damaged/ 


Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pelliculees 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachet^es  ou  piqu^es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  detach^es 


r~^    Showthrough/ 


Transparence 


□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 

I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 


D 


Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscu'cies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  film6es  d  nouveau  de  faqon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library 
Agriculture  Canada 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
gAnirositd  de: 

Bibliothdque 
Agriculture  Canada 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetd  de  l'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim^e  sent  film6s  en  commengant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  /ilm6s  en  commengant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impresition  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ^>  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  6tre 
filmds  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  §tre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndce'ssaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

wtm 


h 


/  t 
I 


SMITHSONIAN  MISCELLANEOUS  COLLECTIONS. 

254    

,,-    T  TOP/  pY 

S  Y  N  O  P  S  I  ^'^''?Sr "'"" 

■  DEPT.  OF  AGR, 
OTTAWA 

OF 


AMERICAN    WASPS. 


BY 
Dr.  HENRI    DE   SAUSSURE, 

OF  GENEVA,  SMITZERLAND- 


SOLITARY  WASPS.  ^1^4'^'^  COUPfR 

Naturalist «  TExidBtniisi 


WASHINGTON: 
SMITHSONIAN    INSTITUTION. 

DECEMBER,  1875. 

LIBRARY 

E^iTrMOL0C.0AL  BRANCH 


ADVERTISEMENT. 


The  present  publication  is  the  first  part  of  a  Synopsis  of 
American  Ycspidtc  or  Wasps,  prepared  by  Dr.  Henri  Do  Sans- 
sure  of  Geneva,  Switzerland,  one  of  tlie  highest  living  authorities 
on  the  subject. 

This  work  relates  to  the  "  Solitary  Wasps,"  and  has  been  the 
result  of  many  years  of  careful  study  and  patient  investigation. 
Unforeseen  events  have  occurred  to  delay  its  publication,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  loss  of  time  occasioned  by  the  necessity  of  transmit- 
ting the  proofs  and  revises  to  the  author  in  Europe. 

In  the  introduction  will  be  found  suggestions  by  the  distin- 
guished author  as  to  the  philosophy  of  points  of  natural  history, 
well  worthy  the  attention  of  the  general  students  of  this  branch 
of  science,  and  the  whole  worK  will  duubtless  be  considered  a 
valuable  addition  to  the  sources  of  knowledge  on  entomology. 

The  Institution  acknowledges  the  important  aid  rendered  in 
the  translation  of  the  work  into  English,  its  careful  preparation 
for  the  press  and  the  revision  of  the  proof-sheets,  by  Mr.  Edward 
Norton  of  Farmington,  Conn.,  whose  services  have  also  been 
acknowledged  in  the  annexed  dedication  by  the  author. 


JOSEPH  HENRY. 

Secretary  S.  I. 


Smithsonian  iNSTirtrTioN, 

Washington,  December,  1875. 


(H) 


PHILADELPHIA 
00LLI.N8,  PRIKTBR. 


X  S  6 


DEDICATION. 


To  Mr.  Edward  Norton. 
Sir  :— 

I  am  desirous  of  dedicatinj;  to  you  this  first  attempt  to  draw 
up  a  Hymonopterological  Fauna  of  North  America.  The  un- 
flagging interest  you  have  kindly  taken  in  this  work  cmbohlens 
me  to  hope  that  you  will  accept  ray  offering. 

The  readiness  with  which  you  placed  at  my  service  your  col- 
lections, and  the  assistance  of  your  valuable  instructions,  wore 
already  sufficient  claims  to  my  gratitude.  Your  kindness  in 
taking  upon  yourself  the  task  of  translator  makes  me  feel  more 
strongly  the  extent  of  my  obligations  to  you. 

It  is  for  me  a  subject  of  regret  that  my  imperfect  acquaint- 
ance with  the  English  language  has  not  permitted  mo  to  relievo 
you  from  the  trouble  of  this  work.  Had  I  been  capable  of 
composing  this  book  in  the  idiom  in  which  it  is  to  appear 
before  the  public,  the  many  hours  of  enjoyment  I  have  had  in 
writing  it  would  not  be  contrasted  with  the  many  tedious  hours 
it  is  likely  to  occasion  you. 

Beside  the  peculiar  charm  which  the  study  of  nature  ever 
possesses,  the  drawing  up  of  this  monograph  has  wafted  me  in 
thought  to  those  regions  of  the  New  World  which  have,  since  I 
was  a  child,  allured  me  with  an  irresistible  spell.  While  conning 
over  my  insects,  many  a  remembrance  has  loomed  before  my 
mind,  and  transported  me  to  those  thought-inspiring  and  soul- 
stirriog  scenes  of  your  magnificent  country.    As  a  Swiss,  I  felt 

(iii) 


i7 


DEDICATION, 


a  secret  pride  in  reflecting  that  its  institutions  are  analogous 
to  those  of  my  own  dear  country,  iiud  that  tiie  graniicur  of  its 
pliysical  scenery  and  tlie  iutellcctuul  life  whicii  animates  all 
classes  of  its  pople,  have  their  counterpart  in  Helvetia, 

For  me  it  is  a  source  of  satisfaction  to  be  able  to  contril)ute, 
in  my  liumble  splicre,  to  the  extension  of  the  physical  knowledge 
of  that  part  of  the  American  continent,  whose  natural  riches 
wo  arc  daily  more  and  more  able  to  appreciate,  thanks  to  the 
untiring  zeal  of  its  scientific  men. 

I  trust,  sir,  you  will  deign  to  read  these  lines  with  an  indul- 
gence equal  to  the  sincerity  with  whicli  they  are  addressed  to 
you,  and  rhat  you  will  see  in  them  a  pledge  of  my  gratitude  and 
devotedness. 

HENRI  De  SAUSSURE. 

Gbseva.  Switzerland,  1  May,  1SG3. 


m 


■?■: 


'H 


us 
its 
ill 

e, 

L'S 

le 

1- 
:o 
(1 


PREFACE. 


I  PUBLISHED  in  1852  my  Monograjih  on  the  Solitari/  TP'ox/^s;' 
wliicli  forms  the  lirst  voluiuo  of  my  bJtudu-ti  on  tin-  Famibj  of  Ihc 
Veapidue.'^  As  soou  as  that  work  was  priutoil,  I  percoivecl  that 
it  was  very  imperfoct. 

I  was  still  a  more  student  when  I  composed  the  greater  part 
of  this  book  ;  it  boars  too  evident  marks  of  its  premature  pul>li- 
cation.  I  consequently  felt  the  necessity  of  correcting  and  com- 
pleting it  by  means  of  a  Supplement  which  occupies  the  greater 
part  of  the  third  volume  of  the  Studies  ou  the  Family  of  the 
A^espidie.     This,  however,  was  insufFicient. 

To  the  imperfections  in  the  MS.  of  the  work,  attributable  to  my 
inexperience,  were  added  those  of  the  form.  I  had  the  misfortune 
to  fall  into  the  hands  of  a  printer  wlio  not  only  delayed  for  years 
the  publication  of  the  work,  but  who  also  executed  it  in  a  shame- 
ful manner,  neglecting  to  nmke  proof  corrections,  and  printing 
the  notes  in  the  midst  of  the  text. 

Having  lost  all  patience  with  the  delay  and  errors  of  the  work, 
I  turned  my  back  on  the  social  wasps  and  stjarted  for  America, 
leaving  to  the  care  of  my  excellent  and  worthy  friend.  Dr.  Siebel, 
who  had  often  aided  me  with  his  skill  and  advice,  the  task  of 
superintending  the  impression.  Two  years  after,  o.n  my  return 
to  Europe,  I  found  that  only  three  or  four  sheets  had  been  printed, 
and  that  the  third  volume  was  only  on  the  eve  of  being  (inishvd, 
and  it  was  not  until  1857  and  1858  that  the  volume  on  the  social 
wasps  was  completed,  by  the  appearance  of  the  general  part,  in 
which  were  developed  the  facts  concerning  the  nidification  of  these 
insects,  of  which  a  summary  alone  had  appeared  in  1 853  and  1854, 
in  the  explanation  of  the  plates,  and  in  a  special  paper.     But 

'  Mcnofiraphie  d«s  Gutp^s  Solitaires.     Oen6ve,  Paris. 
«  Etudes  sur  la  Famillo  des  Vespidea,  3  vols,  and  atlas. 

(v) 


vi 


I'UEFACE. 


during  the  tlirco  yoars,  while  tlio  luiuiiisfript  had  linfrcred  in  the 
hands  of  Uk;  printer,  tliero  had  apin'ared  a  memoir,  by  Dr.  .Miibius, 
on  Wasps'  Nests,  so  tliat  uiy  vvorli,  at  tlic  time  of  its  publieation, 
was  in  arrear  of  science.' 

To  these  contingen.'ies  I  must  a(Ul  tlio  death  of  the  artist  M, 
Vaillant,^  of  so  interesting  memory,  during  the  pulilication  of  the 
first  volume.  The  succecMling  drauglitsnien,  by  wljom  I  replaced 
Inni,  were  far  from  equalling  him,  and  have  often  produced  infe- 
rior, sometimes  even  i>ad  drawings.'' 

It  will  be  easily  understood  that  all  these  vicissitudes  liavc  noi 
a  little  eontriliuted  to  render  the  work  defective.  From  the  very 
first,  1  have  felt  the  necessity  of  recasting  it.  But  as  I  could  not 
undertake  fresh  journeys  to  visit  the  collections  in  distant 
centres,  Paris,  London,  etc.,  I  have  adopted  another  method, 
which  consists  in  correcting  and  completing  my  studies  on  the 
Family  of  the  Vespida>  by  means  of  successive  memoirs,  result- 
ing from  the  study  of  collections,  which  are  kindly  communi- 
cated to  me.*  All  these  works,  together,  will  perhaps  enable 
uic  one  day  to  rccomposo  a  general  work.     An  excellent  op|)or- 


'  Wlien,  at  leiicth,  th(*  work  was  completed  \>y  the  tardy  appearance 
of  the  geueral  part  of  the  Uil  volume,  Mr.  Qerstacker  spoke  of  this  general 
part  iu  his  annual  report  on  the  progress  of  Kntoniology  (Troschel's 
Archives),  calling  it,  I  know  not  for  what  reason,  the  coniuieucemeiit  of  a 
fourth  volume.  He  reproache<l  it  disparagingly  for  not  noticing  recent 
works.  True  it  is,  he  could  not  guess  that  it  was  an  old  laggard  which 
had  bei'U  some  years  in  press. 

2  Mr.  Vaillant  was  the  artist  attached  to  the  scientific  exploration  of 
Algeria. 

3  The  drawings  of  the  PI.  XVI,  of  Tome  I,  are  in  particular  very  bad. 
*  I  have  thus  composed  the  following  memoirs,  forming,  as  it  were,  a 

siipplenient  to  my  Studies  on  the  Vespiihn: — 

1.  Dpsiription  dp.  queJquea  notivelles  Especia  Je  Vespides  du  MiisSede  Lon- 
dres.     (Revue  de  Zoologie,  VII,  ISf).').) 

2.  NonveauT  Vespides  du  Me.riqiie  et  de  VAm^rique  septentrional e.  (Revue 
de  Zoologie,  IX,  1857.) 

3.  Nide  sur  la  Famille  des  Vespides.     (Ibid.,  X,  1858.) 

4.  Note  sur  les  Poli'ites  Americains.     (Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  de  France,  1857.) 

5.  Description  de  quelqnes  Vespides  nouveaux.    (Ibid.,  1857.) 

6.  Bfmerkungen  ilbcr  die  gattnug  Vespa.  (Entomol.  Zeitung  von  Stettin, 
1857.) 

7.  Sur  divers  Vespides  Asiatiques  et  Ajricains  du  Musie  de  Leijden.  (Ibid., 
18G2.) 


rilEFACE. 


Til 


ttuiity  of  oxteiuling  my  Uiulies  on  tlic  "\Vns|)s  olTeroil  itself  when 
tlio  Siuitlisoiiiiiu  Institution  was  pieust'il  to  connnission  nic  to 
cstaljlish  tlie  I'uunu  of  tlio  Il\  inennptera  of  Nortli  Aiucrira,  I 
was  iilrcady  in  possession  of  numerous  nmieriais  for  tlie  drawiu;? 
upof  sueli  a  worlv.  I  iiud  brouulil  from  tliat  eoulinent  ('onsi(leral)lo 
collections,  the  fruits  of  my  exjiloiutions  in  Wesl  India,  Mexico, 
und  the  United  States.  I  had  likewise  ac(piii"ed  eoUoclions  of 
Ilymcnoptenv  in  my  passage  through  this  lailer  country,  of  Mr. 
Katlivon  (Ijaucaster,  I'a.),  Mr.  Fueh  (Tennessee),  and  others. 
I'rof.  IlaUlemann  kindly  made  nie  a  present  of  the  remnants  of 
his  splendid  collection,  unfortunately  almost  destroyed.  To  these 
niateriahs  whicii  1  had  got  together  as  I  went  along,  there  camo 
to  be  added  later,  the  C(jlle(!tioiis  which  the  Smitlisonian  Institu- 
tion forwarded  me  from  dilferent  regions  of  the  United  States.' 
But  I  owe  a  special  mention  to  my  friend  Mr.  Edw.  Norton,  of 
Farmington,  Ct)nneclicut,  an  excellent  entomologist,  who  afforded 
me  the  most  valuable  assistance  for  the  work  to  whicli  these 
lines  serve  as  ftu  introduction,  and  who  with  extreme  kind- 
ness offered  to  undertake  the  transUition  of  this  volume  himself. 
Fimilly,  I  have,  moreover,  received  some  parcels  of  insects  direct 
from  divers  friends,  especially  from  Tennessee,  from  Engincur  do 
Freudenreich  Falconnet,  Engineer  on  the  Nashville  llailroad, 
and  since  then  Major  in  the  Confederate  Army;  from  California, 
through  Mr.  Berton,  Swiss  trader  at  St.  Francisco,  and  by  Mr. 
Sutter. 

Notwithstanding  all  those  contributions,  the  collections  which 
I  myself  brought  from  America  still  form  the  staple  of  my  mate- 
rials; but  these  sul)se(iucnt  additions  are  very  useful  complements. 
I,  therefore,  avail  myself  of  this  opportunity  to  thank  publicly 


•  Hymenoptera  from  Rock  Island,  Ponth  Illinois,  colleuted  by  Kenniuott. 
"         "         t'roin  Illinois,  colleotefl  by  Walsh. 
"         "         fron»  LakH  Superior,  collwoted  by  L.  Aga.ssiz. 
"         "         from  Williauistowii,  Massachusetts,  collected  by  S.  H. 

ScurMer. 
"         "         of  the   Cape   St.   Lucas,  California,  collected  by  John 

Xantns. 

*'         "         from  Rio  Peros  River,  collected  by  Capt.  Pope,  U.  S.  A., 

and   various   other   Hymenoptera   collected    at    Fort 

Tejon,  California;  Englisli  River,  etc. 

The  first  five  collections  had  been  formed  by  individuals  in  the  interest 

of  science;  the  others  by  explorations  carried  on  by  order  of  government. 


Till 


PllEFACE. 


iili  the  nl)<)V'o-m('iilioii('(l  persons  tor  llio  nssistancr  which  thry 
have  kindly  alVunlcd  mo.  Aniunj.'  liifin  I  ought  to  niimo  osimc- 
ially,  I'rof.  Henry,  as  director  of  tho  Smitlisoiiiaii  Iiislitiiiion,  and 
Prof.  IJaird,  who  liavt^  always  wliowii  \uv.  tlii!  greatest  kinihiess. 

1  onght,  however,  to  inforii  the  reader  that,  notwitlistandiiig  so 
niiicii  lu'lp,  tlio  work  docs  noteonlaiii  all  the  species  of  America. 
I  myself  possess  divers  individuals,  which,  without  otferinj^ 
eliaracleristics  distinct  enough  to  l)o  deseril)ed  from  one  indi- 
vidual, nevertheless  Ix'triiy  the  existence  of  species  yet  unknown. 
Moreover,  the  larger  piirt  of  the  smaller  species  seem  till  now  to 
have  liallled  tho  researches  of  eoliectors.  I  do  not  hcsitiito  to 
affiriii,  that,  had  I  Itccii  ahio  to  collect  uiidisturlicdiy  in  the  United 
States,  I  should  very  likely  have  brought  l)ack  Ironi  that  country 
a  nunil)er  of  sinall  sitecies  as  considerable  as  that  which  I  have 
brought  from  Mexico. 

IJut  it  is  in  tlu!  natural  progress  of  science  to  advance  gradu- 
ally tt)wards  completeness;  and  conscipu'iilly,  it  is  tho  lot  of 
books  (jf  science  to  grow  olil  and  become  obsoli'to ;  iind  thus,  in 
their  turn,  to  give  way  to  more  complete  works.  I  do  not,  there- 
fore, consider  this  monograph,  incomplete  as  it  may  be,  without 
its  use.  I  am  not  one  of  those  who  suppose  it  possible  to 
exhaust  a  subject  of  investigation.  On  the  contrary,  I  am  of 
opinion  that  in  entomology,  as  well  as  in  the  other  branches  of 
science,  nothing  perfect,  nothing  absolutely  complete,  can  bo 
accomplished,  seeing  that  everything  in  nature  is  undefined.  The 
naturalists  who  think  the  contrary,  and  who  are  induced  constantly 
to  put  off  the  pul)lication  of  their  labors  from  believing  they 
shall  wholly  complete  them,  succeed  but  too  often  in  losing  the 
fruits  of  their  studies;  either  because  their  writings  grow  old 
while  lying  I)y,  or  because  the  authors  are  overtaken  by  death. 
The  {proper  method  in  tho  study  of  nature  is  not  that  of  per- 
fection, but,  on  tho  contrary,  that  of  approximation.  IJecauso 
from  approximation  to  ipproximation,  wo  are  always  getting 
nearer  exactness  and  completeness,  without  ever  attaining  extreme 
perfection.  In  that  precisely  consists  the  progress  of  science,  and 
that  also  it  is  which  gives  to  its  horizon  the  depth  of  infinitude. 


IMlKtAfE. 


ix 


Tlio  forctroiiiff  wns  writti'ii  smihc  yonrs  npn.  In  isr.f)  iho 
nuiiiiiscript  uf  lliu  iiKMiioir  was  smt  to  tlic  Smitlisoiiiiiii  litstitu- 
tioii. 

Its  publinUion  wixs  nt  first  dcliiyi'd  l»y  tln'  itrcssurc  (tf  utlicr 
iimttor,  tlicii  l»y  uii  uiirin'tuniito  lire  wliicli  i'iiil)iiri'iiss('(l  the  liiniiiccs 
of  llic  Iiistilutiidi,  1111(1  lastly  [\w  slow  ilt'lays  l»rlow  iiK'iitioncd. 

Tlio  l)ook  has  lieeii  iii  tho  press  syveral  years,  in  eoiisecineneo 
of  the  }^reat  loss  of  time  caused  l)y  tho  traiisiiiissioii  of  the  proofs 
from  Ktirope  to  America,  and  rii-r  virsn. 

Ill  eoiisetnieMco  of  this  lonj.'  period  of  waitiiif^,  1  have  lieeti 
obliired  to  make  a  feview  of  the  manuscript  in  refereiic«'  to  tho 
writin<rs  of  various  eiitoimdojjists,  especially  those  of  Mr.  Cnssoii, 
which  have  heen  pul)lishe(l  from  year  to  year,  and  have  elMi!iy;ed 
the  names  of  tho  species  which  I  had  descrilied  and  have  adopted 
the  names  jriveii  iiy  this  author.  I  have  not  been  aide,  however, 
to  tak((  account  ol'  the  more  recent  writings  of  Mr.  Cresson,  on 
tho  nymonoptera  of  Texas,  which  only  came  to  my  knowledge 
when  tho  jjriiiting  of  this  book  w^s  almost  linished. 

The  reader  will  excuse  certain  irregularities,  consequent  upon 
the  dilliciilty  of  putting  a  work  into  perfect  symmetry  which  was 
to  be  printed  on  the  other  siih^  of  the  Atlantic.  Hence  the  author 
has  never  had  but  a  part  of  his  work  belbro  his  eyes  at  a  time, 
during  tho  long  course  of  this  publication.  Fi»r  e.viimplc,  it  will 
be  noticed  in  the  Hynonymy  that  my  work,  "Etudes  Bur  la  Famille 
des  Ycspidcs"  is  sometimes  cited  "  Kt.  Yesp.,"  sometime;;  only 
"Vespides."  So  with  the  "Hevuc  et  Magazine  do  Zoologie,"  it 
is  sometimes  cited  "  Rev.  et  Mag,  de  Zoo'og.,"  and  sometimes 
simply  "  Rev.  de  Zool." 

The  larger  part  of  tho  book  was  written  in  French,  and  has 
been  translated  and  corrected  by  Mr.  Fdward  Norton.  I  owe 
to  this  naturalist  also  various  communications  and  frequent  send- 
iugs  of  iusocts,  which  have  been  of  great  use  to  me. 

H.  De  SAUSSURE. 


1 


INTRODUCTION. 


I  PROPOSE  in  this  volume,  not  to  give  a  general  history  of  the 
Wasps  of  America,  but  only  to  lay  the  fuundaliouti  of  the  fauna 
of  the  Vespiclae  of  that  continent,  principally  of  North  America. 
I  leave  aside  whatever  concerns  the  habits  of  these  insects,  on 
which  we  have  but  insufficient  information,  and  I  shall  confine 
myself  to  speaking  of  them  with  resjjoct  to  the  genera  or  species 
which  offer  salient  peculiarities. 

This  work  is  not  to  be  taken  for  a  mere  catalogue  of  species, 
of  no  further  use  than  to  satisfy  curiosity.  I  think  that  modern 
zoology  ought  to  tend  towards  another  aim.  The  existence  of 
species,  the  composition  of  fauna,  their  relations  with  the  parts 
of  the  globe  which  they  populate,  are  not  merely  accidental  facts. 
In  my  opinion,  we  must  therein  detect  the  last  material  and  tan- 
gible manifestation  of  physiological  forces,  elucidating  the  study 
of  which  belongs  to  the  domain  of  the  highest  natural  philosophy. 
By  him  who  adopts  this  view  of  the  sulyect,  a  far-searching  study 
of  species  ought  to  be  considered  as  one  of  the  bases  from  which 
the  search  after  the  origin  of  species  mnv  Ptart. 

It  would  seem  that  in  zoology  we  should  take  for  a  starting, 
point  the  actually  existing  forms  in  which  life  manifests  itself  ami 
to  ascend  from  them  up  to  the  primitive  stock;  just  as  in  geology 
we  start  from  the  actual  existing  structure  of  rocks  and  from  tl.e 
external  configuration  of  the  soil,  to  f,.llow  up  the  concatenation 
of  the  ancient  events  which  have  brought  about  as  a  last  result 
the  present  state  of  the  earth's  crust. 

The  study  of  species  ought  especially  to  serve  as  a  means  of 
revealing  to  us  their  variations  and  the  affinities  between  them. 
These  affinities  point  to  a  common  relationship,  which  is  to  be 
explained  only  by  a  direct  affiliation  of  the  types.    The  study  of 

(  -^i  ) 


'  r»W 


XII 


INTRODUCTION. 


forms  eoinbinuil  with  that  of  tlioir  googruphical  distribution,  eonies 
aftervvartls  to  throw  light  on  the  cause  of  the  filiation  which  the 
gniduatctl  resemblances  of  the  species  servo  to  reveal  to  us.  It 
shows  that  this  liliation  obeys  laws  which  have  also  their  regu- 
larity, in  so  far  as  they  are  intimately  connected  with  the  physical 
laws  which  hold  sway  in  every  region  of  our  gl(;be. 

Toward  these  grand  philosophical  queries,  zoology  ought 
in  our  time  to  tend,  and  species  should  be  studied  with  a  view 
to  the  solution  of  uch  questions.  As  in  geology,  the  study  of 
the  actual  existing  state  of  the  earth's  crust,  and  the  appreciation 
of  the  phenomena  that  there  take  place,  of  tuo  intimate  trans- 
formation of  rocks,  of  the  mechanical  disturbance  of  the  layers, 
of  their  reconstruction  under  new  forms,  allows  us  to  draw  an 
inference  by  analogy  as  to  the  more  ancient  transformations,  and 
the  agents  which  have  produced  them;  so  the  study  of  species, 
and  of  their  actual  existing  tnuisfornuxtions  seems  likely  to  enable 
us  to  follow  up  the  chain  of  these  transfuiiuations  to  a  point  more 
or  less  close  to  their  origin. 

The  definition  of  the  fust  divergences  observable  iu  the  perma- 
nent varieties  which  may  be  considered  as  naxcent  species,  in 
order  to  ascend  afterwards  to  the  relationship  of  species  separated 
by  divergences  more  and  more  profound,  such  is,  we  deem,  the 
point  of  view  under  which  we  should  never  neglect  to  study 
species. 

Zoology,  only  when  considered  from  this  point  of  view  is 
philosophical.  It  has  not  its  aim  in  itself;  it  serves  only  as  a 
means  to  sift  questions  of  a  higher  order.  Xow  entomology  is 
precisely  the  one  of  the  branches  of  zoology,  in  which  the  .study 
of  the  filiation  of  species  may  become  the  most  fruitful  in  results, 
either  on  account  of  the  multitude  of  ramifications  of  general 
types  and  of  the  multiplicity  of  forms  under  which  each  type 
appears,  or  on  account  of  the  smallness  of  the  breaks  which  sepa- 
rate genera  and  species,  or  also  on  account  of  the  immense  variety 
of  forms  and  of  the  facility  with  which  species  seem  to  become 
modified  in  proportion  as  they  spread  over  the  surface  of  the 
globe  in  diverging  ways.  Thanks  to  all  these  causes,  it  is  not 
difTicnlt  to  find  examples  of  every  kind  of  filiation,  not  difficult 
either  to  follow  over  latitudes  certain  still  recent  modifications 
which  allow  us   to  draw  an  inference  by  analogy  as  to  other 


INTRODUCTION. 


-Mil 


modifications  more  profound  because  tliey  are  more  ancient,  than 
as  to  others  of  a  de}i;ri!e  still  more  advanced.' 

As  may  be  anticipated  from  what  precedes,  my  principal  pur- 
pose in  producing  this  work  is  to  study  the  American  fauna  with 
a  view  to  its  origin.  IJut  this  is  a  work  of  time  which  can- 
not be  completed  utf-hand.  The  first  thing  to  be  done  is  to 
study  the  species  carefully,  to  arrange  them  according  to  a  good 
classification,  and  to  describe  their  affinities.  That  is  the  funda- 
mental preparatory  labor.  I  do  not  pretend  to  overstep  those 
limits  in  this  monograph.  The  knowledge  of  the  American 
fauna  is  not  yet  enough  advanced  to  allow  us  to  draw  an  infer- 
ence with  certainty  as  to  the  affinities  of  the  species  among 
themselves  so  as  to  prejudge  their  filiation.  However,  I  have 
made  more  than  one  remark  on  this  toi>ic,  and  I  will  hazard  a  few 
words  on  the  matter  when  speaking  of  genera  and  species.  ]Jut 
1  reserve  for  another  work  the  statement  of  comparisons  which 
seem  to  me  to  cast  some  light  on  the  dispersion  of  the  Vespidte 
on  the  surface  of  the  globe  and  on  the  modifications  which  have 
been  worked  off  under  diverse  latitudes;  in  other  terms,  ou  the 
origin  of  actual  existing  fauna. 

The  complex  affinities  of  species,  and  still  more  the  filiations 
which  arise  from  these  affinities,  become  obvious  to  the  eye  only 
when  one  has  ucquired  a  perfect  knowledge  of  the  sj)ecies  and 
genera  of  a  fauna.  To  seize  them  in  all  their  extent,  it  is  neces- 
sary to  know,  as  it  were,  all  the  species  of  the  group  by  heart 
in  order  to  be  able  to  take  it  in  at  a  glance,  or  to  examine  at 
pleasure  each  part  in  the  picture  that  one  has  formed  in  one's 
memory.  Only  when  one  has  attained  this  point  in  the  study  of 
a  group,  is  it  possible,  from  the  inspection  of  a  species,  to  feel 
its  affinities ;  for  they  do  not  always  appear  in  the  more  easily 


'  Unfortnnatply,  in  our  times  tht^  e;r<>at-r  number  of  entomologists  liavp 
deviated  too  far  from  this  philosopliioal  path.  They  have  turned  ento- 
molojry  into  a  sort  of  amusement  wliich  has  for  ol)ject  tlie  discovery  of 
new  species;  which  loses  itself  in  minuti»,  and  at  the  bottom  of  which 
there  exists  no  thought.  Thanks  to  this  tendency,  collecting  has  ceased 
to  be  the  means,  and  has  become  the  otiject.  In  becoming  an  amusement 
entomology  has  gradually  lost  caste ;  it  has  fallen  into  the  hands  of  daw- 
dlers, and  thus  lost  a  part  of  its  scientific  character.  This  transformation 
has  led  men,  who  aim  at  reaching  an  elevated  rank  in  science,  to  be  too 
much  inclined  to  withdraw  from  the  fi'ld  of  entomology. 


XIV 


INTRODUCTION. 


appreciable  characteristics.  Tiiey  often  discover  themselves  in 
certain  characteristics  of  appearance,  which  are  at  times  of  great 
importance,  but  which  are  not  seized  at  a  glance,  or  in  certain 
relationships  of  form,  which  a  long  pract'ce  teachea  one  to  dis- 
tinguish easily,  though  they  can  scarcely  be  defined. 

The  first  basis  of  philosophical  zoology  is  the  profound  knowl- 
edge of  the  detail  of  fauna.  To  give  as  complete  an  idea  as 
possible  of  the  fauna  of  the  Vespid^e  of  America  is  the  purpose 
of  this  volume. 


FLAN  OF  THE  WORK. 

The  plan  which  I  have  decided  on,  in  drawing  up  this  work,  is 
the  following: — 

I  give,  as  much  as  possible,  a  complete  description  of  the 
species  which  belong  to  the  fauna  of  North  America,  considering 
as  such  all  those  which  people  the  new  continent  to  the  north 
of  the  isthmus  of  Fanama,  including  likewise  tiie  Antilles.  This 
work  is,  therefore,  more  especially  a  monograph  of  the  Yespida) 
of  the  United  States,  of  Mexico,  and  of  the  Antilles.  Besides,  I 
have  added,  as  a  complement,  a  catalogue  of  all  the  species 
known  till  now  in  the  rest  of  America,  and  have  found  it  a  great 
advantage  in  the  classification,  the  method  thus  becoming  more 
complete.  Moreover,  this  plan  allows  me  to  enunciate  views  on 
the  geography  of  insects,  on  the  dispersion  of  the  species,  and  on 
the  modifications  which  take  rise  under  the  influence  of  diverse 
latitudes. 

I  have  confined  myself,  among  the  species  of  South  America, 
to  cataloguing  them,  not  having  sufficient  materials  to  make  a 
monograph.  However,  for  those  of  which  I  had  the  types 
beneath  my  eyes  I  have  given  Latin  diagnoses,  in  order  to 
describe  them  in  a  comparative  manner  with  respect  to  the 
surrounding  species,  and,  also,  in  order  to  complete  my  anterior 
studies  on  these  insects,  to  review  them  and  render  the  use  more 
easy. 

I  think  myself  bound  to  add  here,  that,  as  to  my  method  of 
description,  I  describe  the  species  as  far  as  possible  in  a  relative 
manner.  Descriptions  made  in  an  absolute  sense  have  always 
appeared  to  me  less  useful,  because  they  insist  on  many  useless 
characteristics  and  often  omit  the  most  important.     The  reader 


INTRODUCTION. 


XV 


will  not  be  surprised,  therefore,  at  my  not  repeating:,  with  respect 
to  genera,  the  characteristics  peculiar  to  every  si)ccies  or  to  the 
greatest  number  of  them.  In  short,  there  are  still  other  charac- 
teristics which  I  pass  over,  considering  them  rather  useless  either 
on  account  of  their  constancy  (such  as  the  presence  of  silky  hairs 
on  the  tibia))  or  on  account  of  their  variableness,  such  as  the  color 
of  the  lower  surface  of  the  al)domen. 

Descriptions  are  often  made  prolix  by  means  of  these  super- 
fluous indications,  and  thus  the  essential  characteristics  are 
drowned  in  useless  developments.  In  this  way,  precision  is 
diminished  instead  of  being  increased.  Doubtless,  hero  again 
nothing  is  absolute.  Certain  isolated  species  may  be  suflicienily 
characterized  by  some  salient  traits,  while  others  surrounded  by 
very  closely  connected  species,  require  minute  descriptions.^  The 
first  condition  of  good  comparative  diagnoses  resides  in  a  wise  co- 
ordination of  the  species  which  by  way  of  exclusion  may  lead  to 
choosing  only  between  a  small  number  of  species.  Though  I  do 
not  like  to  find  fault,  I  cannot,  however,  on  this  score,  help  com- 
plaining of  the  works  in  which  the  species,  though  described  in 
an  absolute  manner  (that  is,  by  themselves  and  not  comparatively 
with  others)  are  jumbled  up  together  without  order,  without 
division  of  genera,  often  in  defiance  of  the  most  salient  character- 
istics. 

Such  works,  got  up  in  a  hurry,  the  plans  of  which  arc  laid 
down  with  a  view  to  the  convenience  of  the  authors  and  not  for 
that  of  the  readers,  cause  the  latter  to  lose  much  valuable  time 
with  no  great  result.  They  do  not  come  up  to  the  precision  now 
required  by  the  progress  of  science,  and  they  are  therefore  behind 
their  time.  The  reader  cannot  occupy  his  mind  with  incomplete 
works,  nor  can  he  waste  his  time  in  striving  to  find  out  species 
which  are  not  to  be  found  out ;  for  there  is  no  doing  impossibilities. 

In  most  of  my  descriptions,  I  have  been  especially  attentive  to 
the  forms  and  characteristics  of  the  forms  and  carving,  attributing 


'  Absolute  an<i  vfvy  detailed  descriptions  ous^lit,  in  my  opinion,  to  be 
employed,  when  one  describes  species  isolatedly,  without  knowii.g  the 
most  closely  connected  types  (for  instance,  in  the  publication  of  geot^ra- 
phical  expeditions).  It  is  the  monographer's  duty  to  eliminate,  from  these 
descriptions,  both  the  commonplace  and  the  useless.  But  in  a  mono- 
graph, the  species  are  to  be  examined  iu  a  comparative  manner,  and  rela- 
tively to  the  adjacent  types. 


XVI 


INTRODUCTION. 


to  the  color  only  a  secondiuy  importance,  on  account  of  lis  fre- 
quent variableness.  However,  there  is  nothing  absolutely  fixed 
in  nature;  the  forms  and  the  sculpture  likewise  vary  within 
certain  limits.  Therefore  the  descriptions  can  be  only  averages 
deduced  from  a  certain  number  of  individuals.  The  description 
should  represent,  as  it  were,  the  algebraical  formula  of  the 
species,  or  its  ideal  type.  It  is  not  required  that  this  should  tally 
with  the  individual,  but,  on  the  contrary,  that  it  should  represent 
the  average  of  the  characteristics  of  the  ensemble  of  individuals. 
15ut  in  practice,  the  description  can  never  be  so  perfect,  since  it 
is  drawn  from  a  certain  number  of  individuals  and  not  from  the 
ensemble  of  the  individuals  that  represent  the  si)ecies.  It  is  for 
the  reader  to  know  how  to  seize  the  connection  that  exists  between 
the  description  and  the  heterogeneous  individuals  which  he 
may  have  beneath  his  eyes.  In  a  word,  my  method  of  description 
aims  above  all  at  generalizing,  and  requires  that  the  reader  slutuld 
generalize  likewise.  It  can  hardly  suit  the  amateur  inclined  to 
lose  himself  in  a  multiplicity  of  details,  for  whom  the  collection 
takes  the  place  of  nature,  and  for  whom  the  determination  of  an 
individual  is  the  final  purpose  of  the  study  of  a  species. 

From  the  principles  just  laid  down,  it  follows  that  in  the  extreme 
subdivisions  of  genera,  I  have  usually  preferred  the  characteristics 
taken  from  the  form  to  those  taken  from  the  color.  Undoubtedly 
it  is  less  convenient  for  the  reader,  for  the  natural  method  is 
always  less  easy  to  follow  than  the  empirical  systems;  never- 
theless, I  think  that  it  is  preferable  to  proceed  in  that  wise,  for 
whatever  may  be  done  to  seek  the  natural  method,  a  large  portion 
of  empiricism  is  sure  to  remain,  as  I  shall  endeavor  to  show  in 
the  study  concerning  the  filiation  of  the  species.  We  cannot, 
therefore,  abstain  too  carefully  from  classification  of  empirical 
elements.^ 


'  It  is  uecessary  t')  obsorve  on  this  liead  that  no  absolute  rule  can  be 
laid  down  as  to  tli«  subordination  of  characteristics.  To  be  sure,  forma 
varying  less  than  colors,  they  offer,  in  general,  cliaracteristics  more  im- 
portant than  the  latter;  but  tliere  is,  liowever,  now  and  then  a  case  in 
which  the  colors  are  more  fixed  than  certain  forms,  and  assume  a  real 
importance — for  instance,  as  being  the  stamp  peculiar  to  a  certain  geo- 
graphical zone.  Tiius,  the  division  Hi/pnciijnerits  (genus  Odynerus),  which 
depends  greatly  on  the  colors  and  facies,  and  which  comprises  the  most 
divergent  forms.     In  this  case,  the  livery  becomes  the  stamp  of  a  fauna, 


INTHODUCTION. 


XVU 


DIVERSE  Or.8EllV.\TIOXS 

COSCEUNIKO  THE 

STUDY  OF  IIYMENOPTERA  IN  GENKRAL  AND  THAT  OP  THE 
VESPIDiE  IN  PARTICULAU. 

Obser'vations  relative  to  the  Synonymij. 

1st.  I  make  it  a  rule  always  to  respect  tlie  most  ancient  name ; 
however,  if  it  is  wroncclv  constructed  and  if  it  can  bo  rectifietl 
without  inconvenience,  I  do  not  scruple  to  correct  it.  Thus  I 
spell  lilnjnchium  instead  of  Ithygchium  Latr. — Odynerus  Bus- 
telloai  instead  of  0.  liuddlos  Sauss.,  etc. 

2d.  When  two  different  names  have  been  affixed  at  the  same 
date  to  the  same  species,  I  prefer  that  of  the  two  which  has  been 
employed  by  the  next  subsequent  author. 

3d.  I  add  the  name  of  the  author  of  a  species  only  to  it.-^  spccijin 
name.  Consequently  when  the  genus  ehang-cs,  I  nevertheless 
maintain  for  the  species  the  name  of  the  author  Mho  first  named 
it.  Thus,  I  write:  Odyneriis  i-dens  Liu.,  although  Linmeus  has 
described  this  species  under  tho  name  Vcsjm  4:-dens. 

3Iontezumia  Leprieurii  Spin.,  although  Si)inola  has  described 
the  species  under  tho  name  of  Odyncrus  Leprieurii. 

Otherwise  no  author's  name  would  long  keep  its  ground; 
besides  those  who  act  differently  do  so  in  order  to  substitute 
their  own  names  for  that  of  the  primitive  describer.  Such  a 
proceeding  cannot  be  too  strongly  censured. 

Let  it  not  be  said  that  there  are  drawbacks  to  the  advantages 
of  that  nomenclature,  for  if  it  be  desirable  to  know  the  complete 
name  as  given  by  the  first  author,  it  will  be  found,  such  as  it  is, 
in  the  synonymy. 

4th.  I  admit  neither  collection  names,  nor  manuscript  names, 
nor  in  letleri.H  names.  I  admit  for  author's  name  only  the  name 
of  hira  who  has  first  described  the  species  or  genus. 

Any  other  manner  of  acting  becomes  the  source  of  profitless 
research  and  of  waste  of  time.     Whoever  is  anxious  to  affix  his 


and  is  very  important.    In  the  succession  of  species  it  is  generally  observed 
that  the  colors  vary  much,  even  when  the  forms?  remain  fixed  (or  vary 
less);  but  there  are  other  cases  in  which  it  is  color  that  remains  stationary 
whilst  the  forms  vary. 
B 


XVlll 


INTRODUCTION. 


name  to  a  species  that  another  has  the  task  of  describing,  may 
for  tliis  purpose  publish  previously  a  short  diagnosis  under  his 
name  in  any  Journal. 


Observation  relative  to  the  Tyj^es  in  Description. 

In  insects  in  general,  the  female  represents  the  type  of  the 
species.  Though,  in  exceptional  cases,  the  male  may  be  the 
larger,  the  more  beautiful,  and  at  times  with  unusual  appendages, 
he  remains  always  more  variable  than  the  female.  Among  the 
IIymenoi)tera,  the  males  have  hardly  any  other  part  to  play  than 
a  ])assive  one;  the  other  sex  it  is,  which  alone  develops  that 
reniarkal)lc  activity  which  manifests  itself  in  the  interesting 
habits  of  those  insects.  The  females  are  larger  and  more 
stable  in  their  forms  and  colors.  The  slightest  examination 
renders  it  apparent  that  it  is  among  the  females  the  type  of  the 
species  is  to  bo  sought  for,  and  Ijy  no  means  among  the  males. 
In  the  A'"cspidre,  especially  among  the  Solitary  Wasps,  the  males 
are  small  and  varialile ;  at  times,  one  would  be  inclined  to  con- 
sider them  as  abortions ;  they  do  not  offer  as  good  differential 
characteristics  as  the  females,  and  they  are  to  be  determined 
only  ))y  the  tentative  method  in  referring  them  "do  visu"  to  their 
respective  females. 

There  exists  a  number  of  species  of  which  the  males  resemble 
each  other  so  far  as  not  to  be  distinguishable.  This  may  be  seen, 
for  instance,  among  certain  Odynerus,  but  it  is  especially  among 
the  ScoLiA  that  this  phenomenon  appears  in  all  its  intensity. 
There  is  a  whole  category  of  species  in  the  genus  Elis  of  which 
the  females  offer  differences  the  most  extreme,  but  of  which  the 
males  are  so  confounded  that  they  cannot  be  distinguished  from 
each  other.  What  is  most  remarkable  on  this  score  is,  that  these 
species  are  to  be  found  spread  over  every  continent,  and  that 
each  continent  numbers  several  of  them.     Thus: — 

America  :    Elis  plumipes,  limosa,  trifaaciata,  dorsata,  etc. 
Africa :        Elis   collaris,  caj^ensis,  elcgans,  africana,  fascia- 

tella,  etc. 
Asia:  Elis  ihoracica,  annulata,  rnarginella,  limhata. 

Australia:  Elis  radula,  Z-cincta,  etc. 
Europe :      Elis  villosa. 


INTRODUCTION. 


xlx 


Somo  of  these  ppcclos  may  doubtless  be  distinj^iiislied  by  tlioir 
sixo  {E.  vilhisa),  or  l)y  the  exajnination  of  tlieir  wiii<;s  (/v\  Z- 
cincla)  \  but  iu  most  cases,  if  it  is  not  known  whore  they  come  from, 
there  is  no  possibility  of  determining  tliem,  not  even  of  referring 
by  sight  to  their  females. 

The  same  fact  may  be  notictd  in  n  very  developed  state  among 
other  species  of  Elis  whicii  prt  sent  another  system  of  coloring, 
and  which  forms  a  j)art  of  the  subgenus  Thiems.     Thus  tho 

Elis  interrupta  (Europe) — texensis  (Texas) — Xnntiana  (Cali- 
fornia), 

though  ofl.ing  females  very  different  from  each  other,  coincide 
in  the  males. 

I  do  not  pretend  to  affirm,  however,  that  all  these  males  are 
perfectly  identical.  I  only  mean  that  they  are  so  close  neighbors 
that  I  have  not  succeeded  in  finding  between  them  diHerential 
characteristics  which  appear  to  distinguish  them. 

The  preceding  will  suffice  to  show  that  the  femaie  ought,  at 
all  events,  to  bo  taken  as  type  of  the  species. 


,  Preparation. 

In  a  great  many  collections,  it  is  usual  to  spread  the  wings 
and  legs  of  the  hymenoptera.  This  is  mere  amateur's  work,  of 
no  utility  for  study,  sometimes  even  quite  opposed  to  the  purpose 
in  view,  by  dissimulating  the  character  of  the  insects  instead  of 
exposing  it  to  view.  This  practice  is  to  bo  regretted,  moreover, 
by  its  increasing  the  value  of  the  insects,  on  account  of  tho  time 
and  expense  wasted  thereby,  so  that  one  is  loath  afterwards  to 
place  them  in  the  softener  when  it  becomes  necessary  to  dissect 
the  mouth. 

It  is  usual  with  me  to  prepare  each  of  my  insects  only  when 
about  to  study  them,  because  by  so  doing  I  can,  after  having 
softened  them,  give  them  whatever  arrangement  may  be  best  cal- 
culated for  bringing  info  relief  such  special  characteristics  as  are 
particularly  useful  in  the  group  to  which  it  belongs.  As  the  use- 
ful characteristics  are  not  the  same  in  each  group,  the  preparation 
ought  to  vary  according  to  the  species.  Of  the  Epipona  %  the 
mandibles  are  to  be  opened,  the  legs  to  be  stretched  downwards, 
so  that  it  may  be  possible  to  examine  distinctly  the  haunches  and 
thighs;   of  the  Odynerus  %,  approximate  to  the  group  of  0. 


XX 


INTUODUOTION. 


nasidnis,  the  niitonnas  iiro  to  be  leugtLt'iied  out,  in  order  to  judge 
of  their  toniiimiliuiis,  etc. 

For  uhnost  nil  the  Solitary  AVasps,  but  particularly  for  the 
()(Il/))('ri(s,  it  in  essciiliiilly  necessary  to  bo  able  to  ili.suiij^uish 
dearly  the  eharacteristics  of  the  nietalhorax.  Now  this  eauuot 
bo  cfTectcd  otherwise  than  by  separating  the  wings  in  a  trans- 
verse direction  or  ratlier  downward,  and  by  bending  the  abdomen 
downward  a>i  far  as  possible,  the  basis  of  which  will,  by  this 
means,  become  at  IIk;  same  time  easy  to  study.  This  posture  '"s, 
evidently,  very  dillVn^nt  from  that  given  to  the  insects  l)y  spread- 
ing them  out.  1  can  allirni,  that,  whenever  one  has  negh;cled  to 
give  the  insect  this  posture,  the  nietathora.x  and  the  abdomen 
present  themselves  under  tlu;  most  delusive  aspect,  and  may  give 
rise  to  the  most  serious  nnsconecptions.  As  to  describing  an 
Odynerus  i>roperly  without  having  taUcn  this  precaution,  it  is  an 
impossibility.  One  may,  if  need  l)e,  lieiid  downwards  the  abdo- 
men without  softening  the  insect;  but  then,  if  tho  wings  are 
directed  backwards,  even  obli(piely,  they  are  enough  in  tho  way 
to  produce  dehusive  appearances  when  the  unignifying  glass  is 
used. 

These  ol)servatioiis,  Inie  espi-cially  for  the  Odyiicrns,  ajtply 
likewise  to  all  the  sessile  venlrated  or  semi-pedieellaled  Vcspiihe. 


On  the  Dctcrminalion  of  viticrls. 

There  arc  two  manm-rs  of  proceeding,  for  the  determination  of 
insects.  One  is  analytical,  the  other  synthetical,  tho  former 
employed  by  amateurs,  the  latter  by  naturalists.  The  first  method 
consists,  when  having  taken  an  individual  insect,  in  turning  over 
the  leaves  of  a  book  in  search  of  the  name  of  the  species  till  one 
supposes  to  have  hit  on  the  description.  This  method  seldom 
leads  to  certainty,  often  to  error. 

The  second  method  requires  a  collection  as  numerous  as  possi- 
ble i'l  individuals.  To  jjroem'e  it,  the  entomologist  ought  before 
all  things  to  devote  his  ellbrta  to  a  persevering  and  active  chase 
after  specimens.  Tho  greater  the  numl)er  of  the  representatives 
of  each  species,  the  more  certain  the  determination  will  beconi.. 
In  difficult  performances,  we  must  always  begin  with  tho  more  easy 
and  proceed  from  the  simple  to  the  complex.  We  must,  there- 
fore, start  by  separating  the  most  salient  and  most  ea.sy  genera  to 


^ 


INTKUDLCTION. 


xxi 


study  them  first.  Aftorwards  wo  must  continue  by  wny  of  elinii- 
iiatiun.  As  it  is  fur  tin;  tiilliouit  goiicra,  thai  it  is  cspt'iMaliy 
iinportuut  to  adopt  u  good  niotliud,  lot  us  cliuoso,  for  instance;,  tho 
gonus  Odtjnct'ua  and  its  ajiproxiniatcs;  it  surcdy  will  answer  our 
purpose  thoroughly.  Let  us  suppose  that  the  petluncnliventruted 
genera  Lave  already  been  separated  and  that  we  have  renmining 
(inly  the  sessiliventrated,  say  the  genera  Alador,  Monobia,  Flcru- 
clil/liiff,  Odynrruii. 

First  we  will  exclude  tho  Alcn^lor,  by  tli(>  process  of  viewing 
of  tho  wings.  Scarcely  any  other  will  remain  than  t!"e  Odi/ncruti 
and  the  Monohin;  their  species  will  at  first  appearance  strike 
one  as  an  inextricable  jnnil)le. 

For  tho  moment,  we  will  not  trouble  ourselves  about  tho 
M(m(>})ia,  which  are  rare  and  southerly  sj)ecies.  We  will,  there- 
fore, begin  I)y  confining  ourselves  to  setting  aside  tho  Ancixlro' 
co'UH  and  tho  Sif))inwi']>hus,  characterized  by  the  suture  of  tho 
first  abdominal  segment,  and  w<;  can  then  enter  directly  on  tho 
study  of  tho  species.  lUit  even  here  wo  will  .idvauco  us  far  as 
possililc  without  the  assistance  of  books. 

The  next  oi)oration  consists  in  sorting  out  the  males  and  females 
in  order  to  occupy  ourselves  exclusively  with  the  latter.  With 
a  little  practice  this  sejiaration  proceeds  rapidly,  since  tho  males 
of  the  northern  regions  are  distinguishable  mostly  l)y  their 
entirely  yellow  clypeus.  For  whatever  may  concern  tho  excep- 
tions (either  frcjin  the  females  olfering  tho  same  character,  or  from 
tho  males  not  offering  it)  one  lias  still  as  object  of  consultation, 
the  form  of  the  antcnnio,  organs  whicli  in  most  males  are  more 
generally  terminated  by  a  liook  or  a  sjiiral.  At  last,  as  a  final 
resource,  and  as  an  infallible  means,  we  remove  all  doubts  l)y 
counting  the  number  of  abdominal  segments.  The  %  have  only 
1,  the  ?  only  fl. 

Wo  will  first  occupy  ourselves  only  with  the  9  and  will  group 
the  individuals  by  species  on  small  boards.  This  is  u  work  of 
time  and  patience.  To  succeed,  we  will  nndce  use  of  every 
appreciable  characteristic,  even  of  the  most  empirical  ones.  In 
sorting  out  in  this  manner,  the  colors  are  always  of  tiie  greatest 
assistance  liecausc  they  are  obvious  to  the  eye.  One  must,  as 
much  as  possible,  subordinate  the  importance  of  the  spots  to  a 
graduated  order,  in  beginning  with  the  most  fixed  and  character- 


XXl\ 


INTllODUCTION. 


istic,  US  for  Instance  the  spots  ou  tbo  Hcutcllunj  and  of  tho  post- 
scutt'lluiu.     Til  us: — 

Kango  togelher  all  the  species  with  post-sciitoliiun  alone  yellow. 
"  "  *'     Bculellum  ulono  spotted  yol- 

l(JW. 

"  "  "         "    scutelluniftiidpost-scutolluni 

both  spotted,  etc. 

Then  conic  the  anterior  and  posterior  borders  of  the  prothora.v; 
then  Ihe  stripes  of  the  abdomen,  tho  spots  of  the  nietathoru.v, etc. 

Thus  you  come  to  form  more  species  than  are  really  existing, 
every  variety  becoming  a  species  ;  but,  no  matter,  the  work  of 
reducing  will  at  last  arrive  and  will  be  easily  carried  through 
when  species  shall  liuvc  been  studied  and  known,  as  it  were,  by 
heart. 

Then  we  may  hjok  into  books  and  try  to  determine  each  species 
while  having,  beneath  one's  eyes,  the  ensemble  of  individuals. 

Jlero  wo  can  get  on  only  by  groping  aljout  a  long  time  in 
uncertainty.  Often  after  comparing  these  similar  individuals  we 
shall  detect  two  species  which  at  iirst  had  been  confounded. 

The  determination  can  be  carried  on  by  two  inverse  proceed- 
ings. After  having  sorted  out  apart  by  one's  own  observations 
tho  greater  immljer  of  species,  tho  entomologist  often  knows  them 
already  sufficiently  to  guess  to  what  s))ecies  such  and  such  a 
description  belongs.  lie  can,  therefore,  cither  start  from  a  species 
and  seek  the  description  which  suits  it,  or  start  from  a  description, 
and  In  passing  in  review  his  series  seek  to  what  species  this  de- 
scription is  adapted. '  Moreover,  these  two  manners  of  proceeding 
verge  into  each  other  repeatedly,  when  one  has  beneath  one's 
eyes,  a  large  ensemble  of  well -separated  species.  Indeed,  when 
making  use  of  the  first  proceeding,  one  often  falls  into  the  second, 
for  one  is  often  struck  with  the  descripiion  of  such  and  such  a 
salient  character  which  one  recollects  having  observed  in  a  species. 
Thus  tho  search  after  one  species  loads  to  the  determination  of 
another.  Tho  work  hastens  along  with  accelerated  motion  and 
leads  to  results  the  more  certain  as  each  species  is  represented 
by  a  largei  number  of  individuals  comprising  most  of  the  possible 


'  For  this  purpose  short  descriptions,  1.  e.,  diagnoses,  which  may  at 
once  be  committed  to  memory,  are  very  useful. 


INTIlODUCTloN. 


x.xiil 


Yam!tie«.  Ill  Ihis  ontirdy  einpiricul  labor,  niiy  proccHS,  ovcii 
uxpf(liriitrt  art'  ullowiilili'. 

Ncverthek'HH,  vvhi'ii  out'  (ittrf  to  tlio  groupH,  in  whirli  llio  spocies 
lie  clusu  togt'tlior,  uiio  in  ol'teii  puzzled,  uiid  there  reuiains  iiu  wuy 
of  e.\(;lu.sioii. 

Uiicc  the  fenialcs  dcteniiiiicd,  proceed  to  an  aiiiilopoiis  sortiiif^ 
out  and  groupiiij^  of  the  nialcs  hy  specieH,  Allrihiite  to  eaeh 
feiiniie  species  its  respective  iiiale,  iHginning  by  the  more  easy 
and  proceeding  always  l)y  way  of  exclusion.  This  is  a  tentative 
worlx,  in  wiiicli  out;  succeeds  satisfactin'ily  only  when  familiarized 
with  a  group  wliicli  is  being  sludii'd. 

As  to  separating  at  the  outset  the  Monnbia  from  the  (kh/ncrtis, 
the  Si/nimorphiifi  from  the  Ancintroreriis,  the  (hbineriii^  from  the 
J^pipona,  that  cannot  ije  done  without  being  well  accpminted  with 
these  groups  so  as  to  place  therejn  at  once  the  insects  according 
to  their  facies.  If  one  is  not  far  onougb  advanced  "to  do  so,  this 
separation  will  result  <piitc  naturally  from  the  work  of  deternu- 
iiation ;  nevertheless,  to  distinguish  the  Monobia,  it  will  be  neces- 
sary to  dissect  the  mouth. 

With  that  operation,  wc  may  finish,  because  wc  shall  have  no 
more  to  seek  but  among  a  ;-inaII  residue  of  species,  whereas  had 
we  liegun  by  establishing  that  distinction,  we  should  have  been 
obliged  to  dissect  the  mouths  of  all  the  Odyncrus  which  have  been 
excluded  from  this  operation  by  the  mere  fact  of  their  determina- 
tion. A  work  of  determination  made  according  to  this  manner 
of  proceeding  will  afford  Bynoi)tical  view.s  that  alone  will  permit 
one  to  appreciate  tlie  true  relations  of  species.  IJetter  than  any 
other,  it  will  prepare  the  entomologLst  to  give  comparative 
descriptions  taken  from  a  general  point  of  view  which  will  not 
lose  itself  in  worthless  details. 


f  • 


I 


ANALYTICAL  TABLE. 


PAGB 

Family  VESPIDiE 1 

Tribe  Masauin^-e 3 

Geu.  Tiinieria  Sauss.  ........  4 

Gen.  Masaris  Fub 4 

Tribe  Odynerin;e  ..........  11 

I.  The  Anoinalipeunes 12 

Gen.  Qayella  Spin 1^5 

II.  The  Nonuaiipeiiiies K^ 

Legion  I.  Tlie  Zethitea 13 

Gen.  Zetbus  Fair 13 

Division  Zethus  (sensu  striutiorc) 16 

Division  Heros          ........  17 

Division  ZeUiusculus       .......  18 

A.  Antennae  of  the  males  terminated  hy  a  rolling-up 

spiral  ........       19 

a.  Petiole  presenting  a  nodulous  or  ovoid  expansion       10 

b.  i?\velling  of  the  jietiole  cylindrical        .         .         .23 
*  Metathorax  not  excavated  -         ...       23 
**  Metathorax  excavated;   the  excavation  mar- 
gined with  sharp  carina)  ...       25 

f  Thorax  short,  quadrate  or  rounded          .         .       2r> 
If  Thorax  elongate,  attenuated  anteriorly,  ellip- 
tical     27 

B.  Autennre  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  liook  .         .       29 
a.  Species  having  the  appearance  of  the  true  Zethus. 

Head  more  wide  tlian  liigli ;  thorax  short,  not 
being  one  and  a  half  times  longer  than  wide; 
dilatation  of  the  petiole  elliptical  or  cylindrical, 
a  little  contracted  behind  ;  the  second  segment  of 
the  abdomen  in  form  of  a  globular  bell  .  .  -9 
0,  Species  which  have  more  the  appearance  of  En- 
menes  or  Disca-llua.  Head  less  inflated,  less  hol- 
lowed out  at  the  occiput ;  thorax  of  moderate 
length  ;  petiole  more  as  in  the  Eumenes  of  Divi- 
sion a  .  •  .  .  .  a  .        39 

(  X.XV  ) 


XXVI 


ANALYTICAL   TABLE. 


FAQE 


|\i! 


y.  Petiole  quite  linear,  filiform,  depressed,  very  muoh 
elongate,  as  in  Eumenes  of  Division  (.     Facies 
of  a  Calliyaster  ....... 

C.  Species  wliicli  I  do  not  know,  and  of  which  the 
antennae  {%)  have  not  been  described 
Division  Didymogastra  Ptrty  ... 

A.  Antennae  of  the  nialeii  terminated  by  a  rolled  spiral 

I).  Antennae  of  %,  terminated  by  a  hook 

C.  Species  of  which  tl  .»  soction  remains  undetermined 

Gen.  Labus  Sauss 

Gen.  Discoelius  Latr.  ...... 

Legion  II.  The  Odynerites      ..... 

Gen.  Eumenes  Fabr.    ...... 

Division  Pachymenes       ..... 

1.  Form  rather  l-jngthened ;  thorax  longer  than  wide; 
abdomen  hardly  depressed,  the  2d  segment  not 
campanular 

A.  Petiole  campanular,  enlarged  above  beyond  the 

middle,  humped,  the  boss  divided  by  a  groove; 

its  extremity  bordered  by  a  salient  band 
a.  Thorax  rather  compressed,  lengthened 
h.  Thorax  not  compressed,  moderately  wide 

B.  Petiole  pyrifonn,  depressed,  less  inflated  above, 

not  divi<led  by  a  groove   .        .        .        .         . 
Division  Umicrou 

A.  Thorax  quite  short,  cubic-globular,  larger  than  the 

pear  of   the  abdomen  ;    the  2d  segment  of  this 
wider  than  long  (as  in  genus  Tatua),  wide-globular 

B.  Thorax  a  little  more  long  than  wide.     The  2d  seg- 

ment of  abdomen  sometimes  rather  elongate 

C.  Thorax  not  so  wide  ;  longer  than  broad  ;  not  larger, 

or  even  smaller  than  the  pear  of  the  abdomen. 
(Form  very  much  as  in  Division  Alpha.)     . 
Division  Beta  ......*.. 

a.  Mandibles    short,   pointed    in   the   males ;    blunt, 
rounded  at  tip,  with  separated  small  teeth  in  the 
females         ....•••• 

6.  Mandibles  more  elongate,  not  truncate,  rather  hooked 

at  tip,  with  strong  teeth  on  the  interior  margin   . 

Division  Alpha  (Eumenes  proprie  dicti)  .         .        •         • 

A.  Large  species,  with  black  wings.     The  pear  of  the 

abdomen  rather  depressed 

B.  Smaller  species,  with  the  abdomen  more  globular 

or  compressed.    (Regular  type  of  Division  Alpha) 


42 

43 
45 

45 
50 
51 
56 
58 
59 
59 
60 


61 


61 
62 
63 

6fi 
68 


69 


75 


S3 


88 

90 
92 

93 

95 


ANALYTICAL  TABLE. 


XXVU 


PAGE 


42 


5(» 
51 

56 

58 

59 

59 

60 


61 


61 
62 
63 


a.  Wings  smoky,  with  violet  iridescence 

b.  Wings  transparent  or  yellowish   .         .         .         . 
*  Second  abdominal  segment  without  lateral  yel- 
low spots 

**  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  yellow  spot 
on  each  side  (sometimes  wanting  in  variety) 

***  Second  abdominal  segment  having  on  each 
side  a  yellow  fascia,  or  a  complete  transverse 
yellow  band  on  its  middle  .... 

c.  Species  of  uncertain  origin 

Division  Zeta 

Gen.  Montezumia  Sauss.      ....... 

Division  Antezumia.  Head  flattened  before.  Abdomen 
^ediculate.  (Appearance  nearly  like  some  Pachy- 
meues) 

Division  Metazumia 

Division  Alontezumia  (propr.  diet.) 

1.  Abdomen  petliculate         .... 

2.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  snbsessile 

A.  Thorax  moderately  lengthened,  first  abdominal 

segment  funnel-shaped,  convex,  divided  by  a 
feeble  groove.     Vertex  somewhat  swollen     . 
a.  Wings  transparent  or  ferruginous     . 
h.  Wings  obscure,  smoky,  fuscous  or  black  . 
*  Body  more  or  less  ferruginous 
**  Body  quite  black 

B.  Head  strongly  dilated  on  the  vertex  behind  the 

eyes.  Thorax  much  lengthened.  First  segment 
of  the  abdomen  depressed  or  flattened  above 
and  divided  by  a  very  distinct  groove 

Division  Parazumia 

Division  Pseudozumia 

Gen.  Monobia  Sauss 

Division  I 

A.  Metathorax  bispinose      .... 

B.  Metathorax  rounded,  unarmed 
Division  II       ......         , 

A.  Abdomen  conical ;  the  first  segment  wide  and  trun- 

cate. Hinder  portion  of  the  metathorax  bordered 
by  trenchant  ridges  and  armed  on  each  side  with 
a  dentiform  angle 

B.  Abdomen  ovalo-conical ;    the  first   segment   more 

rounded,  less  truncate,  less  sessile.  Metathorax 
roitnded ;  its  concavity  not  bordered  above  by 
trenchant  ridges 


PAGE 

9r> 

98 

98 

101 


102 
105 
105 
110 


113 
114 
117 
117 

lis 


lis 

118 
119 
119 
124 


127 
127 
127 
129 
129 
129 
132 
132 


132 


134 


xxvm 


ANALYTICAL   TABLii. 


a.  On  each  side  of  rat'tathorax  a  dentiform  angle     . 

b.  Metiithorax  without  distinct  spinifomi  angles 

C,  Abdomen  sliglitly  fusiform,  enlarging  as  far  as  the 
extremity  of  the  2d  segment ;  the  1st  segment  a 
little  funnel-shaped,  divi<led  by  a  feeble  longitu 
dinal  groove.     Thorax  lengthened 
Gen.  Nortonia  Saitss.  ....... 

Gen.  Rhynchium  Latr 

Gen.  Odynerus  Latr.    ....... 

Definition  of  the  subgenera      ..... 

Subgenus  Symmorphns  Wesm.    ..... 

a.  Segments  1-4  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with  yellow 

b.  Segments  1, 3, 4  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with  yellow 

c.  Segments  1,  2  only,  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with 

yellow 

Subgenus  Ancistrocerus  Wesm 

Division  Ancistrocerus  (properly  speaking)    . 

Table  to  assist  in  the  determination  of  the  species  of 
Ancistrocerus     ....... 

I.  Metathorax  having  its  concavity  angulate,  bordered 

all  around  by  trenchant  ridges 

A.  Form  lengthened,  slender         .... 

B.  Form  still  lengthened,  but  less  slender     . 

C.  Body  more  gathered,  normal,  but  the  thorax 

still  sensibly  longer  than  wide  . 

a.  Metathorax  destitute  of  strong  spines   . 

b.  Metathorax  having  two  strong  spines     . 

D.  Form  very  stubbed.     Thorax  cubical,  nearly 

as  long  as  wide  ...... 

II.  The  concavity  of  the  metathorax  forms  no  distinct 

lateral  angles 

A.  Posterior  face  of  metathorax   remaining   mar- 

gined, but  without  distinct  angles.     Body 
slender,  elongate         ..... 

a.  Post-scutel  strongly  truncate 

/).   Post-scutel  not  truncate,  angulate  posteriorly 

B.  Metathorax   not  distinctly  marginate.      Body 

not  slender,  of  normal  form 
«.  Abdomen  nearly  conical.     The  border  of  the 
2d  segment  not  reflexed.    Body  velutinous 

b.  Abdomen  more  ovalo-conical;  the  border  of 

2d  segment  rugose  or  reliexed    . 


PAOE 

lo4 
J37 


137 
139 
142 
143 
149 
151 
152 
153 


155 

157 
157 

158 

159 

it;o 

1(J3 

l(i7 
107 
173 

175 

177 

177 
177 

179 

180 
180 
181 


I 


ANALYTICAL    TABLE. 

c.  Abdomen  not  as  sessile;  its  first  segment 
distinctly  narrower  than  the  second,  whicli 
is  in  tlio  shape  of  a  liawk's  bell,  with  a 
rellexed  margin.  Metatliorax  not  excavated 
in  the  form  of  a  wide  ca"  .t  »,at  of  a  wide 
channel      

•  •  •  • 

Division  Stenanuistrooerus 

Table  to  assist  in  the  determination  of  the  species  of 
Division  Stenancistrocerus        •         .         .         . 

1.  Formlengtheneil.     Metatliorax  prolonged  norizon- 

taily  behind  the  post-scntel,  then  truncate  ver- 
tically, etc.        .         ,         .       ^ 

2.  Form  very  slender,     Metatliorax  not  so  distinctly 

produced  behind    the  post-scutel  ;    its  con- 
cavity large,  etc 

A.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  rather  funnel- 

sliaped  or  bell-shaped,  truncate  anteriorly    . 

B.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  in  form  of  a  pro- 

longed bell,  rather  squarely-rounded,  about 
as  wide  as  the  second  segment,  not  con- 
tracted before 

a.  First  segment  sharply  truncate  anteriorly     . 

b.  First  abdominal  segment  more  rounded  ante- 

riorly, ratlier  like  a  square  bell 
3.  Form  slender,  but  the  abdomen  somecimes  slender, 
S(mietinies  ovoid,  especially  among  the  '^  . 
The  first  segment  cupuliforni,  narrower  than 
the  2d,  having  the  suture  indistin(!t,  often 
presenting  a  transverse  fluting  bordered  by 
two  traces  of  sutures.  Concavity  of  the 
metathorax  generally  small,  its  borders  in- 
distinct        

a.  Suture  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  rather 

strong ;  excavation  of  the  metathorax  some- 
what distinctly  margined  .... 

b.  Suture  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  not  so 

strong.     Excavation  of  metatliorax  having 
its  edges  rounded,  without  precise  limits  . 

Division  Hypanoistrocerus 

Division  Ancistroceroides 

Subgenus  Odyuerus  Latr.  (sensu  strictiore) 

Division  Ilypodynerus 

Table  to  assist  in  distinguishing  the  species  of  the  Divi- 
sion Hypodynerus 


XXIX 


PAOE 


188 
IM) 

191 


192 


195 


198 

198 

199 


206 


2ii(i 


UK) 
21 1  > 
211 
212 
213 

216 


XXX 


ANALYTICAL  TABLE. 


PAOE 


J.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  bell-shaped,  pyri- 
form,  uniformly  a  little  comb-shaped.  Appear- 
ance of  Montezumia 

II.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  offering  an  ante- 
rior and  a  superior  face  separated  by  a  sort  of 
transverse  :idge  or  swelling  (the  true  Hypo- 
dynerus)        

A.  Form    lengthened;    first    abdominal   segment 

suall,  nodiform  or  peduuculiform,  very  much 
narrower  than  the  2d  ;  its  anterior  lace  in  a 
lengthened  triangle        ..... 

B.  Form  shorter,  wiui-r;  first  segment  wide  on  its 

posterior  border ;  its  anterior  face  in  the 
form  of  an  equilateral  triangle  and  a  little 
pedicellate;  its  superior  face  large    . 

a.  Wings  rufous  along  the  anterior  band  . 

b.  Wings  fuscous,  with  violet  iridescence 

C.  Form  very  wide,  short  and  depressed,  first  seg- 

ment very  wide  ;  its  anterior  face  sessile,  in 
the  form  of  a  wide  triangle  ;  its  supeiior  face 
very  short,  3-4  times  as  wide  as  long 

D.  Form   also  quite   chubby,  but   not   so  much 

depressed  ;  metathorax  rounded,  flat  or  con- 
vex behind,  smooth,  without  marginal  edges ; 
first  segment  of  the  abdomen  very  short ;  its 
superior  face  transverse-linear.    (Appearance 
of  a  Vespa.)  .  .... 

Division  Pachodynerus    .         .  .... 

Table  to  assist  in  distinguishing  the  species  of  the 

Division  Pachodynerus 

1st  Section. — Thorax  cubical  (at  least  among  the 
males)  or  square,  lengthened.  Abdomen  coni- 
cal ;  the  first  segment  very  large,  as  wide  as 
the  second 

A.  All  the  segments  except  the  first  bordered  with 

yellow 

a.  Metathorax  forming  a  lateral  angle  on  each 

side 

h.  Metathorax  rounded,  not  forming  on  each  side 

a  dentiform  angle        .... 

B.  All  the  abdominal  segments  margined  with  yel- 

low or  rufous 

a.  Superior  edges  of  metathorax  not  sharp 

b.  Superior  edges  of  metathorax  sharp 


218 


219 


21D 


222 
222 

224 


225 


227 
228 

229 


230 

231 

231 

236 

237 
237 
238 


ANALYTICAL   TABLE. 


X&Xl 


I 
.it 


I 


PAUE 

240 

244 

244 

24r) 
247 

247 

249 


C.  Only  the  first  two  abdominal  segments  margined 
with  yellow.     (Tlie  3d  and  4th  sometimes 
indistinctly  marginate.)         .... 
2d  Section. — Form  more  lengthened;  thorax  length- 
ened square  or  retracted  beliiml.    Abdomen 
lei.8  conic,  more  cylindrical  or  depressed   . 

a.  All  thu  segments  of  the  abdomen,  except  the 

first,  bordered  with  yellow 

b.  Abdomer  varied  with  black  and  rufous 
Division  Odyuerus 

Table  to  assist  in  distinguishing  the  Division  Odynerus 

and  Stenodynerus,  with  regard  to  Pachodynerus 
Table  to  assist  the  determination  of  the  species  of  Divi- 
sion Odynerus         ....... 

Section  I.— Post-scutel  sharply  truncate ;    its  trans- 
verse edge  often  crenulate.    Abdomen  conical 
or  ovate-conical;    the  second   segment   not 
strangulated  at  base;   the  first  segment  in- 
cluding it  very  naturally       ....     252 

1.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  angulate,  forming 

on  each  side  a  lateral  dentiform  angle        .     252 
A.  Concavity  of  the  metathorax  polygonal,  mar- 
gined with  straight  or  arcuate  ridgea, 
which  form  at  their  meeting  a  sharp  angle. 
The  superior  lateral  edges  superiorly  ter- 
-uinating  in  a  tooth  or  eminence,  sepa- 
rated  from   the  post-scutel   by  a  deep 
fissure,  or  by  a  notch     ....     252 

a.  Ridges  of  the  metathorax  very  salient;  its 

posterior  face  excavated        .         .         .     252 

*  Posterior  margin  of  2d  and  3d  abdominal 

segments  reflexed        ....     252 
**  Posterior  margin  of  2d  and  3d  abdominal 
segments  not  reflexed,  but  impressed 

and  rough 255 

6.  The  hinder  face  of  metathorax  more  flat- 
tened ;  its  superior  edges  not  so  salient    2(j2 

*  The  superior  ridges  forming  two  elevated 

spines  behind  the  post-scutel      .         .     262 
**  The  superior  edges  of  metnthorax  very 
slight,  only  forming  behind  the  post- 
soutel  two  very  small  tpeth  .        .     264 


XXXll 


ANALYTICAL  TABLE. 


PAGE 


B.  Metathorax  as  in  Section  A,  but  tho  superior 

edges  uf  its  him'tir  platu  not  ao  iiiucli 
olevatod,    no    Iriiger    for-'ii'ig,    iu    tho 
female.4,  dif^tiuut  tuuth  beuiud  tlie  post- 
scutel,  etc.       ...... 

a.  Metatiior ax  excavated;  edges  straight 
6.  Metathorax  more  Uatten  .d ;    the  superior 
edges  rouglieiied,  not  acute    . 

C.  Hinder  plate  of  metatliorax  no  longer  mar- 

gined superiorly  by  sharp  edges ;    lateral 

angles  still  existing 

2.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  orbicular  or  more 
or  less  rounded,  not  forming  on  each  side 
a  distinct  dentiform  angle  .... 

A.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  still  margined 

with  sharp  edges,  salient  in  its  superior 
part,  and  forming  on  each  side  at  the 
summit  a  tooth  or  elevation,  separated 
from  the  post-scutel  by  a  fissure  (some- 
times very  small)  ..... 

a.  The  concavity  deep,  excavated,  with  sali- 

ent rirlges.  Abdomen  conical ;  its  bao3 
sharply  truncate 

b.  Pojiterior  plate  of   metathorax  less  exca- 

vated ;  its  marginal  edges  but  slightly 
salient,  although  still  sharp.  Abdomen 
ovate-conical,  slightly  attenuated  at  base 

B.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  no  longer  mar- 

gined with  sharp  ridges,  and  not  forming 
post-scutellar  teeth         .... 

a.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  much  exca- 
vated, margined  with  salient,  blunt,  and 
rough  edges    ...... 

6.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax   more  flat- 
tened ;  its  margins  rounded  and  punc- 
tured     ....... 

Section  II. — Body  yet  stubbed,  not  slender,  nor  cylin- 
drical. Abdomen  not  conical,  but  still  ses- 
sile ;  the  1st  segment  smaller  than  the  2d, 
as  strongly  or  more  strongly  punctured  than 
the  2d  ;  the  2d  constricted  at  base  to  fit  into 
the  first  and  more  or  less  deformed ;  having 
its  margin  very  strongly  canaliculate  and 
retlexed,  and  more  or  less  swelled  before 
the  channel 


205 
2(J5 

208 


270 


281 


2S1 


2S1 


285 


290 


290 


292 


297 


ANALYTICAL   TABLE. 


xxxm 


2!19 
3(»1 
304 


309 


PAOB 

A.  Metathorax  not  narrowed  below,  much  exca- 

vated, with  very  sharp  edges  ;  post-scutel 
liitiiberculate;  abdomen  quite  deformed    .     297 

B.  Metathorax  triangular,  narrowed  ]ioateriorly, 

not  so  much  'xcavated,  with  sharp  supe- 
rior ridges.  Post-scutel  not  created.  Second 
abdominal  segment  channelled  and  rellexed, 
scarcely  swollen         ..... 

Division  Stenodynerus     ....... 

Table  to  assist  in  the  determination  of  the  Stenoili/mri 

I.  Metathorax  having  its  posterior  plate  superiorly 

teiiiiinated  by  two  erect  teeth,  or  by  an  erect 

croSu      «••••••« 

A.  Metathorax    not   prolonged   beyond  the  post- 

scutel,  but  truncate  at  its  api^x,  posteriorly 
excavated,  angulate  on  each  side  ;  the  sup' 
rior  edges  of  the  posterior  plate  terminating 
in  two  erect  spines,  which  are  separated  from 
the  post-scutel  by  deep  fissures 

B.  Metathorax    truncate,   excavated ;    superiorly 

margined  by  an  arcuate  ridge,  rather  crenu- 
late,  separated  on  each  side  from  post-scutel 
by  a  fissure   ....... 

C.  form  not  very  slender.     Metathorax  produced 

horizontally  beyond  the  post-scutel;  then 
Vertically  truncate;  the  i)ost-scutel  quite 
enveloped  by  it  posteriorly,  not  reaching  up 
to  the  edge  of  the  posterior  face  of  metathorax ; 
the  posterior  face  of  metathorax  .-juperiorly 
terminating  in  an  erect  crest,  parted  by  a 
fissure.  Vertex  in  J  having  two  pilose  tu- 
bercles   311 

n.  Metathorax   not  forming  erect  spines  or  crests 
behind  the  post-scutel.     Its  superior  face  not 
produced  behind  the  post-scutel.     This  last 
not  posteriorly  truncate,  but  angular,     Post- 
scutel  <^enerally  yellow,  scutel  usually  black     312 
1.  Body  slender,  cylindrical.     Concavity  of   the 
metathorax  wide,   sometimes    rather    dis- 
tinctly limited.     First  abdominal  segment 
bell-shaped,  rather  elongate,wideIy  rounded 
anteriorly,  sessile  or  subsesaile.      Thorax 
rather  elongate,  vaulted,  subcylindrical     .     312 


309 


310 


X\X1V 


ANALVIICAL   TAllHi. 


I'AUG 

A.  Metal  liorax  slightly  prolonged  nmler  the  post- 

Bcutel  I'B^oud  it,  being  truncate  beforo; 
its  concavity  margined  with  sharp  edges, 
uehrly  angulate  on  each  side 
Abdomen  slender,  cylindrical ;  first  seg- 
ment as  wide  as  the  second,  liody  vel- 
vety         313 

B.  Metathorax  scarcely,  or  not  distinctly  pro- 

duced under  the  post-soutel,  beyond  it  . 

Abdomen  elongate,  cylindrical,  with  the  Ist 

segment  as  wide  as  tiie  2d,  elongate;  or 

ovoid-elongate  with  the  1st  segment  a 

little  narrower,  rounded        .         .         .     313 

*  Tiio  1st  and  2d  abdominal  segments  each 

adorned    with    two  yellow    spots,    or 

fasciae  beside  their  marginal  fa.scia     .     313 

**  Only    tlie    second    abdominal    segment 

adorned  with  two  yellow  spots  which 

are  often  wanting,  principally  in  the 

males 321 

***  No  free  yellow  spots  on  the  first  two 

abdominal  segments  .         .         .     327 

2.  Form  less  cylindrical,  not  much  elongated,  the 
thorax  often   short,  and  wide  anteriorly, 
contracted  posteriorly.     Metathorax  more 
convex,    rounded ;    its    fossette    generally 
small,  but  always  distinct.    Abdomen  ovoid 
or  irregular,  the  first  segment  narrower  than 
the  second,  not  truncate  anteriorly,  not  as 
sessile;  second  segment  more  swelled  than 
in  the  preceding,  short  and  convex,  con- 
tracted at  base  to  fit  into  the  first       .         .     332 
A.  Form  rather  stouter,  abdomen  rather  wide  in 
tlie  middle,  but  yet  attenuated  before. 
The  fossette  of  the  posterior  face  of  meta- 
thorax rounded,  always  distinct     .        .    333 

a.  Thorax  but  slightly  adorned  with  yellow; 

(sometimes  quite  black,  with  a  yellow 
spot  under  the  wing)  ;  post-scutel  quite 
black  or  adorned  with  two  yellow  dots  .     333 

b.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax  adorned  with 

yellow,  but  not  the  posterior  margin ; 
the  yellow  fascia  often  bilobed  or  inter- 
rupted. Fossette  of  metathorax  large, 
rather  triangular,  occupying  nearly  the 
whole  width  of  the  meii-^horax    .        .    334 


ANALYTICAL  TABLE. 


XXXV 


I'AOE 

*  Sometimes  there  are  two  little  free  spots 

on  liio  2d  abdominal  segiiients    .         .     334 
**  No  lateral  yellow  spot  on  the  ahdonien  .     335 

c.  Posterior  margin'  of  prothorax,  and  often 

al.so  the  anterior  margin  bordered  with 
yellow,     (insects  often  velvety.)   .         .     340 

d.  Prothorax  (luite  yellow  above.     Scutel  and 

poat-soutel  yellow 340 

3.  Body  elongate,  slender  ;   the  abdomen  especial- 
ly, very  slender,     Metatlinrax  c  onvex,  having 
no  longer  a  distinct  excavation,  but  sooner 
parted  by  a   large  groove,  which   separates 
Ita  two  cheeks.     Abdomen  .-lender,  spindle- 
shaped;   the  first  segment  elongate,  funnel- 
shaped,  sometimes  subpedunculate        .         .     346 
III.  Metathorax  not  produced  superiorly  beyond  the 
post-scutel,  convex  ;  its  hinder  face  parted 
by  a  deep  groove.     Post-scutel  truncate- 
having  a  sharp  edge 352 

A.  Metathorax  quite  unarmed  superiorly  .         .     352 

B.  Metathorax  armed  superiorly  with  two  tuber- 

cles, Bometimea  very  small         .        .         .  3.'i5 

Subgenus  Epiponua 350 

Division  Antepiponus 3(jl 

Division  Epipouus 3(]3 

Appendix  to  the  genus  Odynerus ,  3^14 

Gen.  Leptoohilas  Sauss 3(jy 

Gen.  Pterochilus  Klurj 3(;g 

Gen.  Ctenochilus  Sanss 372 

Gen.  Alastor  Lepel.  St.  Farg 373 

Gen.  Smithia  Sausa 37^ 

Appendix 37t) 

Index _     3(^2 

Explanation  of  Plates 38tj 


VESriDiE 


oy 


AMERICA. 


Family  VESPIDiE. 

CllAUACTERS. — Wiiit^'s  folded  loii;j;itudinally  when  at  rest. 
Protliorux  oxlondud  backward  ud  iar  as  tlio  origin  of  the 
wings. 

Month.  Mandibles  variable.  Lip  quadrifid  or  quadrilobed, 
sonietiine.s  only  bilid;  labial  palpi  not  having  more  thau 
four  artiole.s;  maxillary  not  more  than  six  artiolori. 

AiUennie  ijlbowod,  ibrniing  cither  a  lengthened  or  a  sub- 
filiform  club,  cotnpi.sed  of  twelve  articled  in  the  fenuiles, 
and  thirteen  in  the  malod. 

Ei/ea  eniarginato  (except  Paragia). 

^//(Z'j?7/t?i  sessile  (without  apparent  ])etiole)  or  pedicellate, 
eomposed  of  seven  segments  in  the  males  and  of  six  in  the 
I'emales,  and  armed  with  a  retractile  sting. 

Legs  slender,  without  liairs. 

Wings  always  presenting  two  recurrent  nervures  and 
three  or  four  cubital  cells.    Both  sexes  are  always  winged. 

The  Vespidse  are  easily  recognized  by  thoir  folded  wings  (wiicu 
at  rest).  It  is  true,  this  character  is  not  always  very  distinct, 
especially  among  the  Manarinse  and  liaj>higli»isiniii%  but  in  this 
case  one  identifies  them  with  certainty:  1st,  l)y  their  elbowed 
antenna;;  2d,  by  their  protliorax,  which,  instead  of  forming  a 
knobbed  or  transverse  collar,  offers  a  distinct  upper  surface,  pro- 
longed on  each  side  as  far  as  the  wing  scales;'  3d,  also  by  their 


•  As  among  the  Pomjtiliflce  and  Pepsldw,  from  which  they  are  distin- 
guished especially  by  their  elbowed  auteuuse,  prolonged  into  clubs,  by 
their  folded  wiugs,  eto. 

1  (1) 


2 


IIYMENOPTERA    OP    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


goiicral  nppearanco,  which  is  much  more  easily  (lotcctcd  than 
described. 

The  habits  of  the  Vei<pidse  arc  quite  different;  some  being 
social,  some  solitary,  living  by  rapine,  and  some  parasitic. 

These  three  moral  tendencies  correspond  to  the  si)ecial  forms 
which  characterize  the  groups,  into  which  we  have  separated  the 
following  subfamilies : — 


I.  Masauin^,  or  Parasitic  Wasps. — Wings  having  an  indistinct  duplica- 
tion. AntennfB  sometimes  enlarged  into  a  club,  their  last  articles  often 
soldered  togetlier.  Prothorax  generally  conve.x  before.  Scutel  superposed 
upon  postscutel.  Claws  of  tarsi  generally  unidentate ;  posterior  and  inter- 
mediate tibiae  terminated  by  two  articulate  spines.    Lip  ijuadrifid  or  bifid. 

Wings  having  but  three  cubital  cells.     Eyes  slightly  emarginate. 

II.  EuMENiNJE  or  Odvneris^,'  or  Solitari/  Wasps. — Wings  having  a  more 
distinct  duplication,  always  offering  four  cubital  cells.  Antennre  subiili- 
form,  with  the  articles  distinct.  Lip  leugtheued,  quadrifid.  Claws  of  the 
tarsi  unidentate. 

III.  VEspiNiK,  or  Snrial  Wasps. — Having  the  same  characters  as  the 
Eumeninre,  but  the  claws  of  the  tarsi  not  toothed ;  the  wings  always 
having  a  very  distinct  duplication ;  the  lip  short,  quadrilobed. 

The  3Iasannse  can  easily  be  distinguished  by  the  inner  neura- 
tion  of  their  wings,  etc.  ;  but  the  solitary  and  social  wasps  pre- 
sent so  few  distinctive  general  characters,  that  the^  are  always 
puzzling.  It  will  hardly  be  deemed  superfluous  to  give  lure  a 
table  of  empirical  characters  which  may  assist  in  distinguishing 
them  in  every  case. 


'  In  my  "Etudes  sur  la  Famille  des  Vespides"  I  have  given  to  this  tribe 
the  name  of  Enmenieiis  {I'Jumeiiitnf),  after  the  oldest  genus  of  the  tribe. 
But  as  the  genus  Odynnrus  is  much  more  important,  and  as  the  tribe 
VespiiKf  is  named  after  a  sessile  genus,  I  have  thought  best  to  adopt  in 
preference  that  of  Odyneriens  (Odi/nerince)  for  the  sake  of  conformity  in  the 
names  of  both  tribes. 


VESPID^. 


Siditary  W'aups,    (Odynprlnip.) 


Social  Waspg.    (Vesjiinw.) 


Mandibles  often  long  and  sharp,  or 
liavinj;  lateral  teeth.  Labial  palpi 
with  three  or  four  articles.  Maxil- 
lary palpi  with  three,  four,  five  or 
six  articles. 

Eyes  always  extending  to  the  base 
of  the  mandibles. 

Thorax  always  wide  and  truncate 
before. 

The  second  abdominal  segment  al- 
ways the  largest,  widening  like  a 
bell,  and  like  a  socket  to  those 
following. 

Clype.us  variable,  emarginate,  biden- 
tate,  truncate  or  rounded  on  ils 
inferior  border;  never  terminated 
by  a  tooth. 

Second  cubital  cell  always  narrowed 
toward  the  radial. 

The  second  recurrent  nervure  some- 
times received  by  the  third  cubital 
cell. 


Mandibles  always  short  and  obliquely 
truncate,  with  the  teeth  rather  Icr- 
mitidl.  Labial  palpi  always  with 
four  articles.  Maxillary  palpi  with 
five  or  six  articles. 

Sonu'tim(>s  an  open  space  between  the 
base  of  the  mandibles  and  the  eyes. 

Thorax  sometimes  strongly  contract- 
ed before. 

The  second  segment  sometimes  fuii- 
nel-shrped.  The  third  segment 
in  that  case  the  largest  and  a  sort 
of  socket  for  ihose  following. 

Clijpeus  often  cordiforui,  terminated 
by  an  angle  or  sort  of  tooth  or  by 
a  rounded  lobe. 

Second  cubital  cell  sometimes 
scjuare. 

The  second  cubital  cell  always  re- 
ceiving the  two  recurrent  uervures. 


Tribe  MASARIN^. 

(Parasitic  "Wasps.) 

Among  these  insects  one  notices  iu  the  antennae  n  tendency  to 
consolida't.on  of  the  articles  and  to  a  rudimentary  condition  of  the 
maxillary  palpi,  as  in  general  among  parasitic  insects.  The 
abdominal  segments  among  some  species  are  constricted  at  the 
base  80  that  one  cannot  receive  anuihcr  within  it. 

The  wings  often  fold  with  difiioulty;  thoy  oiler  but  throe  cubital 
cells,  and  the  two  recurrent  ucrvures  always  ternunate  upon  the 
second. 

The  lip  is  at  times  quadrifid,  and  sometimes  bifid.  When  bifid 
it  is  also  extensile  by  virtue  of  a  peculiar  nicclianism.* 

We  know  as  yet  but  two  representative  genera  of  this  tribe  in 
America — otie  of  which  forms  a  genus  limited  to  this  continent. 

'  See:  Saussure,  Etudes  sur  la  Pamille  dis  Vespides,  III,  23,  etc.;  and 
Auuales  dos  Soieuo«a  rs'aturelles,  1857,  VII. 


HYMENOPTEHA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Oen.  TRIMERIA  Sadss.' 

Ay^tennie  clubbed,  lenglhened  ;  the  last  articles  very  indistinct. 
Lip  not  extensile,  tongue  shaped,  billd.  Labial  palpi  composed 
of  three  articles;  maxillary  apparently  of  none.  Mandibles 
tolerably  sharp.  Abdominal  segments  constricted  at  their  base  ; 
not  retractile. 

1.  T.  americaiia  Sauss. 
Eriniiys  americatid  Sadss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  3(1  ser.  I,  Bull,  xx,  1853. — 
Trimeria  americana  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  1854,  81,  PI.  iv,  fig.  2,  $. 

Hab.  Brazil. 

Gen.  MASARIS  Fab. 

A7itennae  of  %  long,  of  9  short,  composed  of  twelve  articles, 
of  which  the  five  last  are  soldered  into  a  single  bare  mass 
(leaving  but  eight  articles  appitrcn  y.  Articles  4-7  long  in  the 
males,  short  in  the  females,  and  incompletely  soldered;  the 
terminal  mass  (8th  article)  forming  an  oval  club  in  the  male, 
variable  among  the  females.  Lij)  extensile ;  the  tongue  bifid, 
inclosed  in  a  contractile  sheath,  in  the  form  of  a  lamina,  placed 
edgewise:  labial  palpi  .short."  Jaics  short;  maxillary  palpi 
rudimentary.  3Iandibles  short,  arcuate,  bidentate.  Clypeus 
notched  like  the  arc  of  a  circle.  Metathorax  flattened  behind 
(bispinose).  Abdomen  flattened  beneath,  the  segments  contracted 
at  the  base,  the  third  and  following  not  retractile  into  the  second ; 
the  abdomen  equally  wide  and  rounded  at  tip  ia  I'.ic  9 ;  lengthened 
in  the  %,  attenuated  toward  the  end,  bifid  (  '  v,  ■  .ams,  and  seg- 
ments 2-3  armed  beneath  with  a  salient  process. 


'  I  at  first  named  tliis  genus  En'nnj/s  in  commemoration  of  a  discussion 
upon  the  antennfe  of  Musaris  which  for  a  long  time  occupied  the  Entomo- 
logical Society  of  France  (see  toe.  cit.);  but  finding  this  name  already 
employed,  I  chanced  it  to  Trimeria,  wliich  seems  scarcely  hotter,  as  there 
are  already  two  genera  Trimera.  Nevertheless  I  think  it  better  to  retain 
the  new  name,  since  it  is  not  identical  with  the  last. 

2  See  for  the  composition  of  the  lip,  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  23,  and 
Annates  des  Sciences  Naturelles,  1857,  VII. 

,ii>.  »..«,.  Hill  .m- ■~^.--    "     .1-..,.  ' 


MASARIS,  5 

This  remarkable  genus  counts  as  yet  hut,  five  representatives, 
of  vvhieli  two  are  AiViean,  the  ulhers  were  recenlly  tliseoverod  in 
North  America. 

The  American  Masaris  differs  from  the  African  by  having  tlie 
hibial  palpi  much  longer.  The  1st  joint  hJng ;  the  2d  very  short, 
about  one-third  or  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  lirst ;  the  od 
arcuated,  a  little  shorter  than  the  (irst,  and  ciliated  at  tip.  The 
4th  i.s  tpiite  ruilimental,  soldered  to  the  inner  face  of  the  extremity 
of  the  third.  The  tongue  is  (piite  extensile  as  in  the  African 
type.  The  maxillary  pal])i  are  also  quite  rudimental,  only  appa- 
rent as  a  little  tubercle.  The  American  3Iasaris  are  also  distin- 
guished from  the  A'^t'ican  l)y  the  antennae  of  the  9  which  are 
more  globularly  clul)bed,  nearly  as  in  Crlonitcs.  The  males 
which  I  can  only  judge  by  the  figure  given,  liave  also  the  terminal 
part  more  globular  or  at  least  less  elongated  than  in  JI.  vcspi- 
formis. 

1.  Antenna?  of  9  clubl)cd,  having  5  soldered  terminal  articles, 

slightly  dilated,  not  forming  a  distinct  knob;  the  first  article 
very  hjiig.     Labial  palpi  very  short 
M.  I'esjjiformifi  Latu.     (North  Africa.) 

2.  Antenna?  of  ?  terminated  by  a  knob,  as  well  as  those  of  %; 

the  five  last  articles  forming  an  oval  dilated  mass.     Labial 
palpi  moderate. 

!•  in.  vespoides  Cress. — Nipra,  flavo  vaHegata,  abrlomini.s  segmentis 
late  flavo-fa.-oiatis;  fasciis  '2-.'i  utriiKjue  iiittro-maculatis ;  (jO  segmento 
flavo-bimaculato;  alis  flavesceiitibus  ;  ecntello  planato  uietanoto  bis- 
pinoso;  antemiis  %  elongatis,  articulo  priiiio  bievi,  globoso,  ultiiuis  5 
in  clavain  ovalem  glutinatis  ;  9  l)i'evibus,  prinio  articulo  tertio  lireviore, 
o-  etongato,  4°,  .'io  nieiHociilms,  ultimis  5  in  clavam  subglobosam 
glutinatis  ;  abdoniiue  %  apice  fisso,  .sogmeutis  2-3  subtud  processibus  2 
iustructis. 

2las<iris  rc^poi'dcs  Chessox,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Philad.  II,  1863,  69,  PI.  iv ; 
III,  673. 

%  .  Total  length,  !)  lines  ;  expanse  of  wings,  Ifj^  lines. 
9  .  Total  length,  8  lines  ;  expanse  of  wings,  14  line.s. 

Ufale. — Clypeus  subquadrate,  deeply  emarginate,  with  the 
angles  rounded ;  mandibles  somewhat  o})t)ise,  with  two  indenta- 
tions near  the  apex.     Antennae  a  little  longer  than  the  head  and 


■%. 


6 


UYMENOPTERA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[VAKT  I. 


thorax;  ist  joi  «t  short  and  thick,  3tl  to  Cth  about  equal,  some- 
what flat ;  7th  i  hortor,  the  5  apical  joiuts  soldered  into  a  broad 
oval  knob,  sligutly  concave  beneath ;  the  sutures  somewhat 
distinct  beneath.  Metathorax  forming  on  each  side  a  somewhat 
flattened  square  angle,  armed  with  an  acute  spine.  Anterior 
femora  rather  curved  and  tibia;  dilated  ;  posterior  tibiiB  armed 
with  two  spurs,  one  of  which  is  elongate  and  deeply  biQd.  Tarsal 
claws  simple.  Abdomen  elongate,  convex  above,  gradually 
narrowed  posteriorly  ;  apical  segment  sub(iuadrate,  deeply  eniar- 
ginate  at  the  apex,  with  two  longitudinal  carina?,  each  bearing  a 
small  obtuse  tubercle  on  the  posterior  third  of  the  segment ;  2d 
and  3d  segments  beneath  with  a  bifid  projection  at  their  base ; 
that  of  the  3d  very  prominent  and  armed  posteriorly  with  an 
acut'e  spine. 

Body  black;  clypens,  apex  of  the  labrum,  middle  of  the  mandi- 
bles, a  transverse  dilated  line  between  the  antenmc  and  the  inner 
and  outer  orbit  of  the  eyes  above  the  antennse,  yellow ;  antennae 
above,  with  the  base  of  the  first  and  second  joints  black ;  the 
apex  of  1st,  inner  side  of  2d,  and  the  4  following  joints,  yellow; 
the  apical  joints  yellowish,  varied  with  fuscous,  blackish  beneath. 
Anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot  beneath  the  wings,  wing 
scales  and  a  spot  above,  apex  of  scutollum  and  angles  of  meta- 
thorax yellow.  Legs  yellow,  at  base  black.  Each  segment  of 
the.  abdomen  above  with  a  submarginal  yellow  indented  band ; 
apical  scj^^nient  with  a  quadrilobed  yellow  spot.  Wings  stained 
with  yellowish,  nervures  honey  yellow  about  the  base,  fuscous 
toward  the  apex. 

Female. — Form  shorter.  Clypous  widely  and  deeply  emar- 
ginate,  very  coarsely  punctured,  roughly  folded  and  reticulate  at 
the  top.  Labrum  carinated,  elongated  and  rounded  at  tip. 
Forehead  carinated  transversely  between  the  antennae.  Head 
and  thorax  densely,  metathorax  finely  punctured ;  scntellura 
polished.  Mesothorax  carinated.  The  thorax  depressed ;  the 
angles  of  metathorax  flattened  and  depressed,  terminating  in  an 
acute  spine.  Abdomen  finely  punctured ;  the  segments  very 
little  constricted  at  base.  First  joint  of  the  anterior  tarsi  rather 
dilated. 

Black,  with  fulvous  pubescence.  Antennae  fulvous;  the  1st 
and  2d  joints  blackish,  the  1st  yellow  at  tip ;  the  club  obscure 
on  the  upper  side,  blackish  at  tip.     Talpi,  the  middle  of  mandi- 


1 


MASARIS.  7 

bios,  borders  of  labniin  at  base,  a  transverse  line  at  top  of  elypeus 
and  orbits  of  the  eyes  Ijehind  and  over  tlie  einarf^inution,  yellow. 
Anterior  border  of  prothorax  and  sometimes  also  the  posterior 
edge,  tegulaj,  a  spot  under  the  wings  and  the  angles  of  the  ineta- 
tliorax,  yellow.  All  the  abdominal  segments  bordered  by  a  wide 
yellow  band,  the  first  beneath  interrupted ;]  the  three  follow- 
ing more  or  less  emargina<e  in  the  middle,  and  with  a  i)lack 
transverse  spot  on  eaeh  side.  Anal  segment  with  two  yellow^ 
macuhc.  Feet  yellow ;  bhiek  at  base.  Wings  a  little  grayish, 
with  basal  and  costal  veins  ferruginous.  Radial  cell  having  its 
greater  width  in  the  middle  of  its  length ;  2d  recurrent  vein  in- 
serted after  the  middle  of  the  border  of  the  2d  cubital  cell. 

The  yellow  ornaments  of  %  vary  much  in  form  and  extent; 
still  more  in  9,  the  bands  being  of  very  different  width,  emargina- 
tion,  spots,  etc.  The  bands  are  sometimes  emargiimted  in  middle, 
and  even  interrupted  on  eaeh  side  by  the  enmrgination.  Some- 
times the  fascia  at  head  and  thorax  are  divided  into  several  dots. 

Var.  a.  Sides  of  elypeus  and  labrum  not  margined  with  yel- 
low ;  no  spot  on  the  mandil)les;  a  yellow  spot  at  top  of  elypeus. 

b.  No  yellow  spot  beneath  the  wings,  no  spots  on  mesothorax. 

c.  Metathorax  with  posterior  angles  slightly  produced  and 
tipped  with  yellow. 

This  insect  differs  from  31.  marginalis  hy  its  very  rongli  elypeus, 
by  the  carina  of  the  forehead,  its  depressed  thorax,  by  the  spines 
of  metathorax,  etc. 

It  has  much  resemblance  to  M.  vespiformis ;  but  the  knob  of 
the  antenna}  of  the  %  is  shorter;  the  projections  of  the  2d  and 
3d  ventral  segments  arc  also  differently  constructed,  that  on  the 
2d  segment  of  the  American  species  being  less  developed  and 
bifid,  while  that  of  the  3d  segment  is  strongly  developed,  bifid, 
and  bearing  an  acute  spine  behind.  The  antennte  of  the  9  are 
very  different ;  the  1st  joint  being  shorter  than  in  JL  vexpiformis, 
and  the  apex  more  swollen,  as  in  GelonileH.  The  color  and  dis- 
tribution of  the  markings  of  9  is  also  very  different,  M.  veapi- 
formis  9  having  its  ornaments  rufous  and  much  more  developed. 
Nevertheless  the  two  species  are  so  closely  allied,  that  it  is  im- 
possible to  separate  them  generically. 

Inhabits  llocky  Mountains,  Pike's  Peak.  (Coll.  Ent.  See. 
Phila.) 


8 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


This  fine  Insect  was  discovered  by  W.  J.  Howard,  and  described 
by  E.  T.  Cressun.  2\'umerous  individuals  were  taken  by  Hidings 
iu  Colorado  Territory  ou  a  plant  allied  to  Lobelia. 


3.  M.  zoualis  Cress. — Nigra,  fusco-hirta;  antennanim  articulis  4,  5 
bievibus;  clypuo  aicuatiui  emarginato;  thoraoe  parum  depresso; 
suutello  cariiiato ;  inetanoto  utriiique  caiithum  coiiipressum  longM  spi- 
nosum  elliciente  ;  (iorpore  valde  sulfureo-variegato ;  abdomiue  fasciis 
coiiipletis  5  ;  auo  bimaculato;  alls  subferrugiueis.      9* 


M.  sonalis  Ckessox,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Philad.  Ill,  18()4,  G74,  2. 
5> .  Total  length  15  mill. ;  wing  8-9  mm. 


9-  I- 


9.  Clypcus  notched  in  arc  of  circle,  convex,  finely  punctured. 
Labruin  triangular,  rounded  at  tip,  pubescent,  with  fulvous 
hairs.  The  whole  insect  very  finely  sculptured.  Thorax  but 
little  dejjressed.  ^^l!tathorax  flattened  behind,  but  not  dejiressed  ; 
the  angles  compressed  into  strong  carina),  armed  ou  each  side 
with  a  long  .spine,  as  in  31.  vespoules. 

Black,  with  brown  hairs.  Antennnc  fulvous;  Pcapo  black,  with 
a  yellow  spot;  2d  joint  black;  3d  yellow;  those  following  very 
short;  the  club  blackish  above,  ^[andibles,  a  spot  in  the  fore- 
head, the  whole  orbits,  the  hind  margin  of  prothorax,  and  (partly 
or  completely)  the  fore  margin,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  togulaj, 
post  tegula),  margin  of  scutellum  and  the  angles  of  metathorax, 
sulphur-yellow.  A  complete  and  regular  submarginal  fa.scia  ou 
all  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  ;  beneath,  only  lines  of  macula} ; 
fith  segment  above,  with  two  yellow  spots.  Feet  black  at  base, 
yellow  from  the  knees  to  the  end.  Wings  as  in  the  preceding, 
with  ferruginous  v(!ins;  radial  cell  rather  brown;  1st  recurrent 
vein  inserted  nearly  at  the  inner  angle;  the  2d  about  in  the 
middle  of  the  2d  cubital  cell. 

Var.  A  yellow  spot  on  the  clypeus;  2  spots  on  the  forehead; 
antenna?  more  black;  a  yellowish  tip  on  the  coxa?.  Fasciic  of 
the  abdomen  a  little  enuirginated ;  the  band  of  the  Gth  complete. 

%.  A  larger  subquadrate  spot  beneath  the  insertion  of  the 
antenna;,  and  the  clypcus  and  labrum  pale  yellowish-white. 
Clypeus  shaped  like  thai  of  M.veapoi den  %,  but  more  flattened 
and  less  deeply  emarginate  at  tip ;  antennae  rather  longer  than 
head  and  thorax,  proportioned  as  in  Vespoif^ra  % ,  exce])t  that 
the  club  is  not  at  all  flattened  beneath  ;  the  joints  pale  yellowish- 


MASAKI8. 


9 


white  above  or  rntlicr  cxtpriorly,  tli;;  two  l)a.«;al  joints  more  or  less 
black  above  at  base,  the  fourth,  fifth,  and  sixth  joints  at  tip 
beneath,  and  the  whole  of  the  remaining  joints  beneath,  pale  ful- 
vous; the  club  above  at  tip,  more  or  less  black  ;  the  five  ailicu- 
lations  of  the  club  arc  closely  soldered  togx-thcr,  the  sutures 
indistinct.  Wings  as  in  i)/.  ws-yKxV/f.vs  %.  Legs  shaped  as  in 
I'cspoidfti  'S,  except  that  the  anterior  tarsi  are  scarcely  ciliated, 
anil  the  basal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi  is  scarcely  as  long  as  the 
foui  remaining  joints  together,  shaped  like  that  of  Vcspoiihs  %  ; 
shining  black;  all  the  segments  except  the  terminal  one,  with  a 
continuous  pale  lemon-yellow  band  ;  those  on  the  five  basal  seg- 
ments more  or  less  emarginatc  on  each  side  anteriorly  ;  the  l)and 
on  the  sixth  segment  generally  entire;  apical  segment  bhiek, 
polished,  deeply  bifid  or  forked  at  tip  when  viewed  from  altnve  ; 
when  viewed  in  profile  the  tip  is  rather  1)road  and  obtUM'ly 
emarginatc,  the  lower  process  being  the  shortest  and  stoutest ; 
when  viewed  endwise  the  tip  has  a  subtrianguhir  shape,  concave, 
more  or  less  lemon-yellow,  with  the  lower  process  rather  deeply 
emarginatc;  venter  flattened,  shining  black,  most  of  the  segments 
with  a  lateral  yellowish  spot ;  the  second  segment  with  a  more 
or  less  developed  fold  anteriorly,  obtusely  emarginatc  on  the 
middle;  on  the  disk  of  the  third  segment  a  large,  robust,  well- 
developed  process,  obtuse  at  tip,  but  with  a  short,  st<nit,  subacute 
spine  posteriorly,  similar  to  that  of  Vf.^jioidoi  %,  but  less 
developed.     Length  5  lines  ;  expanse  of  wings  9  lines. 

This  species  is  nearly  the  miniature  of  Vespoides,  but  is  never- 
theless a  very  true  species. 

The  male  differs  from  that  of  iJ/.  vespoidesin  several  points  of 
structure,  viz.,  the  club  of  the  antenna?  is  rounded  and  not  flat- 
tened beneath,  the  basal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi  is  scarcely  as 
long,  while  in  Vvftpoides  %  it  is  almost  twice  as  long  as  tin;  re- 
maining joints ;  the  apical  segment  of  the  alidonien  differs  much 
from  Vcxpoides  %,  in  having  no  carinte  on  the  disk,  and  in  the 
til)  l)eing  much  more  deeply  l)ifid,  both  above  and  beneath,  and 
the  i)rojection  on  the  third  ventral  segment  more  robust,  and  not 
compressed  or  emarginatc  at  tip  as  in  Ve.<])Oides  %. 

In  the  9  the  thorax  is  less  depressed,  but  a  little  more  than  in 
viarginalis.  The  yellow  ornaments  are  more  abundant ;  the 
abdominal  fascia)  entire.     The  scutcllum  is  cariuated,  while  it  is 


10 


HYMENOl'TEIlA    OF   AMEUICA. 


[part  I. 


not  in  VcHpoiden;  the  fore  i»art  of  the  nuvsotliorax  is  also  ciirinatcd, 
but  tlio  hind  i)iirt  is  dcpressod,  while  in  Vctipoidcs  it  is  riithor 
elovatfd.  The  4th  and  5(li  joints  of  the  antfiiiioj  are  quite  short, 
while  in  Vct^jiuklcfi  the  4th  is  longer  than  broad. 

IJab.   Rocky  Mountains,  Colorado  Territory. 

Mr.  Hidings  discovered  this  species  iu  August  on  a  plant  most 
likely  to  be  of  the  genus  Fhacelia. 


3.  M,  marginalia  Cress. — Nigra,  tenuissime  punctulata;  thorace 
quailiato,  haud  depresso,  angulis  iiietaiioti  compiessiH,  liaiid  spinorfis; 
muuula  froutis,  marginibus  pronoti,  tegulaniiu  abdomiuiyque  segiueuto- 
ruin  1-5  margine  luteo;  tibiis  et  tarsia  luteis.      9* 

^^.  marginalis  Cresson,  Proc.  V.ut.  Soc.  Pliilad.  IH,  18()4,  G77,  ?. 

9.  The  whole  insect,  including  the  head  and  clypcns  very 
finely  punctured,  C(jriaceous.  Thorax  (juadrate,  a  little  longer 
than  wide,  not  depressedasinil/. ■i;e.s7J0i(/e.s, very  finely  punctured, 
a  little  rougher  along  the  anterior  margin  of  mesothorax.  Clypeus 
convex,  not  carinated,  not  so  much  emarginate  as  in  Veq)oUles. 
Labruni  triangular,  with  the  tip  truncate  and  rounded;  its  margin 
and  pubescence  fuscous.  The  angles  of  nu^tathorax  not  depressed, 
but  compressed,  not  si)incd.  Pubescence  black  (or  grayish,  when 
not  fresh).  Palpi,  tip  of  mandibles,  a  line  along  the  orbits  behind 
and  on  the  upper  part  of  the  sinus  in  front,  a  transver.se  line  or  2 
spots  at  the  insertion  of  the  antennae,  luteus.  Antenna3  fidvous; 
the  1st  joint  and  upper  part  of  the  club,  blackish;  the  other  joint 
rather  obscure  on  the  upper  side.  Border  of  anterior  and  posterior 
edge  of  prothorax  (more  or  less),  and  outer  half  of  teguhc,  whitish. 
Abdominal  segments  1-5  adorned  above  with  a  narrow  whitish 
band,  not  quite  marginal,  sometimes  interrupted;  at  least  the 
first.  TibifB  lutous,  tarsi  fulvous.  AVlngs  hyaline,  with  ferru- 
ginous veins;  radial  cell  pear-shaped,  narrowly  jirodnced  at  its 
inner  extremity;  both  recurrent  veins  inserted  before  the  middle 
of  the  2d  cubital  cell. 

Var.  The  bands  of  head  and  thorax  replaced  by  mere  dots; 
clypeus  with  a  white  line ;  a  macula  on  the  pleura  beneath  the 
wing  ;  anal  segment  with  2  white  dots  ;  the  3d  segment  beneath 
with  a  row  of  white  dots. 

Dilfers  from  M.  vcspoides  by  the  finer  punctuation,  not  rough 
clypeus,  not  carinated  labrum,  l)y  its  forehead  without  carina,  etc. 

JIab.  Rocky  Mountains,  Colorado  Territory. 


~4 


MASARIS. 


11 


Thirt  insect,  like  tiie  preceding,  was  discovered  liy  Mr.  Ridings. 
I  have  a  specimen  of  each  ot"  tho  three  species}  here  described 
tbruuiili  Mr.  Edw.  Norton 


Tribe  OUYNERIN.E/ 

(Solitary  Wasps.) 

Nails  of  the  tarsi  unidentato.  Clypeus  never  terminated  by  a 
tooth  ;  mandil)les  long,  prolonged  in  the  form  of  a  sharp  beak, 
or  truncate,  trenchant  or  dentate  ;  lip  lengtlienoJ,  often  very  long, 
always  quadrilid,  its  lateral  lobes  forming  long  proligs  separated 
even  to  its  base  and  articulate. 

In  general,  each  of  the  four  divisions  of  the  tongue  has  at  its 
extremity  an  opa<pie  horny  point;  but  in  some  cases  these  points 
disai)pear,  and  the  lobes  become  very  long,  linear  and  plumose 
{Syiuifjius). 

Antenna)  scarcely  clubbed,  lengthened,  simple  in  the  9  ;  ter- 
minated in  the  %  l)y  a  hook,  or  twisted  spirally  at  the  extremity, 
or  simple.  Eyes  strongly  emarginate ;  thorax  always  wide 
before  ;  mctathorax  not  prolonged. 

The  abdomen  is  (piite  variable,  but  i  'le  second  segment  is 
always  the  largest ;  those  following  are  retractile,  and  can  easily 
be  forced  back  into  the  second. 

The  solitary  wasps  have  not  the  habit  of  living  in  society,  and 
it  is  this  characteristic  which  establishes  the  principal  diiference 
between  the  Odynerina)  and  Yespina);  for  those  distinctions  which 
arc  drawn  from  their  organization  arc  not  of  much  conse(pienee, 
and  can  be  reduced  to  the  dilTerence  of  claws,  which  in  the  soli- 
tary wasps  are  armed  with  one  tooth,  and  are  simple  among  the 
social.  The  solitary  wasps  have,  in  fact,  more  carnivorous  in- 
stincts. Although  nourishing  themselves  by  sucking  flowers,  they 
attack  very  many  larva?,  spiders  or  other  animals,  to  provide  food 
for  their  offspring.    Their  larva)  are  carnivorous,  although  the  per- 


'  See  on  page  2  and  3  the  table  to  aid  in  distinguishing  the  Odynerinoe 
and  Vcspince, 


12 


nYMKVoI'TKIlA   (»F    AMKKICA. 


[I'AKT  I. 


feet  insects  austftiii  tliciiisolvcs  by  siu-kiiij^  vej^eliUioii.  'IMii'  Ody- 
iioriiiii;  ostiiljlisli  tliciriicsts  in  holes  in  wallis,  in  tlio  hollow  interior 
of  tin,'  steins  of  e(;rt,iiin  pliints,  or  in  Imljittitions  wliich  they  eon- 
strnet  in  the  open  air,  of  eluy  or  o*"  some  vegelul)ie  and  giininiy 
substanees,  Tlie  e;^;^s  deposited  in  these  nests  are  altuiidanlly 
provided  witli  larvic  or  insects  stupefied  and  reduced  to  a  slate 
of  living  inuinniies  l)y  the  elfeet  of  the  poison  of  the  mother. 
These  aninnils  so  inchtsed  are  incapable  of  defending  themselves, 
but  retain  snirn;ient  lifn  to  prevent  decomposition,  and  serve  fin* 
the  support  of  the  larvio  of  the  wasps.  Tiie  nests,  after  luiving 
been  provisioned,  are  carefully  closed  by  the  mother  with  clay, 
with  just  sullieient  covering  that  the  young  insect  can  pierce  it  to 
escape  when  it  has  undergone  its  lost  transformation. 

Certain  .  i)eeies  of  (hli/ncrimr  (Zethut^)  appear  to  manifest  a 
tendency  toward  social  hal)its ;  they  fn-ni  small  agglomerations 
of  nests  which  resemble  a  little  the  irregular  nests  of  humble 
bees  (Bombi(i^),  but  grou))ed  yet  more  c<Md'useilly.  But  there 
always  prevails  this  dilferenco  between  the  cells  formed  by  the 
social  and  those  made  by  the  solitary  Ilymenoptera  that  the  first 
have  a  cylindrical  inner  space,  while  the  .--(.cond  are  rather  ex- 
tciuled  masses  which  are  not  in  regular  juxtaposition,  so  that  they 
seem  more  like  spheres  and  ellipsoids  joined  together,  than  cells 
constructed  side  by  side  on  a  general  i)Ian.  In  other  words,  the 
solitary  species  never  seek  to  form  a  comb,  although  they  some- 
times form  agglomerations  of  colls.  The  most  j)art  of  them  do 
not  construct  these  rough  cells  one  upon  another,  but  disperse 
them  into  different  positions. 

I.  THE  ANOMALIPENNES. 

The  first  recurrent  nervurc  received  by  the  second  cubital  cell ; 
the  second  recurrent  nervure  received  by  the  third  cubital  cell. 

I.  Lip  extremchj  lengthened,  bent  back  under  the  stern  um  ;  man' 

diblcs  truncated  olAiquehj,  having  terminal  teeth. 

Genera:  Eapliiglossa  Saund. — Slenotjlossa  Sauss. 
Not  known  to  be  represented  in  America. 

II.  Lip  shorter ;  Mandibles  moderately  long,  sharp. 


OAYELLA — ZKTIILS. 


13 


Oen.  f;Al'i:LL/i  Spin 

Mandibles  forminj?  u  beak  liy  their  union;  '^Ijiul  palpi  com- 
posed of  four  articles;  nuixilhiry,  of  hix.  First  sej^nu !it  of  tlio 
abdomen  contracted  in  the  fonu  of  a  knob  or  an  iullutod  disk. 

1.  Gayella  euineiioitlcs  Spin. 

Gayilln  euiiwnnidea  SpiNoL.  Gay's  Fauna  Chik'na  (Hint,  flsiua  de  Chile), 
Zuol.  VI,  1851,  'Si3,  1,  pi.  ij,  fig.  2. — ^au^u.  Vedpidud,  I,  1852,  (J,  pi. 
viii,  flg.  4. 

Ilab.  Chili. 

II.  THE  NORMALIPENNES. 

The  two  recurrent  nervures  received  by  the  second  cubital 
cell. 

Legion  I.  The  Zethites. 

Mandibles  short,  obliquely  truncated  at  the  oxtrciuity,  with 
teeth  placed  on  the  oblique  border  of  the  truncation,  and  so  rather 
terminal  than  lateral  {cide  Saus.sure,  A'espides,  I,  id.  ii,  Ic,  oc; 
pi.  iii,  Ic,  3c)  ;  forming  by  their  union  an  obtuse  beak. 

Oen.  ZETHVS  Fabr. 

Mandibles  short,  obliquehj  truncated,  and  in  general  armed 
with  teeth  placed  on  the  oblique  terminal  l)order.  Lip  and  jaws 
lengthened;  labial  palpi  composed  of  3-4  not  feathery  articles; 
the  maxillary,  of  6. 

Head  large,  expanded,  in  general  wider  than  the  thorax,  dis- 
coidal  or  wider  than  long,  swelled  behind  tlie  eyes  and  cmarginato 
like  an  arc  of  a  circle  on  its  posterior  face,  Antennaj  inserted 
in  the  middle  of  its  height.  Clypcus  rounded  or  in  a  large 
square,  in  general  wider  than  long. 

Tlwrax  slightly  contracted  before,  sharply  truncated  on  its 
anterior  extremity,  so  that  there  is  a  space  in  the  form  of  a 
circle  between  the  head  and  anterior  border  of  the  prothorax ; 
this  last  generally  flanged,  carrying  a  crest  in  form  of  a  sharp 
plate  or  edge. 


14 


HYMENOPTEIIA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 

Abdomen  |K'tliouliiti! ;  tin;  firdt  scgmoiit  in  the  furin  of  a  pL'tiole, 
linear  iit  its  buso,  next  Inliated,  unti  linully  more  or  less  cou- 
truotcd  at  its  extremity,  wluoh  renders  the  inflation  globular  or 
elliptical.  Tlio  second  uegment,  iu  lurm  of  a  rounded  bell,  is 
often  |>edi(Milato. 

Si'juial  (Uj/'rrcnccH. — The  males  havo  tlio  elypous  transverse, 
quadrate,  broad.  Their  antennoj  are  terminated  either  by  alK)ok, 
or  by  a  spiral.'  The  females  have  the  antenna)  simple  and  tho 
clypcns  diseoidal,  ofteu  convex  or  lozenge-shaped,  transverse. 

Insects  American. 


This  genus  is  easily  recognized  by  its  peculiar  face,  its  trans- 
verso  clypeus,  large  head,  and  the  singular  form  of  its  abdomen." 

Among  the  Zcihus  tho  msuidibles  are  ([uite  short,  overlapping 
beneath  the  clypeus  ;  their  triturating  edge  is  terminal,  not  lateral 
as  among  the  J'Jumcninoe. 

The  size  of  the  head  is  such  that  tho  eyes  db  not  entirely 
cover  the  checks.  The  metathorax  has  such  variable  forms  that 
it  recalls  what  one  sees  in  the  '^'^ynerus;  one  can  always  here 
distinguish  two  lateral  ridges,  h  extend  from  the  base  of  the 

wing  to  the  insertion  of  tho  ^  ..,.ole,  as  in  certain  Odijnerus 
{IIojdopuH  or  Upipone). 

The  petiole  is  quite  variable.  Its  expansion  produces  a  form 
sometimes  globular,  sometimes  more  lengthened.  The  2d  abdomi- 
nal segment,  whether  subsessilo  or  long  pediculato,  has  the  form 
of  a  l)oll  or  compressed  oval.  It  is  dilated  suddcrdy  (globularly), 
or  gradually  (like  a  pear).  Its  posterior  border  always  presents 
two  distinct  foliations,  the  inferior  projecting  remarkably.     This 


'  It  is  not  possible  to  establish  a  definite  limit  between  these  two  forms: 
for  often,  with  the  hook,  tliere  al.so  commences  a  spiral.  Wlien  tlie  spiral 
is  very  distinct,  the  13th  article,  in  place  of  terminating  in  a  point  as  when 
it  forms  a  hook,  is  lengthened,  curved  and  obtuse.  (See  Saussure,  Vespi- 
des  I,  pi.  ii,  flg.  3,  d.) 

*  The  Zrthrnt  were  mostly  confounded  with  the  Eumenfs  np  to  the  time 
when  I  reunited  the  species  in  one  penus,  of  which  the  buooate  characters 
and  the  general  form  are  too  distinct  to  admit  of  any  confusion.  Bnt  I 
could  not  entirely  separate  from  the  genu5<  Eumfttpx,  some  species  which 
I  had  not  seen,  and  of  which,  even  as  wasps,  the  descriptions  were  incom- 
plete {E,  riifiiioda  Lep,  ;  E.  substricta  Hald.,  etc.). 


Z  Kill  IS. 


If) 


form  of  tlio  two  firrtt  scf^monts  recalls  Hpeciully  that  of  Lnr'ia 
(Sof'iul  Wasps), 

111  frriieral  with  Zillnis,  aljnvt'  all  ainoiij^  the  small  spocus,  the 
head  and  thorax  arc  crihrosc  with  coarst^  pmieture.s.  'I'Iicm;  some- 
tiuH'.s  extend  upon  the  petiole,  bnt  coiinnoiily  the  nietalhorux  in 
letis  piinetiired  and  the  alidoiueii  very  sinootli. 

Most  of  these  insects  arc;  cohtrcd  Ijluck  and  yellow;  Imt  the 
yellow  markings  arc  oiteii  wanting,  and  the  variations  are  very 


nunu.'roii.-i 


The  g-enus  Zi'lhus  is  particularly  interestini?  in  view  of  its 
zoological  afiinities.  In  fact,  iiero  the  head  Iteeoines  large  and 
excavatcfl  posteriorly,  us  in  the  Vft^pinee;  the  mandibles  are  short 
as  among  them;  and  one  remarks  a  certain  relationship  in  the 
appearance  or  some  resemblances  which  secMii  to  estalilish  an 
allinity  with  the  Social  Wasps;'-  while  in  the  construelion  of  the 
j)arts  of  the  thorax,  one  recognizee  some  trucos  of  the  forms  of 
the  (hli/nerinse  HCHailivenlres. 

Zi'lhus  seems  also  to  establish  a  lien  between  tlie  Othincrinse 
and  the  Social  Wasps  by  their  habits ;  for  the  ,^(7//»k,  nltlioiigh 
certainly  solii  ry  insects,  construct  nests  com))osed  of  iri'cgiihn' 
cells,  few  ill  number  but  agglomerated,  which  is  probably  a  pre- 
liminary step  in  the  series  toward  the  construction  of  numerous 
serried  and  regular  cells.     (See  Zclhus  Romandinus.) 

Even  with  all  the  gradations  of  form  which  we  observe  in 
passing  from  one  to  another  in  this  genus,  we  do  not  think  that 
one  can  divide  the  Zellius  into  more  genera.  Even  the  Asiatic 
type  Catlifjasfcr  seems  so  intimately  attached  to  Zcf/ius  that  wo 
can  scarcely  keep  it  separated  now  that  more  numerous  Asiatic 
species  arc  known. 

In  conclusion,  the  genus  Zelhus  is  «  very  numerous  American 
group,  peculiarly  abundant  in  the  intertropical  parts  of  this  con- 
tinent. In  the  United  States  it  is  represented  by  but  one  known 
species ;  while  in  Mexico  wo  find  a  very  great  number,  which 
seem  to  be  but  an  indication  of  a  very  much  greater  number  which 
must  exist  in  the  other  parts  of  tropical  America. 


'  From  my  ij^noraiice  of  this  fact,  I  rectret  having  pnbliahed  in  my  Mono- 
graphio  des  (liiepw?!  Solitaires,  descriptions  of  a  certain  number  of  species 
of  Zethus,  tlie  distinctions  of  which  are  founded  especially  on  the  distribu- 
tion of  colors. 

'  Bee  beloir,  the  divisioa  Zethus. 


16 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


This  circumstance'  promises  to  reuder  the  study  of  the  species 
exclusively  dillicult. 

Division  ZETHUS'  (sensu  strictiore). 
(Sauss.  Vespides  I,  9,  III,  115.) 

Second  abdominal  segment  subsossile  ;  expansion  of  the  petiole 
globular,  longthoned.  Thorax  moderately  lengthened.  Meta- 
thorax  convex,  presenting  two  rounded  convexities,  separated  by 
a  groove.  Antennte  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  s[)iral.  The 
fith  abdominal  segment  bearing  underneath  two  lamellar  appen- 
dages (copulative?).  Species  large,  having  a  feeble  sculpture, 
but  not  polished  and  with  a  dull  metallic  color. 

It  is  impossible  not  to  be  struck  with  the  resemljlancc  of  these 
insects  to  the  Sijiioeca.  The  same  form  of  head,  indented  be- 
hind, the  same  dull  metallic  color,  great  size,  pedieulate  abdomen, 
mandibles  almost  the  same  form,  etc. 

The  representatives  of  these  two  genera  inhabit  also  the  same 
countries  of  America.  There  is,  in  their  color  and  appearance, 
one  of  those  analogies  which  we  sometimes  find  impressed  upon 
insects  of  the  same  regions  of  our  glolje,'  and  this  seems  especi- 
ally one  of  those  openings  that  modern  zoology  should  carefully 
mark  as  suitable  to  cast  some  light  on  tho  relationship  of  species. 


1.  Z.  coerulcopeiinis'  Fabr. 

Vexpa  cu'riilcpennis  Fabu.  Ent.  syst.  Snppl.  2G3,  1798. 

Zethus  ctvntlicprnuis  Fabr.  S.  P.  282,  1.— Latr.  Gen.  IV,  137;  Eiicycl. 

pi.  39:?,  fig.  12, 13.— Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  9, 1 ;  Revue  Zool.  X,  1858,  04. 
Zethus  brasilimsis  Sacjss.  Vespides  1, 10,2,  J  ;  III,  115,  %  (prob.  variety 

of  this  species). 
Zethus  vKirpins  Sad.ss.  Vespides  I,  11,  4,  pi.  viii,  fig.  5,  % . 

Abdominis  petiole  globoso-clavato,  sulco  tennissinie  partite. 
Bab.   South  America,  Cayenne,  Para,  Brazil,  Quito. 


'  I  have  separated  from  this  division  a  certain  number  of  small  sjacies, 
whiali  have  very  much  the  same  form  of  abdomen,  but  which,  by  their 
clypeus  and  the  angular  form  of  the  metathorax,  find  a  more  natural 
place  in  the  division  Zilhusculus. 

*  The  Vespides  of  Chili  present  a  yet  mere  striking  example  of  tliis. 
See  below  Hijpodynerus, 

'  The  Ve»pa  surinama  LiXN.  (Omel.  V,  2759,  23),  is  either  this  species 
or  a  Synocca. 


ZETIIUS. 


17 


3.  Z.  recurvirostris  Dk  Gekr. 

Vespa  mexicana  Li.nn.  12,l':(lit.  053,  6.— Guv.  Eucyol.  Metb.  Ins.  VI,  U73. 

Vespa  recurvirostris  Dk  Gkku.  MC-iu.  Ill,  57i',  pi.  '2d,  fig,  4,  1773. 

Vispa  ci/anipenuis    Fadk.  Knt.  syst.  IT,  277,  Sd,  1703;  Pnlistrs    cynni. 

peniiis,  t3.  P.  275,  30. 
Zel/iiis  cyauipennis   Latu.  Genera,  IV,  138. — Ekicus.  Faun,  et  Flor.  Urit. 

(iuiana.  III,  5'JO. — .Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  12,  tj ;  III,  IIG;  Revue  Zool. 

X,  isr^s,  U3. 

Eumaies   ci/nnipennis  Latr.  Hist.  Crust,  et  Ins.  XII,  ^-Af). 
Xetliiix  lufjuhris  Fkuty,  Delect.  An.  Artie.  144,  \)\.  27,  liy.  4, 1830.— Sauss. 
Vespides,  I,  11,  5  ;  Revue  Zool.  X,  ISfjS,  G3. 

Clypeo  9  lato,  satis  rotuudato,  truncate ;  petiole  ovato-clavato,  nigro  vel 
rufo. 

Hab.  Brazil.     Does  not  seem  to  inhabit  Mexico. 

3.  Z.  clialybeus  Sauss. 

Zttlnis  chu/ijbxus  Sai.-.'ss.  Vespides,  I,  10,  3;  Revue  Zool.  X,  ISfjS,  03. 

Clypee  9  transverse,  rliomboidali,  utriuijue  acute  angulato,  apico  trun- 
cate, bidentato. 

JIab.  Brazil. 

4.  Z.  carbonarius  Smith. 

Zelhus  carbonarius  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vespid.  10,  f>. 

Ilab.  Brazil,  llivcr  Amazon. 


Division  HEROS, 
(Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  115.) 

Clypous  lozongo-pli'ipod,  transverse,  forming  on  each  sido  a 
sharp  lateral  angle;  aljdomen  depressed,  its  second  segment  sub- 
"Sessile,  enlarging  gradually.      Head  .swollen  at  vertex,  and  con- 
vex.   Ocelli  arranged  upon  a  very  oblique,  almost  vertical  plane. 

f.    5.  Z.  gigas  Spin. 

Zelhus  gitjas  Sim.nola,  Ann.  Sec.  Ent.  Fr.  X,  1841,  129,  80. — Sauss.  Ves- 
pides, I,  12,7;  Ip.  111,115. 
Calligaster  lieros  Sauss.'  Vespides,  I,  23,  1,  J,  pi.  ix,  fig.  (5,  1852. 


'  This  name  was  given  by  De  Haan  ;  but  it  is  a  collentivo  name,  and 
after  having  cited  Ilaan,  for  satisfaction,  in  the  description  of  the  species, 
wo  here  suppress  tbe  name  ;  considering  that  we  do  not  recognize  the  col- 
lective name,  as  we  have  said  elsewliere,  <ind  do  not  wish,  by  setting  au 
example,  to  preserve  it. 
2 


18 


IIYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Ilah,   South  America.     Cayenne. 

This  typo  has  very  much  the  form  of  Zdhusculus,  on  the  part 
of  its  clypeus,  and  yet  this  form  of  clypcus  appears  in  Z.  spinipes. 

Division  ZETHUSCULUS  SAuae. 
(Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  15  ;  III,  118.) 

Second  abdominal  segment  subsessile,  or  briefly  pcdiculate  (the 
pedicle  having  at  most  a  quarter  the  length  of  the  segment). 
Petiole  lengthened,  its  inflation  variable. 

Species  small,  ornamented  with  black  and  yellow. 

Tiie  insects  of  this  group  often  have  the  clypeus  armed  with 
two  little  separated  teeth  ;  this  part  is  in  general  moderately 
rounded,  but  is  at  times  lozenge-shaped,  as  in  the  division  Ueros, 
with  the  lateral  angles  sharp  (Z.  spinipes)  ;  the  head  and  thorax 
arc  cribroso  with  great  punctures,  often  rugose — the  vertex  offer- 
ing frequently  a  corrugation  which  includes  the  antennae.  The 
thorax  is  generally  short,  and  at  times  strongly  angulate;  the 
mctathorax  in  particular  is  sometimes  convex  as  with  the  true 
Zdhus,  and  at  times  1)ecomes  angulate.  The  lateral  ridges  are 
very  distinct  and  the  flanks  beneath  arc  smooth,  compared  with 
the  rest  of  the  thorax.  The  posterior  face  of  the  metathorax  is 
convex,  having  two  convexities  or  moderately  flattened  eleva- 
tions, always  velvety,  less  punctured  than  the  rest  of  the  thorax, 
and  in  general  covered  with  stria3  or  wrinkles,  silky  upon  the 
dividing  groove.  Sometimes  the  posterior  face  of  the  metathorax 
is  concave  and  offers  under  the  post-scutel  a  little  excavation, 
which  recalls  what  one  sees  among  certain  Odt/neiinse.  One 
often  perceives,  also,  two  longitudinal  carina?  which  start  from  the 
angles  of  the  post-scutel.'  When  these  carina)  become  enlarged, 
they  produce  ridges  which  border  the  cavity  (Z.  miniatus). 

The  petiole  is  quite  variable;  sometimes  the  knob  is  elliptical 
and  depressed,  but  more  often  the  swelling  is  moderately  cylin- 
drical ;  at  first  somewhat  large,  it  then  diminishes  in  size  gradu- 
ally to  the  extremity.  In  fine,  it  inclines  to  the  campanular  form, 
whether  lengthened  pyriform,  or  clubbed  and  calling  to  mind  the 
Eumenes  or  even  tubular  ;  but  the  other  characters  always  suffice 


'  When  I  flay:  metathorax  hioarinate,  it  i»  meant  that  the  cariiiie  exist 
on  tlie  posterior  face  of  tlie  metatliorax  ;  for  as  the  lateral  edgpH  or  ridges 
are  found  on  all  the  species,  I  do  not  mention  them  in  the  descriptions. 


ZETHUS. 


W 


to  enable  one  to  distinguish  these  exceptional  species  from  the 
Eumenes  (viz.  :  the  clypous  transverse  and  not  longitudinal,  the 
mandibles  truncate  and  not  tapering,  the  head  eniargiiiiite  beiiind). 
Tiie  petiole  is,  in  general,  less  strongly  punctured  than  the  thorax, 
more  strongly  than  the  abdomen. 

Among  the  species  of  this  division  the  antenna;  of  the  males 
are  terminated,  sometimes  by  a  rolled-up  spiral,  sometimes  by  a 
hook.  They  form,  in  this  way,  two  parallel  series,  based  upon 
this  character;  in  each  one  of  them  one  sees  the  second  abdominal 
segment  at  one  time  subsessile  and  at  another  becoming  more  and 
more  pediculatc.  These  two  series  continue  in  the  Didymcgastra. 
The  two  forms  of  antenna;  combine  with  all  the  degrees  of  pro- 
longation of  the  abdomen,  thus  showing  that  the  character  drawn 
from  the  manner  of  termination  of  the  antenna;  is  not  of  any 
generic  value. 

As  the  most  of  the  insects  of  this  genus  are  not  well  described 
in  my  "  Etudes  sur  la  Famille  des  Vespides"  I  will  here  give  a 
diagnosis  of  the  species  of  Meridional  America  which  I  have 
before  my  eyes : — 

A.  Antennae  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  rolling-up  spiral. 

a.  Petiole  presenting  a  nodulous  or  ovoid  expansion. 

6.  Z.  arietis  Fabb. — Niger,  capite  et  thorace  valde  cribratis.  Clypeus 
cribratus,  integer,  apice  subtruncatus.  Pronotum  vix  carinato-margi- 
natum;  luetaiiotam  minus  rugosum,  sericeuni,  iu  medio  excavatum, 
striatum.  Petioli  tumor  baud  nodosus,  elongatua  ut  in  Z.  Wcstwoodi , 
at  augustinr,  uitidus,  teiiuiter  punctatus  ;  abdominis  2m  segmeutum 
paulum  (sed  distincte)  petiolatum,  elongatum,  ovato-dilatatum  (non 
globoso-dilatatum  ut  in  Z.  s/nnipeile,  Weslwoodi,  etc.).  Petiolus  et  pedes 
rufi ;  alas  iufuscatse  cyauese ;  '^  autenuis  subtus  apicem  versus  fulvis. 
Longit  0.017. 

Vespa  arietis  Fabb.  Eut.  Syst.  II,  1793,  282,— Oliv.  Encycl.  Metb.  Ins. 

II,  67G. 
Polistes  arietis  Fadr.  Syst.  Piez.  280,  50. 
Zethus  arietis  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  14,  11 ;  Rovue  Zool.  X,  1858,  64. 

Hab.  Brazil. 


7.  Z.  ruflnodiis  Latb. 
Eumenes  rujinoda  Latr.  Genera,  IV,  1809,  137,  pi.  xiv,  fig.  5. — Sauss. 

Vespide.s,  I,  42,  19. 
Zethus  ri{/inodus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  118,  4,  pi.  vi,  fig.  3,  9> 


20 


IIYMENOPTEKA   Off   AMEIUCA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


May  bo  a  variety  of  the  precediug. 
Hab.  Antilles. 

8.  Z*  piriformis  Spin. —  9*  Ater,  nitidus,  punctatus,  scd  uihiloininus 
politus ;  clypeo  et  fronte  planatis;  lUo  apice  subeiuargiiialo,  uiaigiiio 
punctato,  de  reliquo  Ipevi,  substiiato ;  pronoto  valde  cii.stato-iiiargiiiato, 
sed  liaud  bidoutato,  poatacutello  et  inetauoto  velutiiiis,  argenteo-seriueirf, 
hoc  parum  striate,  supra  utriiujue  Ijevi;  petiolo  ovato-iuUato,  iiitido, 
puuctulato,  margine  Ihivo-liiubato ;  secuudi  segrnenti  margine  subja- 
ceute  producto ;  reliqiiis  valde  punctatis ;  anteniiis  subtus  apicem  versus 
I'errugiuesceutibus ;  alia  hyaliiiis,  eosta  aiiguste  nigra;  cellula  2' 
cubitali  trigonali.LougitO.UlT. — Variatsecuudo  segmeuto  llavo-limbato. 

Zellius  piriformis  Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  X,  1841, 135. — Sauss.  Vespides, 

I,  15,  12. 
Zethus  binodis  Sauss.  (per  errorem)  Vespides,  I,  pi.  viii,  fig.  8. 

Hab.  Cayenne. 

This  species  is  remarkable  for  its  body  appearing  smooth, 
although  punctured,  having  the  punctures  apparently  effaced.  I 
cannot  say  with  certainty  if  this  is  really  the  species  described 
by  Spinola.  The  2d  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  swelled  suddenly, 
and  globular,  a  character  which  distinguishes  this  Zethus  horn  Z. 
fraternus. 

9.  Z.  fraterniis  Sahss. — Niger,  punctatiis;  pnnctis  2  frontalibus 
I^avis.  Prouotum  paulum  cristato-marginatum.  Scutellum  convexum, 
suico  partituui.  Metauotum  minus  punctatuoi,  sericeum,  clunibus 
2  convexis,  sulco'profuudo  sejunctis  et  utrinque  carina  verticali  spatium 
striatum  marginante  instructis  (nou  sunt  illse  carina)  Laterales  met,\noti, 
sed  faciei  postica;).  Petiolus  ovatus,  sat  brevis,  punctatus,  ma.'gine 
flavo ;  abdominis  secundum  segmcntum  distincte  potiolatum,  ovato-dila- 
tatum.     Alje  infuscatse,  costa  nigra,  apice  et  postice  parum  obscurje. 

■J  .  Clypeus  in  dimidia  parte  inferiore  flavus  margine  infero  recto,  dentHms 
2  distantibus  nigris ;  antennm  subtus,  apicem  versus  tlavje.    Longit  0.016. 

Zethus  fratcrnus  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  1(5,  14,  1852;  Revue  Zool.  X,  1858, 
163. 

Hab.  Brazil  (lower  provinces).    Typus  in  museo  Saussuriano. 

The  swelling  of  the  petiole  is  a  little  flattened,  and  wider  than 
in  Z.  piriformis ;  the  second  segment  is  more  briefly  pediculate, 
more  gradually  swelled  and  less  globular.  The  body  is  more 
strongly  punctured. 


ZETllUS. 


21 


10.  Z.  Westwoodi  Sai-ss. — Niger,  capite  et  tliorace  giosse  fomininatp- 
cribiatirf ,  uietar.oto  argeiiteo-sericeo ;  alidouiiiie  valde  aureo-sericeo; 
petioli  auipliatioiio  ovuta,  elongata,  haml  clavata;  secinulo  .segmento 
petiohito ;  prouoti  inargiuu,  luacula  subalari,  suutulli.s,  ut  abd.  segniun- 
torum  1-2  uiargiiio,  tlavis;  alia  iiifuscatis  ;  J  clypeo  integro  utiiu4Uo 
niargine  llavo  ;    ^  clypeo  Uavo,  auteiiuis  subtus  et  eoohlea  fulvis. 

Zillius   Wcslwuodi  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  1852,  ItJ,  15;  III,  pi.  vi,  Cg.  2,  9. 
Total  leugth,  18  luiu.  ;  wiug,  13  lum. 

9.  Clypcus  polygonal,  ciitiro,  covered  with  coarse  ]niiictiires ; 
its  inferior  border  a  little  truncated  and  retrousse.  Head  and 
thorax  covered  with  coarse  crihriforin  punctures;  on  the  forehead 
a  feeble  transverse  depression,  and  above  the  insertion  of  each  of 
the  antennic  a  vertical  medial  depression  extending  to  the  clypeus. 
J'rothorax  angulate;  its  anterior  border  edged  jjy  a  crest  in  form 
of  a  vertical  lamina.  Post-scutel  unarmed.  Metathorax  rounded, 
smooth,  hairy,  with  little  or  no  punctuation,  and  covered  with  a 
silky  down,  in  color  strongly  .silvery  or  a  little  golden  ;  its  exca- 
vation has  its  u[)per  edges  moderately  distinct;  the  lateral  edges 
of  the  metathorax  i)romincnt.  Petiole  smooth,  shining,  golden, 
like  the  abdomen:  the  linear  part  almost  naked,  the  expansion 
much  lengthened,  oval,  occupying  most  of  its  length,  a  little 
s\vell(!d  al)ove.  The  remainder  of  the  abdonusn  shining,  distinctly 
golden,  garnished  with  a  silky  pile,  having  cuprens  reflections. 
Second  segment  ovate-globular,  pedieulate,  the  pedicle  occupying 
a  fifth  of  the  length  of  the  segment;  the  part  swelled  (or  the 
bell),  wider  than  long,  but  less  wide  than  the  length  of  segment; 
the  secoi. .  leaf  of  its  border  very  prominent. 

Insect  black;  on  each  side  of  the  clypeus  an  oval  spot,  two 
dots  nbove  the  insertion  of  the  antenmc,  nuirgin  of  the  prothorax, 
a  spot  under  the  wing  and  scutels,  yellow  or  orange.  A  border 
of  this  color  occupies  the  margin  of  the  two  first  segments;  that 
of  the  first  extending  along  the  sides  of  the  petiole  (these  mark- 
ings are  liable  to  be  wanting,  i)articularly  on  the  head  and  the 
prothorax).  The  remainder  of  the  abdonien  and  the  second 
margin  of  the  second  segnumt,  ferruginous.  Antenna;  and  legs 
black.  Wings  smoky,  the  anterior  borders  brown  with  a  violet 
reflection.     Wing  scales  yellow  or  brown. 

The  %  as  large  as  9 ;  clypeus  yellow,  slightly  bidentate  (a 
third  hardly  perceptible  tooth  between  the  two  laterals).  Fla- 
gellum  of  the   antenna)  yellow  beneath,   especially  under   the 


22 


IIYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


terminal  bend,  which  is  soraetitnes  entirely  tawny.  The  yellow 
or  tawny  border  of  the  prothorax  is  interrupted  by  some  blaek 
points  in  both  sexes. 

Var.  Size  small,  13  mill.     Prothorax  black. 

liess.  a.  dijf. — Approaching  to  Z.  aztecus,  but  very  distinct 
by  the  pedicle  of  the  second  segment  being  sensibly  longer ;  by 
the  petiole,  of  which  the  inflation  is  more  lengthened,  which  does 
not  form  any  prominence  above  and  which  is  not  strongly  punc- 
tured. 

Hab.  The  hot  regions  of  the  gulf  side  of  Mexico.     Tampico. 

N.  B. — The  type  from  which  I  first  described  this  species,  /.  /., 
has  the  "etiquette"  i'efion  de  los  Bafios,  a  locality  of  the  valley 
of  Mexico  (cold  regie  y.  This  sliould  bo  an  error  of  the 
"etiquette,"  for  I  have  myself  taken  this  species  in  the  region 
approaching  the  hotter  zone  of  Mexico. 

11.  Z.  Jurinei  Sadss. — Gracilis,  niger,niti(liis  ;  capiteetthorace  tenui- 
ter  puuctatis  (punctis  quasi  obliteratis)  ;  hoc  iiitido,  metaiioto  brevi,  albi- 
dosericeo,  planato.  Petiolns  ovatus,  valde  dilatatus  »t  niaxime  deprensus, 
nitidus,  vis  punctatus  ;  secundum  abdom.  segineulum  basi  petiolatum, 
dein  globoso-dilatatum,  ut  petiolus  nitidissimuui ;  segmenta  reliqua 
punctata.  Pronoti  uiargo,  macula  subalaiis  et  tegularum  limbus  poiiti- 
cus,  puncta  2  in  scutello,  maculte  2  lotundatie  in  metanoti  parte  imina, 
flava;  al)d.  segmentorum  limbus  teuuissime  albidus  vel  flavu3.  Alie 
infuscatiB.     Longit,  0.015  mm. 

%  .  Clypeus  flavus,  sericeus,  superne  niger,  et  margino  tenuissime  nigro, 
subbidentato;  antbiinsB  subtus  apicem  versus  fulvaj. 

5  .  Clypeus  integer  subtruncatus,  uiger,  subljevis. 

Zethus  Jurinei  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  1852,  15, 13;  III,  118;  Revue  Zool.  X, 
1858,  162. 

Hab.  Antilles?  South  America.  Caracas.  (Typus  in  museo 
Genevensi  et  Saussuriano.) 

13.  Z.  nigricorilis  n.  sp. — Nigerrimus,  nitidns,  punctnlatus ;  meta- 
thoraceet  abdomine  cinereo-sericeis  ;  abdominis  petioli  margine  et  linea 
Bubmarginali  angusta  2<  segment!,  sulfureis ;  alis  infumatis,  costa  nigra  ; 
9  antennis  et  clypeo  planato  nigris,  %  clypeo  albido,  margine  tenuiter 
nigro ;  aiiteunarum  flagello  subtus  albido-annulato ;  tibiis  intermediis 
linea  albidaornatis. 

5  %  .  Total  length  15  mill. ;  wing  10  mm. 

The  same  form  and  sculpture  as  Z.  aztecus.  Jet  black,  im- 
maculate, having  'only  the  yellow  border  of  the  petiole  and  a  very 


ZETHUS. 


28 


fino  submarginal  sulphur-yclluw  lino  on  the  2(1  segment.  The 
unteiuiai  qiiito  black. 

% .  C\y [)vv^Jlullencd,  only  dclicatL'ly  punctutc-strigatc,  a  littlo 
trilobcd  in  iho  middle  of  its  inferior  miirgin;  metulliurtix  not  so 
nineli  hollowed  posteriorly;  a  liltlo  Klriyato  on  sides;  the  exca- 
vation not  margined  at  top  ;  the  lateral  cariniu  very  sharp  and 
prolonged  nearly  down  to  the  end,  not  obsolete  beyond  tliu  angle  ; 
the  lateral  faces  polished.  The  swelling  of  the  pet ule  not  so 
oval,  but  more  attenuated  posteriorly ;  the  second  segment  more 
pedieulate,  so  that  it  might  bo  almost  classed  in  the  Division 
Did>jmo(jadra. 

The  body  i.s  not  clothed  with  golden  silky  \\cav,  but  only  with 
a  little  grayish  pulicscence  on  the  metathoraM  and  abdomen ;  the 
face  or  clyi)eus  not  silvery  as  in  Z.  azterus. 

%.  Antenmc  black;  all  the  joints  of  the  flagollum  aiumlated 
beneath  at  their  base  with  pale-yellow;  the  first  joint  having  its 
)iiacu]a  noar  the  end  ;  the  scape  black.  Clyjieus  broad,  (Miad- 
rangidar,  transverse,  whitish-yellow,  not  silvery;  its  inferior  edge 
black,  widely  emarginate,  with  2  distant  ♦ecth.  The  intermediate 
tibiie  ornamented  before  with  a  white  line,  running  over  the  first 
joint  of  the  tarsi. 

Hub.  Mexico,  the  eastern  Cordillera.  Orizaba  (Mr.  Sumi- 
chrast). 

This  species  has  the  appearance  of  Z.  Jurinei,  because  of  its 
oval  petiole  being  posteriorly  attenuated,  and  its  black  shining 
color,  but  it  is  smaller ;  its  petiole  is  not  impunctate,  polished, 
etc. 

6.  Swelling  of  the  petiole  cylindrical. 
*  iletathorax  not  excavated. 

13*  Z*  Heydeni  n.  sp. — Niger,  punctatus,  tomento  aureo  ubique  ves- 
titus ;  pronoto  cristato-margiiiato,  sed  aiigulis  haud  spiuosio ,  petioli 
tnmore  cylindrico,  subdepresso ;  oorpore  maxiuiH  flavo-variegats ; 
al'doininis  segmentis  omiiibua  tenuiter  flavo-liuitiati:^ ;  pedibus  flavis, 
femorilius  nigro-variis  ;  alls  pellucidis,  venis  ferrugiiieis. 

%,  Maiidibiiliri  et  clypeo  flavis  ;  boc  in  medio  luar'^iue  producto-truncato ; 
anltnnisfulvis  sub  scapo  I'a.scia  flava,  apiuo  cochleatis. 

Total  leugth,  16  uim.  ;  wing,  11  lum. 

9.  Insect  slender.     Head  wider  than  high,  densely  cribrose. 
Thorax  densely  cribrose;   prothorax  Btro.igly  flanged,  but  the 


24 


HYMENOl'TEllA   OF    AMERICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


anjrlos  not  spiny;  post-scutcl  feebly  J)ilul)atc;  luftalliunix  oori- 
vox,  slightly  ilividoil  by  a  simple  fiirruw,  strongly  wrinkled — its 
lateral  edges  Hliar[»ly  carinate.  I'otiolo  of  moderate  length,  its 
enlargement  not  being  oval  but  in  form  of  a  tube  slightly  flat- 
tened, a  little  compressed  behind,  punctured;  the  remainder  of 
the  abdomen  pear-shaped,  the  2d  segment  bell-shaped,  a  little 
pediculate,  slightly  funnel-shaped,  oll'ering  a  second  distinct 
border,  not  turned  up  at  edge. 

The  whole  insect  of  a  shining  black,  everywhere  garnished  with 
a  pile  of  tawny  hair;  a  transverse  spot  on  the  forehead,  sinus  of 
the  eyes,  a  spot  behind  each  eye,  a  large  border  on  the  prothorax, 
a  spot  under  the  wmg,  wing  scales,  two  spots  on  the  scutelluni, 
a  band  on  the  post-seutel,  and  two  large  spots  on  the  posterior 
face  of  the  nietathorax,  yellow.  8egmeiits  of  the  abdomen  all 
luirrowly  bordered  with  yellow;  legs  yellow,  thighs  varied  with 
black.     Wings  transparent,  nervurcs  ferruginous. 

%.  Clypeus  yellow,  convex,  terminated  by  a  truncate  projec- 
tion; mandibles  yellow;  antenna}  enlirehj  orange,  or  ferruginous, 
only  a  little  dull  above;  the  scape  marked  with  a  yellow  lino; 
the  3  last  articles  forming  a  rolled  spiral. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  distinguished  by  the  color  of 
its  antenna),  and  especially  by  the  form  of  its  petiole.  This  form 
rcsendjles  a  little  that  of  Z.  miniatus,  but  that  nas  the  angles  of 
tho  prothorax  dentiform  and  the  petiole  more  cylindric  and 
coarsely  cribrose. 

The  Z.  Heydeni  is  much  less  coarsely  cribrose  than  the  Z. 
Aztecus,  Westivoodi,  or  chri/soj}ie7'us,  which  it  slightly  roscnddes ; 
and  the  exceptional  form  of  the  clypeus,  %,  also  distinguishes  it 
clearly :  for  with  these  species  the  clypeus  is  large,  cpjadrnte,  tho 
same  as  with  the  Z.  Jurhiei,  which  is  less  punctured  and  has  the 
wings  obscure.  The  enlargement  of  the  petiole  is  also  very  much 
more  glob  ilar  than  among  all  these  species. 

Finally,  this  Zethua  might  be  confounded  with  some  one  of 
those  species  described  by  Smith,  and  which  we  cite  at  the  end 
of  the  genus;  but  tho  author  having  omitted  to  indicate  divisions 
into  which  these  species  enter,  or  the  characters  which  permit  one 
to  classify  them  with  precision,  it  is  not  possible  to  recognize 
them  with  certainty.  The  Z.  carinalus  presents  much  the  same 
appearance,  but  it  is  very  much  smaller. 

JIab.  Brazil.     (Museum  of  Senkenberg.) 


ZETHUS. 


ii.) 


This  charming  iu.soct  was  coiiiumiiicatt'cl  to  inc  by  Mr.  Uo 
Iloyden. 

*•  Metathorax  excavated  ;  the  fxcnrntinn  maryinid  loitli  iKarp  carina. 
t  Thiirax  tttort,  ijudilratH  or  roitmlnl, 

14»  Z.  OlmecilS  n.  sp. — Nii,'er,  tliornci'  crasse,  metanoto  orassiswme 
foveolato-puiictato ;  metanoto  valde  excavato,  acutissiino  cariii.Uo ; 
petioli  tuinore  cyliiidrico,  rngosirisiino,  cariiiato ;  iiiaiidiliulis,  clypt'", 
punctis  2  froiitalilnis,  2  scutelli  nt  2  post-scutt'lli,  inaiu'iiiiMjnH  SHiiinpii 
tonim  1',  2',  llavis  ;  pronoto  rufo-niaculato ;  femoribus  posticis  suhde- 
formibus. 

Total  length,  11  mill. ;  wiug,  8  mm. 

9.  Smaller  than  most  of  the  prcct'ding'.  Head  nio(l<'rato, 
covered  with  scattered  moderate  punctures.  Maiidil)lcs  widened 
to  beyond  the  middle;  the  cutting  border  oljlicpie,  having  an 
acute  point,  a  rounded  tooth,  and  an  obtuse  lobe.  No  transverse 
carina  above  the  antenna;.  The  vertex  having  a  little  arcuate 
dei)rcssion  behind  the  ocelli.  Thora.x  short;  i)rothorax  attenuated 
anteriorly;  its  anterior  border  crested,  the  crest  forming  on  each 
side  a  little  acute  but  not  marginal  angle,  the  antt-rior  nmrgin 
being  much  narrower  than  the  rest  of  the  tliomx;  the  lateral 
parts  of  pronotum  not  margined.  Scutel  rather  salient;  j)ost- 
seutel  destitute  of  tubercles,  quite  truncate,  having  a  j)osterior 
face,  punctate  along  its  superior  arcuated  margin.  Aietatliorax 
quite  angular  in  shape,  as  in  some  OJi/nerus;  its  whole  posterior 
face  occupied  by  a  large  and  deep  sericeous  excavation  margined 
by  very  sharp  and  prominent  carina),  starting  from  the  angles  of 
the  post-scutel ;  the  top  of  the  carina)  separated  from  the  post- 
scutel  by  a  fissure  ;  the  inferior  extremity  of  the  posterior  carinae 
meeting  the  lateral  sharp  carinoe,  and  forming  with  theni  a  sharp 
angle ;  the  upper  side  of  metathorax  divided  into  two  triangles 
included  between  the  carime.  The  thorax  covered  with  very  largo 
but  not  deep  punctures;  still  larger  on  the  metanotum,  where  they 
are  nearly  little  gro'^ves.  >tiole  having  its  swelling  cylindrical, 
extremely  coarsely  punctured,  the  piinctures  very  large  and  con- 
fluent; the  middle  somewhat  carinated  by  the  rough  sculpture, 
the  extremity  a  little  contracted  and  with  a  large  groove ;  on 
each  side  in  the  middle  an  obsolete  sort  of  a  tooth ;  the  anterior 
extremity  of  the  swelling  truncate,  polished.  Second  segment 
subsessile,  convex  beneath  at  base,  but  not  tuberculous;  tenuously 


36 


IIYMKNOPTKRA   OP   AMKUICA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


piitietiirt'd,  Imt  not  inoro  on  its  iiiur},'iri  tliau  elscwhorc  ;  the  third 
isejiftiutiit  (loii.sL'ly  piiin'tiitc;  tlif  (ollowiiig  iiiiiniiiclured  ;  t lie  first 
iiiar;,'iii  of  tlie  2d  a  little  arcimfe  and  deprossod  in  the  middle; 
the  second  liiMicllar  niurj^in  of  lM  and  od  srfrnuiit  fjrowing  a  littlo 
wider  on  the  .sides;  that  of  the  ^d  rather  transversely  cut  out  in 
the  nnddle  third.     Posterior  til)iie  urcuutcd,  a  little  defornu^d. 

JJIack,  with  a  very  dull  silky  relleelion,  rather  fulvous.  Mouth, 
mandihles,  and  dypeus,  yellow,  a  little  orange,  or  reddish  at  top 
of  elypeurf.  Seape  and  the  end  of  (lagelluin  beneath,  yellow i>b 
or  tawny.  Two  tspots  over  the  antenna-,  two  lines  on  the  vertex 
starting  from  the  eyes,  and  tW(j  lines  behind  the  eyes,  not  marginal, 
tawny.  JJotii  nnirgins  of  i)rothora.\  and  two  spots  on  the  lateral 
inargin.s  of  seutellum,  yellowish-tawny ;  two  spots  on  the  edges 
of  post-scutel,  the  margin  of  petiole  and  a  narrow  yellow  sub- 
marginal  line  on  the  second  segn)ent,  yellow;  aiitericn-  feet  more 
or  les.s  ferruginous  or  yellow-tawny  l)eneath.  Wing.s  subhyaline  ; 
veins  brown  ;  2d  cubital  cell  lengthened  at  base  (ou  the  bide 
looking  to  the  base  of  the  wing). 

9.  Clypcua  rounded,  densely  and  strongly  punctured;  a  little 
velutinous  ;  its  inferior  margin  areiuite,  not  truncate;  nor  cmargi- 
nate;  its  summit  a  little  carinate.  The  head  beneath  and  around 
the  mouth,  post-sternum  and  anterior  coxie,  sulphur-yellow. 

%.  Clypcus  a  littlo  wider,  having  the  same  shape  and  color  as 
in  the  9.  The  oblique  cutting  border  of  mandibles  with  but  2 
littlo  notches.  Antenna;  tawny  beneath ;  the  last  two  joints  obtuse, 
forming  nearly  a  hook.  Anterior  tiI)iiTe,  tarsi,  and  thighs  beneath 
ferruginous;  intermodiato  tibia;  beneath  and  1st,  2d,  and  3d  joints 
of  the  tarsi  beneath  yellow ;  the  3d  segment  slightly  margined 
with  yellow. 

Var.   Prothorax  black,  with  its  angles  and  two  marks,  tawny, 

Ildh.  ^lexico.  The  Oriental  Cordillera.  Orizaba  (Mr,  Sumi- 
chrast). 

7iV,>s.  a.  diff. — This  is  a  very  distinct  species  in  the  remarka- 
ble form  of  its  metathorax  and  the  rugosities  of  its  petiole ;  quite 
different  from  all  other  Mexican  Zelkas,  except  from  vhipe.alus. 
It  differs  by  its  more  excavated  metathorax,  the  excavation  being 
polished  and  more  carinated,  and  by  its  prothorax,  more  rounded 
anteriorly,  not  square  shaped  nor  crested  on  the  sides  ;  by  its 
rougher  petiole,  carinated  in  the  middle,  etc.  It  has  such 
an  extraordinary  resemblance  to  Z.  viiniatus  that  it  might  be 


ZKTIILS.  27 

coiisitlercd  a  Mexican  variety  of  tiiis  ;  but  it  lias  the  iiuui(lil)ies  a 
little  less  indented,  tlie  petiole  a  little  tliieker  and  shorter;  the 
laiuelltt  of  3d  sej^nieiit  less  out  out ;  and  a  less  high  coloration. 

Jt  approaches  in  the  same  way  toward  Z.  hhii/nlus. 

It  (lill'ers  \'n)n\  Z.  (oHt'cvii\)y  its  bliort  thorax,  the  carina'  of 
metuthorax  which  converLre  on  each  «ide  to  a  sharp  angle,  etc. 

Its  appearance  is  that  of  a  trne  Ztlhu,<. 

JIab.  Mexico.  The  Oriental  Cordillera,  Orizaba  (Mr.  Suiui- 
chrast). 

15.  Z.  miniatlis'  Sauss. — ParvulnH,  niger,  caput  el  thorax  mediocriter 
pioluiide  imiictata;  inoiiotum  urislato-marginatuiu,  angulis  Hi)iniforuii- 
bus  ;  iiie.souoti  di-scus  sulois  2  profuiidis  brevil)U«  e  .sciUnllo  enifrgeiiti- 
\)\\4  iiotatus  ;  post-sciitt-lluin  aii^'iilatuin,  ui.irgiue  postieo  .subcom;avo,  et 
in  latt-ribus  cristulis  2  (ut  deiitibus  o  scutelli  angulis  eini.ssis)  in- 
stiuetuui ;  metauotum  fenugiiiHum  nuixime  cecavatuiit,  utiiiujue  crista 
verticali  e  post-scutelli  angulis  eniissa  iiistructiiii! ;  petiolus  cyliiidricus 
riiijoslssime  crihratns;  si'c-iuido  scgniento  glolxiso-dilatato,  sub.-<c.ssile. 
Caput  fulvo  sericeuin,  auiantiacuni,  froiite  iiigro;  niandibulis  «t  aiiteii- 
iiis  anrautiacis ;  ])roiiotuin,  niaculie  subaiarea  et  scutellares,  aurantiaca; 
abd.  segmenta  tenuissime  flavo-liiubata;  aim  secuiiduii"  uostaiii  iiifus- 
catse  ;  pedes  anlici  et  iiiteriiiedii  aurantii.     Longit,  O.oll  uii,\. 

Clypeus  9  discoidalis,  %  subtruncatus ;  in  utroque  sexu  aurautiacua. 
Autenuae  'J,  apice  vix  cochleatre. 

Ztthus  miniatua  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.  X,  ISIjS,  64. 
JJnl).  Para.    (Typus  in  luusco  Saussurlauo.) 

16.  Z.  lobiilattis  Sacss. 

Zcihus  lobulatus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  IIG,  2,  pi.  vi,  fig.  4,  J,  1854. 

Hab.  Brazil.     Amazon. 


•ft  Thorax  elongate,  attenuated  anteriorly,  elUptieal. 

11^.  Z.  Tolteciis  11.  .tip. — Niger,  cinereo-sericeus,  punctnlatus  ;  tborace 
flongato,  depresso,  autice  attenuato  ;  nietanoto  orassissime  foveolato- 
puiictato,  4-eariuato,  foveola  quadralH,  inter  carinas  instructo;  pi'tiolo 
cylindrico,  rugosissimo  ;  2^  segnieiito  subtus  basi  tul)ert^ulat() ;  clypeo 
transverso,  rotundato  ;  autennis  subtus,  mandibulis,  capite  subtus,  linea 


'  Perhaps  a  variety  of  the  following,  with  the  second  cubital  cell  less 
retracted,  bi  this  the  excavation  of  the  border  of  the  Second  segment 
was  probably  due  to  au  accident  of  nature. 


• 

• 

28                                        llYMKN<tl'TKllA    UF    AMKUII'A.                        [I'AItT  I. 

poat-iicninri,  pnnctin  2  proiioti  ct  ticiitt'lli,  Jiiarnliit*  nbdoiniiiirt  segnuMi- 

toi'Uiii  l->,  -^,  coxi.H  iwlil)iis(|iii)  aiiticis,  lliivis.      '^  . 

TulitI  luiigth,  12  mm.;  viiiig,  b^  mm. 

lloiul  modcratp,  niodcratcly  piiiicturcd  ;  tlio  trcnolinnt  marj^iri 
of  umiHliblos  very  idtsdlcU'Iy  lolu'd.  Tliunix  tUnniate  and 
(li'prcssi'd,  polished,  (;()V(r('d  witli  dclicutc;  |Miiirtiirt'S,  liuviiiif  ti 
toiidt'iicy  to  slriiu,  but  the  pleura;  covorcil  with  stronger  seiittfrrd 
punctures,  iiiucli  attenuated  anteriorly  and  posteriorly;  its  ante- 
rior nuirgln  short,  nuirgined  ;  the  disk  of  the  niesothorax  (hit toned, 
with  two  suleosc  jdaees  at  base ;  seutelluni  llalteiied,  not  divided  by 
a  sulcoso  basin,  post-seutollmu  very  snnill;  inetiitlmriix  eloiiti-ate, 
obli(|ue,  trian^ijular,  very  coarsely  punctured  (or  rather  retieulate- 
ru}?ose) ;  its  lateral  cariiuu  very  sharp,  the  sides  uniler  the  cariuiu 
polished,  but  a  little  reticulated  near  th<'  cariiuc,  posterior  faco 
liavinjj;  two  stronj?  cariiiic,  starting?  from  the  unjjle.s  of  the  ))ost- 
Bcutcl,  the  extremities  of  which  do  not  meet  the  lateral  carinie; 
the  space  between  the  iinddle  carina;  lorminir  as(pnire  excavation, 
rather  widened  jjosteriorly,  polished,  furnished  with  \i.Vi\\  seri- 
ceous liair,  as  al.so  the  terminal  acute  angled  of  mctathorax, 
behind  the  end  of  the  middle  carime. 

Petiole  (as  In  Olmcva!<)  cylindrical,  truncate  and  polished  in 
front,  extremely  coarsely  punctured,  very  rugose,  a  little  carinated 
at  base,  the  extremity  marked  with  a  semicircular  groove,  and 
also  constricted  on  each  side.  Second  segment  of  abdomen 
rather  elongate,  a  little  depressed,  with  quite  delicate  oblicpie 
punctures ;  the  punctures  beneath  stronger,  on  the  base  swelled 
tubii.'ulously ;  the  first  margin  above  slightly  angular  in  the 
middle,  the  subjacent  lamina  very  salient  on  tiie  sides  but  very 
little  in  the  middle;  margin  of  the  IJd  segment  arcuate,  the 
lamellar  etlge  strongly  and  broadly  cut  out  In  the  middle. 

Black,  furnished  with  silvery  hairs  (except  on  the  bead,  whore 
they  are  yellowish);  a  line  of  them  behind  the  eyes  (but  ??o^ 
marginal)  and  a  line  on  the  scape,  yellow;  the  flagcllum  of  9  be- 
neath yellowish-ferruginous ;  two  dots  on  the  prothorax,  two  on  the 
scutel,  margin  of  petiole  and  a  fdiform  line  on  tlu^  upper  nmrgin 
of  the  2d  segment,  yellow ;  prosternum,  anterior  coxie,  and  legs, 
yellow;  intermediate  knees  and  tibia)  annulated  with  yellowish- 
brown.    AVings  washed  with  brownish,  with  a  golden  reflection. 

9 .  Clypeus  In  a  rounded  lozenge-shape,  truucate  at  the  top  and 


1 


ZETHL.S. 


29 


rxtrcmity,  hut  witliout  iiiijrics,  (k'licatcly  pimcturod-strigutu. 
(,'lypi!us,  iimmliblfs,  und  tlio  uiidur  piirt  of  the  head,  yt'Uow. 

lii'An.  a.  <li(/'. — 'I'lii.s  Hpocios  Ims  just  tlio  Kiiin(!  lorni  of  homl  and 
clypous  and  just  tlio  .same  system  of  colonitioii  as  /f.  (flinrrus  ; 
the  petiole  is  also  tiic  same,  but  tlie  thorax,  h-nj^tiifiied,  flattened, 
very  delicately  punctured,  the  nietathorux  less  oxcuvated,  with 
not  Ko  salient  eariniu,  niako  it  easy  to  dislin^niish.  The  niiddlo 
carina}  of  nictatliorax  stop  before  reachin<^  tho  lateral  cariniu. 
The  nppeuraneo  of  tho  Insect  is  quite  dilVerent,  and  it  looks  nioro 
like  a  DUarlian  {!).  zoiwUx)  than  like  a  Zcthiin;  and  this 
iippearance,  due  to  tin;  elonj^ate  thorax,  distinguishes  it  ulso  from 
/f.  )ni)ii(i/n>i  and  lohulalna. 

llab.  Mexico.     Oriental  Cordillera  (Mr.  Sumlchrarit). 

B.  Antcvtiie  of  the  males  tr.rminali'd  hj  a  hook. 

a.  Species  having  the  fijipcarnnce  of  the  true  /iethus,  Ifvoil  wldir  than  h!i/h; 
thorax  short,  not  heimj  one  and  a  half  timi'g  longer  ih'in  wide;  dihilu- 
ti'in  of  the  petiole  ellipliad  or  cylindrical,  a  little  contracted  behind ;  the 
second  segment  of  the  abdomen  inj'urm  of  a  globular  bell. 

IS*  Z.  spinipes  Sav. — Mcdius,  niger,  nitiilua,  densissime  et  gro.sse 
fribrato-imiictiitiH  ;  punctis  2  frontal ibus  Jliivis ;  ilypeo  hito,  9  i>igi'o» 
sul)bi(lHntato,  rugorfHcribrato;  ^  punctato,  albi'lo,  surpra  nigro;  anteimid 
9  atris,  'J,  linea  in  scapo  albido;  abdominis  sooundo  segmento  minus 
conspicue  punctato,  subpedunculato ;  pctiolo  inflato,  campanulato,  grosse 
punctate,  apii^e  flavo-marginato. — Variat  9  %  pronoto,  latnril)us,  scu- 
ttillis,  albido  variegatis  tit  abdominis  yucundo  Hegmento  marginu  albido. 

Zethus  spinipes  Say,  Bost.  Jouru.  I,  1837,  387,  9- — Sauss.  Vespides,  III, 

122,  10. 
Eumenes  snhstrictn  IIald.  !  I'roc.  Acad.  Phila.  II,  1844,  54. — Sauss.  Ves- 

pides,  III,  U>2,  42. 
Zethus  variegatus^  Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  13,  9,  9  1 18^2 ;  Ruvue  Zool.  X, 

1858,  OG. 
Enmencs  penxylvanica  Halp.  Proc.  Acad.  Phila.  1853,  305,  %. 
Zvthus  bicolor  Bauss.  Vespides,  I,  17,  K,  %. 

9.  Insect  of  medium  size  ;  ocelli  disposed  in  a  wide  trianj^Ie. 
Clypcn.5  having  tho  form  of  a  Iran.'fverKe  lozenr/e,  twice  as  wide 
as  long  ;  having  the  lateral  extremities  very  sharp,  and  its  aute- 


'  The  collection,  with  bad  locality  marks,  of  M.  do  Rom&nd,  has  leil  me 
into  very  many  errors. 


80 


IIYMENOPTERA    OP   AMEIUCA. 


[part  I. 


rior  border  armed  with  two  little  distant  teeth.  Head  extremely 
dilated  at  the  vertex,  atroisgly  excavated  behind,  wider  than  the 
thorax.  Thorax  very  short,  not  being  one  and  a  half  times 
longer  than  wide.  Prothorax  slightly  retracted  before,  its  ante- 
rior margin  bordered  by  a  sharp  projection,  Avliich  forms  on  each 
side  an  indistinct  angle.  Mcsothorax  carrying  on  its  posterior 
part  four  longitudinal  furrows,  and  upon  its  anterior  part  one 
middle  groove.  Scutellum  divided  by  a  sinus.  Metathorax 
olVering  a  feeble  concavity,  wrinkled  nnd  striate.  Petiole  moder- 
ately short,  its  expansion  globular,  having  almost  the  same  form 
as  in  the  Z.  arruleipeniuH,  but  less  contracted  behind  and  trun- 
cate ;  the  second  segnnjiit  gl()l)uIar-ovatc,  but  depressed. 

Insect  black,  polished  and  shining.  The  metathorax  garnished 
with  a  grayi.'-h  pile.  Clypeus,  head,  thorax,  and  petiole  densely 
oribrose  with  great  punctures:  this  last  carrying  near  its  terminal 
border  a  large  sunken  place.  Abdomen  sown  with  liner  punctures, 
sometimes  vcay  line.  There  is  often  a  slight  depression  toward 
the  middle  of  the  border  of  the  second  segment.  A  frontal  dot  at 
the  insertion  of  each  of  the  anteninc,  the  border  of  the  prothorax 
or  only  two  spots  upon  the  shoulders,  often  a  spot  below  the 
wing,  a  band  or  two  spot.s  upon  the  scutellum  and  the  anterior 
border  of  the  post-scutel,  and  also  two  spots  at  bottom  of  the 
metathorax,  of  a  pale  yellow.  ^largin  of  the  petiole,  and  a 
narrow  border  along  the  margin  of  the  second  segment,  of  the 
same  color      Feet  black.     Wings  brown,  with  violet  reflcitions. 

%.  Smaller.  Clypeus  wide,  moderately  rounded,  not  having 
a  lozenge  shape,  its  inferior  border  straight,  hardly  bitubcreulate. 
This  part  cither  wholly  or  only  in  its  inferior  moiety,  whitish. 
The  scape  of  the  antenna  before,  is  ornamented  with  a  whitish 
mark ;  the  terminal  hook  black ;  on  the  face  is  often  a  little 
yellow  dot  at  the  side  of  the  insertion  of  each  of  the  antennte. 
The  third  abdominal  segment  is  often  adorned  with  a  whitish 
border.  This  is  the  E.  nibslrida  Ilald.  The  female  presents 
the  same  variations. 

Var.  a.   Scutcls,  prothorax,  and  two  great  spots  on  the  meta- 
thorax yellow  {Z.  vnt'iegnfus,  bicolor). 

b.  Often  the  scutels  have  hardly  any  spots,  nnd  the  second 
segment  is    scarcely  edged   with   pale  yellow  (Z.   subslrictun). 
sometimt 


igs 


•rrugii 


c.    Certain  specimens  are  entirely  black,  with  a  little  yellow 


ZETIIUS. 


81 


al)out  the  end  of  tlio  petiole.  Tlifsc  are  tlic  Z.  spinipes  Say  (9 ), 
ami  the  Kiowtics  p('ii.-<i/lrn))ica  Ilald.  {%). 

d.  Quite  black;  the  clypmis  iiiargiued  with  yellow  {%)  (Mis- 
souri ;  Edw.  Norton). 

The  punctures  vary  quite  notaldy  among  this  species.  The 
head  and  the  thorax  are  very  coarsely  cribrose;  with  the  9,  the 
clypeus  is  strongly  rugose;  the  vertex  often  becomes  shining 
from  u.se.  Among  the  9,  the  eiypeus  is  less  strongly  crilin)se. 
'I'lio  second  segment  is  .sometimes  hardly  at  all,  sometimes  (piite 
strongly  punctured.  A  specimen  from  Florida  has  the  swelling 
of  the  petiole  very  coarsely  cribrose. 

Bess,  a.  dijj'. — Easily  recognizable  by  its  size,  which  ir,  Fiu>o"ior 
to  that  of  all  the  following  species,  and  by  its  violet  v,  ;iufs 

Hub.  United  States.     Conn.,  Tu.,  111.,  Tenn.,  liul.,  F!a.    (U  9,     v 

Nota. — As  I  have  already  said  {loc.  cit.),  the  descript  n  ^riven 
by  Say  is  very  defective,  and  calls  for  an  interpretation.  ^Vllen 
this  author  says:  "Peduncle  rather  slender,"  it  is  without  com- 
parison with  the  other  species,  the  most  of  which  iie  did  not 
know.  The  "pieeous  dentate  band  of  the  margin  of  the  p<'dunele" 
is  but  the  subjacent  doultle  nnirgfns,  which  do  not  make  it  dentate 
except  in  the  color.  The  "  posterior  margin  abruj»tly  and 
smoothly  impressed  of  the  2d  segment,"  alludes  to  the  subjacent 
lamina  on  the  border  of  the  seg.nent  which  are  salient  in  almost 
all  the  insects  of  this  genus,  and  which  apjjcar  like  a  ;iion;  dis- 
tinct border  tlian  the  veritable  margin  of  the  segment,  which  has 
the  yellow  band.  l?y  "  tii)iaj  spinous  behind;"  the  author  means 
without  doubt  the  pi«stcrior  cxhrmiti/  (which  oflers  a  very  short 
border)  armed  with  stylets  common  to  all  the  Vci*pi<Jc>i.  (From 
tliis  th(;  name  tfpinipcN.)  Finally,  the  author  says  that  the  second 
segment  "has  a  distinct  neck  a(  base,"  wliieli  signifies  a  very  short 
neck,  for  if  it  had  been  long,  the  word  distinct  was  out  of  place. 
Tliin  species  is  not  then  a  Didi/nKx/asfra,  but  really  i  true  Zi-I/iuk 
(or  Zffhusrulun),  which  nmkes  us  think,  that  it  really  is,  without 
any  d^oulH,  the  present  species 


19.  /.  (t|»iH«»Mlil  S.ujss.  (Ficf.  2.  2rT.)  — Parvnlus,  ni£rt»r;  capita,  ttio- 
rac**  ft  pftiol'i  «f<«ne  perprUirafin  ;  clypt'o  inti'gro,  J  nii^rn-scriivo,  "^ 
flavo ;  fr*/nt<^  caiitia  traiiHverda  et  liiiea  flava  ;  prniioti  iii.irf^ine  trista- 
tUsiiuo  poBtictttfUoque  *pinoso  fasoia  flava ;  putiolo  cylindrioo,   rngoso, 


32 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMBF.'CA. 


[taut  I. 


flavo-marcinato;   spRTiiciiti:^  tctiuiter  flavo-1  uibatis  ;    secuudo  sericeo, 
uitido,  puiictato  ;  alis  subliyaliui.s. 

Zelhus  spinosus  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.  IX,  1857,  270. 

Total  leugth,  13  mm. ;  wiiit;,  i)  mm. 

9.  Small,  c.\ocss<iv('ly  nij^ose.  Ilond  .'argo,  dilatotl  and  con- 
vex, densely  criljroHo  with  great  pits;  fact  carrying  a  trannversu 
ridge,  wliieli  ccjvers  llie  insertion  of  the  anteiMiui.  Clyjieus  almost 
transverse,  convex,  punctured,  but  much  less  rugose  than  the 
head;  covered  with  a  pile  of  dull  gray  silky  hair;  its  inferior 
border  entire;  the  middle  of  this  border  a  little  arched.  Thorax 
all  cril)rose  with  large  sunken  pits  resembling  a  sieve.  Its  ante- 
rior i)order  carrying  a  transverse  rim  in  the  form  of  a  quite  pro- 
udnent  lamina,  which  prolongs  itself  a  little  at  the  sides,  descend- 
ing along  the  margin  of  the  prothorax.  Post-scutel  armed  in  the 
middle  with  a  spiniform  sharp  and  raised  tooth,  oi'  rather,  with  a 
spine.  The  concavity  on  the  posterior  truncracd  face  of  the 
metathorax  is  divided  by  a  furrow.  Fhe  metathorax  is  very 
angulate;  its  lateral  ridges  very  sharj) ;  its  posterior  concavity 
very  distinct,  striate,  bordered  l»y  two  parallel  longitudinal 
ridges,  beyond  which  the  metathorax  is  again  cpiite  rugose. 
Petiole  as  rngnae  as  the  thorax;  its  base  alone  smooth;  its 
exjiansion  lengthened,  cylindrical,  l)ut  little  contracted  behind, 
and  cribrose  with  very  large  confluent  punctures.  Second  seg- 
ment globular-ovate,  a  little  pediculate,  its  pedicle  hardly  equal- 
ling a  sixth  the  length  of  the  segment.  This  segment  is  ])olished, 
shiidng  and  s(!riceous,  although  punctured,  and  appearing  as  wide 
as  long  when  examined  from  al)ove. 

Insect  l)lack,  with  a  transverse  line  on  the  face,  a  little  dot 
behind  each  eye,  margin  of  prothorax,  post-scutel,  two  pyriform 
lines  on  the  metathorax  and  a  line  on  the  border  of  segments  1, 
2,  3,  yellow.  Sometimes  also  all  the  segments  are  l)ordered  by  a 
yellow  or  ferruginous  band,  and  the  last  segments  now  and  then 
ferruginous.  Legs  black ;  tarsi  and  tibia;  garnished  with  silky 
ferruginous  hair;  anterior  knees  sjjotted  with  yellow;  interme- 
diate tibiie  with  a  yellow  line  ;  the  femora  with  a  spot  at  end. 
Wing  scales  black,  terminated  behind  by  a  yellow  point  by  the 
side  of  which  is  a  little  yellow  process.  Wings  sub-smoky,  with 
brown  nervures  ;  the  2d  cubital  cell  triangular,  quite  coutracled 
anteriorly. 


ZETHUS. 


33 


%.  Clypeus  traiisvcrso  fniadrato,  cither  wholly  palc-y(.'lh>w',  or 
only  its  lowur  part;  interior  margin  enliro  and  arcuate;  the  last 
two  articles  of  the  antcnna3  tawny  beneath. 

]'(!}'.  (I.  Two  yellow  spots  on  the  scutellnin. 

h.  The  yellow  mark  of  the  frontal  ridjie  and  that  on  the  post- 
scutel,  interriii)ted ;  the  face  presenting  but  two  yellow  points. 
The  border  of  the  prothorax  is  sometimes  sprinkled  with  l)laek 
dots. 

c.  The  yellow  markings  hardly  visible.  Prothora.x  lilack. 
Legs  black;  wings  a  little  smoky,  with  some  ferruginous  tints  and 
the  nervures  brown. 

d.  The  .'^[line  of  post  8cutel  yellow  or  black. 

c.  In  small  specimens,  principally  %,  the  spine  is  obliterated, 
or  replaced  by  u  little  longitudinal  carina. 

/'.  The  iiedunele  of  the  2d  segment  rather  longer;  the  spine 
of  post-scutel  obliterate. 

;/.  The  extreme  edge  of  the  clypeus  %  black,  or  partly  black, 
which  causes  very  fallacious  appearanoos. 

liess.  a.  diff. — This  si)ecies  is  very  distinct,  l»y  its  ridges, 
prominences,  and  rugosities,  by  the  veiy  huge  punctures  of  its 
petiole,  and  especially  by  thi'  long  spine  of  its  post-scutel. 

llab.  The  gulf  side  of  Mexico,  in  the  warm  jiarts.  Tamaulipas, 
Ilnasteca.  etc.  Very  C"niin(iii  in  Tampico.  I  have  taken  a  seiu'e 
of  s]K'cimens  in  view  of  the  town  of  Pueblo-Viejo,  against  posts 
exposed  to  the  sun.     Various  spt^cimons  also  from  Orizal)a. 

Fig.  2.  The  insect  seen  in  profile,  enlarged.  2,  b.  Its  uatural  size.  Fig. 
2,  'J.  Tlie  abdomen  more  enlarged., 

20.    aj.  imitato^r  n.  sp. — Xiuer,  cra.spe.  dense   punctatus:  metiinoto 
111  i-r.-tsse  punot^to;  petioio  ovato-eylinilrico.  crassissinie  c!ril)r;ao  ; 

pniiciis  2  flypei;  2  frontis,  pronnti  mariiine,  luneula  sulialari,  teguiiiruni 
liiiii)o,  sentelli  fascia  interrapta,  post-sciiti'lli  f.-ciia,  luaciilis  2  nn'tanoti. 
.nlt.ioininis  r-ejueutorum  1^-J3  limlio  angurite,  tiiiij.-que  iutermediLs  Ijusi 
extus,  flavis.      5 . 

Total  length,  12.^  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

9.  Forra  «nd  srinititnre  about  the  same  as  in  spin>»iins.  Head 
snnill.  (^fvpeus  nnw-h  rougher,  very  coarsely  and  conflucntly 
pniiotun*d.  in»f  Woan  but  rounded,  more  prolonged  and  truni  ate. 
A  carina  l)e»we»*ri  the  iintenniP,  prnlonired  on  the  clyi»eus.  The 
rest  of  tile  punctuations  about  the  suiue,  very  rough.  Prothorax 
3 


34 


IIYMENOPTKRA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


a  littlo  more  elongate;  its  angles  very  prominent;  the  post- 
scutelluin  quite  destitute  of  a  spine.  Metathorax  triangular,  not 
carinated  and  not  so  rough.  I'etiole  a  little  le.ss  eylindrical,  a 
little  more  swollen,  coarsely  cribrate;  the  beginning  of  the 
swelling  punctate  like  the  rest,  not  polished  (as  if  snx'lted)  as  in 
spi.nosiDi;  2d  segment  less  globular,  more  pyriform,  only  punctate 
along  its  margin. 

The  ornaments  more  numerous  than  in  spinoftiis,  having  a  spot 
on  each  side  of  the  clypeus,  two  on  the  face,  the  scape  beneath, 
the  border  of  prothora.x,  a  macula  under  the  wing,  edges  of  the 
tegula),  an  interrupted  fascia  on  the  scutel  and  on  the  post-scutel, 
two  macula;  on  the  nietathorax,  margin  of  petiole  and  a  sulinmr- 
ginal  line  on  the  edge  of  the  2d  and  3d  segments,  yellow.  The 
rest  of  the  abdomen  brownish;  an  abbreviated  yellow  fascia  on 
the  intermediate  tibiie.  Wings  hyaline,  a  little  brownish  along 
the  anterior  margin  ;  the  2d  cubital  cell  not  anteriorbj  contracted, 
having  a  distinct  radial  border. 

jf?(;.s.s.  a.  diff. — This  species  slightly  resembles  Montezumre  but 
is  very  distinct  by  the  rest  of  its  coloration,  by  its  swollen,  not 
dejM'cssed,  and  more  coarsely  cribrose  i)etiole;  and  by  the  second, 
more  giol)ular,  less  elongate  segment  of  the  abdomen. 

It  differs  lYom  azte.cua  and  Wcdwoodi  by  its  more  sessile  2d 
segment,  its  more  coarsely  cribrose  and  more  cylindrical  petiole, 
it>  maculated  nietathorax,  without  excavation,  only  parted  by  a 
suleosity ;  smaller  head,  rough  clypeus,  etc. 

It  is  nevertheless  an  embarrassing  species,  intermediate  between 
spmnsux  and  Muntezumie.  , 

Hub.  Mexico;  the  Oriental  Cordillera  (Mr.  Sumichrast). 

91.  Z.  clypearis  n.  sp. — Niger,  crassissirae  rlonse  cribrato-punctntas ; 
proiioto  ittjute  Riigalato;  nit'tanoto  4-c;iriiiato,  post-scutel li  anqnlis 
dMiiiforiniliu?! ;  petiolo  ovato  tumiilo;  pniictis  2  frontalibns,  pronoti 
iiiargiiie,  puuctia  2  sout.'lll  et  2  post-scutelli  margineqne  petioli,  flavis  ; 
ninrgi  )e  2'  et  3''  seguicuti  siiiuato,  liuea  prsemarginali  flava;  alis 
fumosis.     % . 

Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wiug,  9  mm. 


Form  and  punctures  as  in  Z.  spiuonKf^.  The  head  very  little 
wider  than  the  thorax;  the  thorax  short,  crested  in  front,  very 
square  anteriorly  ;  its  angles  .sharp,  a  sort  of  crest  bordering  the 
sides  of  pronotum  up  to  the  wing-scale.     Scutel  rather  salient ; 


ZETIIt'S. 


35 


post-Rcutel  truncate,  somewhat  <'inars?inate  ;  its  angles  seen  from 
before,  elevated  as  two  trianj^ular  teetii.  Head  and  thorax  quite 
densely  crihroso  with  very  coarse  confluent  punctures;  the  scutcl 
divided  by  a  flat  line.  Metathorax  coarsely  but  not  so  deeply 
cril)rose,  short;  its  lateral  edges  very  sharp ;  the  posterior  face 
having  two  strong  vertical  carinas,  starting  from  the  angles  of 
the  post-scutel,  but  not  going  down  to  the  extrenuty  ;  the  channel 
between  them  punctate;  the  sides  of  thorax  as  cribrose  as  the 
dorsum,  those  of  the  metathorax  not  quite  so  rough.  Petiole 
quite  coarsely  cribroso,  rather  bidentate,  with  the  anterior  side 
polished,  inipunctate  (as  if  smelted)  as  in  aztecus,  but  the  swelling 
not  cylindrical  (as  in  aztecufi)  but  oval,  thick,  and  truncate  as  in 
otomitus.  The  2d  segment  subsessile  (its  form  being  a  half 
sphere),  and  punctured ;  its  second  lamellar  edge  wide,  getting 
wider  on  the  sides.  The  lirst  border  of  the  3d  segment  advanced 
in  the  middle  ;  the  2d  lamellar  border  sinuate,  advanced  in  tlie 
middle,  and  emarginate  on  each  side ;  getting  wider  outside  of  the 
eniargination.     The  other  segments  very  delicately  punctate. 

Jilack  ;  the  pilosity  brown  ;  that  of  the  abdomen  long  and  ful- 
vous on  the  2d  and  3d  segment.  A  line  on  the  anterior  nmrgin 
of  the  mandibles,  two  spots  over  the  antenna;,  anterior  border  of 
prothorax ;  two  dots  on  the  angles  of  scutel,  two  on  the  post- 
scutel,  posterior  border  of  petiole,  and  submarginal  border  of  2d 
and  3d  segments,  yellow.  The  posterior  margin  of  prothorax  and 
the  margin  of  the  tegidte,  brown ;  the  second  border  of  2d  and 
3d  segment  piceous.  Knees  and  tarsi  brownish ;  a  yellow  macula 
at  end  of  the  1st  femora;  a  yellow  line  on  the  1st  and  2d  tibiie 
outside ;  this  sometimes  tawny.  Wings  clouded  with  brown, 
with  yellowish  reflection. 

% .  Clypeus  rather  rounded,  black,  very  coarsely  cribrose,  its 
inferior  margin  with  three  indentations  in  the  middle,  two  little 
carina;  terminating  in  the  external  teeth;  its  surface  very  convex, 
having  a  very  prominent  transverse  swelling,  somewhat  like  a 
very  obtuse  carina ;  a  yellow  triangle  with  the  angle  turned 
downwards  extends  from  that  swelling  to  the  end,  and  terminates 
in  the  mi(hlle  indentaticm  of  the  inferior  niargin.  Antennae 
rather  thickened,  terminated  by  a  short  biarticulate  ferruginous 
obtuse  hook. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  very  remarkable  species  comes  quite  near 
to  Z.  spinosus,  from  which  it  difiers  by  its  bidentate,  not  spined 


86 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


post-scutel  and  by  its  square,  aiiglud,  not  contracted  i)rotliorax ; 
l»y  its  motatliorax  and  petiole,  etc.  Tlio  very  coarse  punctation 
and  very  particular  details  of  form  of  all  the  parts  of  the  body 
distinguish  this  species  from  all  the  other  Mexican  Zelhus,  except 
from  Olint'cioi  with  which  it  must  be  compared. 
Hab.  Mexico.     The  Oriental  Cordillera,  Orizaba. 

22.  Z.  Aztecus  Sads-s.  (Fig.  1,  In.)— Niger,  rugose  punotatuB ;  pronoto 
antice  valde  ciistato ;  frouto  trans versim  in  liueiim  elevato,  llavo- 
bipunctato;  peliolo  ovato-inflato,  orawse  punctato;  secundo  segmento 
subpetiolato,  fulvo-sericeo ;  pronoti  margine,  macula  subalari,  scutelli 
maculis  2,  po.st-scut«lli  fascia  abdominisque  segmeutorum  1-3  limbo, 
Uavis ;  alis  subhyalinis. 

Zetlius  azHcus  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.  IX,  IS.*)?,  270. 

Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

9.  Head,  thorax  and  petiole  cribroso  with  coarse  crowded 
punctures,  but  less  rough  than  with  Z.  critifalus  and  Z.  spinosiis. 
Clypeus  polished,  cribrose  with  more  distant  obliijue  punctures, 
and  hardly  notched  on  its  inferior  border;  the  emargination 
divided  by  a  little  middle  tooth;  a  little  wavy  transverse  carina 
on  the  vertex,  forming  a  sort  of  extension  upon  the  insertion  of 
the  antenniB.  Clypeus  and  orbicles  rather  silvery.  Prothorax 
bordered  by  a  vertical  lamina  in  form  of  a  crest,  but  which  does 
not  prolong  itself  upon  the  sides.  Mctathorax  furrowed,  with  the 
concavity  bordered  above  and  furnished  with  a  pile  of  gray  hairs, 
having  a  slight  tawny  reflection.  Post-scutel  unarmed.  Swelling 
of  the  petiole  neither  cylindrical  nor  globular,  but  oval,  and,  as 
seen  in  profde,  dilated  above.  Second  segment  ovate-globular, 
not  eidarging  itself  as  suddenly  as  in  the  Z.  C7'ista(us;  but  it  has 
no  more  length  of  pedicle,  and  the  same  silky,  golden  reflection. 

Insect  black  ;  two  dots  on  the  forehead,  border  of  prothorax, 
a  spot  under  the  wing,  two  on  the  scutel,  the  post-scutel,  and  the 
border  of  segments  1,  2,  3  orange-yellow.  Wing-scales  often 
touched  with  yellow.  These  colors  offer  the  same  variation  as  in 
the  spccij'S  cited;  the  crest  of  the  vertex  being  often  adorned  with 
a  yellow  line,  while  the  metathorax  has  no  spots  of  this  color.' 


'  At  least  in  my  specimens.     It  will  not  do,  however,  to  accept  this  as 
a  constant  character. 


ZETIIUS. 


37 


FcetWack;  tarsi  rather  fernigiuoiis.  Wings  transparoiit,  cloudril, 
yellowish-browu,  with  the  uervures  brown — tiiuir  relli-fliuii 
gulden-gray. 

%.  Anterior  border  of  the  clypous  nntrlied  ns  in  tlic  femnio; 
the  angles  of  tlie  indenture  in  tlie  form  of  toetli,  the  middle  tooth 
smaller  than  the  lateral.  All  the  clypeus  eovered  with  a  silvery 
down;  its  lower  moiety  of  a  yellow  color,  as  well  as  a  line  upon 
the  scape  of  the  antenna;.  Mandibles  yellow  in  front,  the  end  of 
the  antenna;  black,  the  hook  elongate,  edged,  and  sharp;  the 
terminal  joints  sometimes  a  little  rolled  up. 

Jlcffx.  a.  (liff. — It  is  a  little  smaller  than  Z.  Wcstwoodi,  and  is 
distinguished  from  it  by  its  more  swelled  and  more  coarsely  punc- 
tured petiole,  by  its  more  indented,  more  strongly  punctured 
clypeus,  etc.  It  has  the  form  of  Z.  apinosus,  but  it  ha.s  no  j)ost- 
scutellar  spine,  etc.;  and  although  rather  coarsely  punctured, 
that  is  really  less  so  than  this  s|»ecies. 

Ilab.  Mexico,  on  the  gulf  side.     Tampico. 

Fig.  1.  The  male  enlarged.  Fig.  1,  a.  Tlie  head  of  the  male  seen  from 
before. 

Observation. — The  figure  1  is  not  entirely  patisfattory :  the  head  not 
snflieiently  thick,  and  the  second  abdominal  segment  with  the  pedicle  a 
little  too  long. 

23>  Z.  OtomitUS  n.  sp. — Niger,  den-^e  punctatus  ;  capite  et  thorace 
cinereo-,  abdomine  fulvo-hirto;  anteunis  iiigri.s,  Huapo  linea  tiara; 
punctis  2  frontalibus,  pronoti  margine,  fascia  post-scutelli,  alidomiuis(|n« 
segmentorum  1-3  linea  marginali,  flavin  ;  jietiolo  ovato-tumiilo  nitido, 
puiictato,  apice  truncato,  superne  impressione  transvcrsali ;  genibus  et 
tarsis  fuscescentibus ;  alis  fuaco-aureo  nebulosis.  —  ^  clypeo  trapezino, 
fascia  submarginali  llava. 

Total  length,  14  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

%.  Quite  the  same  form  and  punctuation  as  Z.  azfecus.  But 
the  clypeus  not  square,  more  triangular,  wide  inferiorly,  narrowed 
at  the  summit,  or  rather  in  the  form  of  a  half  circle,  a  little  con- 
vex, densely  punctured;  the  inferior  margin  wide  and  transverse; 
with  a  wide  transverse  emargination  and  two  little  teeth.  A  pale 
yellow  band  occupies  the  inferior  part,  but  the  extreme  margin 
is  black.  The  flagelluni  of  the  antennic  quite  l)lark ;  only  the 
hook  is  ."sometimes  brown  beneath.  The  lateral  carina;  of  the 
metathorax  a  little  more  pronounced  ;  the  petiole  not  so  coarsely 
punctate,  a  little  wider  behind,  more  truncate,  somewhat  as  in 


38 


IIYMENOPTERA  OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Hpinipcs;  tlie  2d  segment  without  any  impression  before  its 
border;  scutel  black;  no  macula  under  the  wing.  The  interme- 
diate femora  liave  no  yellow  fascia;.  The  wing.s  arc  washed  with 
brown,  with  a  golden  rellection ;  the  2d  cubital  cell  generally 
triangular ;  its  radial  side  wanting  or  quite  short. 

Clypeus  and  boad  gray-silky;  abdomen  golden-silky  as  in 
Z  azU;vu?. 

liao.  Mexico ;  the  Oriental  Cordillera.  Orizaba.  (G  % 
sent  by  Mr.  Sumichrast.) 

It  is  not  without  hesitation  that  I  separate  this  spocios  from  Z. 
nzlecus;  but  the  clypeus  is  decidedly  of  a  different  form,  and  the 
coloration  is  quite  the  same  in  my  six  specimens,  seeming  to  in- 
dicate a  decided  species.  The  end  of  the  antenna)  is  quite  black 
as  in  Aztecus. 

34>  Z*  chrj* 30pterus  Sauss. — Niger,  ferrugineo-liirtus,  statnrje  Z. 
Wfstwovili ;  capite  latiore  quaia  lougiore,  dense— punctate  Tliorax 
valile  punetatus,  retiealato-rugosus ;  pronoti  margiiie  crintato,  angulia 
promineiitibiis ;  scutello  suleo  partito;  luetauoto  l»vi,  hirsuto,  postice 
foveola  (listincta,  carinis  longitudiiialibus  2  riiargiuata  instruuto.  Petio- 
lu«  ovato-cylindricns,  inflatus,  parte  linear!  basali  brevissiina  ;  secun- 
dum 8egmentamgloboso-dilatatuin,vixpeduncnlatuin,fiilvo-VHlntinun). 
Puncta  2  frontis  et  pronoti  angulornm  abdoininisque  seginentorum 
linibns  angn.ste  flava ;  tarsi  ferrnginei;  a!»  subferrugiueie,  teguliij  pieeis 
Tel  Mavo-inarginatis.     Longlt.  0.(»17. 

^  .  Clypeo  puuctato,  diiuidio  iuferiore  aarantiaoo,  margine  tenuiter  uigro, 
bidentato. 

Zelhus  chrysopterxts  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  13,  8,  pi.  viii,  fig.  7,  %,  1852; 
Revue  Zool.  X,  1858,  G6. 

Tlah.  Probably  from  South  America.  (Typus  in  auctoris 
museo. ) 

25.  Z.  ferrngineus  Saubs. 

Zethus  femujineus  Sauss,  Vespides,  I,  14,  10,  1852. 

Ilah.  South  America.     Para. 

26.  Z.  cinerescens  Sauss.  y* — ^'g^'i  cinereo-sericens ;  clypeo 
piano,  pnnotato-striato,  bidentato;  capite  dense  pnnctato;  tliorace  cri- 
brato,  striato-rugoso,  antice  cristato,  angnlato;  post-scatello  truncato; 
nietanoto  postice  producto,  rugoso,  lateraliter  cristato-oarinato ;  in  medio 
foveolato  sed  hand  bicarinato ;  petiolo  brevi,  globoso-clavato,  baud 
cribrato;  abdom.  secundo  segniento  subsessili,  sed  piriforme-dilatato 
(kaudglobo8o),sericeo. — Puucta  2  froutis,  pronoti  uiargo,post-scutellum 


ZETIIUS, 


39 


fit  petioli  liiulms  frcfiuentor  llava;  tarsi  fiinci ;  aim  infu?cntn>,  secundum 
costaiu  iiigrae,  tfgulid  ferrugitiuo-iuarginatid.     Loiigitudu,  U.U15. 

Zvthus  ciiierasce'is  Saiihs.  Vesiiides,  III,  117,  3,  lb54. 

JIab.  Brazil.     (2  5  iu  uiusuo  uuuluris  ;  typiis  in  luuseo  Tau- 
riiieiise.) 

Z.  fraterno   afTinis,  at  differt  pronoto  oristato   ct   angiilato, 
thorace  rugose,  petiolo  minus  punctato  et  globosicjn'. 

i 

The  male  is  not  known ;  some  doubt  still  exists  about  the  place 
this  species  must  occupy. 

31.  Z.  biglumis  Spin. 

Zethua  biglumi.1  SriNor.A,  Ann.  Soo.  Eut.  Fr.  X,  1841,  135,  83.— Sacss. 
Vtispides,  I,  1»,  20. 

llab.  Cayenne. 

38.  Z.  disccelioides  Saupb. — r^iger,  cnpite  ct  thorace  raMn  cri- 
brato-puuctatis,  puuctis  oontlueutibuii  rugosis ;  clypeo  rugoso,  oii- 
brato,  subbidentato;  pronoto  cristato-uiargiuato,  biaiigulato ;  suutullo 
sulco  partito ;  uietanoto  supra  fov»ola  striata  instruuto,  cujus  niargiues 
laterales  fttre  cariniformes  sunt ;  abdominis  prinio  !<eguiento  bruvi,  ovuto- 
cauipanulato,  inflato,  truucato,  valdu  punutato;  ^euundo  segmeuto  piri- 
formi,  sericeo. — Tegulae  ferruginese ;  frons  et  post-soutellum  tlavo-bipuiic- 
tata ;  petiolus  iiavo  limbatus ;  pedes  fuscesceutes ;  ali£  paulum  iufuscatae, 
aureo-niteutes.     9- — Longit.  0.013. 

Zethus  discttUokles  Saoss.  Vespides,  I,  17,'  17,  1852. 
Ilah.  South  America.     Para. 


Species  moderately  stout — viewing  its  short  form  and  strongly 
inflated  petiole — and  resembiing  to  some  extent  Z.  cinerascens, 
though  its  2d  abdominal  segment  is  less  pyriform  and  the  clypcus 
more  strongly  punctured  and  not  distinctly  striate. 

This  species,  in  view  of  its  petiole,  campanulate  and  truncate 
rather  than  contracted  behind,  might  almost  be  placed  iu  section  ji. 
(This  form  shows  itself  also  among  the  Z.  i(pinij)es.) 

6.  Speciei,  which  have  more  the  appearance  of  Eiimenes  or  Discwlius.  Head 
less  injlat'id,  less  hollowed  out  at  the  occiput ;  thorax  of  moderate  lentjlh ; 
petiole  more  us  in  the  Eumenea  of  Division  a. 


Last  line  of  thia  page  (of  Vespides),  instead  of  Zethus,  read  Discoeliua. 


40 


IIYMKNOPTFRA    OP    AMEKIO.V. 


[PAIIT  I. 


29.  K.  Noiifezuinu  Saiwh.  (Kig.  3,  3<».)— i''»i'viilus,  rugosuH,  niger 
et  pilosurt;  jilHloiniiii'  ovato  lit  in  gHiiwro  F.nineiif,  pptiolo  eloiii^iito 
imniigoso ;  rfliijua  jiarte  nlnloiiiiniri  pirifonni,  <lej>r«;!(rtfi ;  proiio'i,  jiont- 
MciitHlli  et  aliiloiiiiiiirt  HHgmt^iitornni  1,  2,  iiinrgiiiH,  tliivo  vel  fenugiiiuo; 
ricapo,  iiiaculii  Mubalari  ut  scutulli,  iunrginu(iue  ulypui,  tiavis. 

Zithn.'^  M,mle:Hma  Sauhs.  Uhvuh  Zool.  IX,  18.17,  270. 
Z.  O'ltalimotziii  SAOsd.  ibid.  (var.   9  )• 

9  .  Total  IfiiKth,  13  nun. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

%.  Total  leiih'tli,  U>  uim. ;  wing,  8  uiiu. 

9.  Insect  small,  sk'iulor;  In  ad  but  liltlo  inllati'd.  Ocelli  in  a 
rc^niiu-  (ir  ovoii  l('Mj:;tli(Mic(l  Iriuii'flt',  All  the  lieiid  rugose,  crib- 
ritse  with  coarse  punetures;  clypeiis  t'litirc,  also  cribrose,  convex 
uiitl  riigdse.  Tiiorax  lengthened,  one  and  a  luilf  times  longer  than 
wiile,  erilinise  with  I'lrgc  pnnctuns,  rugose  ;  on  the  disk  of  the 
mesothnrux  two  arcuiite  grooves  leave  the  si  itelluni,  and  extend 
to  the  anterior  suture.  Angles  of  the  prothorax  spinosc  ;  its 
margin  relatively  little  prominent.  Metathora.x  attenuated,  con- 
vex, rugose,  but  with  a  lateral,  very  distinct  truncation.  Petiole 
tpiite  lengthened,  its  anterior  third,  at  h-ast,  linear;  the  remainder 
enlii  d,  ])yriforiu,  much  lengthened  and  truncate,  rugose,  cribroso 
with  very  large  punctures  (larger  than  those  of  the  thorax)  ;  its  en- 
largement but  little  raised,  hardly  contracted  behind,  its  nuirginal 
depressions  forming  a  transverse  groove.  The  remainder  of  the 
abdomen  depressed,  regularly  pyril'on.i,  lengthened  as  in  the 
Eunu'iif)^,  at  the  base  >ul)-pedieuhite,  gi  iiluaiiy  swelling;  the 
seccnid  segment  shining,  polished,  silky-gray,  delicately  punctured, 
more  coarsely  along  its  border. 

Insect  black,  very  hairy,  even  its  abdomen  being  covered  with 
a  pih."  of  erect  hair  in  fresh  specimens;  hair  of  the  head  and 
thorax  obscure  ;  that  of  the  metathorax  and  of  the  abdomen  gra_, 
Inferior  and  lateral  border  of  the  clypeus  often  ferruginous  ;  a 
line  under  the  scape  of  the  antenna),  two  dots  at  their  insertion, 
margin  of  the  i)rothorax,  a  point  under  each  wing,  two  at  the 
seutellum,  two  on  jiost-scutel,  and  the  border  of  the  first  two 
abdominal  segments  yellow  or  ferruginous.  These  nmrkings  are 
variable,  the  scutelluin  being  often  I)lack  and  the  post-scutel  yel- 
low;  or  the  markings  are  entirely  wanting.  Wing-scales  brown 
or  ferruginous.  Wings  hyaline,  nervures  brown,  and  often  a 
brown  cloud  in  the  radial  cell. 

%.  Smaller.     Clypeus  transverse,  black,  covered  with  silky- 


ZETHL8. 


41 


gri 


iiv  liaii",  it.-*  inferior  ninruin  <'fir!  vi'iitr  in  lli»'  iniddlt'  n  vrrv  simill 


i 


li(»tili,  aliovc  wliicli  is  a  lilll-'  yelliw.  Aiitfiiiuu  a  little  t;i\vii_v  at 
tlic  extroiuily,  tcrniiiiuti  4  l)y  a  lionii  and  by  u  t<Ii^rlit  roilinj;  up. 
Mctatliorax  spotted  with  yolluw  ;  uulcriur  border  uf  prolliorax 
often  black. 

Var.  a.   Clypr-ns  and  spulol  black;  no  spot  under  tlie  ^villt,^ 

6.  At  bottom  of  nictatlmrux  two  yellow  !»p(»ls. 

('.    A  yellow  line  in  IVoiil  of  the  uiandible.s. 

Jicst*.  a.  (Ulf. — 'I'lus  species  i.s  recojrnizaldc  by  tho  particular 
form   of  its  abdomen.      Tho   htnglhened   petiole,   htngitndinaily 


ddeidy 


th 


d 


linear,  ucconies- 

ally  swelled,  so  that  tU*;  abdomen  is  pyrifitnn  ratlier  than  f^lobidar- 
ovate.  The  leiijrtheinn<j!;  of  the  thorax  and  the  Ik  ml  a  little  ■  n- 
largod,  recall  the  form.s  of  the  Eatuciwn}  The  metathorax,  also, 
presents  no  concavity;  the  position  of  tho  furrow  is,  however, 
indicated,  and  it  is  rugose  and  striate,  but  is  convex  in  ]daee  of 
being  excavated. 

This  insect  appears  to  bo  allied  to  Z.  (Uscfrlioidfu. 

llab.  Tli(!  tempernte  regions  of  Mexico  J  \vAyv  taken  it  in  the 
valleys  of  Cordova,  of  Orizaba,  and  of  Mextillau  (lour  females, 
live  males). 

I  possess  one  speciincn,  a  9,  as  small  as  tho  % ,  and  which  is  a 
little  more  strongly  punctured,  which  has  the  petiole  shorter  in 
the  linear  part,  and  is  sensibly  more  coarsely  punctured  in  its 
enlarged  part.  The  scutelluin  and  po.<t-scutel  »,aeh  have  two 
yellow  spots.     Length,  O.OlO;  wings,  O.OOS. 

Is  this  a  variety  of  Z  Montezuma,  or  n  species  ?  I  have  taken 
it  on  the  baidvs  of  the  Rio  Panuco,  in  the  Huasteca. 

Fig.  3.  Zethns  Montezuma,  9  >  enlarged.  Fig.  3,  a.  The  head  9  se  . 
from  before. 

30.  Z.  parvilllIS  Sauss. —  9-  Parvnlua,  gracilis,  niger;  clypeo  con- 
vexo,  apice  tnineato,  late  subHinargiiiato;  prouoto  cristato-uiarginato, 
utriiKiiK!  angiilato;  post-scntcllo  I'Miiiia  rircnata  antii>rsura  convcxa  in- 
structo,  nietanoto  anguloso,  .supra  carinulis  2  sinuati:^  e  po.-it-scutelli 
angulis  eniergesceiitibas  «t  postice  convergeacentibus,  instruoto  ;  petiolo 
gracili,  in  medio  campanulato,  puuctato;  seoundo  segmento  paulum  iu- 
fundil)uliformi. — Caput  et  thorax  denst*  punctata,  argniiteo-sericea  ;  au- 
ttMuiaruni  articiilis  1-15  subtus,  genibus,    tibiia  et  tarsis,  fcrrugiueis  ; 


'  And  slightly  also  those  of  the  genus  Elimus. 


4S 


IIYMKNltPTKIlA    (»K    AMKIIKM. 


[I'AIir  I. 


\)*>ti(>1i  iiinrgn  flavo-iiotiituH ;  iiliu  hmMtmlutu  vuiiii.s  inrtHvatii'.  Lungit, 
O.dll. 

/if.iiiH»  jxiriHluH  Sauhs.  Vespiiles,  III,  11!),  T.,  pi.  11,  Hg.  1,  5,1  lsr)4. 

JJdh.  IJnizil.  Sdiilli  of  tin;  rrcivinco  of  (ioyaz.  ((.'ollootcd 
by  lli«!  Huvuiil  l)utuiiist  Augustu  do  St.  llilairt'.) 

Tliis  s|)i'ci«'.s  upproiwlics  to  tlio  form  of  Z.  Monlvztima ;  Jtut  it 
is  iiiiicli  less  coarsely  |Miiictiir('(|,  smaller,  and  very  clearly  rceog- 
iiizalile  by  (liu  areiiate  riil;j:(;  of  the  |Mtst-scutel,  wliicli  in  coiii- 
tiiiiiatioii  of  tliu  cariiiaj  of  tliu  iiictalliorax,  forms  u  promliKjut 
liorscslioc. 

y,   /'ftlote  -'initr  liiit>iir,jilij'orin,  (Ipjtrfimeil,  virij  iivirh  elunijule,  (is  in  Eumenei 
of  lucUiuii  f.     Tht  (ipiiiuruiice  oj'  a  Culliga.stur. 

31.  K.  striffOHIIA  n.  up. — Nipor,  falvo-Hi>r!c<«n.<,  pnram  flavo-ornfttum ; 

j)l(i-  et  ineMouoto  rulili:  uli'iijiii;  ulriijutis  :  liii'liiiioto  IU^d^o;  petiolo  linmri ; 
20  Re;:ui«nto  bnni  lirt'viier  pedancuhito;  i>uilibud  iiigrii),  llavetiuuuti- 
"pilusid ;  alisi  Hubhyaliiun. 

9.  Total  IfiiBth,  14  tnin. ;  wini?,  11  mm. 
%.  Total  luiigtli,  12  luui. ;  wing,  >•]  mm. 

9.  SliMwlcr.  Head  strijjatp-puneturod.  I'rothorax  sharply 
inarjriiied,  aii^idar  011  oaeli  .^idc,  hut  not  spiiiod,  oldi(iuely  .strigoso. 
TIh!  wliolo  disk  of  nicsotliorax  stroiinly  obli(jiiely  strigoso  luid 
wriiilvled;  the  striio  coiivergiiig  against  tiio  middle  carina. 
Sculelliim  shining  punctate,  a  little  sulcate  in  nuddlc,  as  the  post- 
scutelluni.  Metalliora.x  rugose,  velutinous,  wrinkled  on  each 
si(U',  ut  base  parted  by  a  channel ;  tht;  lateral  cantiii  carinated 
on  the  sides.  I'etiole  very  h)ng  and  slender,  not  globulously 
swollen,  but  quite  linear  (as  in  Euinenes  of  Division  Zeta)  flat- 
tened, shining,  and  jiurted  by  an  impressed  line,  jjunctate  on  the 
sides.  Collar  of  the  2d  .'segment  distinct;  the  hinder  margin  of 
this  segment  very  slightly  relje.xed. 

Jilack,  furnished  with  a  yellowish-silky,  or  rather  golden 
pubescence;  the  metathorax  and  pleura  with  cinereous  pubescence. 
A  line  on  the  base  of  the  inner  margin  of  mandible,  a  line  on  the 
scape,  two  dot.s  on  the  front,  a  very  narrow  line  on  both  margins 
of  ))rothorax,  the  post-teguUe,  angles  of  post-scutellum,  and  two 


■  Tlie  male  of  this  Hpecies  is  not  kuowu.     It  is  possible  that  it  should 
be  placed  iu  section  d. 


'iv.Tiiva. 


48 


fttsciio  on  motatIii)i"nx  yellow.  ScuIch  ninr^incil  with  hrowii ;  u 
iiaiTitw  yellow  suldiiiirjfiiml  Mik;  Itorderiii);  all  the  .se^meiils  uf 
the  alHloiiieii  ;  the  (itii  segiiieiil  yellow.  Feet  Mack,  knee.s  a  little 
fiiUtiis;  tiljiie  fiinil.tlied  with  silky-i?ol(|eii  hairs.  Iiitenueiliato 
tii)ia!  with  a  yellow  iiiio.  Wiiij^rt  siii»hyaliiie,  with  hrowii  veins. 
Oil  each  side  of  the  elypeus  is  a  vi-ry  tlull,  ol).«<olete,  yellow  luaeiila. 

9.  C'lypt'us  rouiideil,  u  little  tniiicalo  ut  tip,  puiielurecl,  rugo.«*e, 
hiaek. 

%.  riypeiifl  l)roa(l-(|ua(lrate,  stroiijriy  i)uncture(l,  sli^fhtly 
tnineato  iti  the  iiiiddle  of  its  inferior  margin,  with  two  hardly 
.•^ensihlo  edj^es ;  hlaek ;  the  lateral  yellow  spots  often  distinct. 
Antenntu  rather  thick;  IIkj  whole  terminal  hook  and  the  last  three 
joints  of  the  (lajfelliini  heneath,  yellowish. 

Var.  %. — a.  Clyixms  yellow,  with  the  top  part  and  e.xtrenio 
niarjrin  hlaek;  sometimes  also  with  two  hlaek  dots  on  the  yellow. 

h.  Clypeus  more  or  les.s  margined  with  yellow. 

I'a/*.  Z9. — n.  The  spots  of  the  forehead  wantinfif. 

h.  The  posterior  mar;,na  of  the  prothora.x  not  margined  with 
yellow. 

c.  The  anterior  margin  having  only  the  angles  yellow,  or  also 
a  little  line  in  the  middle. 

d,  Prothorax  Mack. 

Hub.  The  (jidf  sid((  of  Mexico.     Orizaba.     (Snmichrast.) 
This  .species,  although  very  variahle  in  its  ccjioring,  is  very 

distinct  by  its  lilil'orm  pedicule  and  by  the  strong  strigie  of  its 

dorsum.     It  has  ilm  fades  of  an  I^liinus. 


C.  Species  which  I  do  uot  knoxo,  and  of  xchich  the  anlennce  S, 
have  not  been  described.^ 


32.  Z.  albopictlis  Smith. —  9-  Nigf^r,  sat  teimiter  pnnctatiis  ;  cinereo 
serieeus ;  aiitemiis  siibtu.s  apice  ferruginescentibus ;  clypoo  utiinque 
iliivo-notato ;  proiioti  inargine,  macula  suljalari,  punctis  2  in  tugulis, 
scutelli  margine  iiiterruplo,  imnctis  2  post-.soutelli  tibiisque  extus, 
albidis;  abil.  segmeiitorum  1-3  limbo  ft  lineola  (utrinque?)  in  basi 
Recuudi,  albidis ;  alls  pullueidis,  secundum  cos  tarn  fuscis.    Longit,  4^  lin. 


•  Aa  the  form  of  the  abdomen  has  not  been  described,  I  presume  that  it 
offers  nothing  remarkalile,  and  that  iu  consequence  all  these  species  per- 
tain to  the  division  Zcthuscului. 


44  IIYMKNOI'TKKA    OF   AMKUICA.  [I'AKT  I. 

Zfl/ius  alhnpictnx  .Smith,  Gat.  Urit.  Mas.  Vesiiidie,  ISf)",  IT),  ;^2. 
Hah.   Si.  Domingo. 

33.  Z.  gracilis  Smith. — Ni.nor,  cayiito  et  tlioracc  grossc  punctatis; 
froiiti!  Kuloo  traiisvcrso  inter  antfimas  ft  carina  vcrtiuali  ail  iiiHdiuiii 
clypeuui  piodiu^ta  iiistructo ;  niftaiioto  in  latHril)iid  slriato ;  jictiolo 
Sparse  pmictato  ;  aluhiniine  sericco  ;  luinotis  "2  fnmtalihns  alxldniinisiinH 
st'ginentoruni  liiiilio  anguste,  Havis.  ^  antennaniin  scapo  ftutice  Ihivo. 
Longit,  4)  lin. — Alfinis  videtiir,  Z.  MiiiiIczhiiuf. 

Zelhus  ijracUis  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vespidae,  1857,  17,  43. 

Ilah.  Mexico. 

Sumll  spL'cic'.s,  of  Ihc  size  of  Z.  Monti'zumee. 

34.  Z.  laCTinoillls  Smith. —  9-  ^'per,  capite  grosse,  vortice  sparse, 
pmictato;  clypeo  rugosw  striato,  ai)ici'  suliciiuirninato;  thorai^f  pDJito, 
puiu;tis  distantihns  ali(iu()t ;  pioimti  margins  acnte  inarginato,  acnit) 
angulato;    uiesonoto  aiitioe  carina  abbnsviata,  ct   s-uicis   li  o  scut«lli 

'aiigulis  euifigHiitilms  ad  pronotmn  dnctis ;  nietanoto  veiutiiK),  bi- 
convcxo.  Tliorax  iiiaculis  2  in  jjronoti  angulis,  niacnla-subalari,  post- 
Bcnt(>lli(juo  fascia  interrupta,  llavin  ;  abdoiuiuu  jtolitu ;  alid  fuscu-cyaneis. 
Lougit,  9  liu. 

Zithus  liLi'inodun  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  VespidiB,  1857,  17,  44. 

JI<il>.  Mexico. 

IJy  the  fuscous  wings  this  Ri)ccic3  conies  near  to  Z.  tipinipcs, 
but  is  soi)arafc(|  froiii  it  hy  its  distinctly  polished  niesothomx,  and 
by  its  remarkably  large  size. 

35.  Z.  pallifllis  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vuspidie,  1857,  11,  10. 
IJah.  B  raz  i  1.  (N  u  m  Zdh  usv  u  I  u  s  ?) 

36.  Z.  SCIllpturalis  Smith,  ibid.  11,  11,  %. 
Ilab.  Brazil. 

31.  Z.  dllbi*>s  Smith,  ibid.  13,  19,  (}%. 
Ilab.  Brazil. 


1 
'4 


38.  Z.  carinatus  Smith,  ibid.  13,  20,  % . 
Eab.  Brazil. 


Z  Kill  us. 


45 


Division  DIDYMOGASTRA  Perty. 

(Saush.  Ve«pi(le.s,  I,  IH;  III,  120.) 

Second  scgmoiit  of  tliu  ulxloiiiou  loiigtiit'iicd  pediculate  ;  Its 
lH'(li(;uIar  purl  furmiii;.^  at  leant  a  fuiirlli  of  the  length  ol'  the  scg- 
uit'iit.     The  other  eharaeterri  as  in  Xtt/iusculuft. 

These  insects  have  very  slender  lorius  (ju  account  of  the  extra- 
orilinary  length  of  their  abdomen,  l»y  the  ;!onl)!e  articulation  of 
w'icli,  they  enjoy  the  singular  faculty  of  folding  tiiu  abdomen 
beneath  llie  thorax,  and  of  placing  the  terminal  pear  againt^t  the 
face  of  the  lumd. 

The  Ditlijmixjaxtra  inhabit  tlu;  hot  regions  of  America. 

One  'jannot  establish  any  line  of  demarcation  lietwecn  tlie 
Zcthusculus  and  the  Duiijinofjaslra;  these  last  form  theconlinua- 
tion  of  the  same  genera  and  only  rei)reseiit  the  ui(»re  lengthened 
modillcation  of  the  type.  The  two  series,  based  on  the  form  of 
the  antenna!  of  the  males,  continue  theuiselves  in  the  Dithpiio- 
(jnxirn.  So  this  division  is  wIkjIIv  cini»irieal,  and  shoiild  not  be 
pi'cservcd  except  to  facilitate  the  determiuatiou  of  species. 

A.  Antennae  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  rolled  spiral. 

39.  Z.  I'oeyi  Sauss.  (Fig.  4,  4a.) — NietT,  rugose  puiutatus,  tnfitanoto 
vix  .stiiato,  velutino  ;  pt'tiolo  polito,  tenuiter  piiiutato,  gilibo.so  ;  sccundo 
•ilid.  sogmento  licvi.  uitiilo,  peduuculo  niediocriter  eioiigato  ;  niaiidiljulis, 
frontis  fascia, orl)iti.sl)irt  intcrruptis,  proiiot<)aiilic8,inaLiilis2sul)alariltu*, 
tegulia,  seutello  i'X  post-smittsllo  aiitice,  maculis  2  nietaiKiti,  pt-tioli  apiye 
pedibus(iiie,  auraiitiacis,  liis  rufo  vel  uigro  variis  ;  abdoiuiiie  ultra  peti- 
nlum  rufo;  nli:^  llavescentilms,  apice  gri.seaceiitil)HS. 
'5  .  l-' route  cariiiato;  clypeo  aiiiantiaco,  euiargiiiato,  liideiitato  ;  maiidibulis 
llavis;  antuiniarmii  articiilis  l-2rufls,  fascia  llava ;  llagello  subtus  Ihivo- 
aiiiiulato,  apice  eoclileato,  llavo. 

Ztthus  Poeyi  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  ISf)?,  270. 

Total  length,  14  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

Tlead  and  thorax  quite  densely  cribro,  e  (moderate  and  a  little 
irregular  often,  in  form  of  an  obli(iuo  prick  of  pin).  Ocelli  pro- 
minent, arranged  in  a  rather  large  triangle.  Vertex  %  forming 
a  ridg(!  in  form  of  a  T,  of  which  the  vertical  limb  touches  the 
clypeus.  The  posterior  i)art  of  the  vertex  a  little  more  elevated 
than   the  ocelli.      Thorax  contracted   before,  its   margin    little 


46 


UYMENOPTEBA    (»F    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


salient.  Scutellum  puncturod  with  course  points,  nnrl  divided  by 
a  groove.  Metatliorux  jxinotured  on  each  side;  of  it.s  summit, 
neitlier  punctured  nor  striate  on  its  posterior  face,  but  velvety. 
Enlargement  of  the  petiole  convex;  its  swelling,  seen  in  profile, 
is  more  salient  near  its  base,  and  is  depressed  and  contracted 
behind  ;  on  its  extremity  is  an  excavation.  This  enlargement, 
seemingly  smooth  and  polished,  is  quite  finely  punctured.  Second 
segment  very  shining  and  polished,  its  pedicle  ecpialling  a  third 
of  its  length  and  widening  posteriorly;  the  globular  bell,  as  long 
as  wide,  enlarging  gradually.  Seen  in  profile,  it  is  much  more 
swelled  above  than  beneath. 

Insect  black,  with  orange  markings,  which  are  in  general 
arranged  as  follows:  sinus  of  the  eyes,  the  transverse  bar  of  the 
frontal  T,  a  point  on  the  summit  of  each  eye  and  the  orbit  behind 
the  eyes ;  the  prothorax,  wholly  or  in  part,  a  spot  under  the 
wing,  wing-seale,  the  anterior  portion  of  the  scutellum  and  of  the 
post-scutel,  two  spots  on  the  raetathorax  and  the  extremity  of 
the  petiole,  orange.  These  markings  are  more  or  less  developed; 
they  may  be  more  extended,  or  in  i)art  wanting.  The  remainder 
of  the  abdomen  is  of  a  beautiful  red  or  ferrugi:ion;4,  with  the 
base  of  the  pedicle  black.  Scape  of  the  ante:uiie  ferruginous. 
Feet  yellow,  varied  with  ferruginous.  Wings  fe-ruginous,  with 
the  end  lightly  g"ay,  carrying  a  little  reflection  of  violet. 

9.  Clypeus  rounded,  black,  with  two  oblique  yellow  bands  at 
the  superior  margin;  2d  joint  of  the  auteniKO  ferruginous;  a 
whole  band  of  yellow  under  the  wing;  the  margin  of  the  2d  abd. 
segment  narrowly  yellow. 

%.  End  of  the  antennaj  rolled  spirally.  Clypeus  orange,  finely 
punctured ;  its  inferior  border  armed  with  two  separated  teeth, 
with  an  arcuate  border  between  them,  in  the  middle  of  which  is  a 
little  salient  tooth,  often  hardly  visible.  The  first  two  and  (he 
last  two  articles  of  the  antennte  orange;  tlu^  flagclluni  annulate 
with  this  color  beneath ;  the  termiual  spiral  orange  ;  the  hi.st 
article  obscure. 

Var.  The  specimens  of  other  localities  pos.scss,  without  doul)t, 
more  of  black  on  the  abdomen  and  antenniu. 

Iiesi<.  a.  diff. — This  Didijmoc/astra  is  easily  distinguished  from 
Z.  C'lilcoti'ncatl,  by  the  rugose  aspect  of  its  head  and  thorax,  by 
its  much  less  striate  metatborax,  by  its  petiole  more  swelled 


ZETHUS. 


47 


I', 

a 

ito 
list 


abovo,  distinctly  punctured;  by  its  soodnd  sep;ment  witli  its  Il'.ss 
extended  pedicle,  and  by  the  yellow  markings  of  all  the  body. 

It  dillers  from  ^.  Malzivatzin,  in  its  smaller  size,  in  its  niueh 
more  lengthened  thorax,  having  a  mesolhoracic  disk  longer  than 
wide;  in  its  metathorax,  devoid  of  middle  cariiiic  and  of  sino(>)h 
spaces  at  the  superior  angles;  in  its  scutelluni,  simple,  depressed, 
angular  (not  emarginate)  posteriorly;  in  its  less  enlarge(l  and 
more  punctured  petiole,  and  in  its  head  smaller,  without  swelling 
of  the  vertex. 

The  %  differs  in  its  clypcus,  <piadrato,  largo,  convex  and  notched 
as  in  the  Z.  Poi'ip',  not  flattened  and  advanced  in  the  middle  as 
with  the  M(ilzicalzi)i ;  by  the  antenna;  terminating  in  a  spiral,  by 
the  ocelli  placed  upon  a  scarcely  oblicpu;  i)l.ine,  etc. 

Hnh.  The  island  of  Cuba.  This  l)eautiful  insect  was  given  me 
by  Prof.  F.  Toey. 

Ohservatinn. — In  tlie  figure,  the  tliorax  is  too  large  and  the  form  of  the 
abdouieu  is  not  perfectly  natural. 

40.  Z.  Romandinus  S.vnss. — Niger,  cinereo-sericeua,  capite  lato, 
dens(!  punctato;  tlmrace  grosse  crilirato,  antiue  cristato-marginato ; 
scutello  convexo,  sulcii,  bipartito;  nietanoto  conve.xo,  hand  foveolato, 
Telutino,  tenuiter  punctato,  supra  iitrinque  spatio  nitido  la5vi  ;  petiole 
dens('  punctato,  nitido,  postico  pauluni  attenuato,  (lavo-Tuarginato; 
Si'cuiido  segnifuto  sat  breviter  pedunculato  tanciuain  in  Diili/iiiuijaslrn, 
piriforniiter  dilatnto,  niarginetu  vcrsu:?  tenuiter  punctato,  tenuissinie 
flavo  Reu  ferruglneo-limbato  ;  reliquis  ;>H»ir/(»<is,  piceo-linibatis;  tegulia 
ferrugineo  n)arginatis,  pcdibus,  fuscescentibus;  tibiis  intermediis  flavo- 
variis;  aiis  diaphanis,  subfuscescentibus. 

J  .  Clypeo  traiisversim  quadrate,  flavo,  tenuiter  bidentato;  anteunis  sub- 
tU3  apiceiu  versus  tlavo-annulatis  et  apice  cochlea  falva. 

Lougitudo,  14  mm. ;  alae,  10  mm. 

ZctliH.i   RiimnniUnnx   Saiiss?.  Vespides   I,  20,  22,  pi.  ix,  fig.  1,  9  ,  1852. 
Hovue  de  Zool.  X,  ISfiS,  104. 

Hah.  Cayenne.     (Typns  in  auctoris  musa;o.) 

This  Zrlliuii  constructs  with  woody  ril)res  and  gummy  nmterials 
several  rounded  cells,  with  thick  walls  toward  the  bottom  and 
irregularly  united,  recalling  a  little  those  of  liomhim  (s(!e  Sauss. 
A^espides,  I,  pi.  ix,  fig.  1,  <•)■  '1''^'  iufstincts  of  these  iiuseets  appear 
to  progress  toward  the  habits  of  the  Social  \V  asps. 


48  IIVMKNOI'TKUA    OF    AMKIUCA.  [I'AHT  I. 

'II.  Z.  aiiriilentiiH  SArss. 

Zellms  aunUetis  tsAUss.  Vespidea,  III,  121,  S,  pi.  vi,  fig.  &,  9i  1^04. 

JJdh.  JJnizil. 

43*  Z.  Matzicatzin  Satss. — Niger;  capita  discoidali,  lato,  facie 
fiibrala,  veitice  sujira  iiillalo,  minus  cribralo;  ocoliis  in  dtclivitdte 
J'riiutis  Hitia  ;  tiiorace  grosso  cribiato,  postsoiitcllo  truncato,  postiue  ex- 
ciso,  carinafo;  metanoto  huIuo  conspiuuo,  at  fovoola  nulla;  infra  vjilde 
striato, .su{>ra  l;evi,  in  niuiliu  biuaiinalo  ;  {x^tiulo  pulito  iuipunetato,  Taidu 
inllato,  a]iiut)  punuto  luaxiiuo  iuipru^so;  st'uundo  Kegniunto  longe  ]>e(luu- 
cuiato,  iiifdio  mar^iiiH  inipresso,  cum  leliiuis  rufo ;  tcrtio  punctato,  in 
mfdio  i)roiliic"t();  jHinctis  frontaiibus  et  post-ocuiaribun  2,  pronoti 
luai'ginu,  macula  Hubalari  et  inaculis  2  ticutelli,  limbuquu  segmenturum 
1,  2,  llavis ;  tibiis  rufls  ;  alls  fusoo-Havesuentibus. 

J,.  Sciiti'llo  piano,  tunuiter  punctato,  infra  macula  Ircvi  et  margiue  iu 
niHilio  ^<ubpr()ducto  ;  antennarum  scapo  subtud  llavu. 

Zcthua  Matzicutziu  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag.  do  Zool.  l^■'■)7,  271. 

Total  leugth,  18  mm. ;  wiug,  11  mm. 


.Man(lil)l('s  oI)li(iu('ly  truncMtc,  trciu'haiit,  williout  teetli,  but 
with  a  siiiglo  l()l)o.  Head  very  largo,  luucli  wider  tliaii  thorax  , 
face  ilaUiMitd;  (X'l'lli  arranged  in  a  broad  triangle  and  placed, 
not  on  the  sununit,  but  on  the  slope  of  the  vertex.  Vertcv 
strongly  enlarged  transvc  'v  behind  the  ocelli,  but  swelled 
upward.  Faee  olTering  be^  .  n  the  anteiniuj  two  little  vertical 
cariniu.  Thorax  very  short,  (juadrate,  depressed ;  the  margin  of 
the  prothorax  little  prominent.  Disk  of  (he  mesothorax  wider 
than  long  ;  its  anterior  curve  describing  a  .semicircle,  not  an 
ellipse  as  in  all  die  preceding  speeie.H.  Seutelluni  divided  by  a 
channel.  Post-scutel  truncate,  angulato;  its  posterior  Ijorder 
olfering  a  concavity  and  carrying  an  arcuated  ridge  interrupted  in 
the  middle  (which  especially  distinguishes  it  from  the  preceding 
species,  whi(;li  has  the  pf)st-scutel  whole  rounded  above),  ^[eta- 
thorax  very  angulate,  having  four  sharp  ridges,  so  to  speak  :  1st, 
the  two  ordinary  lateral  ones,  which  hero  form  two  sharp  crests; 
L'd,  two  other  very  short  ones,  which  start  from  tho  angles  of  the 
post-scutel ;  the  middle  divided  by  a  strong  channel,  but,  properly 
speaking,  without  any  concavity.  The  summit  of  the  metathorax, 
especially  the  space  situated  on  each  side  between  the  two  ridges, 
is  smooth,  shining,  not  |)unctnred  (or  very  finely  striated)  the 
remainder  wrinkled.    The  flanks  under  the  lateral  ridges  smooth 


ZETUrS. 


4'.) 


and  sliiiiiiiir.  I'ftiulo  (juitc  IfiiiiMliciicil-pcdiciilatu;  its  elliptical 
i'iiliirj,a'iiit'iil  is  <fliil»iiliii'ly  swelled  al)ov»!,  as  liij^h  as  wide  (siib- 
coiiipressed),  liaviiij^  (»ii  its  posterior  exireiiiity  ahdve,  a  hirj^e 
oxeavatioii,  and  on  each  side  a  larj^e  transverse?  frrnove,  which 
compresses  the  end  of  the  petiole,  Itiit  withont  coalescin}:^  with  the 
middle  proovc.  Seenn<l  scfrineiit  lenf^thcned-pcdiculate,  almost  as 
in  the  Z.  Chirotcnvall ;  its  ^lolmlar  )»art  very  flat  Itenenth,  and 
nnich  swelled  above  frcm  its  base;  its  first  posterior  border  a 
little  sinuous,  preceded  in  the  middle  by  a  vaj^ne  depression — its 
second  border  not  beinj?  at  all  reilect<;(l.  Marjrin  of  the  third 
se<rinent  formed  in  the  same  way,  but  the  first  border  more 
sinuous.  Head  coarsely  punctured;  the  face  cribrose,  i)ut  the 
vertical  inflation  very  much  less.  Thora.x;  cribrose  with  sunken 
jioints,  except  the  metathorax.  Petiole  and  abdomen  smooth 
ami  shininir.  while  the  last  is  very  finely  punctured.  The  third 
se<rment  punctured. 

Insect  black,  {j^arnished  with  a  jrray  or  slicrhtly  jrolden  jiile;  two 
spots  on  the  face,  one  behind  eaidi  eye;  iinir<rin  of  tln^  prothorax, 
a  point  under  the  wing,  two  spots  on  the  seutellum,  and  thebf)rders 
of  the  1st  and  2d  seg'nents,  yellow.  The  abdomen,  except  the 
petiole,  of  a  brown  purple  or  ferruginous.  Feet  black,  varictl 
with  ferruginous.  Wings  washed  with  l)rown-ycllowisli,  nervures 
brown;   wing  s"ales  bordered  with  brown  or  yellow. 

%  .  Clypeus  very  flat,  i)unctured  ;  its  inferior  margin  ndvaneecl 
in  the  middle,  entire  ;  a  sniooth  lozenge  or  triangle  in  the  middle 
of  its  inferior  extremity  ;  this  ))iece  is  black,  covered  with  gray 
hair — its  lozenge-shaped  jjart  smooth,  often  yellow.  Anti'iime 
black,  with  front  of  the  scape  yellow  and  terniiuated  by  a  little 
ferruginous  hook. 

7?c.s.s.  a.  diff. — See  the  affinitios  of  Z.  Chicofenrall  and  Poci/i. 

The  Z.  nigcr  olTors  also  two  nietathoracic  carinie  smarting  from 
the  angles  of  the  post-scutel;  but  in  this  species  the  post-scntcl 
is  not  crenulated,  ami  there  is  between  these  cariiue  a  concave 
]tit,  while  here  the  two  moit'ties  of  the  metathorax  remain  convex 
and  arc  separated  by  a  deep  furrow.  The  thorax  and  the  head 
are  also  smaller,  etc. 

Hab.  The  gulf  side  of  Mexico.  Tampico.  I  have  taken  but 
one  specimen  {%). 

By  the  very  remarkable  form  of  its  clypeus  and  its  mandibles, 


60 


IIYMENOPTERA    OF    AMKIUCA. 


[PAHT  I. 


this  species  deserves    o  bo  uoted  as  lit  to  serve  as  the  type  of  one 
section  of  tliis  genus. 


B.  Antenrife  of  %  torminated  by  a  honk. 

43«  Z>  Ililarianug  Satrh. — OraciliH,  niger;  capito  dense  punctato, 
supra  «t  ponu  ouulos  tuiuffauto ;  thoraoe  luinud  duiise  punctato ;  prn- 
iioto  Talde  crintato-marginato,  sed  angulii)  hand  acitia  ;  tneRonnti  disuo 
oarinis  2  Isevibuii  trajcuto;  post-Rcutello  medio  nabdentato;  inetanoto 
Telutino,  rugoso,  striato,  in  nieiliu  canaliuulato;  alidoininis  ))«tioli 
tuinefactione  ovata,  sat  globosoinllata  punctulata;  sccundo  Hfgniento 
globoHo,  sericHO,  basi  sat  loiign  petiolrito  (pctiolns  tortiani  partem  longi- 
tudinis  efRcienw);  8«gmenti.s  reliijuis  punotatis.  Corpus  nmnino  velu- 
tiuura,  argnntt^u-sericeum ;  puucta  frontalia  2,  maculas  2  post-ouularea, 
untennarum  articuli  1-3  et  apex,  thorax,  petioli  latera  ot  pedes,  rufn  ; 
petioli  apex  et  lineola  utrintiue  in  secundi  segment!  petiole,  flava;  seg- 
mentorum  liinbns  tenuitor  piueus  vel  rufus.  Alae  infuscatce,  costa  nigra. 
Longit,  O.dlO  mm. 

J.  Clyi)eo  convexo,  punctato,  apice  late  subexciso,  tridentulato ;  niaculis 
2   iitHraHbua  mils. 

3  .  Clypeo  truncato,  rufo  vel  flavfiscente  maoula  media  et  basi  nigris,  vt.-l 
uj^ro  marginu  infero  rufo  et  lolerali  llavo;  auteunis  apice  ultimo 
minuto  rufo. 

Viir.  Color  variabilis,  plus  miniisvo  rufescens  vol  nigresceus ;  disco 
raesonoti  obscuro  vel  nigro,  carinis  rufis  ;  etc. 

Zethus  Jlilarianus  Sadss.  Vespidos,  III,  120,  7,  pi.  vi,  flg.  6,  9    lSr)4. 

Varies  in  havinf;,  the  margin  of  pronotum  and  the  post-seutel 
yellow,  and  in  the  distribution  of  colors,  the  reddish  and  bUicK 
passing  one  to  the  otiier;  but,  nevertheless,  a  distinct  species 
by  its  niesothoracical  carina?. 

JIab.  IJrazii.  Middle  of  the  province  of  Goyaz.  (The  type 
is  in  the  Paris  museum. ) — V'euezuela,  Caracas. 

44.  Z.  geniculatiis  Spin. 

Didjimoijastra  tjcniculata  Spin.  Mem.  Acad.  Turin,  XIII,  1853,  80,  60. 
Z^ihus  geniculatns  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  22;   III,  120,  (5. 

Metanoto  postioe  bicariuato ;  colore  afflnis  Z.  iiiijro. 
Ilab.  IJrazil.     Para.    (Typus  in  mus.  Taurinense.) 

45.  Z.  dicoiuboda  Spin. — Nigi^r,  gracilis,  dense  punctatus,  cinereo- 
sericeus;  pronoto  antice  cristato-mnrgiiiato,  angulato;  mesonoti  disco 
bicariuato;  metanoto  convexo,  velutino,  baud  rugoao,  in  medio  striato. 


ZETIH  8. 


61 


Abdomoii  graoile,  petioloHlongato,  paruin  inflato,  puiictato,  apic«  puncto 
Iniprt'rtHo  uullo ;  secumlo  SHgnieiito  at  loiige  peiliinculato,  ovalo-dilatato, 
deprcsNO  et  luiiuiter  punotalo. — I'uiiota  li  frontis,  pnmoti  ♦■t  t«'gulaium 
niargo,  post-scutflluin,  fancin'  '2  luetanoti  et  alxl.  segnientnruiu  1-2 
ujargo,  n»Hi  non  fasoia  utrhuiue  petioli  shcuikH  Hegmeiiti  (vul  petioll 
apiciri)  albula;  foiiinra  iiitoriiiHitia  sulitus  allii<lo  rnria;  ahe  hyalinre, 
veiiis  ftirnigiiieis,  apicH  grisi'o-iKihiilosin.     Li>iit<it,  O.uir)  mm. 

9.  ClypHO  iiigio,  rugoMo,  Iniiicalo,  Hul)-biil.Mitatt)  (vcl  siili-triili-iitato). 

^.  Clypoo  alliiilo,  supra  iiigro,  margiim  iiifero  bideiitato,  teiiuissime  uigro 
limbato;  aiituunis  iiigrLs,  uncinatia. 

Jilii/ioHii  flicouilioild  Si'i.n()i,a!  Oay's  Ilistoria  flsica  de  Chile  (Fauna  Clii- 

l«iia),  VI,  Ifiil,  250. 
Zethui  tlisroiiibuda  tiwKa,  Vespides,  I,  21,  2!). 

Hal).  Chili.  (Typi  in  luuseo  Pnririien.su  et  in  auctoris  .sorvmitur.) 


C.   Spi'cies  0/ which  the  acction  remains  umletermincd. 

46.  Z.  rilicofencatl  SAr.«s.  (Fig.  .''),  rifi.)— Niwr,  pDlitus,  fulvo 
hii'tiis,  clypt'o  coiivexo,  capite  dense  piinctiilato,  tliorai'e  la;vigato,  in 
medio  <lise<>  iiitido,  impunutato;  proiioto  antioe  ft  pone  angulos  in 
lateribus  oristato-marginato;  metanulo  Itaml  e.xc-avato,  ubiijue  rugose 
striato,  petiolo  parum  intlato,  impunctato,  nitidissimo,  sucundo  sngmiinlo 
longe  pedunculato,  seriueo,  Heoundnni  niarginem  punutato,  margine  sub- 
jacente  reflexo ;  antennia  subtus  flavis;  punctis  2  frontalilius,  macnli.s 
2  metanoti,  et  abdoin.  seginentorum  limlio  (ali<inaMdo(iue  pronoti), 
tibiisque  supra,  tlavia  ,  alia  ferruginesuentibu».       9. 

Zethus  Chicotencall  Saijss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  IS.")?,  271. 
Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 

9.  Mandibles  strongly  tri(lcntat«\  C!!lypons  rnnndcd,  very 
oonvcx,  but  fnit'ly  pniiftiircd,  Irniiciilc  or  siil)-bilobo<l  mi  its  in- 
ferior border,  in  the  middle  of  which  is  a  smooth  space.  Heiid 
densely  piinctnred,  but  not  ruirose.  Ocelli  salient,  placed  in  a 
regular  triangle  on  the  vertex,  the  head  a  little  contracted  behind. 
Tliora.v  shining  and  polished,  7int  bring  jmnolured  above  the 
middle;  margin  of  prothora.v  forming  a  salient  lamina;  this 
margin  reflexes  upon  it.s  angles  and  prolongs  itself  behind,  along 
the  lateral  border  of  the  prothorax  over  a  moiety  of  the  distance 
from  the  wing  scale.  Mesothorax  pnnctnred  along  th«  scutellnin. 
without  groove  on  its  hinder  part,  but  enrrving  a  doable  longi- 
tudinal groove  on  it.s  anterior  moiety;  sentellnm  convex  and 
shining,  feebly  punctured.     Metathorax  a  little  flattened  behind. 


69 


IIYMENOPTEHA   OF   AMCUICA. 


[l>AUT  I. 


having  a  very  sinull  groovo,  strongly  slriutt'il  trunsvi-rscly  or 
rulliur  cluiiuielltMl  iu  all  its  supuriot*  and  posUirior  siirt'aco  (situated 
above  tliu  latoral  ridges).  Soiuo  striiu,  hut  less  dislinet,  also 
covur  entirely  llie  lateral  I'aees  of  tlie  luetatliorax,  iteiieatli  tlie 
angles.  Enlai'geuieut  of  the  petiole  iu  an  oval  i'onu,  niueli 
lengthened,  depressed,  without  any  globular  swelling  above;  its 
linear  portion  short,  etjual  to  u  third  the  length  of  the  petiole, 
smooth,  shining,  without  punetures.  The  posterior  dt'i)ression 
not  having  an  excavated  point,  Ijut  a  transverse  shining  channel. 
Second  segment  much  lengthened,  pediculate ;  its  petlicle  form- 
ing almost  the  moiety  of  the  length  of  the  segnient,  which  olTers 
a  zone  of  line  punctun-.s  along  it.s  j)osterior  border;  the  st-coml 
lamina  of  this  margin  a  little  reileded.  The  whole  insect  is 
covered  with  a  tawny  pile  almost  wo(jlly  on  the  thorax,  gray  on 
the  metalhorax,  a  little  golden  on  the  aljilomeii,  Imt  the  body  is 
polished  ami  shining,  especially  the  petiole,  which  does  not  show 
any  punctures. 

Color  black ;  antcnmc  ferruginous  beneath,  obscure  above. 
Two  dots  on  the  face,  two  spots  on  the  metathorax  and  often  the 
post-scutel  and  the  margin  of  the  prothorax,  yellow  or  tawny. 
Petiole  having  a  yellow  interrui)ted  border;  the  abdominal 
segments  wholly  or  in  part  margined  with  a  very  narrow  yellow 
line.  Feet  black.  Til)iiu  yellow  before.  Wings  transparent, 
washed  with  yellowish-gray. 

Jicss.  a.  diff. — This  species  appears  to  mc  very  near  to  Z. 
tubuUjW.  Jt  umy  even  be  identical;  which  I  dare  not  suy  posi- 
tively, not  having  the  type  of  this  last  before  my  eyes,  and  being 
without  a  sufficient  description. 

It  is  very  recognizablj  by  its  back  aa  well  as  its  petiole,  being 
without  punctures  and  shining.  The  Z.  Chicotencatl  is  not  diffi- 
cult to  distinguish  from  the  Z.  Matzivatzin,  )iy  its  metathorax, 
rugose  even  to  the  summit  and  without  middle  carina;,  by  its  ])ost- 
scutel,  which  is  not  notched  l)ehind,  by  its  much  less  enlarged 
petiole,  by  the  border  of  its  second  segment,  which  is  punctured, 
and  by  the  second  lamina  of  its  border,  which  is  turned  up ;  per- 
haps also  l)y  its  thorax,  which  is  not  cribrose,  and  by  the  ocelli, 
which  occupy  the  summit  of  the  vertex. 

Hah.  The  gulf  shor")  of  Mexico.  I  have  taken  it  at  Tainplco. 
(The  Z,  tuhuUfer  comes  from  Orizaba  iu  the  Cordillera:?.) 


ZET1IU8. 


53 


Oli!>frr(ilii>n. — In  tli«  fimiro  tlu.>  iM'tioltj  in  not  qnitrt  suiMcnly  enoni?h 
oiilaigtxl,  ami  tliu  piutile  of  tli«  {x-diili^  of  tliH  st-uoud  sugiiiuul  is  u  little 
too  ttliurt,  tts  aluo  iu  thti  liujur  part  of  tliu  ;)etiole. 

41.  Z.  tllbUlifer  Sats.-j.  Vespldcs,  I,  18,  10,  9.— Nis'i-r;  dypeo 
rotuinluto;  anttMiiiaruiii  .icapo  suhtus  fHrrugliied-iiotatn  ;  |in)ii(it()  nii,i{U- 
luto;  puiiotis  2  froiitaliliun.  proiioti  iiiaigiiic,  tn^iilis  partiiii,  iiiaiiulis  2 
scutt'lli,  fascia  iiit''ri-u[ita  jm..  t.>(;utt'lli,  iiiacuiis  "J  iin'tatidti,  iiiai\'iiit) 
liiiHolaiiiii;  latt^rali  iiti'ini|iii'  |i>'tii(li  a|ii.;^x.  SHt;iii(Mitoriiiu  iiiargiiiu  piiiiu- 
tisquu  cdxaruiu,  llavis;  peiiibus  Uavo-vuiiis,  alis  fumo^sid.  Lougit, 
(I.U17-1H. 

JJab.  Mexico.     Oriental  Cordillera. 


48.  Z.  ZendalllA  n.  sp. — Nlu'cr,  pnnctnlatns,  capite  et  thornco 
gilHt'O-Hericaiitti ;  iiietaiiotd  temiissiiiii!  uig.Uo  ;  pronoti  I'aHcia,  macula 
Bulialai'i,  iiiaculit)  2  sciitKlli,  2  iiH-taiioti,  petioli  apicis  liiiHolin  2  laterali- 
lius,  el  !iii<^(  lis  2  latHialiliiis  2'  Hci,'iiienti  basis,  citiiiii.s;  segmentis  roll- 
quid  late  rufo-margiiiatis;  aim  riifo.     9 

9  .  Total  length,  14  iniu. ;  wing,  10-11  mm. 

Head  nml' thorax  densely  nnd  delicately  puiietiirod.  A  little 
compressed  brilliant  point  between  tlie  antenna^.  Protliorax 
niar^'ined,  but  not  an^nialed,  ^Nlctatliorax  vchitinons,  very 
delicately  s'rif^'ate,  divided  by  a  clnuMioi.  Pel  idle  ovate,  narrow, 
very  delicately  i)unctured  like  tin;  abdomen,  dcslilute  of  an  im- 
pression at  t."  end.     Peduncle  of  the  2d  scffinent  rather  lon^. 

Black,  with  grajMsh  hair;  the  niar<rin  of  protliorax,  a  .spot 
under  the  winjj,  two  on  the  scntcl,  two  eIon,t?at(!  nnicnhe  on  tho 
nietathorax,  and  a  sinuous  laL-ral  line  on  each  side  of  the  extremity 
of  the  petiole,  a  line  on  eacii  side  of  the  peduncle  of  the  -2(1  sej^- 
meiit,  and  two  dots  at  its  base,  lenion-yellow  ;  a  broad  fascia  on 
the  maririn  of  scfrmeiits  2il-r)th,  and  the  Cilii  scifnuMit,  oranfjc- 
yellow  or  rufous.  The  apex  of  th"  petiole  has  no  yellow  margin 
and  no  groove,  but  the  liase  of  the  peduncle  of  the  second  seg- 
nients  has  two  yellow  dot^^,  which  can  lie  easily  fMken  by  eimr 
for  a  yellow  nutrkllig  of  llir  apex  of  tin;  petiide.  I'eet  Ijlack. 
Wings  smoky  with  a  golden  rcllection,  (he  nerves  black. 

9.  Clypcus  rounded,  deiisidy  punctate,  black  like  the  antenna} 
and  mandibh'H. 

i^v-^s.  a.  iliji'. — Distinct  from  Matzicntzin  by  its  moderate  head, 
absence  of  impression  at   the  end   of  petiole,  and  absence  of 


54 


HYMKNOPTKRA    OF   AMKRICA. 


[part  T. 


eui'iiiiu  oil  tlie  iiiitldlo  part  of  tl»o  metal Imnix.  Differs  from  (Jhi- 
colenvall  by  its  iirotliunix  not  crt'stcd  on  the  Hides,  Us  putiolo 
nurrower,  ete.  It  conifs  very  nciir  to  Jtuintttnh  ititi,  )i\\\  the  thorax 
is  shorter  anteriorly,  Mioro  narrowed  posteriorly ;  llio  petiole 
nurrower,  hss  in(hit<i|,  ete. 
Hub.  Mexico,     'llic  Uricntul  Cordillera  (Mr.  Suiuichrusl). 


49.  Z.  iniHCOKaHter  Sachs.— 9-  MinutiiH,  niger,  rlemn  pnnctutuA, 
ciiitTHo  hirtiiH;  olypen  iiit«>{ro,  riij;i>s(),  piloso ;  fioiito  ii)t«r  niitcimnH 
tniiisvHrrtiiu  ciirinuto;  ouollid  in  .suiiinio  froiitu  nitis.  Tlidiax  uiitiue 
cridtatiirt,  variniituri,  hiiiiiHriH  Imud  Mpinosis;  postscutello  et  UKttnuoto 
liiuiil  ni^nsis,  Vfliitinin,  liou  tHiitiitHr  strinto,  iico  i;arinato,  iit-u  distincttt 
f(>v«M)lat(>,  HHil  suli'o  profiiiiilo  diviso.  AIhIoiiihii  pdlitinii.  Hfricuiiin  ; 
ptttiolo  «<)oi)gat(),  }iaruiii  iiillato,  supra  paruin  L;ibbu:t(>;  .Sfcui)ilosft<uiento 
loiiffH  pHilniuuilato,  ovato-dilalalu  sulMlepresso.  Caput  iiuuiauulatum  ; 
proiioti  luargt),  luauula  Hubalaris,  inaculie  scuteili  et  '2  luutauoti,  lineola 
atrin(]UH,  pctioli  apex,  liuil>us  sticuiidi  sfiiineuti,  liiiHola(iue  utrinijUK  in 
basi  p«duni!uli,  llava.     Alji-  subpellucidre,  veuin  fusois. — Lougit.  ('.015. 

Z.  tlisconihiulir  siinilis  at  minor,  et  pronoto  liaud  anijnloso  diffHrt.  A  Z. 
Il'iH'indino  ditfttrt  stature  grauiliore,  petiulo  minus  punutato  ot  minus  tume- 
faolo. 

ZflliHs  iniHcngmter  Satss.  Vnspides,  I,  18,  18,  9i  IS.'iO. 

Zcthua  microijtiiiliir  (per  errurem)  Sau88.  Uerue  Zuol.  X,  1858,  l(j3. 

Uab.  South  America.     (Typus  iu  auctoris  museo.) 

50*  Z.  binodis  Fabr. — Oracilis,  nignr,  dense  pnnotatnn.  Caput  latum, 
dense  eriliratnui ;  clypco  rus'o-io  cril)rato,  inte^ro.  Tliorax  cril)ratus, 
cristato-marginatus,  clypeo  i-.onvoxo,  nitido,  cril»rato;  postscutello  liaud 
oribrato,  postice  truiKtato,  sed  cantiio  auiitn  nullo;  metanoto  in  medio 
foveolato,  carinia  proniinentitius  duabus  e  postscutelli  angulis  eniergen- 
tibus;  spatio  extra  cariuam  sito  utrinque  valde  striato-plicato  ;  usque  ad 
oanthnm  lateralem  aouturn.  Abdominis  petiolo  ^x>1ito,  tenuiter  punc- 
tato,  sat  ovato-tunintiKito,  apioe  utrinqne  flavo-notato;  secuido  segniento 
glol)oso,  longe  pednnculato,  uliiipit!  tenuiter  puinttato,  seriueo  setoso,  in 
medio  raargine  imprenso  ;  tertio,  in  medio  margine  pauluni  produoto  ; 
2o  et  ;P  tenuissime  tlavo-marginatis;  reliquis  piceis  vel  ferrugineis. 
Tibiae  1,  2,  ferrugineie.     Alae  subhyatin».     Longit,  0.017. 

Ve»pn  hinodiH  Fabb.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  1798,  204.— CoQUBB.  Illust.  Icon. 

Ins.  pt.  XV,  flg.  2. 
Enminea  binixtts  Fabh.  S.  P.  287. 
Zithus  hinodis  Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  20,  23.' 


•  Typus  iu  museo  Parisieusi. 


XKTIIL'S. 


6ft 


yflhiii  niffer  Hacm.    Vesiii.l.ta,  I,  1K.V2,  21,  24,  pi.  viil,  !!«.  0.» 

A  /.  Himiiiiiliiio  ilill'ttrt  iimtiusoto  fjiriii.ito,  fovfol.ito  hI  plicrato;  petlolo 
glnbo^ioi'H  itt  iiiiiiiis  vjiIiIh  |)iiiu-t;it(i ,  shciiihIo  hImI.  .>«>i;iueiiti>  glol'osiore, 
Hingis  iMMlmioiil.'ito,  et  ]iiiiiuUtiuii; ,  imgrnuulid  J-D  miuu.i  puuctutia,  t-jrtii 
luargiue  in  m<!(lio  pruduuto. 

Uab.  C'ayenno. 

51.  Z.  didymoffaHter  Bpin.  • 

Zcthus  (Udi/moijusUr  Si'iN.  Ann.  Soo.  Ent.  Fr.,  1841,  X,  1!13,  9. 

IJah.  {'iiyennc. 

This  species  dilTors  from  Z.  hininlU  in  its  very  wide  clypous, 
liaviii)^  a  slnii^lit  l)ordor,  iiriiu'd  willi  two  distant  tcetli.  (lias 
not  tiic  uutlior  talicii  a  inalu  d  '•  a  foiiialu  ?  Only  liie  lualcts  have 
llic  olypeus  twice  as  wide  as  I   ug.) 

(Vi.  Z.  f  ilHClls  Pertt. 

Didi/mo'jdstra fimcn  Pkiity,  Delect.  Anim.  Artie.  HS,  pi.  XXVIII,  flg.  5, 

9,  1830. 
Xethits J'usciti  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  I'J,  21 ;  III,  120. 

Bab.  Brazil.     Auia/.on. 

53.  Z.  SmithiiSADsH. 

y  '//us  Smithii  Sadsh.  Vesjpides,  III,  122,  9,  9« 
Metanoto  striato;  alia  fu^co-cyauuia. 

Hab.  South  America. 

SPECIES  WHICH  I  DO  NOT  KNOW. 

The  following  species  of  the  genus  Zelhnx,  all  from  Brazil, 
have  been  described  by  Fred.  Smith  in  the  Catalogue  of  the 
Vespidte  of  the  British  museum,  page  11-18. 

Z.  pallidas — sc ii Iptu ralis — diibius. 

Z.  carinatus — albopidus — f/racilis — laevinodus. 


'  Typns  in  auctoris  miiseo. 

*  Errata.     Fig.  8,  pi.  viii,  Vespides,  I,  does  not  represent  this  species, 
but  Z.  piriformis. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


.O     4,. 


1.0 


I.I 


144  IIM 
— 


IM 
1.8 


1.25 

1.4 

1.6 

-^ 6"     - 

► 

'm 


^ 


//, 


7 


•r>: 


^a 


y 


>^ 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


4 


t> 


56 


IIYMEXOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[PAIIT  I. 


Geu.  L,ADU$  Sauss. 

Liibus  Sauss.  Reise  d.  Oesterr.  Fregat.  Novaia.  Hym.,  p.  3. 

3Iandihlcs  sliort,  obliquely  truncate,  with  3-4  terminal  teeth. 
Maxilbie  elongate;  their  palpi  elongate,  G-jointed.  Labium 
elongate,  quadrifid,  its  palpi  4-jointed.  Head  rounded,  swelled 
at  the  occiput ;  clypeus  rounded  or  truncate. 

Thorax  elongate  ;  its  anterior  angles  sharp. 

Abdomen  very  slender;    its  petiole  elongate,  linear.      V/ings 

somewhat  as  in  Eamenes  and  Zelhus. 

As  the  forms  of  the  insects  of  this  type  are  becoming  various, 
one  could  well  think  that  the  genus  Labun  might  be  fused  into 
G.  EUmuf<,  which  only  differs  from  this  by  another  form  of  thorax 
and  petiole.  Such  differences  occur  under  the  species  of  the 
genus  Zethus. 


A.  Petiole  filiform  at  bane,  a  little  xoidericd  poderiorhj ;   its 

extremiti/  margined  by  a  transverse  rounded  cordon  pre- 
ceded by  a  transverse  channel  (as  in  Eumenes  of  Division 
Omicron).  Second  segment  sessile,  elongate.  Metathorax 
attenuated.  Head  inflated.  Second  cubital  cell  much  pro- 
longed at  the  basilar  extremity ;  the  second  recurrent  vein 
inserted  after  the  middle  of  its  posterior  border.  (Asiatic 
type.)    L.  Spiinger  Sauss.,  L.  Ilumbertianus  Sauss. 

B.  retiole  linear,  slender,  j^^i-'^'niatic ;  2d  segment  subpedicu- 

late.  Tliorax  elongate;  metathorax  short;  prolh.orax 
crested  anteriorly.  Second  cubital  cell  equally  dilated  at 
both  extremities;  second  9  '.current  vein  inserted  in  the 
middle  of  its  jiosterior  border.    (American  typc.y 

'  The  genus  Elimus  would  make  a  third  type: — • 

C.  Petiole  linear,  rather  tliick  (very  elongate,  somewhat  pyriform),  biden- 

tate;  its  extremity  marked  with  an  impressed  point;  liead  moderate; 
thorax  oval,  not  acute  anpled  anteriorly ;  metathorax  rounded ;  the 
2d  segment  elongate,  rather  attenuate  posteriorly  ;  2d  cubital  cell  in 
a  regular  truncate  triangle ;  second  rt-onrrent  nerve  inserted  in  the 
middle,  or  a  little  before  the  middle,  of  its  posterior  border. 


LABU8. 


6t 


1.  L.  Siclieliaillis  n.  sp.  (Fig.  20,  14a.) — Niger,  praoilis,  tliorace 
eloiigiitiusculo,  aiiliue  cristato-iuarginato,  superne  crass i use iilo  punctato; 
petiolo  liiieari-pristnatieo ;  20  segraer.to  basi  subpeilunculato ;  capitis 
niaculis,  pronoti  niargine  ar.tico,  niacnlis  2  scntelli  et  2  luetanoti  ab- 
domiuisque  segmeiitorum  margiiiilius,  flavis. 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Antenna3  rather  clubbed.  Head  quite  orbicular,  ratlier 
swelled  and  rounded  at  the  occiput,  densely  punctured;  a  little 
carina  between  the  antennae.  Mandibles  short  truncate,  armed 
with  three  terminal  teeth,  tricarinate  at  end.  Clypeus  ovate,  as 
wide  as  long,  a  little  truncate  at  tip,  covered  with  coarse 
punctures,  substrigate.  Ocelli  disposed  in  an  equilateral  triangle. 
Thorax  a  little  depressed,  flattened  above,  rather  ovate  (that  is, 
elongate),  rounded  posteriorly,  a  little  contracted  anteriorly, 
truncate  and  margino-d  with  a  crest;  the  angles  of  prothorax 
salient.  The  thorax  above  strongly  punctured,  not  so  strongly 
on  the  sides;  the  motathorax  a  little  shagreened  ;  the  lateral 
faces  of  this  not  punctured.  Metathorax  having  its  posterior  face 
vertical,  somewhat  truncate,  triangular,  but  quite  arcuate  at  the 
summit,  and  margined  by  a  little  arcuate  ridge,  rough  and  obso- 
lete; the  hind  face  parted  by  a  depression  and  a  little  strigate  in 
the  groove.  Disk  of  mesothorax  o'ongate,  having  two  arcuate 
furrows.  Petiole  elongate,  quite  linear;  only  its  base  filiform; 
the  rest  depressed  and  compressed,  making  it  prismatic,  with  a 
dorsal,  two  lateral  faces  and  an  inferior  face ;  the  faces  having 
scattered  punctures ;  the  superior  one  not  parted  by  a  furrow, 
but  with  a  round  impression  before  the  border;  the  inferior  c^e 
carinated;  the  lateral  faces  having  the  margin  a  little  salif-nt 
because  of  their  compression ;  the  compression  being  more 
sensible  behind  the  middle  of  petiole,  so  tluit  the  anterior  part  of 
the  swelled  portion  is  a  little  wider  than  the  rest  and  a  little 
ovate.  The  rest  of  the  abdomen  nearly  impunctate;  the  second 
segment  globular,  but  its  base  a  little  funnel-shaped  and  articu- 
late by  a  very  short  neck  as  in  the  Zethiisculus.  Anterior  tibiae 
very  short. 

Black,  with  short  gray  pile.  Antennte  a  little  ferruginous  at 
the  extremity  beneath ;  a  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  mandibles,  a 
line  on  the  st'ape,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  elypeus,  two  dots  over 
the  insertion  of  the  antennaj,  and  one  in  the  sinus  of  each  eye, 


58 


UYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


yellow.  The  autorioi'  margin  of  prothorax,  two  marginal  spots 
on  each  wing  scale,  post-tcguUe,  two  spots  on  post-scutel,  two 
longitudinal  fasciaa  on  tiio  motathorax,  the  end  of  petiole  and  the 
margin  of  the  abdominal  segment,  yellow  ;  the  lanu'lhir  margin 
of  these  also  yellow  or  ferruginous,  as  well  as  the  margin  of  the 
anus.  A  spot  at  the  end  of  the  femora  and  a  lino  on  the  tibiiB 
of  the  first  two  pair,  yellow.  Wings  subhyalino  with  brown  veins; 
the  2d  cubital  cell  subtriaiigular ;  its  radial  tii)  very  little  trun- 
cate; the  second  recurrent  nerve  inserted  in  the  middle  of  the 
posterior  margin. 

lieiis.  a.  diff. — This  remarkable  type  Jias  a  certain  resemblance 
to  the  Eumeiien  of  Division  Zela,  because  of  its  elongate  linear 
flattened  petiole;  but  this  is  not  so  much  flattened,  nor  ported  by 
a  furrow,  but  prismatic,  and  the  head  with  its  short  mandibles  is 
quite  that  of  a  Zethus. 

It  has  a  very  near  relationship  to  the  Asiatic  Labus  but  differs 
essentially  by  its  prismatic  petiole,  a  form  which  I  have  not  yet 
met  with  in  the  Wasp. 

Ilab.  Ciiili.  (This  insect  was  given  to  me  by  the  celebrated 
oculist  and  reiuarkable  entomologist,  Dr.  Sichel,  to  whom  it  is 
dedicated.) 


Oen.  DISC«EL.1VS  Latb. 

Lip  moderate.  Labial  palpi  composed  of  four  articles.  3Iax- 
illary  palpi  composed  of  six  articlas.  Mandibles  short,  obliquely 
truncate.  Head  often  enlarged  and  a  little  emarginate  behind. 
Thorax  lengthened,  often  angulate  before.  Abdomen  pediculate; 
the  first  segment  transformed  into  a  campanular  or  linen r  petiole. 

This  genus  differs  from  Zethus  by  its  labial  palpi  composed  of 
four  articles,  and  from  Eumenes  by  the  mandibles  which  are  not 
prolonged  in  the  form  of  a  beak. 

This  genus  connects  itself  to  Zethus  by  its  mandibles,  and  to 
Eumenes  and  to  Odynerus  by  its  complete  palpi ;  the  forms  of 
its  representatives  are  also  intermediate,  in  some  degree,  to  Zethus 
and  to  Eumenes,  and  somewhat  to  Nortonia  and  Zethus  by  the 
subpediculate  abdomen.  The  form  of  the  thorax,  often  bordered 
and  angulated  before,  especially  assimilates  it  to  that  which  one 
sees  in  the  Zethus. 


EUMENE8. 


59 


1*  D.  merilla  Curtis. 

Discwliiis  meiula    Cuiuis,  Trans.   Liau.  Soc.   XVII,  325,  1834. — Sauss. 

Vespi.les  III,  124. 
Ejiiixinii  c/iilrnsis  Spin.,  Gay's  Hist,  flsica  de  chile,  Zool.  VI,  248,  1851. 
Discidiiis  c/iilensis  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  25,  1,  1852. 
Discaliui  Spinulw,^  SAvsa.  Vespides,  I,  25,  2,  1852,  III,  124. 

Eab.  Chili. 

3.  D.  pulchellUS  Sauss. —  9-  Parviilus,  punctulatus  ;  clypeo  pirl- 
fonui ;  apice  truuoato ;  proiioto  antioo  biangulato,  metanoto  lotuiidato  ; 
petiolo  brevissiino,  cranpanulato  grosse  puiiclato ;  apico  puncto  impresso  ; 
abdominis  secundo  segin«iito  nitido,  supra  inllato. — Insectuia  nigrum, 
mandibulis  puncto  baaali,  clypei  apice  macula  nigra,  fascia  frontali, 
puncto  post-scutellari,  scapi  fascia  antica,  flavis;  antonnarum  flagello 
snbtus  ferrugineo ;  pronoto  antice,  tegulis,  scutellis  et  metanoto,  flavis, 
(sed  puncto  in  tegulis  etmatanoti  sulconigris;)  abdominis  segmentorum 
1'  2'  limbo  et  secundi  maculis  2  lateralibus,  flavis;  pedibus  flavis, 
fusco-variis;  alls  hyalinis.  stigmate  et  areola  radiali  fuscis,  costa  fus- 
cescente. 

%.  Mandibulis  et  clypeo  flavis;  hoc  apice  subbidentato,  antennarum 
unciiio  minuto  ferrugineo. 

Discwlius  pulchellus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  127,  15. 
Ilah.  Mexico ;  Jamaica. 


Legion  II.  The  Odynerites. 

Mandibles  more  or  less  lengthened,  tei-minating  in  a  point, 
forming  generally  by  tlieir  union  a  long  sharp  beak,  or  when 
crossed,  an  X.  Their  teeth  placed  on  their  inner  border  (  Vith 
Saussure,  Vespides,  I,  p.  27,  11). 

Gen.  ElIMENES  Fabr. 

Organs  buccate,  very  long.  Tongne  long,  a  little  plumose. 
Galeas  (or  ajtpendices)  of  the  jaw  very  long.  Palpi  lengthened  ; 
labial  composed  of  four  articles;  the  maxillary  of  six.  Mandibles 
very  long,  sharp  pointed,  having  a  triturating  lateral  border  and 
forming  by  their  union  a  lengthened  beak.  (In  exceptions  the 
mandibles  are  sometimes  shorter.) 


'  A  variety  of  Cliileusis. 


60 


HYMENOPTEIIA    OF   AMKIUCA. 


[part  I. 

Head  much  compressed  transversely,  tliat  is,  wide,  but  not  tliick, 
nor  onlargud ;  the  oyes  very  wiivex  and  entirely  covering  tlie 
clieelvs.  ClyjK'us  always  longer  tliin  wide,  willi  a  variable 
termination  (bid(nitate,  indented,  truncate,  or  rounded). 

Tliorax  varial)le,  globular,  or  long  (luadrate,  rarely  compressed, 
but  always  without  spiniform  angles. 

Abdomen  lengthened  pediculate.  The  first  segment  forming  a 
linear  or  subcampanulate  petiole,  about  as  long  as  the  thorax ; 
the  remainder  of  the  abdomen  pyriform. 

This  genus  is  very  abundant  in  species,  and  is  found  over  all 
the  surface  of  our  globe.  It  is  broken  up  into  peculiar  types,  of 
which  one  (Division  Alpha)  is  represented  everywhere,  and  tho 
others  solely  on  one  part  of  our  planiit.  These  ty})es  are  con- 
nected by  natural  transitions  which  embarrass  one  in  assigning 
them  very  fixed  limits. 

Tho  Eumenes  are  well  represented  on  the  new  continent.  Of 
six  divisions'  into  which  I  have  divided  the  genus,  four  are  found 
on  the  Western  Continent,  but  tho  divisions  Paehi/menes, 
Omicron,  and  Zeta,  are  only  represented  in  the  tropical  parts  of 
America.  The  insects,  peculiar  to  the  Division  Omicron,  inhabit 
all  the  equinoctial  jiarts  of  the  continent ;  and  those  which  belong 
in  the  Division  Alpha,  extend  themselves  over  the  two  American 
contiueuts  withiu  their  most  extended  limits. 

Division  PACHYMENES. 
(Sauss.  Vespides  I,  73,  III,  153.) 

Abdomen  much  depressed,  never  compressed,  petiole  widened 
or  campanular,  parted  by  a  groove  ;  its  hinder  margin  having 
usually  a  transverse  groove;  clypeus  generally  bidentate  ;  body 
smooth,  silky,  and  chatoyant  or  velvety ;  wings  large.  (American 
type.) 

These  insects  have  the  appearance  of  rohjhia,  as  the  Monte- 
zumia  have  that  of  Si/neeca.  It  is  especially  by  this  appearance 
that  one  recognizes  them  and  the  semblance  holds  good  in  the 
depressed  form  of  the  petiole  and  in  the  pyriform  abdomen  as 
well  as  the  silky  appearance  of  the  body. 


'  I  do  not  connt  the  Division  Pireunifines,  which  is  worthy  to  form  a 
genus  (Etudes  sur  la  Fainille  des  Vespides,  III,  133). 


EUMENE3. 


61 


Among  certain  species,  the  tliorax  becomes  narrow,  lengtliened, 
conii)resseil,  and  tlie  metatliorax  is  suinetinies  lengtliened,  no  that 
the  reseniblanee  to  the  J'vlijbia  increases.  Allliougli  tlie  J'ach;/- 
menes  present  a  series  of  forms  corrcHpondiuij  to  tiiose  wliich  one 
sees  among  tlie  Polybia;  yet  one  can  easily  distinguish  them  from 
these  social  insects  by  their  truncate  or  bidentate  clypcus,  which 
is  not  angularly  terminated  by  a  sort  of  tooth.' 

This  group  is  not  as  yet  well  studied ;  most  of  its  species, 
which  appear  to  bo  rather  numerous,  are  only  known  by  rare 
specimens  scattered  about  in  collections  which  have  nuah  simi- 
larity among  themselves,  all  having  a  silky  body  and  colors  pale 
or  variable,  so  that  one  can  easily  confound  them. 

Unfortunately  it  is  impossible  for  me  here  to  establish  good 
differential  characters  between  these  insects,  from  only  knowing 
some  of  them  by  unicpie  specimens  and  not  having  under  my  eyes 
the  types  of  all  species  heretofore  described. 

I  established  the  genus  Pachijmenes  in  the  monography  of 
solitary  wasps  to  receive  those  Eumenes  of  which  the  clyjieus  is 
bidentate,  the  abdomen  depressed,  and  of  which  the  smooth  and 
satin-like  body  recalls  the  appearance  of  Polybia.  But  I  havo 
now  renounced  this  section,  so  diflicult  to  define,  although  includ- 
ing insects  of  a  very  peculiar  appearance;  for  since  that  time  I 
have  found  many  American  Eumencs  having  the  clypeus  biden- 
tate at  the  end,  while  certain  Pachymenes  have  a  bidentate 
petiole,  which  destroys  one  of  the  differences  on  which  the  genus 
Pachymenes  was  founded.  I  have,  therefore,  undertaken  to 
reduce  the  consideration  of  this  generic  group  to  that  of  a  sim- 
ple division  of  genera,  and  this  division  itself  goes  over  into  the 
division  Omicron  so  that  it  is  impossible  to  fix  a  refined  limit 
between  them.  (Ex.  E.  Santa-Anna  goes  over  to  division  Omi- 
cron and  is  quite  close  to  E.  Isevis.) 

1.  Form  rather  lengthened  ;  thorax  longer  than  wide  ;  abdomen 
hardly  depressed,  the  2d  segment  not  campanular. 

A.    Petiole   campanular,  enlarged  above   beyond  the   middle, 


'  In  my  Monographie  des  Gnep^a  Solitaires,  I  have  confonndf  d  certain 
species  of  Polybia  described  by  Fabricius  with  the  Pachymenes.  See 
Vespides,  III,  p.  153.  (On  the  line  before  the  last  of  that  page,  for  chry- 
sothorax,  read  jialUpes.) 


C2 


IIYMENOPTERA   OP    AMF.ttlCA. 


[I'ART  I. 


humped,  the  hons  divided  by  ayroove;  its  extremity  bordered 
by  a  salient  band. 

a.   Tliorax  rather  compressed,  lengthened. 

1*  El.  sei'iceus  Sacss. — Giacilin,  fusco-iiiger ;  tliorace  compresso ; 
pedibus,  petiolo  et  tliorace  supra  ferrugineo-fulvia  ;  hoc  valde  fulvo- 
velutino  ;  alis  subhyalinis,  costa  fusca.      9. 

Puchymenes  sericea  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  74,  1  (Syn.  exul.)  ;  pi.  xii,  fig.  5; 
ill,  153. 

Total  length,  19  mill. ;  wing,  lf>  mill. 

9.  Slender;  thorax  compressed,  ra*hor  narrow  anteriorly. 
Head  black;  clypeus  bicarinate  at  the  extremity,  bidentate  or 
notched;  the  inner  orbits  and  a  line  behind  the  eyes  rather  yel- 
lowish. Antenna)  it  tip  a  little  ferruginous  beneath.  Thorax 
blackish,  but  having  its  upper  parts  ferruginous  or  ornamented 
with  yellowish,  and  all  covered,  as  well  as  the  sides,  with  velvety 
fulvous  hair,  rather  woolly,  which  makes  it  quite  fulvous.  Petiole 
"lender,  ferruginous  velvety;  its  base  brown,  its  extremity  a  little 
obscure  with  a  more  yellowish  border;  the  rest  of  the  abdomen 
of  a  brown-olivaceous  color.  Feet  ferruginous,  more  or  less 
brownish  or  yellowish. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — Very  much  resembles  anratiis,  from  which  it 
differs  principally  by  its  quite  woolly,  velvety  hairy  thorax  and 
by  its  less  bidentate  clypeus. 

Ilab.  Brazil.     Bahia.    (Paris  museum.) 

3t  E.  aiir^itus  n.  sp. — Fulvo-olivaceus  ;  capite  fusco;  olypeo  bi('en- 
tato,  apice  testaceo-niarginato ;  tliorace  anreo-sericeo,  compresso,  niota- 
noto  valde  angusto,  sed  pronoto  autice  hand  coarctato,  petiolo  campa- 
iiulato,  gihboso,  sulco  subpartito,  apice  puucto  impresso,  basi  nigro ; 
mandibulis,  orbitis,  pruiioti  margiuibus,  mesouoti  et  metaiioti  fasclis  2, 
scutellis,  tegalis  et  macula  subalari,  frequenter  testaceis  ;  alls  paulum 
ferrugineis.     9  • 

Total  length,  17  mill. ;  wing,  13  mill. 

9 .  Insect  slender,  of  an  olive-brown,  rather  velutinou?.  Head 
blackish,  with  "^he  orbits  somewhat  bordered  with  testaceous; 
clypeus  flattened,  a  littlo  bicarinate,  toward  the  end  strongly 
bidentate  ;  its  teeth  spiniform,  separated  by  a  triangular  notch ; 
its  extremity  and  its  inferior  border  yellow-testaceous,  as  well  as 
the  mandibles.     Antenna?  ferruginous  beneath,  especially  tov/ard 


EUMENES. 


63 


the  ciul.  Thorax  convex,  tifroinjli/  rompretincil,  stroufrly  con- 
tracted toward  luetathurax,  hut  not  on  tlie  ]>rothorax,  which  is 
sijuarcly  truncate.  All  the  corselet  covered  with  a  silky  pihlen- 
yellow  pile;  the  posterior  horder  of  the  jjrothorax  and  its  anterior 
nnirgin  about  the  angles,  two  bands  on  the  niesothorax,  two  on 
the  nietathorax,  scutels,  wing  scales,  and  a  spot  under  the  wing 
testaceous.  Abdomen  olive-brown,  silky,  having  an  olivaceous 
rellection;  petiole  canii)anulate  in  the  middle;  its  dilated  jtart 
carrying  a  boss  terminated  by  a  groove,  its  border  limited  by  a 
rim  or  rounded  band.  Its  linear  part  black  at  the  base  and  a 
little  testaceous,  second  segment  oval,  lengthened,  depressed. 
Legs  varied  with  testaceous;  wings  transparent,  ferruginous,  with 
the  extremity  griseous. 

Resa.  a.  diff. — This  species  resembles  the  E.  olirareua  in  the 
form  of  its  head  and  of  its  abdomen,  but  its  thorax  is  more  com- 
pressed, more  narrow  and  lengthened  in  proportion ;  the  nieta- 
thorax is  much  compressed  an<l  ;,-.  not  bicarinate. 

It  may  be  that  this  is  a  variety  of  the  B.  ftericeus  of  which  the 
woolly  hair  of  the  thorax  has  been  rubbed  off? 

I/ab.  Brn'^il.     Bahia. 

3.  E.  clirysotliorax  Safss. 

Pdcliijme.iu's  chri/sotliora.r  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  153,  43. 

Hah.  Brazil.     (Typus  in  musoo  Parisicnsi.) 

This  species,  of  which  I  cannot  again  examine  the  type,  is  most 
likely  a  var.  of  E.  sericeits.  It  is  proper  to  notice  that  the  forms 
should  be  those  of  E.  i)allipes. 

b.   Thorax  not  compressed,  moderately  wide. 

4.  E.  pallipes  Sadss. — Fusco-olivaceus  ;  capitenigro;  antennis  apice 
subtus  ferrugineis  ;  clypeo  bicarinato,  apice  bispinoso,  testaceo;  orbitis 
partim,  mesonoti  fasciis  2,  soutellis,  metaiioto  superne  pleurisque,  flavo- 
testaceis  ;  pedibus  ferrugineis  ;  alis  ferrugineis,  apice  fu.sco-nebulosis  ; 
petiolo  sat  dilatato,  superne  tumido,  ante  marginem  canaliculato.  J . 
Longit.  17  mm. 

Pachymenes  palUpes  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  75,  3  (Syn.  excl.) ;  III,  153. 

This  species  is  not  so  slender  as  the  preceding ;  the  petiole  is 
wider.     The  insect  is  probably  sericeous  when  living. 
Var.  Prothorax  bordered  with  testaceous 
The  colors  are  certainly  very  variable. 
Hah.  South  America.    (Paris  museum.) 


fr 


64 


UYMENOPTKllA    OF    AMKUKA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


ft.  K.  olllUCCUH  n.  Hj). — Olivaeuo-fuHous,  t'l>'ii>'i>  vaM«  liideiitato,  (i|iii'H 
lliivo-testaoeo;  thoraiio  aureo-SHiiceo,  aiitioe  (luailiato,  iiiftanoto  hujienie 
liicuiiiiato ;  pt'tiolo  tuiiiiilo  huIoo  partito;  antt'iiiii.s  siilttus,  tegulis  et 
tai'sis,  tKrriigiiiciH  ;  oiiiitanim  inacnlis  fascia  iiitiiriiiJta  ixidt-JscutuUi 
tibiiii(£uu  tixtus  testauei.-i ;  alls  (lia])liaiiiis,  fcnugiiiHis.     9* 

Total  leugtli,  20  mill.  ;  wiug,  15  luill. 

BroNvu-chocolate  or  olive.  Heiul  niul  nntciiMii!  blackish.  Ili'ud 
and  thorax  very  dijlicatnly  punctured,  sericeous;  prothurax  hroad 
and  .stjuare  ;  nictatliorax  narrower,  short,  having  in  its  .superior 
part  two  carina}  which  start  nearly  from  the  angles  of  the  i)ost- 
scutel  The  whole  thorax  with  a  golden  reliection,  velutinous 
principally  on  the  luctathorax.  Petiole  pyriforni-campanular, 
swelled  above,  parted  by  a  delicate  groove,  bordered  by  n  cordon 
preceded  by  a  transverse  groove.  The  rest  of  the  abdomen 
depressed — i)ear-shai)ed  ;  the  2d  segment  rather  elongate. 

Antenna)  ferruginous  beneath,  principally  at  the  extremity; 
wing  scales  and  tarsi  ferruginous.  Mandibles,  a  line  behind  each 
eye,  and  often  the  inner  orbits  testaceous.  Tibiic,  knees,  and 
coxie  varied  with  pale  yellow;  an  interrupted  lino  of  this  color 
margining  the  post-scutel.  Borders  of  prothorax  often  ferrugi- 
nous or  with  golden  reflections.    Wings  transparent,  ferruginous. 

?,  Clypeus  oval,  black,  scarcely  punctate,  ending  with  two 
carina)  in  two  long  teeth,  separated  by  a  triangular  notch  ;  its 
extremity  and  inferior  margins  yellow-testaceous. 

Bess.  a.  cliff'. — This  species  much  resembles  E.  obsciirus  and 
ater,  but  differs  by  its  metathoracic  carina).  It  differs  from  U. 
brunneus  by  its  scrolled,  swelled,  and  bordered  petiole. 

Ilab.  Surinam.  This  species  has  been  communicated  to  mo 
by  Capt.  Yon  Ileyden  from  the  Seukcnberg  Mnseum  at  Frank- 
furt (Germany), 

6*  E.  Olisciiriis  Smith. — Validus,  niger,  sericeus;  clypeo  apice  biden- 
tato ;  mandibulls,  flagello,  pcdibiis  anticis  subtus,  pronoti  niargiue 
postico  tegulisque,  ferrugiueis ;  alis  byaliuo-ferrugineis.     J  • 

Pachymenes  obscura  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vespid.,  34,  7  (1857). 

Total  length,  22  mill. ;  wing,  18  mm. 

9 .  Black.  Chqieus  pyriforra,  having  a  triangular  notch  at  its 
extremity,  and  bidentate  ;  often  two  little  carina)  terminating  in 
the  apical  teeth.     Maudibles  long,  slender,  a  little  arcuated  at 


EUMENE8. 


66 


tip.  Tlionix  rather  scinnrc  slinpcd  nnteriorly,  not  iiiiirj;Miu'(l. 
I't'tiolo  cnnipunulatt',  rnthur  sliort  ;  its  (liliitiilioii  brcmil,  swollen 
superiorly*,  lliu  loiigitudiiiul  eliaiiiiel  (piite  oiisoictc,  only  distiiit't 
on  tlu;  antorior  part  oftlio  dilatution.  The  rest  of  the  ali(lonioa 
dei)resse(l. 

The  whole  body  very  smooth ;  head  and  thorax  very  finely 
puiielured,  covered  with  a  line  I'ldvous  silky  pubeseeneo.  !Man- 
dildes,  (lagelhun  of  the  antennse,  fore  le<fs  beneath,  ])osterior 
margin  of  the  prothorax  and  winjf  scales,  ferrnginous;  the  borders 
of  the  abdominal  segments  often  brownish  or  ferrnginons.  Wings 
transparent-ferruginous  with  brown  nervnres;  their  apieal  part 
griscous. 

Va7'.  a.  Legs,  knees,  etc.,  rather  ferruginous. 

b.  Abdomen  cpiite  bhiek, 

c.  A  little  ferruginous  spot  under  the  wing;  two  dots  on  base 
of  antenna). 

(1.  An  interrupted  ferruginous  line  on  the  post-seutel  and  two 
obsolete  lines  on  the  niesothorax. 

c.  Metathorax  and  seutels  marked  with  ferruginous  (ohscura 
Smith). 

/.  The  general  color  brownish. 

g.  The  emargination  of  the  elypcus  more  or  loss  pronounced ; 
the  clypeus  not  bidentate,  only  a  little  einarginato  at  tip. 

/(.  A  yellow  mark  on  each  side  of  the  clypetis. 

i?e.s,s.  a.  diff. — This  sjjeeies  much  resembles  E.  ater,  but  the 
thorax  seems  [to  be  shorter  and  thicker.  It  differs  from  Azlecus 
l)y  its  shorter  petiole,  of  which  the  dilation  is  more  triangular, 
less  elongate,  and  by  its  clypeus  destitute  of  spines.  Cou^pare 
E.  ater. 

Hah.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico,     Orizaba.     6  9 . 


"7.  E.  ater  Sacss. — Niger,  obsciire-sericans  ;  clypeo  Wdentato,  sulfunio- 
marginato ;  orbiti.?  paitini,  post-scutelli  fascia  iiitenupta  et  petioli 
rnargine,  sulfureis  vel  ferrugineis. —  %  tihiis  flavo-variis. 

PaJiymenes  atra  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  75,  2;  III,  153. 

Total  length,  20  mill. ;  wing,  15  mill. 

Form  nearly  as  in  E.  obscurvs ;  clypeus  bidentate  in  the  same 
way;  the  same  punctuation,  but  a  little  smaller  in  size.     The 
metathorax  clothed  with  gray  pile.      The  petiole  not  quite  so 
5 


66 


UVMKNOl'TKRA    OF   AMKUICA. 


[I'AUl  I. 


iiiueli  diluted  posteriorly,  Imviiig  on  its  hinder  purl  u  very  olxso- 
letc  wide  ciiiiiiiiel.  Tlie  tliorux  whorler,  more  eoiivox ;  llie  uiitc- 
riur  niarj^iii  u  little  borilered. 

Hhiek,  with  a  line  Kerleeuus  reflection;  llugelhiin  of  the  untennaj 
bcneuth,  prinei|)ully  at  tip,  ferruj^inoUH ;  un  interrupted  line  on 
llif  |)(j,st-.seutel  und  on  the  hind  margin  of  the  petiole,  yellow. 
Tilt;  end  of  the  femora  and  the  tibiu)  a  little  tinged  with  yellow. 
Wings  ferruginous. 

9.  'I'lie  ennirgiuution  und  the  luterul  borders  of  tlie  olypena,  a 
lino  along  the  orbits  inside  and  at  top  oi'tsido,  sulphur-yellow ; 
inundible.s  in  part  and  the  tarsi,  ferruginous. 

Var.  The  inissopleurie  marked  with  ferruginous ;  tlic  end  of  the 
clypeus  not  yellow.     Margin  of  segments  brownish. 

1.  Antenmu  terniinatfd  by  a  little  brown  hook.  The  yellow 
orr.nnientH  of  clypeus  more  extended.  Mandibles  black ;  tibios 
with  a  yellow  band. 

Var.  No  yellow  border  at  the  petiole. 

licits.  a.  difj'. — This  species  ditfers  from  OUvaceiis  by  its 
mc^tathorax,  which  is  not  carinuted. 

Hub.  Brazil.     Rio  Janeiro.     2  9,  2  ^. 


B.  Petiole  pyrifonn,  depressed,  less  inflated  above,  not  divided 
4)y  a  groove. 

8.  E.  Santa-Anna.  (Fig.  C,  6rt.) — Niger,  politns,  vel  punctulatus, 
argeiiteo-serioeusjclypeo  Lidentato;  raetanoto  brevi,  convexo,  abdornine 
(liprisso ;  puiicto  frontali,  pronoti  inargine  postico,  ct  autice  fascia  inter- 
nipta,  scutelli  margine,  post-scutello,  inaciilis  subalaribtis,  «t  segmeu- 
toriim  abdominis  1,  2  limbo  tibiaruuque  fascia,  luteis ;  alis  fiisco- 
venosis. — Valde  variabilis  species. 

Euvienes  Santa-Aium  Sauss.  Revue,  et  Mag.  de  Zoolog.,  IX,  1857,  272. 

Total  length,  16  ro'll. ;  wing,  11  mm. 

Of  medium  size.  Body  polished,  nearly  impunctate.  Ocelli 
arranged  on  an  arcuate  line.  Clypeus  bidentate ;  its  teeth 
spiniform.  Thorax  wide  and  quadrate  before ;  very  slightly 
bordered  anteriorly;  its  angles  a  little  rounded.  Metathorax 
short,  convex,  as  among  the  true  Eumenes,  polished  and  punctate. 
Abdomen  mnch  depressed.  Petiole  nearly  of  the  length  of  the 
thorax,  campannlate,  smooth,  and  shining,  its  posterior  moiety 
very  wide  and  strongly  depressed,  its  posterior  border  thickened 


KCMKNKH. 


07 


in  a  mai'fifiiml  conlDti,  wliicli  is  prec  (mIciI  hy  a  lriiiisv(>rsc  proovo; 
tlu!  convexity  iidI  dividcil  liy  a  juiii^itiKliiiul  furrow.  Socoiid 
soj^meiit  siiort  above,  nearly  wlihjr  than  loiij; ;  its  posterior  Imrdor 
not  turutMl  up.  Tlio  nietatliorux  has  it.s  latonil  faces  i>lano  and 
oblupicly  cut. 

Insect  Ithu'k,  litth?  or  not  at  all  punctured,  l)ut  smooth,  shining', 
and  j^arnislied  wllli  a  Kilky  pile  of  il\'>\y  hair,  which  jrlve.s  It  a 
sulln-lllvo  or  silvery  appearance.  A  line  on  the  scape,  a  little  dot 
on  the  face,  a  lino  behind  each  eye,  posterior  border  of  prothorax 
along  the  curve  of  nie.sothorax,  an  interruptiKl  border  on  the 
anterior  niarj^ln  of  prothorax,  two  spots  under  the  wiiif^s  and  a 
point  on  each  side  of  the  suniniit  of  the  nietathorax,  anterior 
border  of  the  scutelluin,  post-scutel,  and  border  of  sej^nients  1,  2, 
of  a  sulphur-whitish  color,  generally  a  lateral  yellow  spot  smelted 
with  the  border  of  the  petiole.  Antennaj  black,  ferruginous 
beneath.  Leg-s  l)lack,  the  tibiie  marked  with  a  yellow  line. 
Wings  transparent,  with  the  nervurcs,  the  costa,  and  the  radiiil 
cell  brown.  Wing  scales  red  or  brown  ;  their  appendicular  scale 
yellow  at  the  extreniity. 

9.   Clypeus  margined  with  yellow  on  each  side. 

Var.   Clypeu.s  black  ;  the  scape  only  tawny  beneath. 

% .  Hook  of  the  antennaj  long  and  ferruginous.  Clypcns  black, 
argenteous. 

Vai\  a.  No  spots  on  the  metatborax.  The  spots  of  the  thorax 
more  or  less  complete.  This  part  of  the  body  often  passing  into 
brown.     The  flagellum  ferruginous  beneath. 

Hab.  The  gulf  side  of  Mexico.  Tampico.  Orizaba,  Cordova. 
5?,U. 

2.  Thorax  short,  globular.  Petiole  somewhat  funnel-shaped, 
much  lengthened ;  2d  segment  almost  the  shape  of  a  globular 
bell.     Body  velvety,  bristling  with  hair. 


9.  E.  Teutricosus  Sauss. 

Pachymenes  ventricosa  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  77,  6,  pi.  xii,  fig.  7. 

Var.  a.  Second  abdominal  segment  not  margined  with  yellow. 
b.  Wings  very  dark  with  brown  reflections. 
Hab.  South  America.     Sante  Fe  de  Bogota  (not  Carolina,  as 
a  false  "  etiquette"  made  in  print).     Venezuela. 


68 


HYMKNOPTEIIA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  1. 


Division  OMICRON. 
(Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  71 ;  III,  133,  148.) 

Body  sericcus.  Clypous  9  bidentate,  often  bicarinatc.  Thorax 
very  short,  cubical  before,  globular  behind.  Petiole  very  elongate 
— pear-shaped,  not  carapanulate  in  the  middle,  swollen  into  a 
polished  boss  at  the  extremity;  its  margin  bordered  by  a  polished 
cordon,  preceded  by  a  transverse  channel  or  constriction,  but 
withou*^^  imprcs.sod  point  at  the  e::tremity ;  the  marginal  cordon 
forming  a  simple  yellow  (or  black)  line,  without  indentations  as 
in  Division  a.  The  rest  of  the  abdomen  more  or  less  depressed, 
never  compressed,  often  polished.  Second  abd.  segment  having 
its  colored  border  followed  by  a  second  lamellar  nnirgin;  second 
cubital  cell  short.  Antenniu  of  males  witli  a  very  small  terminal 
hook,  or  even  cpiite  destitute  of  hook,  as  in  the  females. 

Ornaments. — The  colored  border  of  the  posterior  margin  of 
prothora.x  more  pronounced  than  the  anterior  one  ;  fascia)  gene- 
rally not  wide.  The  petiole  often  ferruginous  in  the  middle  and 
on  the  sides,  its  hind  margin  with  a  yellow  band,  and  often  also 
ornamented  on  each  side  by  an  oblique  yellow  line  fused  with  the 
yellow  border. 

This  section  only  contains  species  of  small  size.  The  head 
and  the  thorax  arc  very  large  compared  with  the  abdomen  ;  they 
are  sometimes  cribrose  with  great  punctures  and  covered  with  a 
silvery  pile,  in  place  of  l)cing  hairy,  sub-woolly  as  most  species  of 
tlie  Division  Alpha.  The  clypeus  is  more  or  less  bidentate,  never 
distinctly  truncate,  and  the  ocelli  have  a  tendency  to  arrangement 
in  a  straight  o^  arcuate  transverse  line.  The  emargination  of 
the  eyes  is  situated  very  low,  almost  in  the  middle  of  their  height, 
and  these  organs  entirely  cover  the  sides  of  the  head,  which  is 
short.  Tiie  antenna;  are  inserted  very  low,  sometimes  below  the 
middle  of  the  head. 

The  thorax  is  drawn  together  so  as  to  become  at  times  wider 
than  long.  In  front  it  holds  in  efl'ect  to  the  cube,  being  squarely 
cut;  behind  it  is  rounded,  tending  lather  to  the  globular  form. 
The  part  situated  before  the  scutellum  is  always  sensibly  wider 
than  long,  and  the  prothorax  is  not  in  the  least  attenuated ;  on  the 
contrary,  it  is  angulate,  squarely  cut,  and  forms  the  wider  part  of 
the  thorax.  Tiic  sculels  are  quite  driven  back  upon  the  slope  of 
the  raetathorax,  which  is  completely  drawn  together,  having  its 


a 


h 
a 
] 


tl 


^ 


EUMENES. 


69 


inferior  part  almost  retracted  before ;  its  posterior  face  is  con- 
vex, not  at  all  or  iiardly  divided  by  a  channel  into  two  ridges: 
its  lateral  faces  are  oblique,  and  form  at  their  nieetiiif^  with  the 
hindor  part  two  trenchant  vertical  edges.  Jjehind  tiie  wing  scale 
there  is  a  little  process.  The  petiole,  at  first  slender,  expands 
at  the  extremity  more  like  a  small  funnel  than  in  a  iiyriforiu 
shape. 

The  clypeus  of  the  males  is  generally  not  colored  yellow  as  in 
the  division  Alpha,  but  resembles  that  of  the  female. 

The  most  perfect  type  of  this  little  group  is  the  E.  globicoUis 
Spin. 

The  characters  which  call  for  enumeration  are  on  each  side  more 
and  more  ollaced  among  the  species  which  by  their  form  approach 
to  the  type  of  Division  I'arhi/menes  and  of  the  D'vlsion  Alpha. 
(For  example  the  E.  callimorphn  holds  almost  middle  ground 
between  the  Division  Oniicron  and  Alpha;  E.  Sumichrasti  has 
a  sort  of  impression  at  the  end  of  petiole,  as  in  Division  Alpha; 
E.  in/ernalis  has  the  second  segment  swelled,  subcompressed, 
etc.) 

One  must  not  be  too  particular  about  the  indefinable  limits  of 
the  divisions. 


A.  Thorax  qnile  i^hort,  cuhic-glohular,  larger  than  the  pear  of 
the  abdomen;  the  '2d  xe(jineid  of  this  wider  than  long  (as  in 
genus  Tatua),  wide-globular, 

10.  E.  glotoicollis  Spin.  9  • — Niger,  cano-periceus,  (letiae-cribrato- 
punctatus ;  capita  latiore  qnain  longiore ;  clypeo  pHiitagonali,  Inevi, 
punctulato,  apice  subfisso;  tlioiace  globoso.paBnelatiore  qnain  loiigiore, 
superne  valde  convexo,  antico  truneato,  vix  perapicuo  m/irginato ;  petiolo 
aiitii'e  lineari,  postice  trigonati,  parum  inargiiiato ;  20  abd.  segtuento 
depr(is8o,  tnnicato,  cum  sequeiitilnis  valde  caiio-iliutlente;  aiitenuis 
snbtus,  macula  fiontali,  pionoti  niarginibus,  scutellis  pedibusqiie, 
petiolo  Bubtus,  nee  iion  abd.  KPgmeiitornm  luargine,  plus  minus  obsciiiti 
fusco-fi^rriigiiu'Hcentibus  ;  oibitis  posticH,  post-fcgulis,  margincque  \wt\- 
oli,  flavis;  alls  ba?i  fuscescentibns.  Long.  9  mill. 
Vuriat,  fere  omnino  niger,  vol  2°  abd.  segmento  llavo-lirabato. 

Zethus  ulnhlcofis,  Spixola  Ann.  Soc.  Knt.  Fr.,1841,  X,  150,  pi.  xiii.fig.  G. 
Eumeues  glohicoUis  Sauss.  Et.  Vespides,  III,  151,40,  pi.  viii,  fig.  0,  tJa. 

Hah.  Brazil.     Para,    (Typus  in  rauseo  Spinolae  (mus.  Tauri- 
nense)  et  iu  anctoris  museo.) 


70 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


11.  £.  regUlUS  Sauss.  (Fig.  7,  7a,  76.)— Miuutus,  niger,  subsoriceus ; 
tborace  uiiuore,  sparse  ciibrato-puuctato;  abdoiuiue  polito;  clypeo 
subemarginato ;  anteunis  subtus  et  piouoti  luargme  aiitico,  leirugineis; 
puncto  froiitali,  niargine  postico  pronoti,  post-scutelM  ct  abdoiuiuis  seg- 
meutoruin  l-"2,  tiavis ;  alis  iuluscatis,  stigmate  opaco  ;  tegulia  ferru- 
gineo-marginatis. 

Ewnenes  re<julu8  Sauss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  272. 

Total  length,  7^  mill. ;  wing,  C  mill. 

9.  Yery  small.  Head  densely  punctured.  Ocelli  placed  in  a 
line  very  little  bent,  not  forming  a  triangle.  Clypeus  delicately 
punctured,  convex,  having  its  extremity  pointed,  hardly  notched 
and  bidentate.  Thorax  strongly  cubical,  offering  all  the  charac- 
ters of  the  division,  cribrose  with  large  deep  scattered  punctures ; 
angles  of  the  prothorax  a  little  raised.  Metathorax  flattened 
convex,  only  divided  by  a  lino,  cribrose  like  the  rest  of  thorax. 
Petiole  as  long  as  the  thorax,  polished,  not  cribrose,  linear  as  far 
as  the  middle,  then  enlarged  triangularly,  bossed,  swelled  above 
at  the  extremity  and  finally  bordered  vith  a  salient  yellow  cordon, 
which  is  preceded  by  a  transverse  channel ;  the  pyriform  part 
of  the  abdomen  very  small.  Second  segment  globularly  bell- 
shaped,  depressed,  wider  than  long,  flattened  beneath,  convex 
above,  polished,  offering  a  satin-gray  reflection;  its  hinder  border 
rather  concave,  cut  out. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  silvery  pile :  mandibles,  the  scape 
and  extremity  of  the  antenntc  beneath  and  a  point  between  their 
insertion,  ferruginous ;  posterior  border  of  the  orbits  and  a  point 
in  their  sinus,  yellow  or  ferruginous ;  anterior  border  of  the  pro- 
thorax  ferruginous ;  the  posterior  one  margined  with  a  yellow 
band,  which  makes  an  angle  with  a  ferruginous  or  yellow  fascia 
placed  on  the  sides  before  the  wing  scale.  Anterior  margin  of 
scutel,  post-scut«l,  and  a  line  on  each  side  on  the  edge  of  the 
metathorax,  or  only  a  spot  on  each  side  on  its  summit,  yellow; 
wing  scale  ferruginous  or  bordered  with  brown,  the  post-tegular 
process  yellow.  Often  there  is  on  the  thorax  something  of  brown. 
Petiole  often  having  its  middle  and  a  line  on  each  side  ferrugi- 
nous; its  hinder  margin  adorned  with  a  yellow  border,  fused  with 
a  yellow  spot  on  each  side  of  its  extremity.  The  second  segment 
margined  with  yellow.  The  other  segments  black,  or  bordered 
by  a  yellow  or  testaceous  submarginal  slightly  sinuous  band.    Feet 


i 


EUMENES. 


n 


of 

ho 


th 
nt 
cd 
eet 


black,  varied  with  ferruginous;  tarsi  and  tiliia;  1st,  2d,  brown  or 
ferruginous.  "Wings  transi)iirent,  snioliy ;  brown  along  tlio  ante- 
rior uiargiu  ;  the  brown  extending  as  far  as  the  end  of  the  radial 
cell.  Stigma  very  large,  black,  often  opaque,  surrounded  by  a 
transparent  zjue.  First  discoidal  cell  almost  rectangular;  third 
cubital  wider  than  long;  the  second  small. 

%.  Thirteenth  article  of  the  antenna;  very  variable,  sometimes 
rudimentary,  not  forming  a  hook,  but  only  a  little  tubercle,  some- 
times i'orming  a  very  small  black  hook ;  sometimes  more  elongate, 
ferruginous.  Souietimes  the  antennae  are  simple,  as  in  the  females, 
Clypeus  as  in  the  9,  hardly  emargiuate,  shining,  black;  its  infe- 
rior extremity  only  presenting  two  small  approaching  i)roj('ctions, 
or  a  little  parted  by  a  channel ;  black,  as  in  the  9,  or  with  two 
yellow  dots  near  the  summit. 

Var.  a.  Markings  of  the  thorax  often  ferruginous  and  the  little 
process  situated  behind  the  wing  scale,  not  yellow ;  the  yellow 
fascia3  of  the  last  segments  of  the  abdomen  dull,  sometimes  fer- 
ruginous. 

b.  Head  entirely  black.     Scutel  scarcely  marked  with  yellow. 

c.  The  scape  of  the  antenna;  ferruginous,  obscure  above. 

d.  Wing  scale  ferruginous. 

e.  Petiole  quite  black. 

/.  The  yellow  ornaments  changing  into  ferruginous. 

g.  Metathorax  quite  black. 

/),.   No  yellow  fascia  before  the  tegula;  on  the  sides. 

Common  varieties. — A.  The  2d  segment  a  little  shorter;  its 
margin  a  little  more  concave.  Hinder  margin  of  protliorax 
honey-yellow  or  fulvous;  scutel  and  post-scutel  dull  rufous,  mcso- 
pleura-  dull  rufous.    (10  9,2  %.) 

Va7\  Scutel  rufous,  post-scutel  yellow.  I  cannot  consider  this 
as  a  different  species. 

B.  Prothorax  quite  black,  with  the  hinder  margin  yellow ; 
scutel  black ;  post-tegula;  and  post-scutel  yellow ;  two  yellow 
dots  on  top  of  metathorax,  or  two  lines  on  its  angles. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — Differs  from  the  E.  microscopicus  (its  near 
neighboi")  by  the  arrangement  of  the  ocelli,  which  do  not  form  a 
triangle,  but  only  an  arcuate  line. 

It  is  distinguished  from  E.  Mexicanns  by  its  small  size ;  })y  its 
yet  shorter  thorax,  more  analogous  to  that  of  the  E.  glohicollis ; 
by  its  abdomen,  longer  and  smaller  in  proportion;  by  its  clypeus 


72 


HYMENOPTKRA    OP   AMEUICA. 


[PAKT  I. 


not  distinctly  bidentato  at  the  end ;  by  tbo  opaque  stigma  of  tbc 
wing;  and  by  tiie  much  coarsei"  puncture  of  the  tliorax.  It  dilfers 
from  E.  aviculus  by  its  smaller  thorax,  polished,  impunetate 
abdomen ;  from  Ihoracicus  by  its  smaller,  regularly  convex 
thorax;  from  Totonacus  by  its  grayish-silky  body,  its  pale  yellow 
ornaments,  its  narrow  abdominal  bands,  and  its  wings  in  which 
the  2d  recurrent  nerve  is  not  interstitial,  but  falls  into  the  2d 
cubital  cell.  This  Eumenes  much  resembles  Fohjbia  occidenlalis, 
jjurcula,  etc.,  but  diB'ers  by  its  clypeus  not  angular  and  by  the 
punctures  of  the  body. 

IJab.  The  hot  and  temperate  regions  of  Mexico.  Tampico, 
Cordova,  Orizaba.  (I  have  taken  several  specimens,  9  S ,  at 
Tampico  and  at  Cordova,  44  9;  27  %.) 

Fig.  7  represents  tlie  male  enlarged  ;  the  petiole  is  a  little  too  short,  and 
its  pyrifonn  part  too  large.  In  the  fig.  7",  the  clypeus  is  not  sufficiently 
prolonged  at  the  extremity,  and  too  truncate.  lu  the  lig.  76,  tlie  abdomen 
is  too  large. 


12«  E*  Totonacus  n.  sp. — Minntus,  niger,  nitidissimus ;  thorace 
punctato,  petiolo  elongato,  lineari,  apice  trigonaliter  dilatato;  pronoti 
margine  postico,  post-scutello,  metanoti  strigis  2,  abdominis  segmentorum 
1',  2'  margine  sat  late,  la;te  flavis,  petiolo  medio  ferrugineo;  a'is  infu- 
matis,  2-'  vena  recurrento  interstitiali. 

9  .  Total  length,  8  mill. ;  wing,  G.}  mill. 
%  .  Total  length,  7  mill. ;  wing,  5^  mill. 

9.  Quite  similar  to  E.  regulus;  only  diifering  by  the  follow- 
ing :  Body  more  brilliant  black,  less  grayish-silky.  Clypeus 
shining,  delicately  punctured,  and  its  extremity  parted  by  a  groove, 
subbidentatc.  Head  finely  punctured.  Scutel  convex,  parted  by 
a  strong  groove.  Metathorax  parted  by  a  groove  up  to  the  top 
as  in  Eegidus,  or  still  more  strongly ;  more  polished,  punctures 
more  scattered.  Petiole  a  little  longer;  all  of  the  abdomen  very 
much  polished. 

Black :  A  spot  at  base  and  extremity  of  the  scape,  and  the 
extremity  of  antennaj  beneath,  tawny ;  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the 
eye  and  one  behind  the  summit,  yellow  or  tawny;  po.sterior  mar- 
gin of  prothorax,  post-tegulse,  post-scutel,  and  angles  of  meta- 
thorax, Vu'ight  yellow;  the  middle  of  the  petiole  ferruginous;  its 
margin  yellow ;  on  each  side  a  transverse  line  fused  with  the 
yellow  border ;  the  second  segment  with  a  rather  broad  yellow 


EUMENES. 


T3 


fascia  ;  those  following  with  a  piccous  border.  Tibia?  and  tarsi 
more  or  less  ferruginous.  ^Vings  cloudy,  the  2d  recurrent  nerve 
quite  interslilial,  or  even  falling  a  little  into  the  third  cubital 
cell.  • 

% .  Ilook  of  the  antenna;  very  small. 

Var.  a.  Metathorax  without  yellow  fascia;. 

h.  A  spot  under  the  wing  and  the  anterior  border  of  prothorax 
in  part,  yellow  or  tawny. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  an  example  of  tho  difficulty  of 
the  study  of  these  numerous  little  Mexican  species,  which  is  not 
possible  but  with  numerous  specimens.  It  quite  resembles  H. 
regidus,  but  the  body  is  very  much  polished  (like  ghiss),  very 
black,  not  grayish,  and  the  more  elongate  filiform  part  of  the 
petiole  gives  it  a  peculiar  appearance ;  the  yellow  ornaments  also 
are  bright  yellow,  not  citron  ;  the  yellow  fascia  of  the  2d  segment 
is  wider,  and  nearly  double  ;  the  tip  of  petiole  has  a  fascia;  lastly 
the  character  of  tho  wing  is  a  very  sure  guide  in  distinguishing 
this  species. 

Hab.  Mexico,     Bailos.     3  9,  1  S. 


13*  E.  aTiculUS  n.  sp. — Parvulus,  thoraco  vab"(1o,  globoso,  convexo, 
dense  cribrato-puiictato ;  ahdumine  punclulo;  petiolo  postice  trigonali 
obscure  rufo-variegato,  sciitellis  et  pedibus  partiiu  rufis ;  alis  uebulosis  ; 
variat  scutello  nigro,  post-scutello  flavo. 

9 .  Total  length,  8-9  mill. ;  wing,  6.3  mill. 
^  .  Total  length,  7.5  mill. ;  wing,  5  mill. 

9.  Form  much  the  same  as  in  E.  rcgiilus.  But  the  thorax 
much  larger,  cubic;  the  petiole  wider,  more  triangular  posteriorly, 
and  more  inflated.  Head  a  little  more  strongly  punctured,  thorax 
more  densely,  quite  densely  cribrose ;  the  petiole  end  abdomen  are 
also  densely  punctured,  but  not  so  coarsely  as  the  thorax.  Clypeus 
a  little  wider,  cribrose,  its  apex  also  subbidentate,  or  divided  by 
a  little  groove.  Disk  of  mesothorax  more  wide  than  long,  parted 
anteriorly  by  a  little  sulcosity;  scutels  quite  oblique,  forming 
altogether  with  the  metathorax  the  convex  hind  face  of  the 
thorax.     Second  segment  depressed. 

Black,  very  slightly  sericeous.  Tips  of  mandibles,  antennae 
beneath,  a  frontal  spot,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  borders  of  pro- 
thorax,  mesoplenroe,  tegulaj,  scutels,  sides  of  metathorax  and  of 
the  abdomen,  borders  of  all  the  segments,  tibiffi,  and  tarsi,  dull- 


74 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


rufous.  Wings  cloudy,  iritlescont ;  nerves  aud  stigma  blackish; 
I2d  cubital  cell  as  in  E.  I'e'julus,  as  long  as  wide  ;  its  radial 
margin  broad. 

Vur.  a.  Mandibles  more  ferruginous.  Antenna)  dull  ferrugi- 
nous with  au  obscure  line  ou  the  scape,  aud  blackish  ou  the 
flagellum. 

h.  Head  black  without  ferruginous  spots. 


c.   Prothorax  ferruginous. 


(/.  Post-scutel  and  tegula;  blackish. 

e.  I'rothorax  black,  only  the  posterior  border  ferruginous. 

/.  Angles  of  post-scutel,  post-tegula;,  and  border  of  petiole 
yellow. 

% .  Smaller,  Clypous  grayish-silky.  Antcnnse  with  a  little 
ferruginous  hook.  The  frontal  spot,  scape  beneath,  margin  of 
petiole  yellow. 

Var.  Prothorax  black  ;  its  hinder  margin  yellow  ;  post-scutel 
yellow  ;  margin  of  the  abdominial  segments  yellowish. 

Common  variety. — Generally  of  small  size.  Body  quite  black; 
scape  and  apex  of  the  antenna)  beneath  ferruginous.  Posterior 
border  of  prothorax,  post-scutel,  border  of  abdominal  segment, 
1st,  2d,  yellow;  of  the  others  dull-yellowish.  Tegula)  fuscous; 
feet  partly  ferruginous.  Petiole  not  so  much  dilated  posteriorly, 
more  pyriform  than  triangular.     (5  ?,  2  %.     Cordova.) 

liess.  a.  diff. — A  very  distinct  species  by  its  large  convex 
thorax  and  drongUj  jnoutured  abdomen.  The  head  and  thorax 
are  much  as  in  Tliorucicus,  but  the  dorsum  of  the  thorax  is  regu- 
larly convex,  not  deformed.  In  the  little  varieties,  the  thorax 
gets  smaller,  and  the  petiole  narrower  than  in  liegulua,  but  the 
punctured  abdomen  always  enables  one  to  distinguish  the  species. 

Hal).  Mexico;  the  Oriental  Cordillera;  Orizaba,  Cordoba, 
Moyoapam.     (12  9,  G  l) 

14*  £.  thoraciciIS  n.  sp. — Parvulus,  niger  fulvo-velutinus  ;  thorace 
sat  valido,  globoso,  snpenie  defonni,  niesonoti  disco  snbliicaiinato, 
utrinque  foveolato  et  subgibberoso,  sparse  cribrato-punctato ;  abdomine 
impuuctato,  petiolo  postice  piiiformi;  corpoie  obscure  rufo-variegato ; 
scutellis  rufis  ;  petiolo  flavo-limbato ;  alis  uebulosis. 

9.  Total  length,  10  mill. ;  wing,  8  mm. 
% .  Total  length,  9  mill. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  Head  and  thorax  as  in  E.  aviciilus.  Clypeus  punctured, 
but  not  bicarinato,  and  parted  by  a  groove  at  tip;  having  the  tip 


EUMENES. 


T6 


flat,  a  little  truncate,  or  sub-emargiiiatc.  The  head  a  little  more 
unequal;  the  jjroovos  of  the  antenna}  stronger,  etc.  Tlie  thora:£ 
not  quite  so  large  nor  so  eubic  anteriorly ;  the  duk  of  the  vieso- 
thorax  somewhat  gibbous,  having  two  longitudinal  carina'  in  the 
middle  and  on  each  side  before  a  sort  of  sinking  or  excavation, 
behind  which  is  an  eminence  next  to  the  wing  scale;  two  sulco- 
sities  continue  the  excavation  up  to  the  scutel ;  the  scutellum 
oblique,  parted  by  a  groove ;  the  nietathorax  still  more  divided 
Ijy  a  groove.  The  thorax  covered  with  strong,  rather  scattered 
punctures;  on  the  nietathorax  not  so  strong.  Abdomen  polished, 
nut  punctured,  or  only  indistinctly  ;  petiole  more  elongate,  not 
so  Ijroad,  behind  more  pyriform-truncate  than  triangular,  not 
much  inflated. 

Black,  with  a  fulvo-sericcus  pile.  End  of  mandibles,  antcnnte 
beneath,  a  frontal  spot,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  and  a  spot  in  their 
emargination,  dull  ferruginous.  Both  borders  of  prothorax, 
tegukc,  post-tegula;,  scutels,  and  sides  of  the  abdomen,  obscure 
ferruginous  ;  border  of  petiole  with  a  yellow  margin  ;  the  other 
segments  with  an  obscure  ferruginous  marginal  band  ;  that  of 
the  third  and  following  segments  twice  notched.  Feet  ferrugi- 
nous, black  at  base.     Wings  cloudy,  nerves  blackish. 

%.  A  little  smaller,  but  quite  identical  with  the  female.  The 
clypeus  might  be  a  little  more  bidentatc;  the  hook  of  antenna; 
small,  blackish. 

Var.  a.  Antenna;,  prothorax,  and  mcsopkura)  more  or  less 
ferruginous. 

b.  The  disk  of  mesothorax  not  bicarinate. 

Itess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  very  nmch  like  E.  aviculus,  having 
nearly  the  same  coloration,  but  differs  principally  by  its  not 
strongly  punctate  abdomen,  and  narrower,  longer  petiole.  It  is 
easy  to  distinguish  from  all  neighboring  species  by  its  deformed 
mesothorax  ;  in  other  tilings  quite  close  to  E.  regulus. 

Hah.  Mexico.  Oriental  Cordillera.  (20  9,3  %,  Mr.  Sumi- 
chrast.) 

B.    Tliornx  a  little  longer  than  wide.      Tlie  2d  segment  of  abdo- 
men sometimes  rather  elongate. 


15.  E.  Mexicanus.  (Fi(r.  8,  8a.) — Sat  minntus,  nicer,  densn  puno- 
tatns  ;  scxitello  crassins  cribrato;  clypeo  piano,  nitido,  apit-e  Inspinoso; 
utrinque  antennis  subtui^  et  pronoti  margine  antico,  ferrugineis,  puiicto 


76 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMEIUCA. 


[part  I. 


frontali,  pronotl  raargine  postico  et  alul.  seginentonim  1',  2'  limbo,  llavis  ; 
pudibuH  ob.scure  furrugiuuis,  basi  nigris ;  ali.s  Hiibiut'uscatis. 

Eumenea  Mexicanus  Sauss.  Rev.  Zool.,  1857,  VI,  272. 

9.  Total  Imigth,  11  mill.  ;  winn,  8  mm. 
■J.  Total  leugtb,  10  mill. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

Xot  SO  small  as  the  prccodiiif^  ;  head  wide,  densely  punc- 
tured. Clypeus  pyriform,  flattened,  terminated  by  two  sharp, 
spiniform  teeth  ;  a  frontal  carina  hetween  the  antenna)  continued 
by  a  delicate  sulcosity  up  to  the  middle  ocellus.  Thorax  cubical 
before,  rounded  behind,  nearly  as  wide  as  long;  densely  punc- 
tured throughout;  its  anterior  margin  a  little  turned  up. 

The  punctures  a  little  fuier  on  the  nietathorax,  those  of  scutel- 
lum  coarse  and  more  didant  or  scattered.  Disk  of  mesothorax 
parted  by  a  delicate  sulcosity.  Abdomen  shining  and  polished  ; 
petiole  punctured  but  shining,  at  first  linear  and  then  truncate, 
pear-shaped,  bossed,  somewhat  bidentate,  rimmed  at  the  extremity ; 
the  rim  preceded  by  a  strong  constriction  ;  the  pyriform  part  of 
the  abdomen  shining  and  satin  like ;  very  finely  punctured ;  the 
second  segment  a  little  contracted  behind,  slightly  depressed;  that 
is,  wider  than  high,  somewhat  wider  than  long;  truncated  a  little 
from  above  downward  and  from  before  backward ;  that  is,  the 
inferior  face  is  a  little  longer  than  the  superior ;  the  posterior 
border  slightly  sinuous  in  the  middle  ;  the  subjacent  lamina  not 
sinuous. 

Body  black,  clothed  with  a  silvery-fulvous  pile.  Mandibles 
ferruginous  at  the  extremity  and  sometimes  tinged  with  that  color 
at  base.  A  yellow  or  ferruginous  spot  between  the  antennte ; 
these  last  black  above,  ferruginous  beneath  ;  often  the  scape  is 
chestnut-bay  beneath  and  at  base.  Posterior  border  of  the  pro- 
thorax  marked  with  a  narrow  yellow  line;  the  anterior  and  lateral 
borders  rufous.  Scutellum  often  bordered  with  yellow  or  tawny 
anteriorly,  or  with  two  yellow  marks ;  post-scutel  yellow,  with 
the  anterior  border  black;  petiole  a  little  ferruginous  on  the  sides 
and  on  its  narrow  part ;  the  two  first  segments  of  the  abdomen 
bordered  by  a  yellow  cordon  ;  the  lamellar  border  of  the  second 
and  the  margins  of  the  following  testaceus-rufous.  Feet  sombre 
ferruginous;  black  at  the  base.  Wings  smoky.  Wing  scales 
ferruginous,  marked  with  a  yellow  dot  on  their  posterior  margin. 

9.  Clypeus  black,  with  a  yellow  macula  on  each  side  near  the 


ElJMENEa. 


11 


top,  or  bordored  with  yellow  o»  Its  lateral  margins,  or  entirely 
black. 

%.  Clypcus  yellow,  covered  with  a  silvery  pile  ;  the  flagellinn 
of  the  auteimu)  moro  ferruginous  at  base,  black  in  its  second 
part,  with  a  moderate  ferruginous  hook.  Thora.\  a  little  mo»e 
elongate. 

Var.   Clypeus  bordered  all  round  with  black. 

Var.  lu  both  so.xcs,  the  teeth  of  the  clypcus  arc  moro  or  less 
spiniform,  sometimes  the  notch  between  them  is  Glled  by  a  little 
arcuated  border,  which  makes  the  teeth  short  and  not  spiniform. 
The  dilated  part  of  the  netiole  is  more  or  less  wide ;  more  or  loss 
bidcntate,  or  not  bidentM^iC ;  the  frontal  and  mesothoracic  sulcosity 
not  distinct. 

a.  Clypeus  and  head  entirely  black.  Anterior  border  of  the 
prothora.K  and  scutcllum  black.     Petiole  without  ferruginous. 

b.  Clypeus  margined  on  both  sides  with  yellow. 

e.  Mesothorax  with  two  rufous  lines;  scutels  bordered  with 
yellow. 

d.  The  mctathorax  and  raesopleurie  passing  to  ferruginous. 

e.  The  end  of  petiole  mixed  with  brown,  or  with  two  transverse 
lines,  smelted  with  the  yellow  border. 

/.  Abdomen  passing  to  brown. 

(J.  The  yellow  marking  of  the  thorax  more  or  less  wanting ; 
no  spot  on  the  wing  scale. 

Bess.  a.  cliff.- — This  species  is  very  near  to  the  E.  callimorplms 
Sauss.,  but  is  distinguished  from  it  by  certain  characters  dillicult 
to  describe.  The  clypeus  is  flatter;  its  teeth  are  a  little  shorter ; 
the  ocelli  are  placed  upon  a  less  arcuate  line,  and  the  vertex  has 
two  transverse  grooves  between  the  summit  of  the  eyes  and  the 
external  ocelli.  The  thorax  is  more  coarsely  and  less  densely- 
punctured  and  above  all  wider  and  larger  in  proportion;  its 
angles  arc  a  little  upturned  at  the  shoulders.  The  petiole  is 
shorter;  its  dilatation  is  more  funnel  shaped,  less  pyriform.  The 
second  segment  seen  from  above  is  a  little  more  sinuous,  which 
renders  the  lamellar  edge  more  salient.  The  abdomen  is  more 
distinctly  punctured.  The  coloration,  finally,  is  strongly  analo- 
gous. Distinct  from  E.  regulus  and  totonacus  by  its  larger 
size,  and  its  flattened,  bidentate  clypeus,  etc.  Differs  from  E. 
olmecus  by  its  smaller  size,  punctate,  not  velutiuous  thorax,  more 


t8 


IIYMENoI'TERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


infliitod  petiole,  sliorter  2(1  scf^inoiit,  with  rather  simiated  iimrf,nii, 
etc.     Sec!  also  the  E.  Norioniana  and  CresHtmiana. 

Hah.  The  Gulf  side  of  Mexico.  (I  have  taken  some  specimens 
of  it  at  Tainpico.)  Tlio  Orieutal  Cordillera,  Bauio  (Mr.  Suiiii- 
chrast).    9  9,5  %. 

K(da. — Mr.  Siuiiichrast  attributes  to  this  insect  a  most  interest- 
ing nest.  It  is  formed  of  a  mass  of  cellules  or  habitations  com- 
posed of  a  black  bark  which  seems  to  bj  agglutinated  by  some 
gummy  material.  These  habitations  are  more  or  less  cylindrical 
and  gumnied  one  against  another.  Hut  although  they  form  a 
double  row,  they  arc  not  always  parallel  like  the  cells  of  social 
wasps,  but  a  little  oblique  the  one  upon  the  other,  which  renders 
their  arrangement  quite  irregular.  This  nest  is  fixed  upon  a 
little  branch  of  the  oak.  It  greatly  resembles  in  its  system  that 
of  Zelhua  Roma  nd  in  us,  which  1  have  cited  as  apropos  of  this 
species.  But  its  surface,  instead  of  being  fibrous,  is  here  cellulous- 
rugose;  one  renmrks  here  sonic  little  rounded  or  polygonal  cells, 
the  borders  of  which  form  a  sort  of  reticulation,  which  is,  how- 
ever, but  a  simple  sculpture;  the  fos.settes  are  too  small  to  be 
compared  to  basal  sockets,  and  have  absolutely  nothing  in  common 
with  the  outlines  of  cells  which  one  often  finds  on  the  borders  of 
wasps'  nests.  I  should  not  be  surprised  if  this  nest  should  be 
rather  that  of  a  Zethus  than  of  the  E.  viexicanus,  and  that  it 
should  prove  to  be  an  error  in  the  "  etiquette"  mark. 


llr«  E*  Slimiclirasti  n.  sp. — Crassiusculus,  niger ;  clypeo  bidentato  ; 
thorace  quadrate,  tennissime  ruguloso;  abilomiiie  uitido,  petiolo  Bpar.se 
punctato,  cauipanulato,  incrai-sato-marginato ;  apice  .sulco diviso ;  fioiitis 
niacnla,  tnargine  postico  pronoti,  abdominis  segtuentorum  1',  2'  limbo, 
post-sciitelloque,  llavis.     9 . 

Total  length,  11  mill. ;  wing,  8.3  mill. 

?.  Quite  closely  related  to  E.  Mexicanus.  A  little  larger. 
Clypeus  bidentate,  not  so  much  flattened.  Thorax  a  little  longer, 
not  so  distinctly  punctured  but  quite  delicately  shagreened  all 
over.  The  petiole*  more  campanulatu,  wider,  truncate ;  much 
swelled,  also  bordered  by  a  salient  cordon,  but  parted  by  a  groove 
with  a  shallow  impression  before  the  border;  2d  segment  rather 
elongate,  the  lamellar  edge  very  narrow,  hardly  distinct,  although 
the  first  edge  is  not  thick. 

Black,  with  grayish-silky  reflection  ;   abdomen  silky-shining, 


EUMENE8. 


79 


very  delicately  punctured ;  the  petiole  distinctly  punctured, 
]Miiii(lil)les  ill  part,  antenntu  bcMeatli,  tej^rulic,  knees  and  tibitu  partly 
rufo-fuscous;  u  dot  between  tlio  antennie,  a  line  l)oliind  the  eyes, 
hind  Ixtrder  of  prothurax,  iiost-sentel  and  Iiorder  of  sefjnient  lat, 
'id,  yellow;  the  rest  of  the  abdonu'ii,  even  the  lamellar  edge  of 
2d  segnient,  (piite  black.     Wings  cloudy. 

licHn.  a.  dill'. — llesenibles  very  much  K.  Santa-Anna  and  Ivevu, 
in  the  form  of  its  petiole,  but  this  is  parted  by  a  groove  at  the 
end,  and  the  thorax  is  shagreened  ;  the  petiole  is  also  shorter. 

Jlab.  Mexico;  the  Oriental  Cordillera.  Orizaba  (Mr.  Sumi- 
chrast). 

IT.  E.  BraflilanUH  n.  sp.— Niger;  clypeo  nigro,  aplce  bidentato; 
tlioraee  punctato,  quailrafo,  pioiioti  inaigine  jmstico  ferrugineo  vel  llavo, 
tegularum  uiargiiie  ferrugineo;  abiluininis  .segiiientoruiu  iiiargine  1-0 
flavo  limbato  ;  uaiidibulis,  tibiis  et  taroiH  autice  furrugineid,  reliquis 
ferrugineacentibua ;  alls  subiiifuscatis.     9- 

9.  Total  length,  'U>^  mm. ;  wing,  8^  mm. 

9.  This  insect  is  exactly  like  the  E.  mexicanus,  and  only 
differs  from  it  in  certain  characters. 

The  clypeus  is  less  flattened,  and  is  not  shining  but  dull ;  there 
is  hardly  any  frontal  carina.  The  punctuation  of  the  body  is 
apparently  the  same  or  a  little  more  dense.  The  scutellum  is  a 
little  less  strongly  cribrose.  The  antcnnte  are  scarcely  ferrugi- 
nous beneath.  The  clypeus  and  the  scutels  are  entirely  black ;  the 
segments  3-5  have  their  borders  delicately  ornamented  with  yel- 
low above  and  beneath. 

This  species  may  be  but  a  variety  of  the  E.  mexicanus.  In 
both  species  the  2d  cubital  cellule  of  the  wing  is  quite  large,  tra- 
peziform,  with  straight  borders;  the  radial  border  is  large. 

Hab.  Brazil.    (The  author's  collection.) 

IS*  E.  ISBTis  MiHi. — Niger,  cinereo-sericeus,  Isevig,  fere  impunctatns ; 
clypeo  acute  bidentato  ;  tlioraee  antice  quadrato;  abdomine  depresso  ; 
petiole  depresso-gibboso ;  mandibulis  et  antennis  subtus,  ferriigineis; 
liuea  scapi  antennarum,  lineola  pronoti  marginis  postici  et  tenuis^^ima 
marginis  antici,  fascia  scutelli,  lineis  2  metanotl  et  margine  petioli, 
flavis;  abdominis  segmentis  rufo  marginatis,  fascia  prsemargiuali  tlava; 
tibiis  flavo-variis  ;  alls  fnscesoentibns.  9  • 
Vuriat.  abd.  segra.  margine  30-5^  ferrugineo. 

E.  cingulatus  Sadss.  Et.  Vesp.,  Ill,  l.'il,  41  (Syn.  excl.). 
Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 


80 


IIYMENOPTEUA   OP    AMKKICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


This  spof'ics  lias  not  been  sunHciciilIy  woll  dcscrilx'd. 

9 .  '.'lypt'ii.s  (liiltt'iiecl,  polislit'd  ;  its  apex  cariiialfil  into  two  very 
iicutt;  toetli,  Hcpamti'(l  by  u  kIiuIIow  notfli.  Tliorax  jijlohulivr, 
polislicd,  s(juar(!  anteriorly,  with  its  angles  insensibly  raised. 
Metathorax  very  delieately  punctured,  parted  l)y  a  eluiniud. 
A))donien  i)olisiied,  niiu'h  depressed  ;  tlic  seeoiid  Iniif  of  the 
petiole  rather  wide,  altliouj^li  swidlod  above;  the  hind  margin  of 
tlie  Heeond  segment  straigiit ;  not  sinuous. 

Inseet  black,  with  nn  argentcous  reflection.  Antcnnic  slender, 
ferruginous  below  at  tho  npnx;  frc(iuently  a  yellow  line  on  the 
scape.  A  spot  on  tho  forehead  and  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes, 
yellow.  A.  narrow  interrupted  lino  on  tho  anterior  border  of  tho 
prothorax,  a  line  on  tho  i)osterior  margin,  a  spot  before  tho  wing, 
two  dots  on  tho  anterior  angles  of  tlio  seutelluni,  a  band  on  tho 
post-scutelluni,  and  two  lines  on  tho  nietatiiorax,  yellow;  .the 
margin  of  tho  first  two  abdominal  segments  also  bordered  with  a 
yellow  line;  that  of  tho  petiole  smelted  with  two  lateral  spots; 
tho  lamellar  borders  of  segments  2d  and  following,  rufo-tcstaeo- 
ous  ;  this  color  preceded  by  a  fine  yellow  line.  Coxic  and  tibia3 
ornamented  with  yellow.    AVings  cloudy,  with  golden  reflection. 

i?c'.s.s'.  a.  diff. — This  species  approaches  very  much  to  E.  calli- 
viorpha,  but  its  abdomen  is  much  depressed;  the  petiole  not  so 
l(jng,  more  dilated ;  the  clypeus  less  notched.  The  thorax, 
although  more  polished,  has  just  tho  same  form.  In  its  appear- 
ance this  Eumencs  quite  restndjles  E.  inaxicanus,  but  it  is  larger, 
tho  clypeus  is  more  ovoid,  not  so  pyriform ;  tho  body  is  not 
punctured,  and  the  thorax  is  a  little  longer  than  wide.  In  its 
depressed  abdomen  and  its  impunctured  body,  it  quite  resembles 
E.  Santa-Anna,  but  it  is  more  slender,  less  depressed;  the  thorax 
has  another  appearance,  etc.  Nevertheless,  it  annoys  mo  much 
to  separate  E.  loevis  from  E.  Santa-Anna,  but  the  first  seems  to 
be  a  smaller  Brazilian  representative  of  tho  last. 

Hab.  Brazil;  Para.  (The  type  in  the  collection  of  Spinola, 
Turin  mus.,  and  in  the  author's  collection.) 

Obfei'vation. — The  Fabrician  synonym  is  very  doubtful;  I  first 
adopted  it  according  to  the  collection  of  Spinola,  but  the  descrip- 
tion given  by  Fal  r.  does  not  fit  our  insect,  which,  as  we  think, 
must  be  considered  a  different  one. 


EUNKKNES. 


81 


19.  E.  IVovurOD  ^ADMH.— DrnuiliH,  niger,  (Inyo  nt  badio  tfiinitfr  varli*. 
gatUH ;  aiituiiiiirt  Hubtuit  furrUKiiittiH;  t'lypuo  lii<iuntato;  alxloiniiiu  d«< 
pruHHO,  Hegtueiitis  aiigUMtu  tliivo-limbatiii ;  pt'tiolu  Hloiigato,  i)irit'ormi. 

E.  iSovnra  Sac8b.  Kuitte  d.  Oesterr.  Fregiit.  Noviira,  Zool  ,  II,  Hyineu.  (J, 
1,  flg.  3. 

Total  length,  14  mm.;  wing,  Id}  mm. 

9.  Black,  Bcriceous.  Thorax  whort,  {^lobular,  very  con  vox. 
I'etiole  elongate,  not  campanular,  bordered  l)y  a  cordon.  J{od y 
very  delicately  jjunctate,  the  nietathorax  a  little  more  strongly, 
argenteo-sericeous.  The  extremity  uf  the  mandiljles,  teeth  of  the 
clyjieus,  antenniu  beneath,  a  sj)ot  on  the  forehead,  fulvo-forrugi- 
nou8 ;  base  of  mandibles,  lateral  border  of  clypeus,  a  dot  in  the 
sinus  of  the  eye,  and  a  line  behind  their  summit,  yellow;  a  line  on 
the  hind  margin  of  prothorax  and  a  line  on  each  angle  and  border 
of  tegula),  ferruginous;  two  .spots  on  the  angles  of  .scutel,  a  line, 
on  post-scutel,  a  dot  and  a  line  on  the  sides  of  thorax,  and  a  little 
line  on  the  margins  of  the  segments  of  abdomen,  yellow.  Feet 
black  with  the  coxte  maculate  with  yellow;  knees  and  tibiic  out- 
side yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  with  black  nerves  and  the  anterior 
margin  narrowly  brown. 

Var.  All  the  ornaments  more  or  less  yellow  or  ferruginous. 

lless.  a.  cliff. — This  species  has  adepres.sed  form;  it  resembles 
E,  Santa-Anna,  although  it  is  not  so  much  depressed,  and  more 
slender.  It  comes  very  close  to  E.  Ivevh,  but  with  a  shorter 
thorax.  Not  having  the  tyjic,  I  dare  not  give  a  more  approxi- 
mate composition.  It  is  a  liitle  larger  than  E.  olmecus^  and  a 
little  smaller  than  E.  Santa-Antin. 

Bab.  Brazil,  llio  Janeiro.    (Museum  of  Vienna.) 


30.  £•  minutus  Fabr. — E.  regulo  paulo  iimjor,  niger,  punctatu<*, 
aureo-sericeii.s  ;  clypeo  convexiusculo,  ])unctulat<) ;  antennis  subtus  t'ei- 
nigineo-variis ;  pronoti  mari;in«  postico,  post-sculello  abdominisque  sc u- 
mentorum  limbo,  flavis;  pedibus  nigris,  tibiis  et  taisis  obscure  ferrugi- 
neis  ;  alis  subinfu:jcatis.     9- 

fEumenes  minuta  Fadr.  Syst.  Piez.,  291,  23  (1804). 
Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  A  species  extremely  near  to  ^.  mexicanus.     Size  a  little 
smaller ;  body  a  little  more  slender ;    clypeus  slightly  convex, 
punctured  and  ovoid,  subemarginate  at  tip  (not  strongly  biden- 
6 


82 


HYMENOPTERA    OF   AMEUICA, 


[I'AUT  I. 


tate) ;  no  frontal  carina.  Tliorax  smaller,  a  little  shorter;  llio 
angles  of  the  prothorax  not  upturned ;  the  petiole  more  slender;  the 
second  abdominal  segment  a  little  shorter  and  with  a  less  sinuous 
border.  The  scutel  having  about  the  same  punctuations  as  the 
rest  of  the  thorax. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  golden  pile;  antcnnnc  slightly- 
varied  with  ferruginous  beneath;  a  yellow  line  b(;hind  tlie  summit 
of  the  eyes ;  posterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  and  post-scutel 
marked  with  a  honey-yellow  cordon  ;  anterior  border  of  the  pro- 
thorax  on  each  side  a  little  tawny ;  a  feeble  dot  under  the  wing 
and  the  post-tegula;  yellow,  as  well  as  a  narrow  border  on  all  the 
segments  of  the  abdomen.  (The  second  lamina  of  the  border  of 
the  second  segment,  also  yellow.)  Wing  scale  black,  bordered 
with  brown.  Feet  black,  tibia)  outside  and  tarsi  ferruginous. 
,  Wings  slightly  smoky,  stigma  opaque. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — It  is  larger  than  E.  reguliis,  the  thorax  not 
covered  with  strong  punctures  but  finely  and  densely  punctured; 
the  end  of  petiole  not  so  much  canaliculate  before  the  margin. 
It  comes  quite  near  E.  totonacus,  but  is  a  little  larger,  the  thorax 
more  densely  punctured ;  the  scutel  not  gibbous  and  not  parted. 

Hab.  Brazil. 

31.  E.  cingulatus  Fabr. 

Eumenes  cingulata  Fabr.  S.  P.,  287,  13  (1804). — SauS8.  Vespideo,  III, 
151,41. 

Hab.  Cayenne.  (Typus  Saussurii  in  mus.  Spinolae,  Taurl- 
nensi.) 

33.  E.  par rulus  Sacss. 

Euuitnes  purvulus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  149,  37,  pi.  viil,  fig,  5,  5a  (1854). 

Hab.  Brazil.    (Typus  in  rauseo  Parisiensi.) 

33.  E.  pusillus  Sadc^s. 

Eumenes  pusillus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  149,  38  (1854). 

Hab.  Brazil.    (Typus  in  museo  Parisiensi.) 


34.  E.  microscopicus  Sadss. 

Eumenes  microscopica  Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  72,  62  (1852). 

Hab.  Brazil.    (Typus  in  museo  Parisiensi.) 


EUMENES. 


83 


These  species  are  imperfectly  known  ;  I  do  not  possess  them 
in  my  collection,  and  it  may  be  possible  that  our  E.  minutus 
proves  to  be  one  of  them. 

C.  lliorax  vol  so  wide ;  longer  than  broad;  not  larger,  or  even 
smaller  than  the  pear  of  the  abdomen.  (Form  verij  much 
as  in  Division  Alpha.) 

25>  E.  calliinorpbnsSADSS. — Niger,  laevis,  gracilis ;  dypeo  valde 
bidentalo ;  tiioiaco  teimiter  dense  puiictato,  luesonoto  hand  sulcato ; 
abdoiuiue  gracili,  petiolo  subeloiigato,  angusto;  auteiinaruiu  aiticulia 
1-4  plus  minusveferriigiueis;  corpora  ut  iu  E.  Mexicano  llavo-oruato, 
petiolo  utriuque  liiiea  dava. 

Total  leugth,  14  mm. ;  wiug,  9  mm. 

E.  caUhmrpha  Sauss.  Et.  Vesp.,  I,  71,  01,  pi.  xiii,  fig.  4;  ibid.  Ill,  148. 
f  E.  campanulata  Fabr.  S.  P.,  291,  22,  9. 

Clypeus  terminated  by  two  spiniform  teeth.  A  more  or  less 
distinct  frontal  carina.  Thorax  quadrate  before,  delicately  punc- 
tured ;  its  angles  slightly  rcflexed.  Petiole  elongate  ;  its  pear- 
shaped  part  slender,  truncate,  bordered,  and  channelled  as  in 
the  other  species.     The  abdomen  depressed. 

Black,  covered  with  a  very  short  silvery  pile ;  the  abdomen 
quite  polished;  the  pile  making  it  appear  tenously  slrigate. 
Antenna)  beneath,  a  part  of  the  mandibles,  and  teeth  of  clypeus, 
ferruginous.  A  spot  on  the  forehead,  one  in  the  sinus  of  each  eye, 
a  line  behind  the  eyes,  yellow- tawny ;  both  borders  of  prothorax, 
(the  anterior  one  interrupted),  a  spot  under  the  wing,  post- 
tegula;,  anterior  border  of  scutcls,  posterior  border  of  the  abdo- 
minal segments,  a  Inie  all  along  the  sides  of  the  petiole  and  an 
oblique  spot  smelted  on  each  side  with  its  border,  yellow  or 
rather  ferruginous.  The  extreme  margin  of  the  segments  l-h, 
brown.  Knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  most  ferruginous.  Wings 
smoky. 

9.  Clypeus  black,  with  two  yellow  spots  near  the  top;  its 
teeth  spiniform,  carinated. 

% .  Clypeus  yellow,  argcntcous ;  its  teeth  not  so  sharp,  not 
carinated. 

Var.  The  colors  are  more  or  less  developed,  as  in  other  species. 
The  legs  more  or  less  ferruginous,  at  times  entirely  red  ;  the 
petiole  beneath  and  on  the  sides  is  of  the  same  color ;  no  yellow 
line  upon  the  scutellum.     The  clypeus  is  more  or  less  strongly 


84 


HYMENOPTERA  OF    MtfERICA. 


[part  I. 


bidentate,  the  teeth  arc  at  times  long,  sharp,  separated  by  an 
angular  notch  ;  often  less  long  and  separated  by  a  shallow  notch 
like  the  arc  of  a  circle ;  a  little  carina  often  parts  the  anterior 
margin  of  the  soutel.     Wings  with  some  violet  reflections. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  is  larger  and  more  slender  than  all  the 
preceding,  butsmallerthan  ^.  oZmecws.  It  makes  the  M-ansition 
to  the  Division  Alpha.  It  has  the  same  coloration  as  most  of 
the  species  of  the  same  division,  except  that  it  possesses  all  along 
each  side  of  the  petiole  a  yellow  line.  I'he  petiole  and  the  pear 
of  the  abdomen  ax*e  also  more  elongate,  the  2d  segment  longer 
than  wide. 

Hah.  Brazil.  2  9 ,  1  ^  from  Bahia.  2  ?  (coll.  Spinola),  from' 
Rio  Janeiro. 

The  description  which  Fabricius  has  given  of  his  E.  campa- 
nulata  does  not  mention  the  two  lateral  yellow  lines  of  the  petiole, 
nor  the  spots  of  the  clypeus,  nor  does  it  accord  well  in  the 
antennae  with  the  E.  calUmorpha,  for  which  reason  we  do  not  dare 
to  assert  positively  that  this  is  the  E.  campanulata  of  Fabr. 

There  are  probably  more  than  one  species  very  closely  allied 
to  this  which  might  be  easily  confounded  with  it;  /.  i.,  the  fol- 
lowing description  which  I  find  in  my  notes  seems  to  indicate  a 
different  species  with  sulcate  mesonotum. 

26*  £•  ilicer£us> — E.  calUmorpho  simillimus,  at  clypeo  minus  biden- 
tato,  mesonoti  disco  2-vel  4-sulcato;  corpora  nigro;  antennis  subtus  et 
tibiia  extns,  ferrugiueis  ;  pronoti  margiuibus,  petioH  lineis  litenilibiis  2 
et  niargiue,  segmentorumque  20-401iuea  prsemarginali  tenuissima,  sul- 
fureis.    9 . 

9.  Figure,  size,  and  form  the  same  as  that  of  E.  calUmorpha, 
but  differs  in  the  clypeus,  shining,  offering  also  two  carinae,  but 
less  strongly  bidentate ;  its  latero-inferior  borders  sinuate. 
Thorax  a  little  more  distinctly  punctured ;  the  disk  of  the  meso- 
thorax  offers  four  lovgiludinal  furrows. 

Insect  black,  shining,  with  silvery  reflections.  Antennae  ferru- 
ginous beneath;  a  fine  line  bordering  the  two  margins  of  the 
prothorax,  ferruginous  or  yellowish.  The  bordering  of  the 
petiole,  a  little  mark  on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  it,  and  a  spot 
above  toward  its  base,  sulphur-yellow,  as  well  as  a  fine  submar- 
ginal  line  upon  segments  2-4,  both  above  and  beneath ;  the 
extreme  border  of  these  last,  black.  Tibiae  1st,  2d,  ferruginous 
before ;  wings  a  little  smoky. 


EUMENE8. 


85 


Hab.  Para.    (Collect,  of  Spiuola.     Collected  by  Mr.  Ghiliani.) 
May  be  a  variety  of  the  L\  callimorphaf 

2*7.  E.  miles  n.  sp. — Niger,  punctulatus,  clnereo-sericana ;  mandibniis 
pedibusque  partial  rufis  ;  clypeo  apice  bispinoso,  utrinquc  fascia  auran- 
tia;  corpore  valde  aurantio-variegatr  ;  alls  nigresceutibus.     9- 
Leugth  of  the  wiug,  10  miu. 

9 ,  Size  of  E.  pomiformis,  smaller  than  fratcrnus. 

Black,  grayish-silky,  shining,  delicately  punctured.  Head 
rather  broader  than  long.  Mandibles  very  long,  arcuated  at  tip, 
reddish,  with  a  yellow  spot  at  base,  Clypeus  flattened,  ending 
in  two  sharp  spines,  in  which  fall  two  short  carina}.  The  borders 
of  clypcus  yellow ;  antennce  blackish ;  fulvous  beneath  up  to  the 
4th  joint.  A  spot  on  the  forehead,  one  in  the  emargiiiation  of 
each  eye,  a  line  behind  the  eye,  a  fascia  on  the  fore  and  on  the 
hind  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  the  anterior 
margin  of  scutel  and  post-scutel,  and  two  fascia;  on  the  meta- 
thorax,  orange  yellow.  Margin  of  the  wing  scales,  knees,  tibiae, 
and  tarsi,  ferruginous ;  the  latter  rather  obscure  above.  Wings 
smoky,  rather  blackish  on  the  costal  margin,  with  violet  reflec- 
tions ;  2d  cubital  cell  broad  at  its  hinder  margin,  narrow  at  its 
radial  side.    (Abdomen ?). 

Hab.  Guiana,  Surinam.     (Hamburg  museum.) 

By  the  form  of  its  clypeus  and  its  silky-pubescence  this  species 
fits  in  this  Division,  but  the  inneuratiou  of  the  wing  assimilates 
it  more  to  Division  a. 


28.  E.  Olmeciis  n.  ep. — Niger,  punctulatus  ;  clypeo  npice  bispiuoso; 
thorace  superue  couvexo,  uietathorace  angustiore  iu  clunis  2  per  sulcum 
profuudun  diviso ;  petiolo  elongato-piriforiiii,  apice  truncato,  inargiuato ; 
anteimis  subtus  pedibusque  partim,  obscure-ferrugiiieis  ;  capitis  raacu- 
lis,  pronotl  limbo  postico  et  utriiique  antico,  abdominis  segmentorum 
niargine  subtus  obscure-ferrugineis  vel  flavest-entibus ;  post-scutelli 
liuea,  uaargineque  segmentorum  1',  2',  flavis  ;  alis  costa  nigra,  f* 
Total  length,  14  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

9.  Antcnnoe  slender.  Clypeus  bidentate  at  tip;  the  labrum 
large,  truncate ;  ocelli  di?!poscd  in  an  arcuate  line.  Thorax 
quadrate  anteriorly,  short,  convex,  delicately  punctate  and  velu- 
tinous ;  behind  the  angles  of  the  prothorax  an  obsolete  depression. 
Metathorax  compressed,  augulated ;   parted  by  a  deep  groove ; 


vv 


86 


IIYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


its  lateral  ridgos  sharp,  rctiolc  as  iu  Ilurbide,  elongatc-pyriform, 
truncate,  convex,  not  pailed  by  a  channel ;  the  hind  margin 
bordered,  the  border  preceded  by  a  transverse  channel.  The 
rest  of  the  abdomen  depressed. 

Black,  with  a  fulvous  or  purple-silky  reflection.  The  extremity 
of  the  labrum,  the  lateral  borders  uf  clypeus,  a  spot  between  the 
anteuniB,  a  dot  in  the  eraargination  of  the  eyes,  the  antennas 
beneath,  the  end  of  mandibles,  and  a  lino  behind  the  top  of  the 
eyes,  tawny.  The  hinder  margin  of  prothorax,  an  interrupted  lino 
on  the  anterior  margin,  or  only  on  its  angles,  a  line  over  the 
middle  coxa),  tawny  ;  wing  scale  brown  or  ferruginous;  two  dots 
on  the  anterior  angles  of  scutcl,  a  line  on  the  post-scutel,  and  the 
margin  of  segment  1st,  2d,  yellow;  the  lamellar  margin  of  2d 
segment  and  of  those  following,  brownish.  Beneath,  the  margin 
of  the  segments  fulvous.  Feet  ferruginous  and  blackish.  AVings 
hyaline,  smoky,  with  iridescent  reflection ;  the  anterior  margin 
blackish. 

Var.  The  spots  on  the  head  and  hinder  margin  of  prothorax, 
yellow;  two  yellow  dots  on  the  clypeus;  scape  of  antennai  almost 
wholly  ferruginous. 

liexs.  a.  dijT — Tliis  species  is  quite  intermediate  between  the 
Divisions  Pachumcncs,  Al/ilia,  and  Omicron ;  or  between  J^. 
Santa-Anna,  Iturbide,  and  calUmorphus.  The  clypeus  is  biden- 
tate  and  the  abdomen  elongate  depressed  as  in  the  Pachymenea  ; 
but  the  thorax  is  not  de|>re,ssed,  but  on  the  contrary  convex,  not 
polished  as  in  E.  Santa- Anna,  but  ueiisely  puncUircd,  and  the 
petiole  not  so  widened,  not  cam))iinu!iite  hut  (jra<hialh/  widened. 

It  differs  from  E.  Ilurbide  by  its  depressed,  not  globular  or  siib- 
compressed  2d  abdominal  segment;  its  flattened  dypons  with 
spiniforra  (no-  lamellar)  teeth  ;  its  compressed  triangular  meta- 
thorax ;  its  petiole  without  impressed  point  at  tip,  but  with  a 
transverse  submarginal  channel.  From  E.  calUmorphus  and  the 
other  species  of  Division  Omicron  by  its  largo  size;  its  more 
depressed  and  elongate  aI)(lonien  ;  its  compressed,  prominent 
metathorax  parted  by  a  deep  groove,  and  by  its  general  resem- 
blance to  Division  Alpha. 

Hab.  ^Mexico.  The  Oriental  Cordillera.  I  caught  3  9  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Cordova. 

39.  E.  infernalis  n.  sp. — Gracilis,  nigerrufo-ornatns  ;  clypeo  biden- 
tato ;  thorace  dense  foramiuato-puuotato ;  abdomiue  polito,  segmeutis 


EUMENES. 


87 


1,0  20  flavo-limbatis ;    20  superim  gibbo  crasse  cribrato-punctato  in- 
Btructo.     y. 

Total  length,  12  mm.  ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Form  almost  like  that  of  E.  callimorphus.  Head  'lotted 
with  punctures.  Ocelli  in  a  slii?htly  arcuate  line.  Ciyj  "  >juite 
flat,  pyriform,  notched  and  teru'.inated  by  tvvo  sharp  lamellate 
teeth.  Thorax  very  convex,  especially  behind ;  the  wings  inserted 
behind  the  middle  ;  all  the  surface  densely  cril)rose  with  pit-liko ' 
punctures,  more  strong  than  those  of  the  head ;  these  punctures 
become  more  strong  upon  the  scutellum  and  very  dense  on  tho 
mctathorax.  Abdomen  smooth,  shining,  without  punctures. 
Petiole  quite  long  and  slender;  almost  fdiform  in  its  first  moiety, 
then  swelled  pyriform,  truncate,  convex,  shining;  the  posterior 
border  preceded  by  a  transverse  groove.  The  2d  segment  Ijcfore 
tho  middle  of  its  dorsal  face  sti'ongly  elevated  in  form  of  a  boss, 
slightly  compressed  and  cribroso  with  punctures  ;  a  sort  of  shin- 
ing canal  passes  around  behind  this  gibbosiiy.  The  other  seg- 
ments shining,  black.  Mandibles  and  antennjE  ferruginous  ;  those 
last,  obscure  above,  with  the  scape  a  little  yellowish  before.  The 
two  lateral  borders  of  the  clypeus  as  far  as  the  end  of  the  teeth 
yellow,  as  well  as  a  little  spot  on  the  front  and  the  posterior 
border  of  the  prothorax.  Wing  scales  reddish  or  brown.  Seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  all  ornamented  with  a  yellow  border. 
Petiole  offering  on  its  middle  two  little  yellow  or  reddish  marks; 
its  posterior  border  yellow  or  reddish,  at  least  in  the  middle  ;  its 
lower  side  more  or  less  reddish.  Legs  reddish ;  coxie  black ; 
femora  brown ;  the  two  anterior  spotted  with  yellow  toward  the 
end.  Wings  slightly  washed  with  brown-ferruginous,  having 
brown  nervures.  ' 

Var.  a.  Tho  thorax  more  or  less  varied  with  ferruginous. 

b.  Posterior  border  of  prothorax,  ferruginous ;  the  borders  of 
segments  3-5,  ferruginous  or  brown. 

c.  The  anterior  border  of  prothorax,  a  spot  under  tho  wing, 
two  spots  or  a  band  on  the  scutellum,  two  spots  on  the  mcta- 
thorax, ferruginous  or  yellowish ;  legs  brownish  or  ferruginous 
in  part. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  the  thorax  a  little  more 
lengthened  anteriorly,  and  the  head  and  thorax  much  more 
strongly  punctured  than  tho  E.  callimorphus.    It  is  very  distinct 


88 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AI.aERICA. 


[part  I. 


in  the  strongly  cribroso  boss  of  the  second  abdominal  segment. 
It  differs  from  E.  mexicarus  in  its  much  larger  size,  in  its  loss 
strongly  cribrose,  less  globular  nietathorax.  In  fact,  the  form, 
swelled  and  cribrose  above,  of  the  2d  abdominal  segment,  distin- 
guishes the  E.  inf emails  from  all  others  of  the  Division  Omicron. 
This  character  is  a  transition  to  the  Division  Alpha,  which  con- 
stitutes an  exception  in  the  Division  Omicron. 

Bab.  Brazil.  Para.  (Coll.  Spinola.)  Guiana.  (Mus.  of 
Hamburg.) 

Division  BETA. 

Mandibles  rather  hooked  at  end,  or  truncate.  Head  in  form 
of  a  transverse  oval,  not  rounded-triangular  ;  the  eyes  very  large 
in  their  inferior  part.  Thorax  not, larger  than  the  pear  of  the 
abdomen,  globular  or  cubio.  Petiole  elongate,  fdiform,  cylindrical, 
only  very  little  dilated  at  the  end  in  a  funnel  shape,'  its  posterior 
border  marked  with  an  impressed  point.  The  2d  segment  not 
depressed,  not  compressed. 

These  insects  slightly  resemble  in  form  the  Pareumenes ;  but 
they  are  niucL  more  slender.  The  thorax  has  quite  another 
shape,  not  being  widened  and  depressed,  but  cubic,  more  as  in 
Division  Omicron,  although  smaller.  The  abdomen  also  is  not 
depressed,  but  the  petiole  quite  recalls  the  form  it  has  in  Pareu- 
me..es,  although  much  more  slender. 

The  mandibles  are  rather  hooked,  strongly  dentate  as  in 
Pachymenes,  but  by  exception  short  and  blunt  (?)  more  as  in 
Zethns. 

This  Division  is  intermediate  between  the  Pareumenes  and  the 
Eumenes  of  Division  Omicron. 


a.  Mandibles  short,  pointed  in  the  males,  blunt,  rounded  at  tip,  with  separated 
small  teeth  in  the  females. 

30«  £•  Nortoniai^lIS  a.  sp. — Niger,  dense  crassiascnle  punctatus  ; 
oculis  infere  valde  inHatis ;  maudibulis  brevibus,  9  apice  rotundatis; 
clypeo  pentagonali,  bidentuio;  carina  frontali  nulla;  petiolo  elongato, 
filiformi,  apice  tenniter,  cylindrico-infundibuliformi,  puiicto  apicali 
impresso;  abdomino  dense  pnnctato ;  punuto  frontali,  uiarginibus  pro- 


•  Not  campannlate,  more  pear-shaped  as  in  Division  Alpha  or  Omicron, 
but  filiform,  widened  at  end  somewhat  lilce  a  clarionet.  Seen  from  above, 
the  sides  of  the  petiole  are  not  aroaate-convex  but  rather  arouate-ooncave. 


EUMENES. 


89 


D'/.I  et   post-scutelli,  rufla ;    pedibus  et  ant*  nuis   partim  ferrugineis ; 
abdoniinid  seg&ieutorum  1',  2'  uuirgiiiu  llavo;  alia  fuiuodid. 

9  .  Total  length,  11  nun. ;  wimr,  8  mm. 
%.  Total  length,  lU  mm. ;  wing,  7. !J  mm. 

Very  similar  to  E.  mexicanus  in  its  appearance,  but  a  very 
different  t3'pe.     Head  transverse-oval :  eyes  very  much  inllated. 

Head  more  strongly  punctured  over  the  antennie  ;  no  frontal 
vertical  carina,  but  the  space  between  the  antenna)  flat.  Thorax 
small,  more  densely  and  coarsely  shagreened ;  roughish ;  the 
metathorax  as  coarsely  shagreened  as  the  mesothorax.  Post- 
scutel  with  a  little  arcuate  crest  on  its  anterior  margin. 

Petiole  elongate,  as  long  as  head  and  thorax,  arcuate,  more 
filiform  and  cylindrical ;  not  at  all  canipanulale  or  pear-shaped, 
but  only  a  little  funnel-shaped  in  the  last  third'  (the  lateral 
margins  forming  not  a  somewhat  convex  line  but  a  somewhat 
concave  one).  Its  extremity  not  rimmed  nor  canaliculate 
transversely,  but  Im  ing  a  marginal  impression  above  only,  which 
forces  backward  the  middle  of  the  border.  The  2d  segment  not 
depressed  nor  compressed.  Petiole  and  second  segment  densely 
and  rather  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  following  polished. 

Black,  grayish-silky ;  antennaB  beneath,  margin  of  the  tegulaj, 
and  feet  partly,  dull-ferruginous ;  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes, 
a  frontal  spot,  both  margins  of  prr'horax,  a  little  line  under  the 
wing,  post-tegulffi,  two  spots  on  scutel  and  post-scutel,  dull  ferru- 
ginous ;  the  margin  of  segments  1st,  2d  of  the  abdomen,  yellow. 
Petiole  beneath  and  above  in  the  middle,  brown-ferruginous.  The 
lamellar  margin  of  the  second  segment,  piceous;  the  margin  of 
the  following,  testaceous  or  yellowish.  Feet  ferruginous,  brown 
against  the  base.     Wings  subhyaline  or  smoky;  nerves  brown. 

9.  Clypeus  black,  rather  pentagonal,  not  elongate,  delicately 
punctured  ;  its  inferior  border  arcuate,  scarcely  bidentate ;  the 
teeth  small,  not  distant,  or  formed  by  two  little  parallel  marginal 
carinre  ;  its  superior  margins  brownish.  Mandibles  short,  rather 
dilated  at  the  extremity,  rounded  (or  the  outer  margin  arcuate, 
the  iiiner  one  obliquely  truncate),  with  small  teeth.  When  rest- 
ing, they  retract  themselves  behind  the  border  of  the  clypeus, 
crossing  their  teeth  one  into  the  other. 

% .  Clypeus  black,  argenteous,  with  a  rufous  or  yellow  line  on 


>  Somewhat  like  a  straight  trampet  or  a  clarionet. 


90 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


each  side;  ..^ok  of  tho  antt'iiiiu}  forru'jiiious.  Maiuliblus  short, 
but  triangular,  acute,  with  four  Mttle  teeth. 

lioiH.  a.  di(f. — This  in.sect,  although  having  quice  the  general 
appearance  of  an  Eumenca,  f  j)proaclies  Uitica-liut:  in  the  f  vi\  of 
its  mandibles,  short  and  widened  towards  the  tip  in  the  female. 
But  it  is  very  easy  to  confound  it  with  E  mexicanun  and  calli- 
murpha.  It  differs  by  its  rather  convex  clypeus,  not  so  bWlentate, 
by  the  absence  of  frontal  carina,  by  its  head  transverse-oval,  not 
oval-triangular,  because  of  the  great  enlargement  of  the  under 
part  of  the  eyes,  which  is  widiT  transversely  than  longitudinally, 
and  by  its  siiagreencd  abdomen.  The  exceptional  forni  of  the 
mandibles,  truncate  and  rounded  at  the  end,  with  the  external 
side  very  arcuate,  as  also  the  particular  form  of  petiole,  will  dis- 
tinguish this  species  from  all  its  neighbors. 

This  is  quite  an  exceptional  type,  remarkaljlo  by  the  unequal 
form  of  mandibles  in  both  sexes. 

Hah.  Mexico.    The  Oriental  Cordillera.    Cordova.     2  9,1^. 


h.  Mandthhs  more  elongate,  not  truncate,  rather  hooked  at  tip,  with  strong 
teeth  on  the  interior  margin. 

31*  £•  Cressonianiis  n.  ?p. — Kiger,  ciiieroo-hirtu£i,vaIde  punctatng; 
clypei  margiiiibuH  lateral ibiis,  puiicto  fioutali  et  orbitaium  simis,  niar- 
giiiibus  pronoti,  lineaque  prae  tegulis,  post-scntello,  margineque  petioli 
et  2'  segmenti,  flavis ;  petiolo  medio  flavesceiite,  puncto  apicali  iinpresso, 
Laud  iu  luargiiiem  producto ;  segnientis  20-50  fusco-niargiiiati.s.      J  . 

Total  lengtb,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9 .  Quite  the  same  form  as  in  Nortonianus,  but  the  mandibles 
elongate,  not  truncate,  arcuate  at  tip  ;  the  internal  border  armed 
with  four  strong  lobular  teeth  ;  the  clyj)eus  emarginate  in  a 
little  arc  of  a  circle.  The  thorax  not  so  rugose;  not  roughly 
shagrecncd,  but  more  polished  and  cribrosc  with  coarse  punctures; 
the  metathorax  not  so  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  post-scutel  with- 
out any  crest.  The  extremity  of  the  petiole  a  little  margined; 
its  impressed  point  not  intrenching  upon  the  margin.  The  second 
segment  a  little  depressed,  a  little  more  strongly  and  less  densely 
punctured. 

Black,  with  the  same  ornaments  as  in  Norhnmnus,  but  of  yel- 
low color  ;  the  antennoe  beneath  and  tip  of  mandibles  ferruginous. 
Feet  ferruginous,  blackish  at  base ;  the  tibiae  yellow  outside. 
Wings  smoky.     The  scutel  not  spotted. 


EUMKNE8. 


91 


^('.s.s.  a.  diff. — Differs  from  Mexkanris  and  all  the  species  uf 
Division  Omicron  by  tlie  form  of  its  petiole. 
Hub.  Mexico  ;  the  Orieiitul  part.     Cordova. 


3S>  E>  simulans  n.  sp.— Niger,  sulfureo  inltipictua,  histrionlcus  ; 
thoiace  crasse  (jrihiato-ijunctato,  mesoiioto  fasciid  2  flav's;  alxloiuine 
puiictato,  petiolo  lint-ari,  apice  teiuiiter  infuiidibuliforml ;  secundo  seg- 
luento  fauiis  2  traiisversis  llavis.     9  ■ 

9  .  Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

9.  Head  transverse-elliptic,  very  punctate.  Mandibles  elon- 
gate, rather  hoolicd  at  the  tip,  and  armed  with  tliree  strong 
lateral  teeth.  Clyoeus  polygonal,  a  little  longer  than  broad,  a 
little  eniarginate  and  bidentate  at  tip.  Eyes  very  large  inferiorly, 
their  sinus  deep,  rather  triangular.  Thora.x  small,  globular, 
metathorax  quite  rounded.  Petiole  moderately  long;  its  second 
part  funnel-shaped,  with  an  impressed  point  at  end.  The  petiole 
and  2d  segment  of  abdomen  punctate  ;  this  is  neither  depressed 
nor  compressed. 

Black,  with  yellow  hair.  The  head  beneath,  clypcus,  mandi- 
bles, the  orbits  all  round,  their  sinus,  a  transverse  line  on  the 
vertex,  sulphur-yellow.  Antenna)  orange-ferruginous,  oliscure 
above  ;  the  scape  yellow.  Thorax  beneath  and  on  the  flanks, 
both  margins  of  prothornx,  two  lines  on  mesothora::,  tegula;, 
scutel  partly,  i)ost-scutel,  and  metathorax  more  or  less,  yellow; 
this  with  a  sort  of  black  T.  The  middle  of  the  petiole,  posterior 
margin,  and  sides,  yellow;  2d  segment  with  two  yellow  fascia; 
the  first  placed  on  the  middle  of  the  segment,  the  second  being 
subniarginal ;  both  fused  together  on  the  sides ;  the  other  seg- 
ments with  sinuous  yellow  margins ;  anus  and  abdomen  beneath 
quite  yellow;  the  lamellar  margin  of  2d  segment,  brown.  Feet 
yellow ;  the  femora  brown  above.  Wings  hyaline,  washed  with 
amber,  a  little  gray  at  the  extremity. 

Vai\  The  black  and  yellow  colors  are  more  or  less  extended. 
Pleura;  and  metathorax  only  maculate  with  yellow. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — A  quite  distinct  species.  By  its  forms  only  it 
resembles  E.  Nortonianus  and  Cressonianus.  The  petiole  is  a 
little  more  widened  behind,  and  the  body  much  more  coarsely 
punctured.  It  might  be  compared  with  E.  Smithii,  americanns^ 
etc.,  which  have  also  two  fascia3  on  the  2d  segment,  but  the  petiole 
in  these  is  pyriform  and  the  second  segment  compressed,  etc. 


02 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


Hab.  Mexico.     OrioiituI  Cordillera.     Moyonpani. 

Tliis  is  a  sort  of  mimic  nijccies.  It  bears  the  coloration  niid 
rather  the  form  of  soint!  Polijhia,  f.  i.,  1'.  Jusciuta  Lep.  AVe 
know  a  Cerceris  of  the  same  country'  whieii  show.s  the  same 
peculiarity.  PJiitomologists  ought  to  study  whether  these  insects 
of  mimic  resemblance  do  not  have  8omc  relationship  in  their 
habits. 

Division  ALPHA  (Eumcnes  proprie  dicti). 
(Sachs.  Vespides,  I,  28;  III,  128,  137.) 

Mandibles  long,  dentate,  Clypcus  pyriform,  notched  or  trun- 
cated at  the  extremity.  Antennro  generally  inserted  above  the 
middle  of  the  head.  Ocelli  arranged  in  a  broad  triangle.  Thorax 
generally  longer  than  wide ;  squarely  truncated  before,  but  with- 
out salient  angles ;  nietathorax  convex,  but  not  prolonged,  rounded 
and  having  two  distinct  convexities  separated  Ijy  a  cliannel. 
Petiole  of  the  lengtli  of  the  thorax,  linear  at  its  base  ;  about  the 
middle  rather  suddenly  swelled  into  the  form  of  a  cliil)  or  of  a 
ti'uncate  pear,  or  canipanulate;  feebly  bidentate  (or  bituberculatc) 
in  the  middle,  generally  bordered  by  a  salient  cordon;  the  swell- 
ing generally  parted  by  a  groove,  and  liaving  an  impressed  point 
before  the  margin.  Pyriform  part  of  the  abdomen  globular  or 
compressed,  or  at  least  not  much  depressed.  Antennte  of  the 
males  terminated  by  a  hook. 

The  body  of  these  insects  is  in  general  densely  punctured  and 
covered  with  thick  sub-woolly  hair,  and  the  clypcus  of  the  males 
is  usually  yellow,  clothed  with  a  silvery  pile,  while  among  the 
females  it  is  only  marked  with  yellow.  But  these  characters  suffer 
certain  exceptions  among  the  American  species. 

As  it  was  said,  there  is  no  regular  limit  between  this  group  and 
the  Division  Omicron,  but  if  we  compare  the  extreme  forms  of 
both,  as  for  instance  E.  globicoUis  or  aviculus  with  E.  globulosus, 
there  will  be  an  easy  distinction  of  both  types,  which  exists  no 
longer  if  we  compare  all  the  species.  In  general  terms  we  can 
say  that  here  the  thorax  is  often  more  lengthened ;  the  mctathorax 
more  parted;  the  petiole  more  camj)anulale ;  the  extremity  of  this 


'  Cerceris  simulans  Sadss.  Reise  d.  Oesterr.  Fregatte  Novara,  Hytnenopt., 
p.  81,  No.  l,fig.  53.  In  this,  even  the  forms  of  Cerceris  are  so  modified  aa 
to  approximate  to  those  of  Pulijbia,  the  abdomen  becoming  elon(;ate-peti- 
olate. 


EUMENE8. 


93 


is  sometimes  not  margined,  Hometimos  iiinrginetl  hy  a  little 
cordon ;  tliis  is  not  preceded  by  u  regulur  cluinnel  us  in  Division 
Oinicron,  but  ratlier  by  tbive  iniprcHsions,  which  makes  tlie  salient 
margin  appear  somewhat  bidentato  before;  the  impression  of  the 
middle  is  always  the  most  distinct. 


A.  Large  species,  with  black  wings.     ITie  pear  of  the  abdomen 
rather  depressed ;  that  is,  not  compressed. 

a.  Body  svwoth,  shining,  not  punctured.  (Thnrax  elongate,  prliole  stromjltj 
campaiiular ;  its  sivelled  part  convex,  not  parted  by  a  i/ruuie,  its  martjin 
preceded  by  a  channel  as  in  Division  Omicron. 

33*  E.  Azteciis  Saups. — Validua,  ater,  nitldua,  baud  pnnctatus;  pro- 
uoti  margiue  postico  luudio,  poat-scutello,  pntioli  inargiiie,  et  abd.  aecundl 
seguenti  liiubi  fascia  iiiterrnpta,  pallidu  ocbraceia ;  autuunis  et  tarsia 
auticis  subtus  ferruginuia ;  alia  nigro-cooruleia.     9  • 

Total  lengtb,  22  mm. ;  wing,  17  mm. 
Eumenes  Aztecus  Sadss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  272. 

9.  Large,  black,  smooth,  and  polished,  without  punctures:  the 
body  throughout  smooth,  shining,  and  satin-like,  nearly  glabrous, 
with  neither  punctures  nor  distinct  stria?,  even  on  the  nietathorax 
or  the  petiole.  Clypeus  bidentate  at  the  extremity,  smooth  and 
polished  like  the  remainder  of  the  body.  Its  emargination  angu- 
lar. Thorax  long;  disk  of  mesothorax  lengthened.  Pyriibrm 
part  of  petiole  wide,  strongly  campanulate;  little  swelled,  convex 
above ;  its  posterior  border  formed  by  a  salient  cordon  preceded 
by  a  channel.  Second  abdominal  segment  depressed ;  but  the 
end  of  the  abdomen  a  little  compressed  (without  this  last  cha- 
racter this  insect  would  have  the  appearance  of  a  Pachymenes). 

Antenna)  long  and  slender,  black,  ferruginous  beneath.  Feet 
black  ;  tibiae  and  anterior  tarsi  with  golden  hairs,  appearing  yel- 
low. A  little  arcuate  line  in  the  middle  of  the  posterior  border 
of  the  prothorax,  two  dots  on  the  scutellura,  post-scutel,  and  a 
narrow  edging  on  the  margin  of  petiole,  pale  tawny ;  second  seg- 
ment generally  marked  with  a  pale-tawny  submarginal  border, 
narrow  and  widely  interrupted  in  the  middle.  Wings  black,  varied 
with  very  deep-violet  reflections. 

Var.  Only  the  post-scutel  and  the  petiole  marked  with  pale 
tawny. 


94 


IIYMEN(»PTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[rART  I. 


linnH.  a.  <li(f. — Tills  liiuidsoiuc  Hppcit's  Im.s  no  Himilarity  to  any 
but  llif  A'.  jlaci<:o/')ut<,  and  to  (lie  I'J.  WiKjni'.riantt,  IVoiii  wliich  it 
is  t'usily  (listiuguisliiid  by  its  uotclicd  clypeuti  uud  its  body  with- 
out Nt'ulpturu. 

Hub.  The  gulf  side  of  Mexico.     Tumpico. 

Ohtfi'rvation. — One  cun  discover  with  a  strong  magnifier,  a  fine 
sculpture  on  the  thorax  and  elsewhere;  the  scutellum  in  particu- 
lar is  very  iinely  jyunctured,  but  we  only  speak  here  of  characters 
easy  to  discover  and  relative  to  those  of  other  species. 

h.   Body  punctiirrd.     Petiole  eloni/nte;  its  dUatntion  Jlaltenfd-tlonijati',  parted 
by  a  ijroore,  not  .sensibly  miirtjined.     (PaHsnge  to  tlio  Division  Zeta.) 

34*  £•  llavlcorills  Sadsh. — Validus,  carbonariuH,  E,  Wagneriano 
siuiillinius,  at  clypeo  tiiiiiuato,  liaud  l)icarinat();  anteniiis,  clypeo, 
orbttiH,  macula  frontal!  inandiljiilisque  apice,  aurantiia;  anttiiiiiii)  % 
aplce  haud  unciuatin,  sulco  ininuto  Hiil)tnH  uotatia.     Long.  25  mm. 

£.  jhricornia  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.,  Ill,  141,  27;  pi.  vii,  fig.  4,  %  (Syn, 
tixol.). 

Hab.  Venezuela.    (Museum  auctoris.) 

35>  E.  Wagnerianus  n.  sp.— Niger, sericeus;  tliornoe  dense  pnnc- 
tato,  petiolo  deprea^o,  sulco  partito;  clypeo  9  valde  bicariuato,  apice 
subexciso;  alls  nigro-violuceiij. 

Total  length,  23-24  mm. ;  wing,  21  mm. 

9.  Large,  black,  shining;  head  and  thorax  finely  punctured. 
The  whole  body  clothed  with  a  line  grayish  pile.  Clypeus  rather 
rugose,  punctured  and  striate,  lengthened  and  widely  truncate  at 
its  inferior  border  and  slightly  notched,  its  angles  rounded, 
receiving  two  strong  parallel  distant  carina;  which  ».i*oss  the 
clypeus  for  about  two-thirds  of  its  length.  Prothorax  slightly 
retracted,  rimmed  ;  its  angles  a  little  salient.  Abdomen  de- 
pressed, smooth,  and  silky,  with  silvery  reflections;  enlargement 
of  petiole  flattened,  wide,  and  lengthened,  divided  by  an  impressed 
line.  The  whole  body  of  a  deep  black.  Wings  of  a  deep  brown, 
with  violet  reflections. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — This  species  very  much  resembles — 
1st.  The  E.   aztecus,  from  which  it  is  distinguished  by  its  dis- 
tinctly punctured  thorax,  by  its  much  longer  clypeus,  rugose, 
more  flattened,  not  bidentate ;  by  the  enlargement  of  the  petiole, 


EUMENE8. 


95 


more  loiigtliciuMl,  not  bossed  uiid  divided  by  a  strong  groove;  by 
itri  iinguliiti!  protliorax,  etc. 

2(1.  The  E.  Jlavkornis,  of  wliieli  it  lius  the  form  und  the  punc- 
tuution. 

.'Jd.  The  E.  itigcr  IJrulle,  frotn  wliich  it  differs  by  its  cniiirginute 
flypeus,  in  thi;  9;  by  tlio  uioro  lengthened,  less  diluted  enlurgo- 
nient  of  the  petiole,  etc. 

JJah.  The  Isthmus  of  Panama.  (My  collection.)  This  bciiu- 
tifnl  insect  vvu.s  sent  ine  by  the  celebrated  traveller,  Maurice 
Wagner,  of  Municii. 

The  flattened  and  suleated  petiole  of  the  E.  Wayney'ianus  and 
Jlavicornis  forms  an  exception  to  the  species  of  the  Division 
Alpha,  and  approxinmtes  it  somewhat  to  the  Division  Zela, 
although  the  petiole  is  too  wide  to  uliow  it  tu  be  classed  with  that 
Division. 

B.  Smaller  speciest,  with  the  abdomen  more  f/lobiilar  or  com- 
pressed. The.  border  of  the  petiole  a  little  murrjined;  the 
margin  preceded  by  an  impression,  (llegulur  typo  of 
Division  Alpha.) 

a.  Wings  smoky,  with  violet  iridescence. 
36.  E.  Ghilianii  Spin. 

Eumenes  Gfiiliiinii  Spknola  Hymen.,  rec,  par  Ghiliani,  No.  61  (M(Sm. 
Acad,  de  Turin,  184G).— Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  140,  26. 

Hab.  Brazil.     Para.    (Mus.  Spinoloe,  Taurinense.) 


ST.  E.  fraternilS  Sat. — Niger,  dense  punctatus,  cinereo-hirtus; 
abdoinine  nitido;  lineola  verticali  inter  antennas,  clypeo  suinmo,  pro- 
noti  margine,  post-scutello,  metanoti  sumnii  maculis  2,  abdoininigque 
segmentonim  1,  2  vel  1-3,  margine,  secnndo  maculis  2  later.. Mbus,  sul- 
fureis;  %  clypeo  toto  luteo;  segmentis  abdominalibus  1-4  flavo-lim- 
batis ;  metanoto  impunctato. 

9  •  Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

Eumenex  fraterna  Say,  Long's  Sec.  Exped.,  II,  344  (Append.,  77),  1,  % 
(1825).— Say's  Entomol.  (Le  Conte),  I,  232,  2.— Sauss.  Vespides, 
I,  40,  17,  9  S  • 

E.fervens  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  40,  U,  9  %  (18.')2). 

E,  macrops  Sauss.  ibid.  I,  41,  18,  %  (var.  ?  1852). 

E.  minuta  Sauss.  ibid.  I,  39,  14,  ^  (Syn.  exclus.). 


1)6 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


•/ 


A^/'  y 


9.  Clypcus  convex,  punctured,  the  tip  flattened,  notched,  and 
bidentate;  the  teeth  lauiellar.  Head  short,  nut  dilated  behind  the 
eyes,  cribrose  with  punctures,  as  also  the  thorax,  which  is  large, 
short,  globular ;  the  nietathorax  convex  and  more  densely  punc- 
tured ;  the  scutels  convex,  much  inclined,  continuing  the  convex 
surface  of  the  nietathorax.  Petiole  at  first  linear,  then  pyriforni, 
lengthened,  and  truncate,  covered  with  punctures,  insensibly  bi- 
dentate in  the  middle  and  bordered  posteriorly  by  a  hardly  salient 
cordon,  before  which  are  three  depressions,  of  which  the  middle 
one  often  forms  a  largo  hollow.  Second  segment  compressed,  flat 
beneath,  very  convex  above,  covered  with  punctures,  but  yet 
smooth  and  shining;  toward  the  middle  of  the  posterior  border 
of  the  second  segment  they  are  so  gathered  together  as  to  form 
a  depression  (which,  however,  is  often  wanting) ;  its  posterior 
border  with  double  leaves ;  the  upper  leaf  thick,  a  little  sinuous, 
slightly  concave  in  the  middle;  the  second  border  not  being  bent 
upward.  All  the  body  covered  with  a  short,  gray  pile,  not  cha- 
toyant. 

Insect  of  a  shining  black;  two  oblique  spots  at  the  summit  of 
the  clypeus,  the  carina  between  the  antennae  and  two  dots  behind 
the  eyes,  border  of  the  prothorax,  post-scutcl,  often  a  spot  under 
the  wing,  often  two  spots  at  the  summit  of  the  metathorax  and  at 
times  two  dots  on  the  middle  of  the  same,  two  variable  dots  on  the 
sides  of  the  second  segment  and  along  the  margin  of  the  same  a 
scalloped  border,  sulphur  yellow ;  legs  black,  tibiae  varied  with 
yellow ;  wings  brownish  with  violet  reflections.  Wing  scales  black, 
bordered  with  brown  or  spots  of  yellow  or  red.  1  clypeus  biden- 
tate, entirely  yellow  or  with  a  black  dot,  covered  with  a  silvery 
pile ;  scape  of  the  antenna;  marked  with  a  yellow  line  and  the 
hook  of  the  same  ferruginous. 

Var.  9  %, .  The  second  abdominal  segment  more  or  less  com- 
pressed, the  third  and  fourth  segments  often  wholly  or  in  part 
bordered  with  yellow.  Wing  scales  shining,  often  black,  or 
marked  with  a  yellow  dot.  A  yellow  dot  under  the  wing.  The 
yellow  dot  behind  the  eye  often  wanting. 

This  is  a  very  distinct  species  from  its  large  size,  its  strong 
puncturing  in  the  form  of  pin  holes,  from  its  slender  form  and 
its  violet  wings;  from  its  shining  black  color,  generally  but  I'ttle 
changed  by  the  very  short  hair  of  the  insect. 


y 


Q^' 


ix^i 


-HZl    '^'•^ 


/ 


\C^/ 


'i.tHl^ 


14^ 


i'^>.. 


P- 


of. 


yy. 


4* 


♦-'/''  J  x^ 


J' 


EUMKNES. 


97 


I  poss(>ss  pome  pprrimons,  cspocially  nialos,  wliicli,  without 
exactly  resembling  the  others,  do  not  yvX  seem  sufficiently  ilillerent 
to  constitute  another  species : — 

1st.  Petiole  shorter  and  wider,  with  a  longitudinal  indistinct 
groove  ;  second  segment  short,  and  all  the  segments  bordered 
with  whitish;  wing  scales  ferruginous;  the  thorax  quite  villoso. 
Size  smaller.     (Iowa.) 

2d.  Wing  scales  black  or  marked  with  a  yellow  dot;  wing 
entirely  bluish,  as  if  steeped  in  pale  ink,  with  some  violent 
reflections,  without  any  reddish  or  brownish  tint;  seen  by  their 
transparence,  they  have  this  same  gray-violet  color,  while  in  the 
type  they  ni>pear  brown.  Hooks  of  the  antennas  l;'fickish;  the 
second  segment  seen  in  profile  less  dilated  above,  smoother,  and 
less  punctured.     Size  smaller.     (New  York.) 

Huh.   The  eastern  part  of  the  United  States.     Very  common. 

This  insect  extends  from  New  Orleans  to  Canada.  1  have 
more  than  forty  specimens,  which  I  have  collected  in  Lonj.siaMa, 
in  Soutli  Carolina,  in  New  York,  or  wliich  have  lieen  .«ent  nio 
from  Tennessee,  Wisconsin,  Pennsylvania  (llaldenmn),  Illinois 
(B.  F.  Walsh),  Connecticut  (E.  Norton). 

The  species  is  very  distinct  in  its  appearance.  Though  pre- 
senting a  great  similarity  in  form  and  coloration  to  the  small 
European  Eumenes  (E.  coarctalus),  it  can  easily  be  distinguished 
from  it  by  the  much  greater  size,  by  the  black,  shining,  not 
pilose  body,  on  which  the  markings  are  little  extended,  and  tlio 
color  itt raw-yellow  or  vhitish;  by  its  black  scutellum,  with  the 
post-scutel  always  yel.jw  and  often  presenting  two  dots  at  the 
summit  of  the  metathorax;  by  its  smoky  or  violet  wings;  finally 
by  its  ))ody,  strongly  cribrose,  even  on  the  abdomen. 

These  characters,  as  well  as  the  but  little  variable  markings 
of  this  insect,  form  a  peculiar  appearance  which  enables  one  to 
recognize  it  at  first  sight.  It  is  a  species  really  special  to 
America,  and  which  cannot  well  be  taken  for  a  variety  of  E. 
coardatuH  Lin.  Although  the  males,  of  which  the  size  is  often 
less  and  among  which  the  characters  of  the  species  are  generally 
less  well  developed,  resemble  closely  those  of  the  E.  coarctulus, 
one  can,  nevertheless,  distinguish  them  by  these  characters  and 
the  much  stronger  punctures  of  the  abdomen. 

This  Eumenes  has  habits  analogous  to  those  of  the  Eumenes 
It  constructs  with  argillaceous  earth  a  nest  which 
I 


Europe. 


98 


IIYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


rosumblcs  a  sphere  terminated  by  a  little  bell-mouthed  neck, 
which  it  obliterates  after  filling.  One  often  finds  these  nests  in 
the  ooniitry,  joined  to  the  upper  surface  of  leaves,  or  stuck  to 
little  branches,  or  fastened  against  a  wall.  The  insect  places  its 
eggs  in  it  with  a  provision  of  caterpillars  which  can  serve  for  the 
nourishment  of  the  young  larva;.  According  to  Say  (Long's 
Sec.  Exp.,  II,  .'}4G),  it  chooses  the  larva;  of  nocturnal  lepidoptera, 
but  the  Eumenes  are  not  particular  in  their  choice.  Harris  also 
saw  the  same  species  collect  larva;  (canker  worms). ^  The  larva 
occupies  about  a  month  in  its  development,  and  the  perfect  insect 
makes  its  exit  by  piercing  the  walls  of  the  cradle  which  is  then 
no  more  to  it"  than  a  prison. 

6.  Wiiif/s  transparent  or  yellowish.    {Bnilij  generally  clothed  with  short  iroolly 

pile.) 

*  Second  abdominal  segment  tcitkout  lateral  yellow  spots. 

38.  E.  ferrugilieus  Cre.«s. —  %.  Pallide  forru{;;iH-us;  orbitis,  clypeo, 
margiue  antico  prouoti,  maculis  2  uiesoiioti,  (;ai,ollo,  post-scutello, 
macula  subalaii,  maculirt  2  metaiioti,  pedibus  partim,  abdominis  seg- 
mentorum  1,2  margine  apicali,  obscure  flaveseentibns  ;  antennis  mediis 
iiigresieiitibus ;  alis  pallide  liyalino-flavidis ;  clypeo  bideutato,  ^  <^^' 
geiiteo.     Long.  4^  lin. 

K.  ferriKjinea  Ckess.  Proc.  Eut.  Soc,  Phila.,  18G5,  158.     9  • 
Hub.  Cuba. 


39.  E.  Iturbide  Sacs?. — Eum.  pomtformis  statura,  niger,  dense  pnnc- 
tatus,  fulvo-birsutus;  secuudo  abd.  segmento  supra  maxime  gibboso, 
margine  oaualicuhito ;  pronoto  lato,  subdepresso ;  anteunis  omnino 
nigris  ;  clypeo  bidentato,  %  9  '"g''0>  cum  macula  in  summo  flava; 
nuu'ula  iVontali,  pronoti  et  abd.  segnientorum  margine,  po'^ts'utello  et 
macula  subalari,  sulfureis;  tfgulis,  tibiis  et  tarsis,  ferui;;''! -is  ;  alis 
sulibyalinis. 

Eumenes  Iturbide  Sacss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  271. 
Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  9i  mm. 

9 .   Clypeus  deeply  notched,  very  convex  on  its  upper  part;  the 
teeth  of  the  enmrginotion  long  and  triangular,  slender  and  lamel- 


'  I  have  seen  one  of  this  species  with  the  green  larva  of  a  Diurnal  lepi- 
dopler.  Mr.  Walsh  writes  that  he  has  found  i|^  nests  stored  with  green 
larv».  £.  N. 


EUMENE8. 


99 


iate.  Thorax  wklo,  a  little  doprosscd,  that  is,  less  high  than  wide ; 
cribrose  with  thick  punctures.  Petiole  pyriform,  a  little  less 
strongly  punctured  than  the  thorax,  bordered  by  a  salient  rim 
before  which  is  a  hollow  space.  Second  segment  covered  with 
quite  fine  and  dense  punctures;  flattened  beneath,  very  convex, 
and  much  dilated  above,  into  a  prominent  boss  of  an  almost 
tubercular  form ;  behind  this  boss  is  a  species  of  transverse 
channel  which  forms  a  submarginal  depression ;  finally  the  border 
is  sensibly  turned  up  in  the  middle. 

Insect  black,  very  pilose,  bristling  with  tawny  or  fulvous  Lair, 
which  is  short  and  chatoyant  on  the  abdomen.  Antennai  entirely 
black;  a  spot  on  the  middle  of  the  summit  of  clypeus,  a  point 
on  the  face  and  two  behind  the  eyes,  one  under  the  wings,  post- 
scutel  and  border  of  all  the  segments,  yellow ;  the  border  of  the 
last  a  little  scalloped.  The  prothorax  is  also  ornamented  with  a 
narrow  margin,  twice  interrupted  or  with  three  transverse  spots, 
yellow.  Wing  scales  red.  Legs  black,  tibia}  and  tarsi  ferrugi- 
nous. Wings  transparent,  sullied  with  brownish-ferruginous,  or 
yellow  often  passing  into  ferruginous.  The  spots  of  the  head 
and  of  the  thorax  are  often  wanting  wholly  or  in  part;  the  middle 
only  of  the  prothorax  bordered  with  yellow. 

%.  Hook  of  the  antennae  ferruginous.  The  remainder  exactly 
as  with  the  female,  but  the  clypeus  covered  with  a  silvery  pile 
among  fresh  specimens  and  marked  at  the  summit  with  a  large 
yellow  spot. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  very  well  characterized  by  the 
singular  deformity  of  the  second  abdominal  segment,  which  has 
no  yellow  lateral  spots;  by  its  red  wing  scales  and  by  its  very 
velvety  appearance  (even  the  scape  of  the  antennae  is  quite  brist- 
ling with  hair  in  fresh  specimens),  by  its  black  clypeus,  spotted 
with  yellow^  in  both  sexes,  which  is  different  in  most  other  species 
(among  which  the  clypeus  of  the  male  only  is  yellow).  Compare 
E.  olmecus. 

Hab.  The  temperate  regions  of  INtexico.  I  have  taken  it  in 
the  Michoacau  and  in  the  deep  baranca  of  Meztitlan.  One 
specimen,  9,  having  the  clypeus  entirely  black,  was  taken  in 
Mechoacan,  near  Tuxpan.     (Temperate  region.) 

Observation. — One  peculiarity  is  worthy  of  remark  in  this 
species,  that,  contrary  to  the  habitual  rule,  the  male  is  stouter 
than  the  female. 


100 


UYMENOl'TEUA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[part  I, 


40*  E*  consolll'inus  S  ess. — Niger,  fulvo  hirsutns^Tnlde  punntatus; 
thorace  depresso ;  abd.  2c  seguieuto  supra  couipresso  et  inflate,  niargino 
medio  trausversim  inipreseo;  tegulis,  tibiis  et  tarsis  rufis ;  pronoti  fas- 
ciola  et  punctis  2  humeralibus,  post-scutello  et  abd.  seginentoram  mar- 
gine  sulfureis. 

% .  Clypeo  bidentato,  in  summo  flavo-maculato. 

E.  consobrianm  Sauss.  Et.  Vesp.,  Ill,  140,  25.'     % . 
Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

% .  Clypeus  punctured,  vclutinous,  lengthened,  triangular,  sepa- 
rated by  a  triangular  incision.  Thorax  a  little  depressed,  more 
wide  than  high,  but  short,  almost  square,  distinctly  punctured 
throughout,  the  metathorax  very  densely  so.  Petiole  punctured, 
pear-shaped,  lengthened,  and  truncate,  not  campanulate,  offering 
at  the  extremity,  before  the  border,  a  sunken  place  ;  2d  segment 
flattened  beneath,  but  compressed  above,  forming  a  salient  boss, 
and  pi'esenting  in  the  middle  before  its  border  a  transverse 
depression,  so  that  the  border  is  a  little  elevated  in  the  middle ; 
this  segment,  above,  very  densely  punctured,  but  less  strongly 
than  the  thorax.  A  testaceous  lamina  extendiug  beyond  the 
border  of  all  the  segments. 

Insect  black,  all  the  body  clothed  with  a  long  yellow  pile. 
"Wing  scales,  hook  of  the  antennae  %,  tibia?,  and  tarsi  red;  an 
oval  spot  on  the  summit  of  clypeus  %,  a  point  on  the  front,  two 
little  dots  behind  the  summit  of  the  eyes,  two  dots  on  the  angles 
of  the  prothorax,  a  jttle  line  in  the  middle  of  its  posterior  border, 
post-scutel  and  a  regular  and  narrow  border  on  the  segments  1-5 
of  the  abdomen,  sulphur-yellow.  Tibiae  often  brownish  at  the 
end.     Wings  subsmoky. 

Hab.  Brazil.  (Collection  of  Sen.  the  Marquis  Spinola,  at 
Turin.) 

This  species,  which  is  of  the  smallest  size,  approaches  very 
much  to  the  E.  compressus  Sauss. 


41.  E.  ciruguyensis  Sauss. 

Eiimenes  Uruguyensis  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  139,  24,  pi.  vii,  fig.  6,  1854. 

Hab.  Uruguay.     Monte-Yideo.     (Typus  in  mus.  Parisiensi.) 


'  L.  0.  3me  ligne  de  la  description,  an  lieu  de :  hase,  lisez  basse. 
Ibid,  time  ligue  de  la  description,  au  lieu  de :  bout,  lisez  haul. 


EUMKNE8. 


101 


43*  E*  placidUS  Smitic. — Niger, antennis,proiioto,  nietanoto  utriuque, 
petiolo  partiin  pedibusque,  rufis ;  anteiini.s  superne  paitini  iiigiis;  pro- 
noti  maigine  postico  abdomiuisque  segmentorutu  1',  2'  limbo,  3'-5'  faaciiv 
Abbi'tiviata,  Uavis.     (A'.  Uniguijensi  aliiuis  species.)    Loiigit.  4^  lin. 

Eutneues  placidus  Smitu  Traus.  £nt.  Soc,  Loudou,  3d  series,  I,  p.  37, 
(18(J2). 

Hah.  Panama. 

**  Seco7id  aiUoiiiinal  segment  with  a  yellow  spot  on  each  aide  (sometimes  wanting 

in  vi'ritty). 

43«  U«  globulOSUS  Sauss. — Niger,  dense  punctatus,  subferrugineo- 
hirtus  ;  abdomiue  nitido,  fulvo-subsericeo ;  petiolo  breviore ;  clypeo 
sumtno,  lineola  inter  antennas,  punctilio  pone  ocnlos,  pronoti  margine, 
macula  subalari,  scutelli  maculis  2,  post-scutcUo,  niaculis  2  in  summo 
uietanoto,  abd.  segmentorum  uiarginibus,  secundique  niaculis  obliquis 
2  lateralibus,  flavis:  tibiis  et  tarsis  ferrugineis,  seu  Uavis;  alls  subhya- 
liuis  ;  tegulis  tlavis  puucto  rufo.     9  • 

Eumenes  globulosus  Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  139,  23,  9  •    (1854.) 
Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

9.  This  species  differs  from  E.  fralernns:  By  the  olypcus 
being  less  bidontate,  muoli  h;ss  notched ;  by  its  smaller  size,  and 
a  little  shorter  petiole;  also  in  the  part  of  the  same  enlarged  and 
so  much  divided  by  an  obsolete  channel ;  by  its  Gner  punctures, 
especially  on  the  abdomen;  by  its  more  ferruginous  pile,  which 
is  longer  and  gives  the  insect  a  sub-woolly  appearance.  Also  by 
a  more  complete  marking;  the  clypeus  often  presenting  two  yel- 
low spots,  the  wing  scale  bordered  with  yellow  and  having  a  red 
dot  in  the  middle  ;  and  the  abdomen  shining  upon  the  quite  wide 
borders  of  segments  2-5  ;  that  of  the  2d  being  scalloped  and  its 
lateral  spots  often  lengthened ;  finally  by  the  transparent  wings, 
slightly  washed  with  ferruginous  along  the  side.  It  is  fitting  to 
add  that  the  yellow  border  of  the  prothorax,  in  place  of  being 
enlarged  at  its  two  extremities  as  in  the  E.  fratcrnus,  is  narrow 
and  is  at  times  bi-interrupted. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  black,  or  Avith  two  yellow  marks  at  the  sum- 
mit; no  subalary  spot. 

h.  The  yellow  band  of  the  post-.scutcl  interrupted.  Scutel 
black. 

c.  Clypeus  yellow,  bordered  with  black  below  and  marked  with 
a  black  trident. 

d.  Prothorax  black,  or  only  with  a  little  yellow  in  the  middle. 


h' 


102 


nYMENOPTERA   OP  AMERICA. 


PART  I. 


Var.  (probable).  Posterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  also  bor- 
dered witli  yellow  ? 

I  liave  never  seen  tbe  males. 

liess.  a.  diff. — This  speeies  recalls  tbe  European  E.  jwrnifor- 
viis  much  more  tlian  the  E.fraternus,  by  its  smaller  size,  by  the 
body  being  a  little  velvety,  and  by  its  transparent  wings,  also  by 
its  petiole  being  shorter  and  more  enlarged  than  in  the  E.  fru- 
ternns,  and  at  times  also  divided  by  a  groove.  One  might  ask 
whether  E.  globulosus  may  not  be  a  type  derived  from  the 
European  E.  jJomiformis,  which  may  have  transmigrated  to 
America. 

It  differs  from  the  E.  americanns  by  having  different  mark- 
ings and  by  its  black  antenna? ;  from  E.  Ilurbide  by  its  abdomen, 
which  has  not  the  rimmed  border  on  the  second  segment,  and  by 
its  differently  marked  clypeus,  for  it  has  all  the  superior  part, 
especially  laterally,  marked  with  yellow,  while  in  the  E.  Iturbide, 
the  yellow  upper  spot  is  in  the  middle,  not  marginal ;  the  clypeus 
is  also  more  shining,  less  strongly  punctured,  etc. 

Ilab.  The  interior  of  the  United  States.  Illinois,  Wisconsin, 
prairies  (G  %).     Great  Slave  Lake  (British  America,  $). 

44.  E.  auropilosa  Smith. — Niger,  .inreo-pilosns ;  thorace  crasse 
punctato ;  tlypeo  sulmiaigiiiato  ;  aiiteiiiiis  suliln?  ftrrugiiieis  ;  puncto 
frontali  et  ocnlari,  macula  utrimjue  et  limbo  postito  pjouoti,  macula 
subalari,  post-tegulis,  linea  scutelli  et  post-scutello  maculisque  2  meta- 
noti,  flavis ;  petioli  margine  et  puncto  utrliiqiie  apieali,  segiiienloiniii 
reliquorum  margine,  fasoiaque  laterali  utrinque  2'  segmenti  cum  margiua. 
coujuueta,  flavis ;  pedibus  rails  basi  nigris  ;  alls  subbyaliuis.  %  — 
Longit.  4  lin. 

E.  auropilosa  Smith  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vesp.,  30,  71. 

JJab.  Brazil.    (Villa  Nova.) 

***  Second  nbdominal  segment  having  on  ench  tide  a  yelloto  fascia,  or  a  eon.jtUti'. 
transverse  yellow  band  on  its  middle. 

45.  E.  Culiensis  Cress. — Fuscns,falTo,  metauotocano,  pilosns;  clypco 
emargiiiato ;  corpore  valde  punctato ;  orbitis,  clypeo,  macula  frontali, 
margine  antico  pronoti,  maciila  subalari,  macnlis  2  mesonoti,  tegulis 
partim  scutelli  margine  antico,  post-scntello,  metanoto  partim,  tibiis  et 
tarsis,  abdominis  petioli  apice,  fasciisqne  2  secnndi  segment!,  flavis; 
anteunis  ferrugineis,  basi  flavescentibus,  apioe  nigresceutibus ;  alis 
fusco-hyalinis,  apioe  foliginosis.     J . — Loug.  7  lin. 

E.  Cubensis  Ckessox,  Proc.  Ent.  Soo.  of  PliiJa.,  IV,  18G5,  157. 

Hab.  Cuba.     Seems  to  approach  very  near  to  E.  Smithii. 


ElMENES. 


103 


46.  E>  Ainoricaillls  Sapss. — Niger,  dcnso  puiictntns,  ^rrnpineo- 
liiitus ;  petiolo  graoili ;  aiiteiinis  ferniginelH,  apioe  nigiis ;  proiioto, 
tegulis,  scutelli  inargiiie,  mctiinoti  et  pntioli  lateribus,  ft'rrii:,'ineis  ;  post- 
scutello,  abdominis  segiuentoruiu  marginibns,  seeuiiili  fiisuia  utiiuque 
laterali  et  pedibu8,  rullH  vel  aiiraiitiacis  ;  alls  Hubferrugiiieis. 
E,  Americatius  Sacsk.  Vespides,  I,  39,  13  (1852). 

Total  leugth,  13  luui.  ;  wing,  9  mm. 

Form  of  E.  fraternus,  but  smaller  and  a  little  more  slender. 
All  the  body  feebly  sliagreened  or  rather  cribrosc ;  the  tiiorax 
with  confluent  punctures ;  not  very  rough.  Clypcus  bidentate, 
yellow,  covered  with  a  silvery  pile,  in  both  sexes.  Tiiorax  short, 
quadrate.  Petiole  lengthened,  slender,  gradually  enlarging, 
insensibly  bidentate  in  the  middle,  eribrose  with  slightly  separated 
punctures,  and  bordered  at  its  posterior  extremity  with  a  salient 
cordon,  parted  by  a  middle  groove.  Second  segment  compressed, 
flattened  beneath,  very  convex  above,  densely  punctured,  and 
carrying  toward  the  middle  of  its  posterior  margin  a  transverse 
depression. 

Insect  black,  covered  with  an  abundant  ferruginous  pile ;  the 
black  passing  much  into  ferruginous;  mandibles  ferruginous, 
black  at  base ;  a  spot  between  the  antenna),  margin  of  the  notch 
of  the  eyes  and  a  line  behind  them,  }'ellow ;  the  prolhorax,  wing 
scale,  sides  of  metathorax,  and  a  spot  under  the  wing,  the  post- 
scutel,  the  anterior  border  of  the  scutellura  and  the  sides  of  the 
petiole  ferruginous  or  rufou.s.  The  second  segment  ferruginous- 
brown.  The  two  borders  of  the  prothorax  and  that  of  the 
petiole,  in  general  marked  with  a  yellow  edging;  post-seutel,  a 
wide  border  on  all  the  segments  of  the  abdomen,  and  often  two 
spots  on  the  petiole,  orange ;  the  border  of  the  second  segment 
very  wide  in  the  middle  (not  emarginate)  being  narrower  at  the 
sides  and  often  confounding  itself  with  two  yellow  oblicpie  spots 
ox  lines,  which  occupy  the  sides  of  the  segment.  The  abdomen 
ferruginous  beneath ;  legs  ferruginous,  with  the  til)ia!  and  the 
tarsi  yellow  and  the  thighs  above  sometimes  blackish.  Antenme 
ferruginous,  black  above  on  the  six  last  articles.  The  scape 
yellow  beneath.  Wings  transparent,  with  ferruginous  nervures, 
at  the  end  grayish. 

? .  Clypeus  marked  with  an  orange  spot  at  base  and  in  the 
middle ;  its  teeth  acute. 

% .  Clypeus  narrower,  sulphur-yellow ;  hook  of  the  antenna; 
ferruginous. 


104 


IIYMENOI'TEIIA   OF   AMElllCA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


Var.  The  whole  insect  covered  with  fulvous  woolly  pubes- 
cence. Tiiorax  and  petiole  rufous ;  second  ahd.  segment  fulvous 
with  a  transverse  black  band  produced  to  the  base,  separating 
on  each  side  a  yellow  nuicula.    Wings  obscure,  with  rufous  costa. 

Hess.  a.  iliff. — This  species  sometimes  offers  a  reseniljlanee  to 
the  E.  globulusus  Sauss.,  which  also  has  the  nuirkings  yellow 
rather  than  whitish  ami  which  is  covered  with  ferruginous  hair; 
but  it  differs  essentially  from  it  in  its  compressed  abdomen,  in  its 
petiole,  narrow,  elongate-pyriforra,  not  carapanulate  in  the  middle  ; 
in  its  antennaj  ferruginous  at  the  base,  etc.  It  is  (piite  approxi- 
mate to  E.  Sniithii,  but  smaller;  the  petiole  more  slender;  the 
metathorax  more  triangular ;  the  punctuation  of  the  body  not  so 
strong. 

Hnb.  The  hot  regions  of  Mexico.  I  have  taken  it  in  the 
valley  of  Mextitlau  between  Mexico  and  Tampico. 


4^.  E.  Siuithii  Sauss. — Ferrngineus,  corpore  crasse  et  densissime 
piiiictato,  etiam  in  abd.  secUi.do-segineiito ;  aiiteunis  ferrugineis ; 
vertice,  meaoiioti  disco  et  petioli  basi,  iiigiis;  postscntello,  proivoio  et 
abd.  segment  or  uiu  1',  2',  limbo  Ufivis  ;  secuudo  segmeuto  I'usco,  fascia 
transversa  riifa  vel  aurantiaca. 

% .  Clypeo  argeuteo. 

V(ir,   Niger,  rufo  et  flavo  varius. 

Eumenes  Smithii  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  43,  21 ;  pi.  x,  fig.  1  (1852). 
Total  length,  18  mm.  ;  wing,  11  mm. 

9.  Of  moderate  size.  In  size  and  in  form,  resembling  E. 
fratermts.  Prothorax  slightly  retracted  before;  petiole  a  little 
longer  than  in  the  species  cited.  Abdomen  compressed.  The 
whole  insect  densely  cribrose  with  strong  punctures ;  the  second 
segment  of  the  abdomen  a  little  less  coarsely  so,  but  yet  strongly 
cribrose.  All  the  body  clothed  with  a  grayish  pile.  Clypeus 
black,  satin-like,  notched.  Head  black;  mandibles  and  antenna) 
ferruginous ;  these  last  obscure  above ;  margin  of  the  eyes  and 
a  spot  on  the  front  often  ferruginous.  Thorax  red,  with  the 
sutures  black;  the  mesothorax  at  times  l)lack  with  two  red  stripes 
and  something  of  black  on  the  flanks  and  in  the  furrow  of  the 
metathorax.  Border  of  the  prothorax,  of  the  wing  scale,  and  the 
post-scutel  often  yellow;  abdomen  black,  segments  1,  2  bordered 
with  a  yellow  cordon ;  the  second  marked  with  a  red  transverse 
band  ;  the  other  segments  red,  shaded  with  black  at  their  base. 


ELMENES. 


105 


Feet  red  or  varied  with  yellow.    Wings  washed  witli  ferru^nuuus- 
browii,  with  golden  reflections;  the  radial  eellulie  a  little  bruwnirih. 

% .  Clypeus  lengthened,  bidentuto,  red  or  yellow,  with  u  silvery 
pile  ;  fore  part  of  scape  of  antennas  yellow. 

Var.  The  ground  color  is  often  red  throughout,  and  the  only 
black  is  on  the  vertex,  the  disk  of  uiesothora.x  in  part,  and  the 
base  of  petiole.  The  second  segment  then  has  an  orange  band 
mingling  on  its  margin  with  the  red  or  the  brown  which  borders 
it.  It  is  probable  that  the  highly-colored  specimens  have  the 
Kcutcllum,  the  prothora.x,  and  wing  scales  yellow. 

linsfi.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  easily  recognized  by  its  colors, 
especially  by  the  transverse  band  of  the  second  alxlominal  seg- 
ment and  also  by  its  strong  puncturing.  It  has  the  abdomen 
very  densely  punctured  and  this  character  would  be  sullicient  to 
show  its  diflerenee  from  E.  fratermis,  if  its  marl;ii:,us  did  not 
already  suffice  to  dir-tinguish  it.  It  is  also  very  s.iniiiir  to  E. 
aniericanus.      Compare  this  species. 

Hah.  The  Southern  United  States.  Florida.  (I  possess  two 
males.) 

c.   Siiecies  of  uncertain  origin. 

48.  £.  coinpressus  Sauss. 

Eumenes  covipressa  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  142,  28 ;  pi.  viii,  fig.  5, 5a  (1854). 

This  species  has  the  form  of  E.  fraternua,  but  the  petiole  is 
a  little  longer,  and  the  2d  segment  of  the  abdomen  has  no  yellow 
spots. 

Its  origin  is  not  known. — America??.     (Mus,  of  Paris.) 
It  would  fit  next  to  E.  Iturhide,  in  the  section  B,  a,  the  wings 
being  rather  cloudy  iridescent. 


Division  ZETA. 
(SAnss.  Vp.spides  I,  07;  III,  132,  146.) 

Petiole  very  long,  linear  at  its  base,  there  depressed  and 
widened  inform  of  a  ribbon;  generally  divided  upon  its  dorsal 
face  by  a  longitudinal  groove.  The  remainder  of  the  abdomen 
pyriform,  compressed  at  the  end ;  the  second  segment  subpedi- 
culate;  its  base  in  some  degree  a  short  continuation  of  the  petiole. 

In  this  group  the  mandibles  are  very  long,  having  indistinct 
teeth ;  the  head  is  flattened  before ;  the  thorax  has  a  velvety 
surface.  It  is  wide  before  and  its  anterior  angles  are  very  dis- 
tinct.    The  abdomen  is  quite  lengthened. 


m 


lOG 


IIYMKNOI'TEllA    OP    A^IKUICA. 


[part  I. 


This  division  is  inoro  (listiiu-t  tliaii  tlio  prcccdiiiju',  l)Ut,  iievcr- 
tlioloHs.  it  joins  itsolf  to  Division  Al])fia  by  (lie  JJ.  Waynerianus 
and  Jlavicornis. 

49.  K,  abdoiuiliulis  Duuuv. — Viilidun,  jfrncilif*;  coijioro  velutino; 
clyjiHO  npiiH  pariim  oiiiiirgiiiiito,  deutilius  rotuiiiKitis;  jmliolo  (leplaniito, 
aiilco  partito;  iilirf  ferriigiiieirt  ;  aiiteiiui«  ftiiruginoia,  apice  supra  uigris. 
(Coloium  distiilmtio  inaxime  vnrint  in  hoc  insecto,  a  corpore  oninino 
ferriigiueo,  a<l  nigio-  et  llavo-varifgatuni  ;  varintas  lUaxiiiii)  ablioireiis 
vidotur  esse  thorace  nigro,  pmiioto  ft  scuitellis  flavis.  Sippiiis  potiolua 
uiger  permauet,  margine  Havo,  et  abdomiiiu  fuirugiuHO.)  9  %  • 
Total  length,  21  umi. ;  wing,  17  mm. 

Sphex  abthmlnalis  Dkury,  Illnst.  of  Ins.  I,  tab.  45.  fig.  2  (1770). 
Vi'sjxi  alienualu  Oliv.  Encyc.  Muth.  VI,  ti74  (171>1>.— Fabu.  Eut.  Syst. 

II,  282. 
Sfihcx  extensa  Christ,  Hymen,  ibid,  XXXII,  lig.  7. 
PuUxtHH  nIteuualHS  Fadk.  S.  1'.  271)  (1804). 
Eumiucs  alithminulin  Sai'ss.  Vespides,  I,  70,  58,  et  in  La  Sagra,  Hist,  de 

Cuba  In.s.  7t)8. — Cbk.sson,  Hymen,  of  Cuba,  Proc.  Ent.  Soo.  Philad. 

IV,  1805,  157. 
Euvienes  cnhma  Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  70,  59  (1852),  et  in  La  Sagra,  Hist,  de 

Cuba  Ins.  768,  pi.  19,  fig.  1. 
Enmcnes  versicolor  Sal'ss.  ibid.  I,  71,  00. 
Eumenvs  oniutns  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  147,  Sfi,  pi.  viii,  fig.  3  (1854),  et 

iu  La  Sagra  Hist,  de  Cuba  Ins.  708. 
Eumeites  picta  Smith,  Catal.  Brit.  Mus.  Vespidto,  32,  79  (1857). 

9%.  Large.  31andibles  forming  a  long  beak  by  their  union, 
presenting  two  lines  of  punetures.  Clypeus  a  little  cniarginate 
at  its  e.xtrcniity;  the  noteh  placed  between  two  rounded  projec- 
tions. Head  and  thorax  punctured,  velvety.  The  angles  of  pro- 
thorax  a  little  salient.  Petiole  arcuate,  shining;  of  the  length 
of  the  thorax  ;  divided  by  a  groove.  The  remainder  of  the 
abdomen  pyriforni,  almost  fusiform,  subvelvety,  or  even  silky. 
The  body  clothed  with  a  gray  pile. 

AntennfB  ferruginous,  with  the  extremity  of  the  scape  of  % 
ornamented  with  a  yellow  line.  ]\landil)les  ferruginous.  Wings 
transparent,  of  a  yellow  ferruginous  along  the  side.  Nothing  is 
more  variable  than  the  distribution  of  the  colors  on  the  remainder 
of  the  body. 

One  can  arrange  the  following  principal  varieties : — 

a.  Color  in  the  main  black ;  a  frontal  spot,  border  of  the  orbits, 
an  interrupted  transverse  line  before  the  ocelli  and  clypeus,  yellow; 
this  last  marked  with  a  black  spot  at  its  summit.     Prothorax,  a 


KUMKNES. 


107 


n\u\i  ImIow  tlio  wing,  sciitollmii,  iiiul  post-scutcl,  oxtrniiity  of 
tlio  petiole,  u  large  sciilloju'il  Itorder  on  tiie  seooiul  segiiieiil  iiiid 
the  following  segments,  yellow.  Legs  yellow,  with  tl'e  thighs 
in  jmrt  black.     (A',  ornatun  Suuss.) 

Ifnh.   Isle  of  St.  Thotnns. 

b.  Two  yellow  sjioLs  on  nietathorax.  The  bonier  of  second 
segment  so  wide  thiU  no  black  remains  but  n  tricuspid  l)asilar 
spot,  (Sometimes  there  are  two  yellow  smooth  sjiots  on  the 
second  segment.  Two  yellow  spots  appear  on  the  disk  of  meso- 
tliorax.  The  dypeus  and  legs  are  without  black,  but  often 
present  some  ferruginous  ccjior.     (//'.  vci'nicolor.) 

Hub.  Jamaica.      Venezuela. 

V.  The  pyriform  part  of  abdomen  ferruginous,  with  its  segments 
more  or  less  distinctly  bordered  with  yellow.     {E.  (ibdoiniiiulin.) 

Hah.  Jamaica.     Cuba, 

There  is  often  a  yellow  lino  on  the  scnpc  of  the  antennnp  nnd 
the  yellow  original  markings  reappear  on  the  ferruginous  color 
of  the  thorax.     {E.  pivla.) 

Hah.   Saint  Domingo. 

d.  Thorax  almost  entirely  yellow,  presenting  only  a  black  spot 
on  the  extremity  of  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax,  a  band  before  the 
sculellum,  and  an  obliijue  one  on  the  flanks.  Abdomen  ferrugi- 
nous; the  petiole  bhuk,  bordered  with  yellow  or  orange,  with  the 
base  black  and  the  Ijorder  yellow.     {E.  culuna.) 

Hah.  Ilayti.     Jamaica. 

e.  The  whole  insect  ferruginous,  a  little  varied  with  yellow  on 
the  head  and  thorax,  not  oll'ering  more  of  black  than  the  thoracic 
sutures,  and  a  frontal  and  vertical  line. 

Nah.  Cuba. 

Its  form  also  varies.  Specimens  which  I  have  taken  at  St. 
Thomas  are  stout;  they  have  the  petiole  wide;  those  which  I 
have  captured  in  Jamaica  are  slender  and  lithe ;  their  petiole 
is  renmrkably  narrower. 

In  conclusion ;  these  variations  are  not  only  dependent  upon 
the  localities,  but  probably,  also,  on  the  seasons  and  diverse  for- 
tuitous circumstances. 

50.  £.  canaliciilatus  Oltv. 

Vesfia  rtmiilicnUila  Omv.  Eiicyc.  Meth.  VI,  672  (1791). 
Vexpn  diadema  Fabr.  Kiit.  S.  Pnppl.  2()3  (1798);  S.  P.  285  (Eiimenes). 
Eumi'iiis  c(i)i(ihniliii<i  Sauss.   Vespid.  I,  G8,  50;  pi.  xi,  llg.  5. — DeGeer 
Mem.  Ids.  Ill,  579,  Tab.  29,  fig.  3. 


108 


IIYMKNUl'TEUA    OF   AMEllICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


Var.  a.  Wholly  fcrnifriintiis,  with  tlic  wiiifrs  olisciirc. 
h.   Alxloiiu'ii  l)lii(l<,  with  till.'  I'lid  H'rrugiiicii.s;  itotiok- fernii^i- 
nous,  with  u  bliick  iiuir^nii, 
Hub.  South  Auierica. 

Al.  E.  Orblffiiyl  HAnns. 

EniMinc.!,  Orhiiiniji  Saumh.  Hludes  sur  la  Fnm.  Vespidea,  I,  C9,  57  (1852). 

Hub.  Iloliviu.     I'robubly  a  vai'ioty  of  the  prt'cediug. 

as.  E.  ClialicodoniOD  n.  np.— Niger;  capita  et  tliornce  ferrugineiA, 
fronto  ot  iiieHouoti)  iiigiis;  tuberculis  '1  obsolutis  tVnugiiieirt  in  fioiite; 
ciypeo  'ato,  finaigiiifito ;  alxloniinH  fere  iinpnuctato ;  petiolo  medioori, 
lipvi,  vix  Hu'.'^ato,  apiuu  puiioto  impretiiio  «t  u>ar(jiut>  Uavo;  alis  iufuy- 
catia.     9 . 

Total  length,  15-20  mm. ;  wing,  12-16  mm. 

9.  Head  orbicular,  longer  than  wide.  C'lypeus  large,  widely 
but  not  deeply  eniarginato  ut  its  inferior  border  and  a  little  bieari- 
uate ;  the  cariuie  distant.  Between  the  antenmc  an  elongate 
tubercle  i)arted  by  a  Kulcosity,  and  over  this,  next  to  the  top  of 
the  eyes,  two  frontal  rounded  tubercles;  vertex  arcuate.  Thorax 
elongate,  compressed,  anteriorly  niargine  by  a  feeble  crest. 
Scutcl  convex,  parted  by  a  groove  ;   ni  M'a  :  parted  by  a 

channel,  nearly  to  the  top.  Head  and  thorax  delicately  punctate. 
Disk  of  niesothorax  with  two  or  four  sulcosities  at  base.  Peticilo 
moderate,  polished,  impunetate,  as  long  as  the  thorax,  a  little 
gibbous  in  the  middle ;  its  sulcosity  very  obsolete ;  the  end 
without  elevated  margin,  but  with  an  impressed  point.  The  rest 
of  the  abdomen  elongate,  pear-shaped,  not  compressed,  nearly 
impunetate,  except  along  the  edge  of  the  margins;  the  second 
edge  obsoletely  separated  from  the  first. 

Head  ferruginous  ;  the  forehead  black,  with  its  three  tubercles 
ferruginous;  antennas  ferruginous;  the  flagellum  black  above. 
Thorax  ferruginous,  beneath  and  in  the  grooves  of  the  sides, 
black;  disk  cl'  niesothorax  black.  Abdomen  black;  the  petiole 
margined  with  yellow.  Feet  ferruginous,  varied  with  fuscous. 
Wings  washed  with  brown ;  the  eosta  more  obscure. 

Bess.  a.  cliff. — Nearly  of  the  same  coloration  as  E.  canaHcu- 
latus,  but  smaller;  the  head  less  broad,  not  so  triangular,  distinct 
by  its  two  frontal  feeble  tubercles;  tire  thorax  much  narrower, 
more   margined   anteriorly,  more  canaliculate  posteriorly ;    the 


EUMKNRS. 


109 


Pcutcl  not  Hut  nor  entire ;  the  petiole  .shorter,  not  ho  dislinetiy 
siilcute. — Very  distinct  from  jili/hnnin  by  tlic  sumc  churacturd 
and  l)y  it.s  nearly  inipuiictate  aixhtniun. 

JIah.  IJrazil.  rernanibiieo.  This  insect  was  bred  in  a  neat 
of  Chalivoduma;  If  as  u  purasito  1  could  not  ascertain. 

A3>  E.  flIiforilllH  Sadhx. — Niger,  nntenniH  subtnH  ot  alxl.  npir-M,  fer- 
rugineiH  ;  clypuo  t-loiigatn,  tlavo-inargiimto,  npiue  obtuse  uiunrgiiiiito,  et 
tlavfl-liitnacnlnto  ;  tliorace  bievl,  dttuHe  piuictato,  poHtufUtHllo  et  iiieta- 
noto  crnHsiua  punctatit),  pctiolo  valde  elongato,  punctato,  temiitttr  snl- 
cato,  puiio  uiudium  siibunarutato;  Mecundo  al)d.  segmuiito  puiiutatissiiiio, 
rugosd,  luargiiie  ttubrtilluxo;  luurgiiie  puHtico  pronoti,  putiuli  ot  Buuuudi 
seguiuuti,  llavid  ;  alia  iufuHcatiH,  apiue  subliyaliuiH.     $  . 

E.jUiformia  Sachs.  Kt.  Vesp.  Ill,  14«,  34,  ?. 

Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wiug,  13  mm. 

Antenna*  long  and  slender.  Thorax  shorter  than  that  of  E. 
canal iciilalutf,  almost  globular,  H(|uarely  cut  before,  densely 
punctured  ;  the  post-seutellum  and  the  metathorax  eribrosc  with 
punctures,  stronger  and  less  serrate,  while  in  the  species  cited 
the  thorax  is  everywhere  velvety  and  finely  punctured.  The  petiole 
is  a  little  longer  than  the  thorax,  very  narrow,  a  little  enlarged 
from  before  backward,  arcuate,  flattened,  irregularly  punctured. 
Its  groove  but  slightly  distinct.  The  second  segment  compressed, 
very  densely  sJiugrecncd,  appearing  rugose  above;  the  punctures 
much  more  dense,  but  not  as  largo  as  on  the  metathorax ;  the 
first  posterior  border  of  this  segment  slightly  turned  up  and  pre- 
ceded by  a  transverse  depression  in  the  middle;  tho  2d  border 
narrow,  profoundly  sunken. 

Var.  The  ornaments  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  abdomen  are 
generally  of  a  sombre  ferruginous  rather  than  yellow,  indistinct; 
the  border  of  the  2d  abdominal  segment  is  sometin;es  yellow, 
sometimes  ferruginous. 

Black,  fulvo-velutinous;  flagellum  of  tho  antennae  beneath,  edge 
of  wing  scales,  knees,  and  margin  of  the  abdominal  segments 
ferruginous;  posterior  margin  of  prothorax  an  J  an  interrupted 
fascia  at  the  extremity  of  the  petiole,  yellow.  Wings  wa.shed 
with  brown  in  the  basilar  half,  subhyaline  at  the  extremity. 

9.  Clypeus  black,  smooth,  lengthened,  narrow  above;  its 
greatest  width  is  in  its  lower  third,  carrying  two  little  bosses  in 
the  middle  (of  its  height),  the  terminal  border  notched  at  a  very 


110 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


obtuse  angle,  and  forming  two  slightly  diverging  salient  or  obtuse 
angles. 

Two  spots  at  the  extremity  of  clypeus,  the  lateral  margins, 
and  the  frontal  carina,  yellow. 

licsn.  a.  diff. — A  very  distinct  species  from  all  the  others  of 
this  Division  by  its  very  punctate  compressed  abdomen,  and  by 
the  much  impressed  edge  of  the  2d  segment,  which  renders  the 
first  edge  very  sharp.  The  other  species  have  this  edge  flat,  so 
that  tie  first  edge  is  hardly  distinguishable. 

Hah.  Brazil.     (Author's  collections  and  Spinola's  at  Turin.) 


Gen.  MOJVTEZUMIA  Sausb. 

Mandibles  very  long,  terminating  in  a  point,  channelled,  and 
forming  by  their  union  a  long  beak.  Lip  and  jaw  very  long; 
labial  palpi  presenting  but  three  articles  and  often  terminated 
by  long  hairs.'     Maxillary  jmlpi  composed  of  five  articles. 

Head  normal ;  generally  dilated  behind  the  eyes,  and  a  little 
concave  behind;  between  the  antenuaj  is  a  little  carina  which 
reaches  the  clypeus.  Chjpeus  9  longer  than  wide,  pyriform 
(that  is,  rounded  at  the  summit,  diminishing  downward)  ;  emar- 
ginoto  and  bidcntate;  %  polygonal,  generally  as  wide  as  long, 
and  terminated  by  a  nearly  straight  border  placed  between  two 
distant  side  teeth. 

Tlwrax  generally  lengthened,  convex  (at  times  wide)  hardly 
retracted  before;  prothorax  very  sharply  truncate;  metathorax 
rounded,  offering  two  convex  faces,  separated  by  a  channel  or  by 
a  cavity,  which  are  not  bordered  by  sharp,  but  rounded,  efl'aced 
edges. 

Abdomen    generally  fusiform ;    the    first    segment    enlarges 


•  Although  the  3d  article  has  a  parabolic  form,  one  sees  very  distinctly 
that  it  is  the  4th  wliich  is  wanting,  for  the  3d  preserves  at  its  extremity 
the  lona  stiff  hairs  which  arm  the  3d  amonjr  the  types  which  have  the 
labial  palpi  composed  of  four  articles  {Norlonia).  Furthermore,  one  often 
discovers  that  the  extremity  of  the  3d  article  is  formed  by  a  rudiment  of 
i\\c  4Ui  article  soldered  upon  it.  This  disposition  becomes  mure  distinct 
among  the  Monobia. 


MONTEZUMIA. 


Ill 


gradually,  is  funnel  like,  pediculate  or  sessile,  at  times  eanipanu- 
late,  but  when  the  pedicle  exists  it  only  oocupie.s  the  anterior 
part  of  the  segment  and  does  not  e<>mpose  the  entire  segment ; 
it  carries  above,  near  the  extremity,  a  longitudinal  groove  or  a 
rounded  excavation. 

Most  of  these  insects  have  an  appearance  very  easy  to  grasp, 
thanks  to  their  fusiform  abdomen  of  which  the  lirst  segment  is 
funnel-shaped.  Their  principal  distinctions  are  found  in  this  form 
of  the  abdomen,  combined  with  the  length  of  the  mandibles  and 
the  reduced  number  of  the  articles  of  the  palpi.  The  mandibles 
are  long  and  form  a  beak  as  with  the  Eumenes,  although  less 
sharp;  in  the  females  these  organs  have  four  teeth  or  lobules; 
in  the  males  the  inner  edge  is  more  entire  or  with  three  notches. 
The  clypeus,  in  general  more  long  than  wide  in  the  females, 
recalls  the  Eumenes  also,  but  its  narrow  extremity  has  a  trian- 
gular notch,  separating  two  triangular  teeth  ;  in  the  males  it 
oll'ors  the  i)oiygonal  form,  a  quite  different  type,  which  by  the 
separation  of  its  terminal  teeth  has  a  sort  of  analogy  to  the 
Zelhus.  The  head  and  body  are  almost  equally  and  always 
strongly  punctured ;  the  abdomen  is  also  wholly  punctured,  but 
less  strongly.  All  the  body  moreover  is  covered  with  a  velvety 
pile  which  often  conceals  the  sculpture.  The  anterior  border  of 
the  prothorax  is  subconcave,  but  the  angles,  although  at  times 
distinct,  are  never  spinose  as  with  certain  Zethus. 

The  form  of  the  abdomen  recalls,  in  the  normal  types,  the  form 
of  Polistes;  it  is  also  fusifc-ni,  the  1st  segment  being  fuiuiel 
shaped,  much  narrower  than  the  second  ;  but  the  first  segment 
being  larger,  and  always  convex  (not  completely  funnel  shaped) 
sufiices  always  to  distinguish  this  genus,  even  though  the  head, 
with  its  long  mandibles  and  clypeus,  should  be  wanting.  Also 
the  strong  puncturing  of  the  thorax  and  the  always  short,  clnibby 
and  wide  metathorax  assist  in  marking  its  differences. 

The  genus  Montezumia  also  includes  several  types  and 
numerous  forms  which  are  slight  marks  of  distinction. 

The  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  often  narrow,  canipanulate 
and  strongly  bossed,  in  such  case  presenting  the  form  which 
appears  in  certain  OJi/nerns,  having  the  pedirulate  al)domcn; 
or,  even  the  thorax  becomes  wide  and  flattened  ;  the  metathorax 


112 


IIVMENOI'TEIIA   OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AKT  I. 


cariiiatc,  and  liunce  we  have  established  separate  divisions  to 
receive  these  types. 

Let  us  add  tliat  tliese  insects  have  wholly  the  appearance  of 
tlie  Nortonia,  and  tliat  one  cannot  distinguish  them  but  by  the 
dissection  of  the  mouth.  If  then  we  separate  these  two  genera, 
it  is  tliat  they  seem  to  us  to  form  a  deviation  from  the  genus 
Odynarus  in  two  different  ways;  the  Nortonia  conducting  to  the 
Eumenes,  and  tlie  Montezumia  forming  rather  a  detached  rami- 
fication whieli  seems  more  to  direct  toward  the  Polistes  or  Zefkus. 

In  fine  the  Montezumia  have  nearly  the  same  buccate  organi- 
zation as  the  Monohia,  and  are  distinguished  from  tliese  insects 
by  their  slender  forms  ;  by  their  abdomen  pediculatc  or  fusiform, 
not  distinctly  sessile;  and  by  the  form  of  the  metathorax,  which 
is  convex,  divided  by  a  groove,  but  not  excavated  as  with  the 
Odynerus,  or  which  always  at  least  offers  two  salient  enlargements 
rather  than  a  posterior  excavated  surface.' 

The  genus  Montezumia  is  almost  exclusively  American,  but 
it  does  not  extend  into  the  cold  latitudes  of  this  continent.  It 
appears  only  in  Mexico,  and  extends  southward  as  far  as  the 
borders  of  Patagonia.  It  has  not  yet  been  met  with  in  the 
United  States.  It  also  appears  to  be  limited  to  the  eastern  face 
of  the  Andes,  at  least  it  has  not  yet  been  found  upon  the  western 
side  of  America. 

The  habits  of  these  insects  remain  to  this  day  entirely  unknown, 
although  the  structure  of  their  mouth  does  not  leave  any  doubt 
tluit  they  lead  a  solitary  life.  Now,  however,  we  may  throw 
some  light  upon  this  question,  thanks  to  the  kindness  of  Mr.  G. 
Claraz,  who  has  been  willing  to  send  us  the  nests  of  Montezumia 
fi'rrwjinea  described  below. 

These  structures  very  much  resemble  the  nests  of  Pelopoeus. 
They  are  of  agglutinated  masses  of  earth,  in  which  one  finds  the 
cells  disposed  in  a  parallel  order,  in  which  the  insect  imprisons 


'  It  is  true  that  certain  Montezumia  liaving  the  pediculate  abdomen 
olTer  a  sort  of  concavity  of  tliis  kind  on  tlie  nietatliorax  (.1/.  Lepiiiirii, 
Ilitastccii)  but  tlie  types  witli  tlie  non-pediculate  abdomen,  which  alone 
could  be  confounded  with  the  Monohia,  have  always  the  metathorax  con- 
vex, dabbed,  and  unarmed.  Constantly  here,  as  elsewhere,  one  finds 
transitory  types,  but  we  have  allowed  that  the  genus  ^fo^lobia  is  not 
entirely  decharacterized  in  the  genus  Montezumia  (see  the  Monohia  egregia 
and  especially  the  Monohia  variabilis'). 


MONTEZUMIA. 


113 


its  prey  with  the  ejrgs  which  she  has  deposited  in  it.  Eadi  one 
of  these  hnnps  contains  about  ten  of  the  cells.  Unfortunately  we 
could  not  discover  what  composes  the  prey  of  the  insect  which 
constructs  these,  the  little  colls  being  found  occupied  by  the 
nyniphes  already  quite  prepared  to  hatch  or  even  by  insects 
already  hatched. 

This  observation  becomes  exceedingly  interesting  by  reveal- 
ing among  the  solitaiy  wasps  a  different  mode  of  nidification 
which  is  allied  to  that  which  one  knows  among  other  genera  and 
which  recalls  the  architecture  of  the  Sphegidcs.  So  we  know 
that  the  Eiimenes  establish  for  their  offspring  separate  and  dis- 
tinct cells  likewise  formed  of  earth;  the  Zelhus  build  their  nests 
composed  of  aggregated  cellules,  established  commonly  in  vege- 
table matters  and  fixed  upon  little  branches  of  trees  The  Ody- 
neriis  nidify  in  holes  in  walls,  in  the  stems  of  plants,  etc.  The 
Montezitmia,  finally,  construct  their  houses  of  many  rooms,  a  little 
like  those  of  Zethus,  but  very  much  more  massively  built  of  earth 
and  stuck  against  walls  or  rocks  as  are  those  of  the  Sphegides 
and  some  of  the  mason  bees. 

Division  ANTEZUMIA. 

Head  flattened  before  (Euraenoide).  Abdomen  pediculate; 
the  petiole  composed  of  the  first  segment,  of  which  the  first 
moiety  (or  the  base  only)  is  linear;  the  second  moiety  being  cani- 
panular,  not  receiving  the  2d  segment.  (Appearance  nearly  like 
some  Pachymenes). 

a.  thai  very  flat ;  cly pens  entire;  abdomen  but  little  pediculate. 

1.  M,  chalybea  Sauss. 

Monlezumia  chalybea  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  161,  49 ;  pi.  ix,  fig.  2,  9  • 

Hab.  Brazil. 


6.  Head  less  flat;  clypeus  truncate  or  notched;  abdomen  more  lengthened 

pediculate. 

'2.  M.  petiolata  Sauss. 

Montezumia  petiolata  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  161,  50;  pi.  ix,  fig.  1,  9* 

Hab.  Brazil. 
8 


114 


IIY.MENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA, 


[part  I. 


c.  Head  less  flat ;  clijjieus  truncate  or  notched;  petiole  rather  flattened 

triangular. 

3,  M.  briinea  Sauss. — Velutino-sericea,  punctata;  clypeo  punctato, 
iiiarginu  apicali  late  truncato,  biangulato  ;  tliorace  valde  velutiiio,  baud 
compresso;  metanoto  brevi,  striato,  auino-sericeo ;  1^  abd.  segmento 
petiolari,  coiupaiiulato,  apiue  sulco  partito;  capite  et  anteiniis  iiigris; 
liis  siibtus  ferrugiiu'is  ;  thorace  et  petiolo  lUlis;  proiioti  margiiie  postico, 
tegulis,  postscutelli  tnauulis  2  petiolique  linea  inarginali,  flavescentibus  ; 
pronoto,  tliorace  .«ubtus  et  petiolo  ante  marginem  frequenter  fuscis ; 
abdoniine  fusco-olivaceo  ;  pedibiis  rnfis  ;  alia  infumatis,  costa  fusca. 

Varidt,  Secuudo  segmento  ferrugineo-limbato. 

^  .  Clypeo  lato,  sericeo. 

Pachymenes  Irunnea  Sadss.  Vesp.  I,  76,  4 ;  pi.  xii,  fig.  6  (1852). 
Total  length,  IG  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 

This  species  has  rather  the  appearance  of  an  Eumenes,  because 
of  its  narrow  1st  abdominal  segment,  campanulate  as  in  Pachy- 
menes,  but  quite  flattened,  and  not  bordered  at  end. 

The  clypeus  %  is  polygonal,  as  wide  as  long,  broadly  truncate; 
its  inferior  margin  having  a  tooth  on  each  side;  it  is  black,  silky, 
with  the  inferior  part  yellow. 

The  body  is  velutinous  ;  the  thorax  very  much  so,  rufo-ferru- 
ginous  with  golden  reflections;  anteriorly  blackish  ;  the  petiole, 
broadly  club-shaped,  parted  l)y  a  groove,  is  ferruginous,  with  the 
extremity  blackish,  and  the  hind  margin  finely  bordered  with 
yellow.  The  rest  of  the  abdomen  brown-olive,  with  golden 
reflections.     The  feet  of  the  color  of  the  thorax. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — It  has  much  the  livery  of  M.  wfernalis,  but  is 
very  din'crent  by  the  petiolar  form  of  the  1st  segment  of  the  abdo- 
men, and  by  its  shorter  thorax. 

Hab.  Cayenne.     Venezuela. 

Observation. — L.  c.  I  have  mentioned  that  the  2d  cubital 
cell  of  the  wing  is  triangular  in  9,  but  this  seems  to  be  a  mere 
accident;  it  is  not  so  iu  S. 


Division  METAZUMIA. 

Head  more  or  less  dilated ;  metathorax  convex  at  summit,  a 
little  prolonged  and  presenting  a  distinct  fossette,  but  unarmed. 
Abdomen  pyriform,  but  the  fir.st  segment  retracted,  subpediculate 
at   the  base,  then   suddenly  campanulate;   dilated   nodulously 


MONTEZUMIA. 


115 


above  by  the  meeting  of  the  anterior  and  superior  faces  of  the 
segment.  The  second  segment  widening  toward  its  base  in  an 
ovoid  form. 

The  insects  of  this  division  have  somewhat  the  appearance  of 
DhicoeliuH,  on  account  of  the  form  of  their  abdomen,  but  the 
lal)ial  palpi  are  distinctly  composed  of  three  articles  only  and  the 
maxillary  of  five. 


4.  W.  Huasteca  Sadss.  (Fig.  9  "S,  9a  90 — Nigra,  nitida,  dense 
punctata;  proiioto  cristato-marginato;  metauoto  et  abdom.  1°  seguieuto 
gi'osse  criliratis  ;  mesouuto  et  abdom.  2^^  segiueuto  teiiuiter  punctatis  ; 
clypeo  longiore  quam  latiore,  bidentato  striato-puuctato ;  metanoto 
rotundato,  in  uieilio  excavato,  foveola  striata,  hand  acute  margiuata 
iustructo;  abd.  prinio  segmento  angusto,  campanulato,  supra  nodoso 
inflate;  scutelli  et  postseutdii  fascia  interrupta,  abdominisque  seg- 
meuti  l'-2'  (quandoque  3')  margine,  fulvis  ;  alia  Lyaliuis  costa  nigra ; 
autennaruni  flagello  subtus  ferrugiueo. 

%  .  Clypeo  flavo,  anteunis  uuciuatis. 

Montezumia  huasteca  Saoss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  1857,  271. 
Total  length,  16  mm.;  wing,  13  ram. 

Appearance  of  a  Discoelius;  clypeus  more  long  than  wide, 
bidentate;  the  teeth  distant,  separated  by  a  straight  or  concave 
margin  ;  ocelli  large,  approaching  ;  a  deep  groove  on  the  vertex. 
Prothorax  strongly  rimmed,  angulate;  scutels  flattened,  divided 
by  a  feeljle  line,  separated  by  a  strong  sulcus.  Metathorax 
forming  two  convex  cheeks  behind  the  post-scutel,  but  its  poste- 
rior face  occupied  by  an  almost  round  fossette,  regularly  exca- 
vated, shining  and  striate,  slightly  punctured,  garnished  with  a 
gray  pile,  bat  without  decided  border  or  limiting  marks.  Lateral 
ridges  effaced.  First  segment  having  its  anterior  fourth  pedicu- 
late  in  form  and  the  remainder  campanulate,  quadrate,  nodulously 
swelled  above ;  (seen  in  profile  this  segment  has  the  appearance 
of  carrying  a  great  tubercle,  which  results  from  the  meeting  of 
the  superior  with  the  anterior  face  at  a  right  angle):  this  segment 
less  than  half  the  width  of  the  second  and  offering  above  a 
depressed  point ;  second  segment  rounded,  depressed,  flat 
beneath,  convex  above,  enlarging  gradually.  Head,  thorax,  and 
petiole  densely  punctured ;  the  prominences  of  the  metathorax 
and  the  first  abdominal  segment  cribrose  with  large  punctures; 
the  mesothorax  not  strongly  punctured  ;    the  head  punctured. 


116 


HYMKNOPTEUA    OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


even  striate  before ;  the  second  and  the  foUowin*^  abdominal  seg- 
ments densely  and  finely  pnnetured. 

Insect  of  a  shining  blactk ;  antennas  black,  the  flagellum  ferru- 
ginous beneath,  botli  scutels  ornamented  with  a  band  or  with  two 
obscure  yellow  points.  The  iwo,  o'ten  the  three,  first  segments 
of  the  a'^domeu,  equally  bordered  with  a  submarginal  edging  of 
the  same  color;  that  of  the  first  segment  continuing  itself  upon 
the  sides.  Legs  black.  Wings  transparent,  with  the  anterior 
edge  blackish. 

9.  Clypeus  black  or  more  or  less  tawny  or  yellow. 

Var.  End  of  the  abdomen  slightly  ferruginous ;  often  two 
tawny  dots  at  the  summit  of  the  pro-  and  of  the  metathorax. 

%.  Clypeus  yellow,  a  little  n  .gined  with  black,  strongly  bi- 
dentate ;  the  teeth  sharp,  separated  by  a  notch  on  the  arc  of  a 
circle.  Hook  of  the  antennaj  pointed,  black  or  ferruginous.  Xo 
groove  on  the  vortex. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  some  resemblance  to  the  M. 
sepulchralis  Sauss.  Its  form  is  quite  like  that  of  31.  Leprieuri; 
one  might  be  inclined  to  take  it  for  a  black  variety  of  this  species, 
but  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax  is  less  strongly  and  the  metatho- 
rax less  densely  punctured  in  Huasteca  than  in  Leprieuri. 

Hah.  The  Gulf  side  of  Mexico.  I  caught  several  9  %  near 
Tampico ;  some  others  have  been  taken  near  Orizaba. 

In  this  species  the  third  joint  of  the  labial  palpi  is  almost  as 
long  as  the  second  and  the  form  distinctly  parabolic-pointed; 
this  article  is  very  abruptly  terminated  and  has  no  appendix. 
The  maxillary  paljn  have  their  first  article  dilated  ;  the  two  fol- 
lowing slender  and  long,  the  others  smaller  and  smaller. 


5.  mr.  L>eprieurii  Spin. — Nigra;  capite,  thorace  abdominisqne  primo 
segtutiuto,  valde  cribratis ;  abdomiue  de  reliquo  tenuiter  punctato; 
olypeo  elongate,  bidentato,  scutellis,  metanoto,  abdominia  primi  seg- 
meiiti  limbo,  aurantiacis  ;  alis  subinfuscatis,  costa  nigra. 

^ .  Clypeo,  anrantio;  supra  et  lateraliter  nigro-margiuato ;  pronoti  mar- 
gine  postico  ot  macula  in  basi  mesonoti  disci,  aurantiis. 

Van'rff  autennis  snbtus  ferrngineis  ;  secundo  abdominis  segmento,  flavo- 
limbato;  reliquis  margine  piceo.     Longit,  0.015. 

Odynerus  Leprieurii  Spinola,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  X  (1841),  127,  78. 
Monteztania  pelngica  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  93,  11,  pi.  xii,  fig.  10,  J  (1852). 
Montezumia  Leprieurii  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  160. 

Hab.  Brazil.     Cayenne. 


MONTEZUMIA. 


117 


ObKcrvation. — Tlie  spcciinoii  tlescribcd  by  Spinola  lias  the 
wings  faclt'tl,  ferr-igiuous. 

Division  MONTEZUMIA  (propr.  diet.)- 

TTcad  dilated.  Clypciis  truncate  or  bidentato.  Metathorax 
offering  two  convex  clieel<s,  unarmed,  separated  by  a  furrow. 
Abdomen  fusiform;  tiie  lirst  segment  funnel-shaped,  but  enlaiged 
above,  capable  of  retracting  more  or  less  of  the  following  one. 

In  this  division  the  forms  are  rounder ;  the  first  segment  is 
less  enlarged  above,  it  docs  not  present  a  superior  and  anterior 
face;  it  becomes  more  funnel-sh.ape.l  and  wider,  wl.ich  gives  to 
these  insects  the  appearance  of  J^olides  with  which  they  have 
often  been  confounded. 


1.  Abdomen  pcdiculate.     The  first  moiety  of  the  first  segment 

linear. 

Division  ALPHA. 
(Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  88;  III,  ICO.) 

6.  HI.  COerulea  Sacss.  9 . — Valida,  uigro-roerulea ;  abdomine  cooruleo, 
clypeo  pirifornii,  puuctato,  apice  subemargiuaio,  subbidentato  ;  capita 
et  thorace  densissiine  granulato-punctatiri,  fulvo-biitis ;  mctanoti 
sulco  striate;  proiiotn  angulato,  cristato-marginato ;  abdoniiiio  fusifoimi ; 
tenuiter  dense-r-unctato,  priino  R«gm«nto  ba.-ii  petiolato,  in  primo  diini- 
dio  lineari,  dein  infundibuliformi,  in  medio  subbidentato,  supra  sulco 
profundo  punctifornii  canaliculato ;  pedibus  forrugiuco-sericeis ;  antennis 
subtus  ferrugineis  ;  alis  nigro-cyaneis.     Longit,  0.023, 

Variut.  clypei  inargine,  tarsorum  artioulo  ultimo,  scutelli  fascia,  rufis. 

%  .  Clypeo  truucalo  ;  antennis  ferrugineis  uncinatis. 

Monlezuniia  carulea  Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  90,  5  ;  pi.  xii,  fig.  8,  $  (1852); 

III,  IGO. 
M.  ruhritarsis  Sadss.  ibid.  I,  00,  4. 

M.  rufipM  Sauss.  ibid,  I,  89,  3  ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  1,  9  (1852) ;  III,  IGO. 
Odynerus  arurescens  Spinol,  Mem.  Acad.  Turin,  xiii,  1853,  82,  (32,  J . 

llab.  Brazil,     Para.     Rio  Janeiro.     Guyana.     Cayenne. 

Tf.  M.  azureipennis  Sadss. — 31.  ccerulete  simillima,  at  abdomine 
nigro ;  primo  segmento  sulco  parum  profundo  et  utrinque  liuca  augu- 
lata  flava  instructo ;  alls  nigro-coeruleis. 

%.  Clypeo  rubro,  truncate,  subbidentato,  antennis  uncinatis. 


118 


IIY.MKNOI'TKIIA    OF    AMKUICA. 


[part  I. 


Varint  ore,  tarsis  apitu,  scutellorHtn  fasciis,  rnfls. 

Montezumia  tiznniijiennis  SAn88.  Vespides,  I,  89,  2  (1852)  ;  III,  IGO. 
Monlezumia  rufidentata  Sa0ss.  Vespides,  I,  88,  1  (1852). 

This  insect  is  most  likely  a  mere  variety  of  M.  co'rulea. 
Hah.  Brazil.     Mexico. 

In  this  section  one  might  nearly  place  also  M.  Ghilianii,  and  M. 
azteca.     (See  below,  No.  16  and  18.) 

2.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  subsessile. 

Dirision  BETA. 
(Sapss.  Vespides,  I,  90;  III,  1G2.) 

A.  Tliorax  moderately  lengthened,  first  abdominal  scgmc7it 
funnel-shaped,  convex,  divided  by  a  feeble  groove,  vertex 
somewhat  swollen. 

a.  Wings  transparent  or  ferruginous. 

§.  Iff.  nigriceps  Spin. — Niger;  abdominis  1°  segmento  infandibnli- 
formi,  brevissime  petiolato,  latitndine  ^  seeuudi ;  mandibulirf  ferrugiueis ; 
thorace  et  pedibas  rufis;  illo  paiilo  nigro-vario;  post-soiitelio  flavo- 
binotato;  abdominis  priiuo  segmento  basi  rufo,  auguste  llayo-limI>ato  ; 
alls  hyalinis,  venis  testaceis. 

%  ,  Clypeo  polygonale,  albido,  margine  antico  truncato,  integro ;  anteuuis 
apice  uuciDo  obtnso  testaceo  instructis.     Long.  5-<J  liu. 

Eumenes?  nigriceps  Spinola,  Ins.  rec.  h  Cayenne  par  Leprieiir,  Ann.  Ent. 

Fr.  X,  1841,128,79,  %. 
Montezumia  nigriceps  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  102,  51. 

Hab.  Cayenne. 


9.  M.  infunditiuliforniis  Fabr. — Gracilis,  clypeo  piriformi,  trnn- 
cato,  punctato-striato ;  corpore  punctato  ;  pronoto  marginato,  angulato; 
mesonoto  nitido,  sparse  punctato ;  metanoto  dense  punctato,  velutino, 
hirto,  in  medio  tantura  canaliculato;  capite,  thorace  et  pedibus  nigris, 
toraento  aureo  rariore  sericeis  ;  abdomine  ferrugineo,  vel  badio ;  primo 
segmento  infundibuliformi,  fasciis  2  nigris  et  ntrinqiie  dente  laterali 
instructo;  segmentis  3-5  punctatis;  tarsis  apice  rnfis ;  mandibnlis 
ferrugineo-variis ;  antennis  subtus  obscure  ferrugineis  ;  alis  byalinis, 
venis  nigris. 

I  ar.  Segmentis  1°,  2°  limbo  flavescente ;  tarsis  et  tibiis  fuscescentibus. 
LoQgit,  18  mm. 


montkzi;mia. 


119 


9 .  Clypeo  apico  truncate  vel  suboirarginato,  iufero  ferrugineo  vel  albido 
luari^inato. 

^  .  Clypeo  truncate,  frequenttir  albido-marginato. 

Euminps  itifnuiUbuUformis  Vmw..  Syst.  Piez,  288,  14  (1804). 
Muntiznmia  illmidiala  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  91,  13  (1852) ;  (Syn.  Olivieri 
tixcluM),  ibid.  Ill,  lUO. 

Hah.  JJnizil.     (Author's  collection.) 

This  spt'cios  has  a  remarkable  resemblance  to  Polyhfa  because 
of  its  hyaline  wings.  It  must  not  be  coulbunded  with  Folijbia 
dimidiata  01.,  or  Folidea  hicolor  Sss. 

10.  M.  Cortesiana  Sacss.— Carbonaria,  velutina,  nigro-fulvo  liirta, 
purpureo-.sericea;  clypeo  punctate,  apice  truncate,  .subexciso;  capite 
densiHsiiiie  punctate ;  pronoto,  post-scutello  et  metanoto  densissiine 
grosst)  punctati.s ;  niesonoti  disce  et  scutf lie  .sparse,  abdouiine  tenuiter, 
punctatis  ;  prouote  angulato,  cristato-margiuato  ;  abdominis  prime  seg- 
inento  elongato-campanHlari,  supra  suico  foveolato;  tnrsis  anticis  apice, 
clypoi  marginibus  lateralibus  et  mandibularum  margine  interne,  rufis ; 
antennirt  ferrugineis,  basi  nigris  ;  alis  pallide  flavo-giiseis,  veuis  anticis 
fusco-ferrugiueis.     J  .    Longii,  0.020  m. 

Montezumia  Cortesia  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  92, 10,  J  ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  2,  9  (1852). 
Ilab.  Mexico.    (Typus  in  auetoris  niuseo.) 

11.  HI.  i^epulchralis  Sauss.     % .— Prrccedentis  statura  et  facie,  illi 
simillima ;    clypeo  et  mandibulis  nigri.s,  vel  clypeo  utrinque  puncto 
rufo;  prime  segmento  obscure  ferrugineo-limbato ;  alis  ferrugineis. 
(Anne  praecedentis  varietas?.) 

Montezumia  sepulchralis  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  1G3,  54  (1854). 
Montezumia  mortuorum  Sauss.  Veopides,  III,  104,  55  (1854). 

Hah.  South  America. 

12.  HI.  analis  Sausb. 

Montezumia  analis  Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  163,  53. 

Hah.  South  America. 


6.  ^Yings  obscure,  smoky,  fuscous  or  black, 

*  Body  more  or  less  fe.rruginoua. 

13.  91.  Spinolee  Sauss. — Sat  gracilis,  omnino  velutina;  capite  et 
tliorace  dense  punctatis ;  roetatliorace  crassissime  rugato,  late  plane 
foveolato ;   scutellis  couvexis,   sulco   longitudiuali   divisis ;    antennis, 


120 


IIYMKNOI'TEUA   OF    AMKIUCA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


capite,  iiifPonoto.  aluloiiiiiiirt  aegineiitis  20-7^^,  iiigris;  ptnlibHr*,  proiioto, 
suutfllis  tt'gulis  Ht  pleiiris,  iii»)tiiiioto  ot  abdoniiuia  1<3  aegtueiitn,  rutl.4, 
aiireo-velutiiiid ;  frtnjiienttir  pronoti  luargiim  posMco,  tHgulia  partiin, 
metaiioti  iimculis  2  c-t  uanthiri,  primiiiue  Mugmeiiti  luargiue,  flavis  ;  alin 
fusco-violasoentiliurt,  conta  nigra,  apic«  palliiUoro. 

^.  Clypeo  puiictulato  polygonal!,  fere  latiore  quam  lonpioro,  late  exoUo; 
nmuula  gunariiin  llava;  antennarum  uuciuo  et  scapo  Hubtuii,  ferruginei:i. 

Viiridt,  a.  Clypeo  llav(>-niaculato. 

/).  Alidoniinu  oiuninu  nigruscentt*,  apice  fure  ferrugineo. 

c.  Mesonoti  diaco  fcrrugiuoo-bilinoato ;  l*^  abd.  segmeuto  fascia  llava 
iuternipta. 

Moiitezumia   Splnolir  Saoss.  Et.  Vesp.  I,  93,  12;  pi.  xii,  fig.  9,  9  var. 

(18r)2). 
Odynerus  in/nrnalis  Hpinola,  MC-m.  Acad.  Turin,  XIII,  1>^53,  84,  64,  ^. 
Montezumia  vifenmlia  SAUfS.  Kt.  Vespidea,  III,  1<!2,  52. 

Total  length,  lG-18  inm.  ;  wiug,  14-1.')  mm, 

Stronj^ly  and  densely  punctured.  Front  a  little  channelled 
transversely  above  the  anteniiuj,  vertex  a  little  swelled  behind  in 
a  transverse  pad.  Prothorax  anfjulate,  truncate  before,  following 
a  slightly  concave  trenchant  line.  Clypeus  and  post-scutel 
divided  by  a  groove.  Metathorax  short,  vertically  wide,  rugose, 
punctured  and  velvety  ;  its  concavity  almost  in  the  form  of  an 
angle,  plane,  a  little  bordered  at  summit.  First  abdominal  seg- 
ment canipanular  subsessilo,  finely  ])unctured,  with  a  groove 
above  toward  the  extremity.  The  2d  .segment  notably  more 
enlarged,  with  scarce  punctures  clothed  with  a  velvety  pile,  as  if 
striolate.     The  other  segments  densely  and  finely  punctured. 

Black;  labrum  very  long,  ferruginous;  a  littlo  yellow  line  bor- 
dering the  eyes  below  and  another  upon  the  scape  of  tlic  antenna;, 
%.  Thorax  of  a  velvety  ferruginous;  disk  of  the  raesothorax 
black  ;  prothorax  and  flanks  brownish,  with  the  borders  of  the 
first  and  some  spots  on  the  second  reddish  ;  wing  scales  spotted 
with  yellow;  post-scutel  adorned  with  a  yellow  line;  metathorax 
having  some  silky  golden-yellow  reflections  and  two  yellow  spots 
upon  the  summit.  First  segment  red,  with  a  yellow  border. 
Legs  ferruginous,  with  golden  reflections.  "Wings  of  a  black 
violaceous,  with  the  extremity  more  pale.     (Surinam.) 

The  color  of  the  thorax  varies  very  much,  from  ferruginous  to 
obscure  brownish.  The  border  of  prothorax  and  the  sides  of  the 
thorax  under  the  wing,  ornamented  with  yellow. 


MONTEZUMIA. 


1-21 


%.  Clypciis  nitluT  convex  ut  tlie  top,  llatti'iMMl  Itclow,  termi- 
nated by  two  (lisliiiit  teeth,  separated  l»y  a  slraijjclit  l)onler;  its 
color  obscure  like  tliat  of  the  Load,  or  having  in  its  interior  part 
a  yellow  mark  or  triangle. 

I'ar.  a.   Clypeus  and  Hnteiinie  entirely  l)Ia('k,  witlumt  yellt)\v. 

b.  Thorax  entirely  ferruginous  except  the  disk  of  the  mesono- 
tum,  wiiich  is  blackish. 

('.   The  first  begmeiit  of  abdomen  blackish  (S}>inolir,  Sss.). 

(/.  The  tirst  segment  ferruginous,  margined  with  yellowish;  the 
yellow  fascia  preceded  by  a  fuscous  stain. 

JicsH.  a.  (liff.  —  I  have  joined  M.  iiij'cnialia  to  BpinoUc,  for  it 
is  very  likely  to  be  the  same  species.  These  velvety,  partly 
ferruginous  insect.s  are  so  variable  that  only  the  examination  of 
numerous  .specimens  can  settle  the  entomologist  a.s  to  the  value 
of  the  species.  Compare  this  species  with  M.  Ghilianii,  Mexivana, 
and  ferrwjinea. 

Hub.  Brazil,  Para;  Surinam.  (Type  of  Spinola  in  Turin 
museum;  the  author's  type  in  his  own  collection.) 

Obncrvalion The   name    M.   infernalis   was   given   liy   my 

excellent  friend  Marcpiis  Max.  Spinola  Ix.'fore  I  gave  the  species 
the  name  of  Spinola',  but  the  manuscrii)t  of  Spinola  having  taken 
a  l(»ng  time  to  print,  the  name  Spinolae  was  published  first,  so 
that  1  was  obliged  to  preserve  it. 


14.  IW.  Ghilianii  n.  sp. — Velntina,  nigresce^s  vel  fu3ca;  metanoto, 
scutellis,  peilibus  et  abdoiuiuis  prinio  sfgiueiito,  rufis  ;  hoc  flavo-m.irgi- 
nato;  thorace  lato  ;  abiloniiuis  primo  segiuento  depresso,  subpetiolato. 

Total  length,  18  mm. ;  wing,  15  mm. 

Size  and  livery  as  in  31.  Spinal fe,  but  the  thorax  much  wider, 
dilated,  and  the  j)rothorax  not  quite  so  angular.  The  scutel  and 
post-scutel  not  parted  by  a  longitudinal  groove,  but  rather  by  a 
sort  of  indication  of  a  carina.  The  metathorax  shorter  than  in 
the  said  species,  less  chubby,  more  angular.  The  first  abdo- 
minal segment  a  little  more  petiolate;  its  dilatation  shorter, 
depressed,  not  so  convex,  bell-shaped. 

Body  quite  velvety,  covered  with  golden  hair.  Head  black; 
antcnnte  ferruginous  beneath.  Thorax  black;  hind  nmrgins  of 
prothorax  bordered  by  a  rufous  line ;  tegulaj,  scutels,  metathorax, 
legs,  and  various  spots  under  the  wings  rufo-ferruginous.     Abdo- 


139 


IIYMKNOI'TKUA    OK    AMERICA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


int'll  liliifki.sli ;  tlu!  first  si'j,nu('iit  rufoun,  margiiicd  with  yellow  uiid 
bhu'ki.sii  Ijc'lbre  tho  yellow  iuiiid.  AViiigH  brownish,  dark  along 
tlio  cost  a. 

%.  ClypiMis  black,  tcrininated  by  two  distant  tcoth  us  iu  tho 
other  H))ccies. 

Ht'SH.  a.  ill//'. — This  certainly  very  variable  species  h  quite 
wimilar  to  M.  Sjuiiuln:  in  its  size  and  livery,  l)ut  the  thorax  is  not 
so  slender,  tiio  head  is  more  inllated,  the  1st  sej^nient  more  Ihit- 
teiu'd.  It  lias  nearly  the  /^ca'.s  of  a  J'lir/njinrni'fi  because  of  tho 
exceptionally  depressed  form  of  this  segment,  which  forms  nearly 
a  canipannlar  petiole. 

Ilnb.  JJrazil. 

I  have  described  the  specimen  in  th(!  Turin  museum;  it  is  also 
a  species  of  the  rich  collection  of  Spinola. 


15.  M.  IVIp.Yicaiia  HAiTfiR.  (Kig.  11.) — Obscure  fcrmgiiiea  ;  nlis  dilute 
fiiseis  ;  oapite  et  tlioiaee  viilde  iiiinotatirt  ;  riypeo  bidentiito ;  pronoto 
liaud  aiigulat(»  scut<illiH  huIco  iiarlitis  ;  post-Hcutello  caiiiiato-oieiiiiluto, 
tlavo;  iiietaiioto  rugoso,  per  pulcuin  vtil  foveolaiii  hautl  Tuarginatam 
diviso;  abdoniiiiu  Heriueo;  priiuo  segiiKiuto  iiifuiidibulifnnui,  apioem 
versus  Hnea  iiiiprcssa  notato;  alis  infiiscatis,  tyauesoeutibua.     J. 

Variut.  Ouinino  ferrugima,  alls  fusoesceiiUbus. 

Mvntezumia  Mexicinin  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  94,  14  (1852). 
Total  leugth,  20  mui. ;  wiug,  15  mm. 

9.  Insect  slender.  Head  and  thorax  densely  cribroso,  sha- 
greencd,  rugose.  Clypeus  pyriform,  convex,  strongly  punctured, 
terminated  by  two  little  subcontiguous  teeth.  Jbtwccn  tho 
auteniiio  is  a  little  carina  in  form  of  a  T.  Thorax  lengthened ; 
prothorax  slightly  retracted  anteriorly,  very  finely  rimmed,  not 
angulate.  Scutdlum  and  post-scntel  divided  by  a  longitudinal 
groove;  the  post-scutCl  separated  from  the  scutellum  by  a  deej) 
furrow  and  forming  a  ridge,  transverse,  crenulate,  divided  by  tho 
medial  groove.  Metathorax  oflering  two  convex  cheeks  much 
more  rugose  than  the  renminder  of  the  thorax,  divided  by  a  striate 
fossctto,  which  has  no  distinct  margin;  the  lateral  ridges  effaced 
by  the  rugosities.  Abdomen  smooth,  shining,  sericeous,  or  vel- 
vety ;  the  first  segment  at  the  base  subsessile,  then  funnel-shaped, 
convcrx,  luiving  a  lengthened  depression  above;  the  second  seg- 
ment ni«)derately  larger  than  the  first,  its  border  a  little  upturned. 
The  abdomen  finely  punctured  beneath  its  velvety  pile. 


MuNTKZr.MIA. 


123 


Insect  fiTiMipinons.  TIic  tlinriix  often  variccl  with  I)lurk  in  tlio 
siitnro.s  ami  upon  tiio  niopotliorax.  Anlciina!  riTi'iiginoiis,  willi 
the  lla^elinni  hiackisli  altovc,  iH-yoiid  tlic;  tiiinl  arliclu  ;  post-scutel 
oranp" ;  (probably  often  also  tlic  winjf  Hcalo,  ihu  posterior  border 
of  tliu  prothorax  and  that  <jf  thu  first  two  ubdoiuiiial  segments 
sonietiines  of  the  same  coUjr;  the  yellow  border  of  the  lirst  seg- 
ment, when  it  exists,  i.s  often  iiiterrnpt<'d.)  I-ejrs  ferrnjrinous ; 
\vin;j:s  brown,  slij^htly  darkened,  with  violet  and  j^olilen  relleelioiis. 

Var.  The  thorax  is  sometimes  less  lon>?tlieried  than  in  the  type. 

Itcitx.  a.  (lijf.  —  r  think  this  sjn'cies  nearly  related  to  M.  ferru' 
ginra  Sanss.,  which  does  not  appear  to  hiivo  violet  winpfs.  It  is 
near  to  Mixu'ana,  but  the  abdojucii  of  this  last  is  a  little  pedi- 
culate  and  the  head  more  swollen.  It  is  also  closely  related  to 
M.  SpinoUv,  but  it  dilVers  from  it  by  its  thorax  without  angles, 
with  little  nnirgin,  by  its  metulhorax  slightly  attenuate,  less 
trnncato  vertically,  less  excavated,  more  roui'ded,  less  (piadrate. 
It  is  very  similar  also  to  M.  in/i-nialiit  Sp.,  with  which  I  cannot 
com])aro  it,  the  sexes  not  being  the  same  in  the  two  types;  the 
metathorax  is  more  rugose  in  Jli'.ricanu  J,  and  noi  so  excavated. 
It  resend)lcs  also  the  Nortonia  lolfeva,  but  is  i)crfectly  distinct 
from  it  by  its  lengthened  thorax,  as  high  as  wiile  and  not 
depressed  and  widened;  by  its  violet  wings,  by  its  strongly 
divided  scutels,  by  its  crenulnte  post-scutel,  etc 

JIah.  The  galf  side  of  Mexico.  I  have  found  a  female  near 
Ttvmpico. 

16.  Iff.  fcrrilginea  Sausa. — Oracillima,  femiginpn  dense  punctata, 
sul)Velutina  ;  cajiite  pone  oiruhw  jn-oduuto;  paulo  altiore  qnani  latioie  ; 
thorace  valiie  eIoni;ato,  conipresso,  angusto,  iiiHtaiioto  postite  j)ioilacto, 
suluo  profniiilo  diviso ;  atidoiiiinH  gracili;  piinio  segiiiento  elonk;ato, 
depreBso;  suluo  valde  inipresso  partito ;  anteiniarum  llagello  Kuperne 
vi'l  oiunino  iiigro  ;  clypeo  ct  capitB  tlavis,  vcrtiuH  ferrucineo-notato; 
alxloininis  segtiientoi-uii'i  niar^inibiis  lituris  suhintenuptis  tlavis  ornatis ; 
atis  infnscatis  puipureu-nitentibas,  eosta,  prsecipue  iu  apiuu,  I'errugiuea. 
Lon^it,  1!)  mill. 

9.  Clypeo  pirifornii,  apice  l)i.«pinoso  ;  niandiliulis  crennlatis. 

Varial,  Omniuo  ferruginea,  seu  pedibus  flavo-variis,  vel  thoracis  suturis 
uigris. 

Montezumia  ferruginea  Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  91,  7  (1852). 

Hah.  South  America.    Uruguay.    La  Plata.    Patagonia  1  9. 
(G.  Claraz.) 


124 


IIVMEXUl'TERA    OF    AMKttlCA. 


[I'ART  I. 


Tliis  is  a  distiiiot  species,  rcniarkiiljlo  by  its  slender  body.  Its 
nldificatiou  1ms  been  indicated  belure  iu  the  description  of  the 
genus. 

**  Body  quite  black. 

m,  M,  niorosa  Badrs. — Nigro-cinerea ;  capite  et  thorace  dense  punc- 
t;ui:i ;  prouoto  tenuitHr  luarginato  ;  scutelli  parte  postiiwi  et  po.st-.scuiello 
sulou  partitis ;  uietanoto  haud  atteiiuato,  valde  exuavato,  argeuteu-hirto, 
utriiujue  coiivexo,  lugato;  aliduuiiiie  ileiiHu  puiiutulatu,  uiiiereu  seri- 
caiite  ;  pedilnis  auticis  paitiiii,  uiaiidibuliri,clj'peo  aiileiiiianiuiquu  suapo 
Hubtus  obsuure  ferrngiiiei:^ ;  alia  fu^jco-violaueid  uosta  obscuriore.  Long., 
18-22  mm. 

J.  Clypeo  late  pirifoimi,  apiue  dentulis  2  invicom  propiuquis  iustruuto. 

%.  Clypeo  brevidie,  longitudine  latitiuliiii  subiequali,  late  emarginato 
deutibus  2  iuvicem  distantibus  instriicto;  autenuarum  uuciuu  rufo. 

Montezumia  morosa  Sauss.  Vespide.s,  I,  ilO,  (i  (1852). 

Tliiri  .species  is  characterized  by  its  black  body,  with  gray-silky 
changes,  but  without  violet-green  ivdections.  The  wings  are 
more  or  less  obscure,  with  more  or  less  of  violet  changes.  The 
metathorax  is  rather  broad,  not  attenuated;  the  prothorax  not 
much  angulated.  The  altdonien  is  subsessile,  the  lirst  segment 
bell-shaped  with  a  little  groove  on  its  superior  side. 

A  male  specimen  from  Mexico,  which  I  cannot  separate  from 
this  species,  has  the  thorax  a  little  larger  than  the  specimens 
from  South  America. 

The  inner  edge  of  the  mandibles  of  the  male  is  not  lobed  nor 
indented,  but  only  a  little  unequal. 

JJab.  The  eastern  part  of  8outh  America.  Brazil.  Guyana. 
Mexico.  (I  caught  a  male  on  the  eastern  coast  of  the  gulf;  ucar 
San-Andres-Tuxtla.) 


18.   HI.  Mai'tliae  n,  pp. — Nigra;   post-scutello,  metathoracc  abdonii- 
nisque  1^  segmeuto  basi  Hulfureis;  ali.s  fuso-violascentibiis.     J  . 

Total  length,  17  mm.  ;  wing,  15  mm. 

9.  Head  and  thorax  mnch  as  in  jif.  mo7'om.  Clypeus  covered 
with  longitudinal  punctures;  its  inferior  end  formed  by  two  little 
teeth  separated  by  a  straight  bolder.  Head  and  thorax  very 
densely  shagrecned;  metathorax  short,  much  rounded.  Abdo- 
men very  finely  punctured,  not  so  regularly  fusiform  as  in  moroaa; 
the  first  segment  somewhat  narrower  compared  with  the  second 


MONTEZUMIA. 


125 


one,  but  having  Uic  same  form  us  iu  morosa  aud  marked  with  a 
subapical  sulcosity. 

lutiuct  black,  furnished  with  a  short  grayish  pubescence.  Post- 
scutel,  metathorax,  and  first  abdominal  segment  sulphur-yellow; 
the  latter  margined  with  a  black  band.  Tarsi  furnished  with  a 
golden-silky  pile  having  a  brownish  refleetioii ;  tibial  spines  rufous. 
Wings  dark  fuscous  with  dark  violet  iridescence  ;  the  apex  paler. 

Hub.  Santa-Martha.    Antilles. 

m.  VI.  Platensis. 

Monlezumia  platinia  Sacss.  Vesp.,  I,  92,  9;  pl.xv,  fig.  3,  J. 

Hub.   La  Plata. 

20.  IMf.  aiiceps  Sacss. — M,  morose-  p.flinls,  at  corpore  paulo  magia 
teiiuiter  puiictato  ;  clypeo  longioro,  minus  rugoso,  apiee  truuuato,  biun- 
giilato ;  tliorace  paulo  breviore;  pronoto  angulato;  mesonoto  breviore, 
nietauoto  minus  obliquo;  alis  apice  et  postice  puHucidis,  basi  et  iu  uosta 
nigris.     9  ■ 

Vaiiat.  Primo  sugmento  utrinque  lineola  submarginali  fulva. 

Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 
Monlezumia  anceps  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  92,  8  (1S52). 

Much  resembles  M.  morosa,  but  in  this  the  clypeus  is  in  form 
of  a  short  and  wide  pear  a?  d  terminat(;s  in  a  j)oint,  parted  by  a 
little  notch;  in  ilf.  anceps  it  is  more  lengthened,  truncate,  and 
bioarinate,  the  carime  formi::g  a  tooth  on  each  side  of  the  little 
inferior  border.  The  wings  arc  hyaline  with  the  costa  up  to  the 
stigma  dark-brown,  this  color  very  soon  becoming  faint;  the 
second  cubital  cell  is  also  less  contracted  in  M.  anceps,  which  is 
also  a  smaller  species. 

JJab.  South  America.     Rio  Janeiro. 


ill.  W .  Axteca  n.  sp.    (Fig.  10,  lOn.) — Viridi-coornlea,  cinereo-sericea ; 

capite  et  thor»i-u  valde  punctatis;    abdomine  puuctulato,  uigro;    alifi 

fusco-violaceirt. 
%.  Clypeo  iwfeie  fulro-biuotato,  margins  truULato  subbidentato ;  anten- 

narum  articulo  uitiiuo  deplauato,  ferrugineo. 

Total  It^ngth,  20  mm. ;  wing,  14  mm. 

%.  Head  short,  the  vrUhh  of  thorax.     Thorax  long,  neither  re- 
tracted before  nor  behind.     Prolhorax  shari)ly  truncate,  rimmed, 


12G 


HYMENOPTEUA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


with  the  angles  rather  sharp.  Metathorax  qn'.,c  rounded,  offer- 
ing two  large  dilated  cheeks,  strongly  sepoi'ated  by  a  wide 
channel ;  the  lateral  ridges  effaced,  rounded.  Abdomen  having 
the  same  form  as  in  M.  ccerulea,  funnel-shajed,  but  its  petiole 
much  shorter,  forming  hardly  the  third  or  th-;;  fourth  of  the  lirst 
segment;  this  retracts  the  second  as  in  the  Ivlistes,  and  carries 
a  distinct  groove  above ;  the  second  segment  having  its  border 
insen.sibly  subreflexed.  Head  and  thorax  vtry  densely  and 
coarsely  punctured  throughout,  of  an  elegant  bluish-grcen  violet, 
having  metallic  reflection.s  and  garnished  with  a  whitish  pile, 
especially  distinct  on  the  metathorax.  Abdomen  shining,  black, 
with  some  iridescent  reflections;  densely  punctured,  but  with  a 
silky  pile,  of  gray  hairs.  Legs  black;  the  anterior  tarsi  at  times 
ferruginous.  Wings  brownish,  with  violet  rellectiousj  the  ante- 
rior edge  darker. 

%  .  C'lypeus  polygonal,  widely  truncated,  covered  with  a  silvery 
pile,  offering  toward  the  bottom  two  little  arcuate  carinie,  which 
end  at  the  two  distant  teeth,  limiting  each  si-'  •  of  the  anterior 
margin.  The  color  of  clypeus  is  bluisli,  like  that  of  the  head,  but 
it  is  marked  on  its  anterior  border  with  a  double,  pale,  orange 
spot;  the  margin  delicately  black.  Antennae  black,  rolled  spi- 
rally at  the  extremity,  with  the  last  article  flattened,  obtuse,  nnd 
ferniirinons.  Mandibles  almost  without  teeth,  ofl'ering  only  some 
feeblt?  notches. 

Bern.  a.  diff. — This  species  approaches  the  M.  morosa,  although 
it  is  easily  distinguished  from  it  l)y  the  blue,  not  black,  color  of 
the  thorax  and  the  head  its  punctures  are  larger,  not  so  denso ; 
the  mctathora.x  is  more  channelled  and  not  so  excavated;  the 
scutelium  more  flattened  and  ptirte(l  in  its  length  by  a  delicate 
groove.  The  (irst  al)dominal  .segment  is  less  dilated  above ;  its 
base  is  linear,  pediculate  for  the  length  of  a  half  line  or  less, 
while  with  the  M.  vmrosa  this  segment  is  more  sessile. 

One  might  confound  it  also  with  M.  (•(rrulescens,  of  which  it 
has  much  the  appearance,  excci)t  that  its  petiole  is  much  shorter. 

Hah.  The  gulf  fiide  of  Mexico.  I  have  taken  but  one  specimen 
A&ar  Tampico. 

Observation. — Thi-;  species  is  quite  intermediate  between  Sect. 
Ifit  and  Sect.  2d,  its  abdomen  being  rather  pcdiculatu. 


MONTEZUMIA. 


127 


B.  Head  slronfjhj  dilated  on  the  vertex  behind  the  eyes,  having 
(.so  to  Npeak)  an  anomalous  form.  Tlwrax  much  lengthened; 
abdomen  often  large.  The  first  aegment  dejn'eased  or  fat- 
tened above  and  divided  by  a  very  distinct  groove. 

22.  iW.  Brasilieiisis  Sacss.  % . — Pnecedentium  staturaj  vel  paulo 
major ;  occipite  maxime  producto,  thorace  eodeinmodo  elongato,  sed 
anti(;e  magis  rotundato  et  metauoto  paulo  latiore,  truncatiore,  foveolato  ; 
alidoinine  latiore,  segmentis,  1"^,  20,  depressis;  primo  lato,  sulco  pro- 
fuiido  diviso.  Insectl  color  omuiuo  castaneus ;  metauoto,  lateribiis  et 
aute.niaruui  tlagello,  nigris.  Alia  fusco-cyaueis,  stigmate  ferrugiueo. 
Longit,  19  ram. 

Variat:  Pedibu.s  llavo-variis-;  abdominis  primo  segmento  flavo-marginato  ; 
corpore  plus  niiuusve  ferrugiueo. 

%  .  Auteuuis  apice  uuciuo  parvulo  fulvo  instructis ;  clypeo  ferrugiueo 
apice  emargiuato,  valde  biduutato. 

Montezumia  Drasiliensis  SAn.«s.  Veapides,  III,  164,  56  (1854). 

Ilab.  Brazil.  Proviuce  uf  the  uiiues.  (Typus  in  museo  Pari- 
siensi.) 

33.  Vf.  macrocepliala  Sau^s. 

MoiiiKzumiu  macrocephala  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  165,'  57;  pi.  iv,  fig.  3,  % 
(1854). 

Abdomine  maxime  dilatato. 

Ill  this  spcM'ieri  tlio  male  lias  the  abdnmon  squat  or  flattened, 
strongly  dihiled  and  depressed;  its  lirst  scfrincnl  is  parted  by  a 
strong  groove,  soiiu'tinics  (.'ontiiiuod  on  tlie  2d  segment.  In  the 
female  the  abdomen  is  not  so  flatteiu-d  down  but  is  slender  and  of 
the  normal  form.  The  elypeus  ?  is  terminated  by  two  small, 
rather  distant  teeth. 

Fi  '•.  Often  the  clyjieus  9,  the  face,  tarsi,  and  margins  of  the 
abdomniu!  segments  becom*'  yellowish.  On  the  contrary,  the 
whole  insect  often  becomes  uniformly  ferruginous. 

Hab.  Brazil.     (The  type  in  the  Paris  museum.) 

Division  PAR.AZUMIA. 

(Sauhr.  Venpides,  III,  Ititi.) 

Head  muct  dilated  ielhiid  the  eyes;  thorax  wide  and  strongly 
depressed;    meiatiiorax  prolonged  behind  obliquely;  its  lateral 


'  Errata. — IMi  fci»*  <tf  tlie  lU'scription,  instead  of  "  dessous  des  untennes," 
read :  "desaus  rfw  antennes." 


128 


IIYMEXOPTEKA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


r'nlf^L's  vory  slinrp.     Aluloinon  sossile,  depressed;  the  first  seg- 
ment wide,  sessile,  funnel-shaped. 

24.  Itff.  cariiilllata  Spin. — Niger,  mandibulis,  tarsi's  et  ahdoniiue  fer- 
rugiueis  ;  coiporo  polito,  fulvo-sericeo  ;  Ccipite  iiigro,  veri,ice  inipressione 
post-oculari  iiotato;  clypeo  biaugulato,  angulis  nifia  et  utrincjue  supra 
augnlos  dentulo  instrut^to;  thorace  depresso,  latioru  quain  abiloniun, 
superne  convexo,  polito;  scntello  post-scutelloijuu  deplanatis,  hoc 
postice  angulato,  haud  truncato,  per  metaiiotuin  iuvolutiiiu;  metatho- 
raue  sup<^rno  convexo,  utriuqiie  cautho  lateral!  acnto,  in  medio  inci^ura 
elongato-tiuadrata  strigatacjiie  exarato;  ejus  inarginibus  acutis,  tenuiter 
flavis  ;  ab<lomine  gracili,  prinio  segmento  elongato-piriformi,  superne 
carinula  longitudinali  partito ;  alls  hyalinis,  succinuo-subiuquiuatis, 
venis  fuscis.     9  • 

Odiinerns  carinulatus  Spinola!  Acad,  de  Turin,  XIII,  1853,  83,  03. 
Muutezumiti  cariniilatii  Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  1G(J,  58,  9  (°ec  %  ). 

Total  lengtb,  16  mtn. ;  wing,  14  mm. 

In  this  species  the  clypeus  is  terminated  by  a  little  margin, 
truneatc,  with  the  angles  ratlior  salient,  but  there  is  somewhat 
higiier,  a  sort  of  depression  imitating  a  fase  truncaturc,  forming 
alHM  on  each  side  a  little  tooth-like  eminence.  The  thorax  is 
wide,  depressed,  very  large  if  compared  to  the  slender  abdomen, 
lis  upper  surface  forms  a  sort  of  flattened  vault,  without  gibbo- 
sities; the  scutel  and  post-scutel  are  flattened,  making  the  con- 
linuution  of  this  vault  with  the  upper  face  of  uietathorax,  which 
is  not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  posterior  face.  The  latter  is 
eaiialiculaie  with  a  sort  of  square  notch,  bordered  with  sharp 
ridges. 

The  body  is  not  velvety,  but  much  polished,  although  garnished 
with  fulv«»us  hajir.     (Type  of  Spinoke.) 

Bab.  Brazil.     Para.     (Typus  in  nuiseo  Spinolic,  Taurinis.) 


Division  PSEUDOZUMIA. 

Body  doprewwd.  Thorax  wide;  lateral  ridges  of  metathorax  distinct. 
First  sfiimfnt  of'  nhl.omen  in  tht  form  of'  a  lengthened  triangle, Jiatlened  and 
longitudiuallif  striate, 

InsectR  Afiiaiio. 

Af.  indtca  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  1G7 ;  pi.  ix,  fig.  4.— India. 


MONOBIA, 


129 


Gen.  MOMODIA  Sa 

Lip  moderate.  Labial  palpi  composed  of  three  or  four  articles, 
the  fourth  rudimentary  and  soldered  when  it  exi.sts.  Maxillary 
paljji  composed  of  five  articles. 

Mandibles  lengthened,  channelled,  lobulate  toward  the  end  on 
the  inner  border  and  terminating  in  a  point  as  in  the  Odi/ncrua. 

Melathorax  excavated.  Abdomen  sessile,  conical  or  ovoid,  not 
fusiform,  j 

The  Monobia  are  Odynerina  among  which  the  number  of 
articles  of  the  palpi  is  diminished  and  which  for  this  reason 
approach  the  Monteziimia  and  Hynagris.  Their  bodies  ofler 
different  forms,  peculiarly  varied  like  the  Odynerina,  such  as  : 
mctathorax  rounded,  or  marginate  or  bidentate,  the  abdomen 
more  or  l^ss  conic  or  even  rather  ovoid,  etc. 

The  buccal  organization  of  the  Monobia  is  evidently  the  same 
as  with  the  Monteznmia ;  however,  the  labial  palpi  are  more 
variable,  and  one  sees  in  these  organs  the  rudiments  of  the  4th 
article  more  clearly  developed. 

The  Monobia  differ  from  the  Montezumia  by  their  wide  and 
excavated  mctathorax  and  by  their  abdomen,  coidcal  or  at  least 
sessile  and  not  pediculate  nor  fusiform.  Yet  here  also  one  meets 
intermediate  types  which  form  the  transition  from  one  genus  to 
tiie  other;  (sec  the  3IoHobia  egregia  and  variabilis.) 

Nevertheless  the  greater  number  of  species  have  wholly  the 
forms  of  the  Odijnerus  and  cannot  be  distinguished  from  this 
genus  but  by  the  dissection  of  the  mouth. 

Division  I.' 
Labial  palpi  composed  of  three  article,  the  3d  elongate. 


A.   Melathorax  Impinose. 

!•  M.  Californica  Sauss. — Oracllis,  ferrnginea,  sparse  punctata; 
nietanoto  foveolato,  utrinque  spinoso;  antennis  superne  ultra  medium 
iiigresceutibus  ;  macula  frontali  flara  :  vertice  nigro,  fascia  arcuata  et 


'  Perhaps  this  division  should  not  he  separated  from  the  second,  but 
not  having  the  insects  before  my  eyes,  it  is  imposaible  for  me  to  decide. 
9 


130 


IIYMENOl'TEUA    OP    AMKUICA. 


[I'ART  I. 


orbitis  f«i'rngiiieis  ;  inesonoti  diHco  iiigro,  signaturis  2  rnfld  ;  alxlouiiuis 
Hugtneiiti.s  bu.-si  iiigris;  ])i'Oiu)ti  et  nbdoiniiiiri  st^giiientoruiu  1-2  luargiue, 
tegulis,  scutullitf,  tibiis  et  tar.sis,  tlavin ;  alis  funiosis. 

Montezumiu  CuH/oruirn  Sauss.  Revue  do  Znol.,  xv,  18C3. 

« 

Total  length,  18  inin.  ;  wing,  13  mm. 

%.  The  slendor  mid  lengthened  form  of  Monlezumia,  but  the 
abdomen  more  truneate  at  its  base.  Jlead  rather  small.  Thorax 
very  little  retraeted  befcnx' or  behind;  metalhora.v  s(|uar('ly  cut, 
searcely  prolonged  behind  the  ])o.st-seutel ;  its  posterior  face 
truneate,  e.xeavated  in  almost  all  its  width,  oceupied  by  a  vertieal 
furrow,  smooth  and  shining,  slightly  striate  from  the  middle 
downward;  armed  on  eaeh  side  with  a  strtmg  spiniform  tooth; 
the  inferior  borders  of  the  eoneavity  (piite  trenehant,  but  the 
superior,  sitimted  above  the  spines,  comi)letely  rounded  and 
effaeed.  Seutellum  and  jiost-seutel  separated  by  a  di'ep  groove 
and  divided  by  a  longitudinal  groove;  {ho  post-scutel  rather 
carinated.  Head  and  th(tra.\  smooth,  covered  with  finely  jtunc- 
tured  .spots,  the  raetathorax  more  strongly  punctured.  Abdomen 
lengthened,  but  subsessile;  the  first  segment  wide,  rounded- 
truncate  at  its  base,  but  still  less  wide  than  tlie  2d,  which  is  longer 
than  wide.  All  the  segments  having  their  posterior  border 
divided  by  a  little  longitudinal  groove. 

Insect  of  a  bay-ferruginous,  with  satin-like,  slightly  glaucous 
reflection!?.  Clypeus  {1)  convex,  polygonal,  a  little  notched  in 
the  are  of  a  circle  and  armed  with  two  angular  teeth.  Front  and 
vertex  black,  but  a  spot  above  the  insertion  of  the  antenna;  yel- 
low. A  space  behind  the  eyes  and  the  complete  border  of  the 
orbits  orange-ferruginous;  the  two  lines  which  border  the  summit 
of  the  eyes  unite  on  the  posterior  part  of  the  vertex,  forming  a 
hor.seshoe.  Mouth  and  antenme  ferruginous ;  these  last  a  little 
obscure  above  in  their  second  moiety  and  nearly  to  tii(!  end. 
Thorax  varied  with  black  beneath  and  along  its  sutural  lines; 
di.<k  of  the  mesothorax  black,  with  a  double  ferruginous  spot;  a 
little  black  at  the  bottom  of  the  concavity  of  the  metathorax  and 
at  the  base  of  the  abdominal  segments.  Wing  scales,  post-.scutel, 
and  margin  of  the  first  two  n'jdominal  segments,  yellow;  the 
border  of  the  second  a  little  festooned  and  narrow  in  the  middle; 
the  border  of  prothorax  and  of  the  other  segments  also  a  little 
yellow.  Legs  ferruginous,  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  yellowish. 
Wings  smoky,  with  slight  vioiet  reflections. 


MONOBIA. 


131 


This  doubtless  varies  much.  Its  yellow  markings  are  proba- 
bly often  more  developed  and  the  body  partly  encroached  upon 
by  black 

Bens.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  remarkable  from  its  slender  form 
and  its  motathorax  puffed  or  chubby  at  the  summit.  IJy  this 
character  it  establishes  itself  in  the  genus  Monobia  aud  marks  the 
transition  from  the  Monte.ziunia. 

In  its  colors  it  recalls  certain  Odyneri  of  the  old  world  ((). 
vmUicolor  aud  allies),  and  also  certain  Odyneri  of  its  own  country, 
such  fi%i\\Q  0.annulatu8,pratensis,  and  in  fine  some  Mexican 
species,  such  as  the  O.  Iturbide.  But  it  differs  from  all — 1st, 
by  its  abdomen  lengthened,  not  conical ;  2d,  by  its  metathorax 
which  is  chubby  at  its  summit  on  each  side  of  the  post-scutel, 
because  that  is  a  little  prolonged  behind;  3d,  by  its  labial  palpi 
distinctly  composed  of  only  three  articles  and  the  maxillary 
clearly  of  five. 

It  differs  from  the  M.  egregia  by  its  metathorax,  chubby  at  the 
summit  and  truncate,  not  in  a  line  with  the  post-scutel,  but  more 
behind;  having  a  smaller  concavity  and  of  another  form,  more 
inclosed,  aud  of  which  the  spiniform  angles  are  placed  above  the 
middle. 

It  approaches  more  to  the  M.  variabilis  in  its  form,  but  is 
more  slender,  and  the  ))ody  is  not  strongly  eril)rose  nor  velvety, 
as  with  thi.s  species,  but  smooth,  satin-like,  with  glaucous  reflec- 
tions. 

Hab.  Lower  California.  Taken  at  Cape  St.  Lucas  by  T. 
Xantus. 

Observation. — With  this  species  the  buccal  organs  are  but 
little  Ichgthened  ;  the  tongue,  the  galea,  and  the  maxillary  palpi 
are  quite  short ;  the  labial  palpi  are  slender,  the  articles  long. 

3.  Vt.  cyanipennis  Oubr. 

Odynenis  cynnipennis  Guer.  Voy.  de  la  Coqnille,  Ins.,  2G4;  pi.  ix,  flg.  5, 

S(1830). 
Monohia  cyanipennis  Saoss.  Vespides,  I,  96,  2. 


Hah.  Chili.    (Typus  in  mus.  Dom.  Guerin  Meneville.) 


132 


IIYMENOPTEHA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


B.  Metathorax  noi  hUpinoae. 

a.  Metathorax  with  rou(jh  an(jle$. 

3.  Af«  HilTatica  Sauh:). — Nigra,  pauctata ;  clypeo  apice  truncato; 
uietathoravia  canthis  rugoaia  hand  aouti:) ;  abdoininu  se^trtili,  bani  triin- 
vato,  primo  aegmeuto  suoundo  lequilato,  Hecundi  margine  subcanaliculato 
et  valde  puuotato;  mandibulis,  uiauula,  fruptali  «t  post-ouiilari,  clypao, 
aiitennis  basi,  pronnto,  tugulia  inauuliaque  2  .souttilli,  fMii-ti^inuis  ;  abd. 
1'-'  8eb:::?"to  >'«faiide  davo-limbato ;  pudibud  llavis,  basi  iiigria;  alia 
fu.soo-Tiolaaceiitibua.      9  ■ 

Variat.  Corpore  plua  uiinusve  flavo-variegato. 

Monobia  sylvatica  Sausb.  Ve.spidel^  I,  9'),  1 ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  7,  9* 

Hab.  Brazil.     (Typus  in  mus.  Parisiense.) 

This  insect  closely  resembles  lihi/nrhiiiin  (Odyneriis)  dorsale, 
but  it  is  somewhat  smaller.     The  .species  seems  to  be  distinct 
from  this,  and  I  made  some  confusion  with  it  in  my  Vespides  III, 
p.  168. — Compare  0(h/n.  <hrnalU,  page  200,  Oha. 
h.  Metathorax  rounded,  unarmed. 

4.  M.  anomnla  Hai-hs. 

Monobia  auomala  Hal'.ss.  Vespides,  I,  96,  3 ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  4  (1852). 

Hab,  Brazil.    (Typus  in  mus.  Dom.  Gucrin  Meneville.) 


Division  II. 

Labial  palpi  composed  of  three  articles ;  the  3d  carrying  at  its 
extremity  a  4th  rudimentary  article,  soldered  to  the  3d,  difficult 
to  distinguish,  embodied  with  it,  and  armed  with  stiff  hairs  like 
the  extremity  of  the  3d. 

A.  Abdomen  conical;  (he  first  segment  wide  and  truncate. 
Hinder  j^orlion  of  (he  metathorax  bordered  by  trenchant 
ridges  and  armed  on  each  side  with  a  dentiform  angle. 

This  type  establishes  the  transition  to  Odynerus  from  the 
subgenus  Odynerus,  properly  called,  to  Rhynchium,  by  its 
quadrate  thorax  and  its  conical  abdomen. 

5.  M.  qiiadridens  Linn.— Valida,  nigra,  capite  et  thorace  valde 
punctatia;  clypeo  piriformi,  apice  %  bidentato,  9  biangalato;  abdo- 
niine  conico;  pronoti  macalia  2,  post-scutello  et  abd.  primo  aegmento 
supra,  albidis  ;  %  minor,  clypeo  albido. 


MONODIA. 


133 


re.s7»a  4-f/rn.*  Lixs.  Syat.  Nat.  II,  Of),  15  (17ti7).— Amces  Acad.  VI,  413 

.MuKLLEK,  Kd.  Liu.  II,  881,  15. — Curiht  Ilyuieii.,  234. — Illiarr, 
Cum  p.  1 118.  rari«r.,  30,  92. 

Vespa  uiiehiata  Fahr.  Ryst.  Kut.,  307,  22  (1775).— Syst.  Piez.,  259,  31.' 
Ouv.  Kntiycl.,  VI,  G85. 

Vespa  ciuctn-nigrti  Dkokek.  Mem.  Ins.  Ill,  583,  8;  tab.  xxix,  fig.  12. 

0<li/neru»  uiicliKituit  Lkp.  St.  Farg.  Ilym.,  II,  G19,  9. 

Odi/nerus  ijuadriden*  Say,  Bost.  Joiim.,  I,  38(),  3;   Kd.  LbContb,  II,  766,  3. 

Mtmohia  qnadridenx  Sacbr.  Vespides,  I,  97,  4;  III,  168. 

Monobia  uncinala  Sauss.  Ibid.  I;  pi.  xvi,  fig.  1  (bad  figure). 

Total  length,  20  mm. ;  wiug,  17  mm. 

Large.  Head  densely  punctured,  often  prcRPnting  on  the 
vertex  a  little  depression.  Thorax  densely  punctured  ;  j)rothnrax 
with  a  slender  margin;  mesothorax  offering  above  the  scutelium 
two  distinct  grooves;  scutelium  feebly  convex,  hut  little  divided, 
post-scutel  subdivided,  not  crenulate;  metathorax  Blightly  re- 
tracted, offering  on  it.s  posterior  face  a  subconcave  furrow,  very 
finely  striate,  distinctly  margined  (at  least  at  bottom)  and  armed 
on  each  side  with  a  spine.  (The  upper  ridges  are  often  a  little 
effaced  by  the  punctures.)  Abdomen  smooth,  ovalo-conical, 
covered  with  fine  scattered  punctures;  the  first  segment  perfectly 
sessile,  truncated  l)efore,  punctured  on  its  anterior  face,  as  wide 
as  the  2d  and  divided  by  a  groove  on  its  upper  face ;  the  2d 
quite  strongly  punctured  with  separated  points,  more  and  moi'e 
dense  toward  the  posterior  border. 

Insect  black,  shining;  two  great  spots  on  the  prothorax,  the 
post-scutel  and  the  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  above,  whitish. 
Wings  of  a  black  violet. 

9.  Clypeus  black,  pyriform,  punctured,  terminated  by  two 
dentiform,  diverging,  carinated  anjrles. 

%.  Clypeus  whitish,  margined  with  black,  terminated  by  two 
separated  teeth,  divided  by  a  wide  slightly  concave  border. 
Antennae  terminated  by  a  hook. 


'  The  description  of  Linnfus  is  incomplete,  that  of  Fabricius  touched 
with  error,  and  the  name  has  two  typographical  faults  in  the  Syst.  Piez. 
Yet  there  can  I  e  no  doubt  regarding  the  species.  Liniiu  has  counted  as 
teeth  the  two  angles  at  bottom  ofmetuth.nrux  which  receive  the  articulation 
of  the  abdomen.  Fabricius  does  not  notice  the  metathoraoio  teeth, 
doubtless  because  the  abdomen,  raised  and  pressed  against  it,  concealed 
them  from  his  sight. 


184 


IIVMENOI'TERA    OF   AMEIUrA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


^ 


Var.   Sculol  mid  inotatlmnix  with  two  wliitish  spots. 

licHH.  a.  (Ii(f. — The  Monohia  4-drnn  is  voiy  (JitlU'ult  to  distin- 
guish from  tiie  Oihjncrun  bidcuH ;  however,  oiitr  can  niways 
recognizo  it — 1st,  hy  its  clypciis  uniicd  witli  tW')  teetii  %,  wilii 
two  wuliciit  aiigh's  9;  2d,  l)y  its  ahdoiiK  ii,  punctured  more 
strongly  and  tiiroughout,  cspcciuliy  on  the  untorior  lace  of  tho 
lirst  segment  and  upon  the  sceond  which  docs  not  oiler  an  arcuate 
hand  of  strong  ])unclnrcs  along  lis  border;  'id,  hy  its  maxillary 
palpi  whi(;h  have  hut  live  articles  and  the  labial  having  the  4lh 
uriiele  rudimentary  nnd  soldered  upou  the  third.  C'oujpare  also 
Odi/iici'us  quadrineclHs, 

I/<d).  The  United  States.  A  .^iiecics  common  in  all  tho 
eastern  jtart  of  the  country. 

I  possess  a  great  nuudter  of  specimens  t;d\en  in  all  the  Eastern 
States,  in  New  Kngland  (Norton),  in  Illinnis  (W'llch,  Kenui- 
eott),  in  Tennessee  (Freudenreieh-Faleonnn  Kuchs),  in  South 
Carolina,  Louisiana  (author),  Florida  (Norton). 

L>.  Abdomen  ovalo-conival ;  the  first  ifcf/vwut  more  rounded,  less 
trunvaf'  h-ns  .hcsxHc.  Mvlnlhorax  ruwidi'd;  (V.s  concavitjj 
not  borut  red  above  by  trenchant  ridges. 

a.    Oh  each  side  of  mctnlhorax  a  dentiform  an^lf. 

6.  9t,  angulosu  Saiss. — Valida,  iiii;ra,  punctata;  ilypeo  J  piiiformi, 
puiK'tato,  inlere  striato,  sul>bicariiiato,  apii-o  biangulato,  'J,  apice 
truiicato  ;  uietaiioto  velulino,  bidi-iitato,  fxoavatioiie  punctata  instructo, 
iiulloiuoilo  acuti)  iiiargitiata;  al)il()iuiiie  ovato-eoiiico,  strict'O,  iiietannti 
angnlis  ntrinqiie  fasuia  latei-ali  anraiitiaoa;  gt>nil)us,  tibiis  et  tar.sis 
prjecipii"  anti(-i.s,  testaueo-variis  ;  alirt  fiisco-cyaiieis. 

%  .  Anteimis  sul)tu3  I'orrugiiieis,  scapi  fascia  llava  ;  tarsis  snbtus  sulfureis. 

Monobiaanyuluna  Sachs.  Vfsjjides,  I,  08,  (J;  pi.  xv,  fig,  5  (1852)  ;  III,  109. 
Total  lengtii,  23  mm. ;  yfing,  18  mm. 

fiargc.  Clypcus  strongly  punctured,  almost  in  striai ;  pyri- 
fonn,  at  the  extremity  truncate,  almost  biangulate.  l>etween  tho 
antenme  is  a  kind  of  tubercle,  grooved  above.  Metatliorax  form- 
ing on  each  side  a  com))ressed  tooth  ;  the  concavity  a  little  striate 
and  punctured,  but  the  .superior  edges  elfaccd ;  roughly  punctured. 
Head  and  thorax  densely  j)uncturcd  ;  the  metathorax  \i'vy  rugose 
above.  Abdomen  conical  as  among  the  true  Ilhynchium,  .shining, 
puiu;tures  scattered;  the  border  of  the  2d  segment  and  the  fol- 
lowing on  tho  contrary  very  densely  punctured,  dull. 


MONdHIA. 


I8ft 


the 


Body  hluck  with  prniy-silky  ri'lkrthdis.  Two  sjiots  on  iiietii- 
thoiT.x  |»n»loiig('(l  as  linos  on  tlic  iiilcrioi  ridfit-.s,  pal*'  oraiijje-yel- 
low.oi'yL'lIow.   Winjishhick,  with  violacuous  rfflcdioiis.  (Mcxlct).) 

r«/*.  a.  Tarsi  and  anterior  til)iie  rather  ft'rriif,nn(tns  'V\w.  first 
alidouiinal  fvgiijcnt  adorned  on  each  side  with  uyeMowish  margin. 
(Jirazil.) 

/•    Maiidil)los  and  extremity  of  clypeus  brown  fernijrinous. 

f.  Motathorux  l)hiek;  only  its  inferior  ridges  yellow.   (Snrinam.) 

</.  Tiie  inetalhorac'ic  ca\  ity  more  or  lenn  punctnrei], 

1.  Smnller,  Clypeiis  black,  iiuiietnred,  rather  short ;  its  infe- 
rior border  ))roa(lly  truncate,  or  a  little  coneuvc^  with  its  angles 
rather  projecting.  Anteiune  slender,  armed  with  a  terminal 
hook;  benealii  ferrnginoiis;  the  scape  with  a  yellow  line.  Often 
a  yellow  Hpot  between  the  untenniv.  Anterior  tmir^m  of  jtro- 
thorax  rather  concave.  The  angles  of  the  melathorax  blunt. 
"Wing  scales  brownish.  Tarsi  suli)hur-yellow,  with  a  brown  line 
on  their  siijx-rior  fact;.     (Hra/.il.) 

/i('.-:.s.  (I.  dill'. — This  is  suHieiently  distingnislied  from  M.  bian- 
gidata  by  its  mon;  riigo-it!  elypeiis  and  the  punctuation  of  its 
abdomen,  for  in  this  the  border  of  segments  2d  and  \U\  is 
shining,  testac(!ou.s ;  and  the  segments  yd-oth  are  not  uioro 
punctate  than  th(i  1st  and  '-'d. 

Hub.  .Mexico  (Orizaba)  and  South  America. 


T.  Itff.  1)iaiiHiilata  n.  sp.    (FiR.  12, 12fj.)—Vali(la,  nigra,  punctata;  .1/. 

(ini/ii/o.itp.  atrniissiiiia  ;  inetiiiiolo  valil«  f  xcaviUo,  fovniila  iiitiiia  ti'iiuitcr 
punctata  Instructo  et  utrinijUB  anmilato ;  macula  fidntali  et  sulialari, 
pniu'to  post-oculari,  niaculi.s  '2  iiictaiioti  fasciaqiie  intt'rriipta  in  pronoto 
et  abdomiuis  segineutornin  niargine  1,  2,  fulvin;  ali^  fusou-cjraueis. 

Total  length,  19  nun.  ;  wing,  IG  mm. 

9.  Larj^e.  Head  and  thorax  cribrose  with  punctures;  meta- 
thorax  velvety,  offering  a  circular  concavity,  deep,  smooth,  and 
finely  punctured,  but  which  is  not  bordered  at  tlie  summit  except 
by  some  dei)ressed  ridges;  on  each  side  a  sliarj)  dentiform  angle 
is  placed  without  the  concavity.  Abdomen  .'^nwooth,  sericeous, 
ovalo-eonical ;  the  first  segment  a  little  narrower  than  the  second, 
rounded  ;  the  2d  and  3d  segments  both  offering  along  their  border 
a  line  which  Hu'm.s  a  separation  like  a  second  border. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  n  fine  gray  pile.  Scape  of  the 
antenuiE  more  or  less  ferruginous  beneath.     A  spot  un  the  face. 


i;iG 


IIYMKNtil'lKUA    OP    AMKUICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


u  |iiiiiit  bi'liiiul  tliu  siiiiitiiit  ofi'tifh  oyc,  two  spots  or  nii  itu't>tii|ilt'lu 
border  on  prolliorax,  it  h|ioI  under  tliu  wiiif:  mid  two  un  nietii- 
tlinrax,  pule  yellow;  lirst  ulidoniiiial  He^ineiit  ornamented  witii  u 
lMird(;r  (it'tlie  nuuh!  color,  interrupted  in  the  niiddU^  and  extendin^^ 
ulon^  thu  sides;  the  2d  and  .'(d  havin)^  their  border  brownish,  tho 
2d  beyond  l)einj?  ornainentod  wiih  a  pule  yellow  border,  intor- 
rnpted  and  sul)inur^inal.  (Oxtu  2d  and  'M  spotted  with  yellow; 
anleri))r  tibiiu  and  tarsi  varied  with  ferrii^'inoiis ;  the  hair  of  tho 
legs  a  little  gtdilen.     Win^;>i  brown,  with  violet  rellections. 

Jicna.  a.  dip". — This  Monnhia  differs  from  M.  nnrjulnna  by  its 
clypeua,  which  presents  u  Hat  snrface,  bordered  by  two  litllo 
arcuate,  foir't'rgent  ridffcs,  which  end  in  nieetinff  the  two  denti- 
form terminal  aiijrles  of  the  clypeus,  which  approach  nearer  than 
with  the  M.  (iiKjiilnaa,  where  tho  ridfres  are  siraijiht;  2d,  by 
the  deeper  concavity  of  the  nietathorax;  od,  by  tlic;  structure  of 
tile  border  of  segments  2,  J],  of  which  one  sees  no  trace  in  the 
M.  nnyiilosa. 

llah.  The  torriil  parts  of  Mexico. 

S.  IVI.  iiigripciiiiiM  n.  sp. — Vnlida,  nigra,  valde  cril)rnta ;  clypeo  9 
apicH  l)iileiitat(>,  fulvo-niarginato  ;  luetaiioto  lugoso,  liideiitato,  fuveula 
punctata,  scd  baud  acute  inaigiiiata  inntructo,  alis  nigris. 

Total  luugth,  2U  mm. ;  wing,  16  mm. 

9.  Large.  Appearance  of  a  7?/i»/»r/(/»m.  Clypeus  pyriform, 
convex,  cribrose  with  coarse  i)its,  terminated  by  two  dentiform 
angles.  Head  and  thora.x  densely  and  coarsely  cribrose  ;  back 
convex;  anterior  iiuirgin  of  prothorax  crested  ;  jmst-scutel  punc- 
tured above;  its  posterior  face  coinciding  with  (he  truncation  of 
the  nietathorax.  This  last  rugose ;  its  concavity  distinct,  punc- 
tured, but  not  inclosed;  its  upper  edges  eflaeed  by  the  rugosities; 
on  each  side  is  a  spiniform  tooth.  Abdomen  conical,  very  densely 
punctured,  velvety ;  the  lirst  segment  nearly  as  wide  as  the  second, 
anteriorly  truncate,  but  not  presenting  any  distinct  edge;  the  2d 
moderately  long;  those  following  not  being  more  strongly  punc- 
tured. 

Insect  entirely  black,  velvety;  its  hairs  black;  the  feet  only  a 
little  grayish  ;  a  spot  on  upper  part  of  mandibles  and  a  line  along 
the  latero-inferior  borders  of  clypeus,  tawny.  Wings  black,  their 
terminal  border  only,  a  little  whitish. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — This  insect  much  resembles  the  Monobia  api- 


MONdlilA. 


i:)7 


rnliprnnt'i^  mid  is  (liHtiiijfuiHlictl  fnun  it  hy  the  two  spiiirs  «if  iIk; 
iiictalimrii.v,  liy  tin-  |((ist-sc(iltl  witiiniit  iiiiy  crcsl,  \iy  its  wIiikh 
of  wliicli  liio  t'Xlrciiiity  has  Itiit  very  JiKJc  wliili',  etc. 

Jluh.  The  hut  it'giuiis  of  Muxico.  I  huvt;  lukfu  u  s|iufiuu'ii 
near  Tami-icu. 

li,   Metallwrtix  without  ilistincl  apini/orm  unijlvn. 

IK  M.  a|»iculi|i«>lllliM  Sauhh.— Nigrn,  oapite  t>l  tliurn<,-»>  (iHiiHiHHimo 
iniiictiitis ;  iilMloiiiiiitt  oviito,  velutiiio,  tonuitHr  puiiutntn,  s«<giii«<iit(>ruiu 
iiiiirgiiit)  imiilo  tlisliiuttiiirt  ot  dHiisius  punctiito;  rapitti  siiti-t  miiiiito; 
ulypco  tniiiciito,  siil)l)i(lttiiUit(i ;  lliorfict)  uiitiuc  piiiilo  coiinttati),  liiaiiKii- 
lato ;  p«st-Hi!utello  panliiin  triiiisverwim  (iristiito,  posticn  truiiuiito; 
iiietiiiKiti)  lii'vi,  triiiicnlr),  liitn,  riigoHO,  in  in(!<]ii)  fovcola  licvi  iiistriictii, 
Heil  iilii(|iu)  rotiiiidato,  cniitliirt  iiulliH,  tit  imiIIiiiikmIi)  liiilmtati);  clypKO, 
iiiiiiiililiiilis,  s])iiti<>  poHt-ociilnri,  aiitciinnniiii  Hcapo  Kiil)tiis,  tiliiis  aiitiiis 
antictt,  tarsJH  aiiticis  apiue  uiiguibutttiue,  rulU  ;  &\\a  nigris,  apiuu  all)i<liri. 
9  .     Longit,  10  iiiiu. 

Monoltla  upiculipciinls  Sadbs.  VespUl.,  I,  98,  5  ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  C  (III,  1G8,  var.f) 

Hub.  South  Aiii'ricu,     (Typus  in  actoris  imisco,) 

This  s|)rc'ic'8  (lilVcrs  IVoin  the  J/,  nitjriprnnis,  hy  its  Ktrougly 

anji'ulatt!  prolhorax  and  by  its  rounded  nictatliorax. 

(I  fontid  in  Mexico  one  of  tlie  ApUlui  wliidi  tuukl  very  easily 

bo  coid'ounded  witli  this  Monubia.) 

C.  AhtJomen  di(jhthj /uniform,  evhtrginfj  as  far  ax  (he  cj-lrcmifi/ 
of  l/ie  2d  .^('(jmciU;  the  l.s7  scgmtud  a  li/tlc.  J'unnel-slidjx'd, 
divided  by  a  feeble  longitudinal  groove.     Thorax  lengthened. 

These  insects  luive  the  appearance  of  Mnntezuniia  and  one 
would  readily  confound  that  with  those  of  this  genus,  were  it  not 
for  the  rudiment  of  the  4th  article  of  the  labial  palpi.  They  form 
the  transition  from  Montezumia,  and  one  can  almost  class  these 
with  that  genus  from  the  fornuition  of  their  body;  however,  the 
structure  of  their  palpi,  their  sessile  abdomen  having  the  first 
segment  in  form  of  a  bell  rather  than  funnel-shaped  and  al)ove  all 
tlieir  nietathornx  excavated  and  bidentate,  assigns  them  their 
place  among  the  Monobia. 

10.  M.  variallilis  n.  sp. — Ferrnginea,  dense  punctata  ;  clypeo  snbbi- 
dentato ;  metanotti  ferniginosn,  foveohl  striata  et  utrinquo  dente  instruoto ; 
abdomine  basi  aiicusliore,  SHijniento  prinio  flavo-limbato ;  capita  et 
mesonuto  iiigi-o-variis  ;  alis  obsouris,  violasoentibus. 

Total  length,  18  niiii. ;  wing,  15  mm. 


138 


IIYMENOPTEllA    OF    AMERICA. 


[PAllT  I. 


9.  T-'orms  of  a  Montezinnia.  Clypeus  pyriforiii,  strongly 
l»uiH'tiiiT(l,  Itii'iirimilo  Iiiterally,  Icnuiiiatcd  by  two  uiiglos  or  teetli. 
Jlfiul  tiiid  thorax  very  (U-iisely  ^tuiicturcd ;  vertex  ofl'orinj^  a 
(kpivssion  on  its  liiiidcr  part.  Tiiorax  ratlier  elongate,  slightly 
velvety  ;  nielathorax  exteiuling  a  little  beyond  the  sciitelliini, 
very  coarsely  and  densely  jmiietiired  above,  wrinkled,  velvety  ; 
its  concavity  striate,  limited  by  edges,  not  very  ap|)arent,  because 
of*  the  convex  form  of  the  i\\  o  superior  cheeks  of  the  mctathorax  ; 
and  offering  on  each  side  a  denlilorin  angle.  Abdomen  silky, 
almost  velvety,  punctured;  its  wiiltli  augmenting  as  far  as  tht; 
cxtrenuty  of  the  2d  segment;  first  segment  narrower  than  the 
second,  slightly  funnel-shaped,  and  divided  above  by  a  groove; 
margin  of  the  2d  a  little  bordered  and  densely  punctured,  as  also 
those  following. 

Insect  ferruginous.  Antenmu  black  above  in  their  second 
nntiety ;  face  varied  with  black;  forehead  and  vertex  black,  with 
a  ferruginous  arc.  Thorax  varied  with  black  beiicath;  nu'sotho- 
th(»rax  varied  with  black  above  on  a  red  ground  (or  black  varied 
with  ferruginous);  alxlomeii  fulvo-velutinous,  silky;  base  of  2d 
segment  obscure;  border  of  the  1st  yellow.  Wings  brown,  with 
golden  and  \lolet  rellections. 

ii'cs'.s.  a.  (lijf. — This  species  much  ioscn»bles  the  M.  egregia,  but 
the  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  longer  and  the  metathoracic 
concavity  is  smaller  and  less  flattened.  The  metathorax  is  more 
convex  at  sunnnit  and  the  thorax  is  more  punctured.  The  colors 
are,  without  doul)t,  varial)le.  it  has  much  the  same  form  as  M. 
californica,  but  the  budy  is  much  more  punctured ;  the  abdomen 
dijusely  so. 

Uab.  Mexico.  Oriental  part.  1  caught  a  9  in  the  valley  of 
Cordova. 

II*  M.  egregia  Sauss. — Statuife  M,  variahil'ia  et  lUi  coiiformis  ;  rieiise 
pniK-tiitii;  nii'tiiiioto  suprii  miiuis  convexo,  fovt-ola  latiore,  valde  striata 
lUrinqne  dentu  iiiiiiata ;  nlxlominis  iniiiio  seguiento  breviore,  aiitico 
trmnato;  cnpitH,  tlioiacn  et  alxl.  piiiiio  scitiiuiiito,  iiigris ;  scgnit'iitis 
leliiinis  rulis  ;  clypeo,  :iaiulil)iilis,  aiiteiinis,  orliitis  et  in  verticw  fascia 
arcuata,  pronoti),  si-utt-llis,  temilis,  lineolis  '/  jnt^sonoti,  macula  subalari, 
linnnlis  2  ill  nit^tanoti  eanthia,  tiliiis,  tartsis  abdomiuisque  gegtiientorum 
liinbo,  aurantiacis  ;  alirt  ft^rrngineis.  9- 
Vnrint.   I'ronoto  rtavo-inaiifinato. 

Monnh'-ti  ('(jreijia  Sauss.  Vespiiles,  III,  1G8,  GO;  pi.  iv,  fig.  5,  9  (l^i64). 

llab.   The  Antilles? 


NORTON! A, 


139 


of 


Gen.  I¥ORTOIVIA  (Mini). 

Mandibles  Iciigtheiied,  dciitato  or  lol)ate. 

Lip  luid  Jmvn  lengthont'd ;  liii)iiil  piili)!  ooK-posod  o^  four 
articles  ;  the  (irst  tlirco  uruiod  with  long  linirs ;  uiaxillary  palpi 
composed  of  nix  articles. 

('h/peux  pyriforni,  triincatn  or  cmnrginato. 

Ah<h,iuen  having  its  first  spgnu-nt  n-tracted,  funnci-^hapcd  or 
snbcanipannlate,  sul)l)identat('  in  tin-  middlr. 

Mctathorax  short,  ooiivox,  its  groove  shallow,  flattened  behind, 
its  lateral  edges  distinct. 

The  reniai.uler  as  in  the  Montezumia. 

I'liis  type  establishes  the  transition  of  OdijueruH  to  Eume)ies. 

The  organs  of  the  nioiitli  arc  almost  the  same  as  in  h'lnncves 
and  (>(h/in'rnt<,  bnt  the  body  has  tlu'  form  to  which  it  inelines  in 
3fi>iilrTiiinni,  the  first  segment  being  funnel-shaped,  not  sessile,  as 
in  ndijrcrufi,  bnt  not  contracted  into  a  petiole  as  in  Eumcucs. 

1.  ^,  iiiteriiiCMlia  Sai-ss. 

Odi/iicrui  iiilennvdiuH  Sauss.  Vesjiide-s,  I,  If)'),  39;  pi.  xvii,  fig.  I,  III,  224 
(1852). 

JInb.   Southern  Europe. 

!2.  X.  syiMluorplia  t^Ai-ss. — Nitjrn,  nitida,  di-n^H  imiiftata;  clypt'o  9 

siibciiiaigiiuito,  '^  iiit-'s'io  llavo;  aiittMinis  sulitus  tV-iruxiimis,  Hcapo  ^ 
fascia  llava ;  iimsonoto  liisiil(^it(),  inctanoto  iiicilio  foveolato,  pronofo 
nifdio  al)douiinisqnH  s^muentoriuii  UiiiIk)  ^  1-3,  9  1,  2,  liinl)n,  Havis; 
segmeiitis  2,  3  niargine  suldflteso ;  lil)iis  et  tar:>is  llavis  ;  alls  fusc;)- 
violacuis. 

Odijiierus  symmoridtus  Sauss.  Vespiilcs,  III,  24(),  110  (18.'34). 

Total  length,  17  iiiiii. ;  wing,  14  una. 

$.  riypens  i)laek;  oval,  convex,  pnnctnred;  its  inferior  border 
channelled,  terminated  by  a  slender  and  sliini'ig,  sniiemargiinite, 
subbilol>ate  lamina;  between  the  antennic  a  little  transverse 
tubercle  or  carina.  On  tlie  vertex  is  a  transverse  depression. 
Thorax  niod(<rate,  ovate.  Head  and  thorax  punctured  and 
clotln'd  with  a  ferruginous  pile;  mesothorax  nnuked  on  the 
l)osterior  part  of  its  disk  with  two  or  four  longitudinal  grooves; 


140 


HYMENUPTERA   (»P    AMKHIPA. 


[I'AUT  I. 

niotnthorax  small,  very  strongly  niul  densely  piincttirod,  offering 
in  till'  Miiddle  a  little  exeav  iitioii,  distinctly  striate.  Alxloinen 
smooth,  shining;  the  first  segment  I'linnel-sliaped,  sulieanipanu- 
late,  subpediculate,  bidcntate,  strongly  punetured  and  divided 
above  by  a  distinct  groove  ;  bonier  of  the  second  and  following 
segments  densely  punctured;  the  margin  of  the  second  and  third 
slightly  upturned. 

Insect  black,  shining.  Antenmu  ferriiginons  beneath.  Wing 
scales  ferruginous,  at  times  nnirked  with  yellow.  A  point  behind 
each  eye,  a  mark  on  middle  of  prothora.x  and  border  of  segnient.s 
1,  2,  yellow;  the  border  of  tlie  first  enlarged  in  the  middle; 
border  of  third  segment  pieeous;  tibise  and  tarsi  yellow.  Wings 
of  a  transparent  brown,  with  beautiful  violet  relleetions. 

%.  (-'lyi)eus  wide,  truncate,  yellow.  A  nmrk  im  the  front  and 
a  line  on  the  scape  of  antenme,  yellow;  their  hook  ferrug-uous; 
the  third  abdominal  segment  often  bordered  with  yellow. 

r«r.  No  spot  on  the  front,  nor  yellow  border  on  the  second 
abdominal  segment  (Florida). 

I/iih.  The  eastern  United  States,  Florida,  New  York,  Con- 
necticut (:}  9,  3  i,  E.  Norton). 

•I.  IV.Toltem  n.  sp.  (Fig.  1^,  IHa.) — Ferrupinea,  fulvo-hirsntn,  sparse 
puiiutato-ciilirata;  clypt'O  Idileutato;  tlioraic  9  <liliitato,  latis.^iiuo, 
Miaxiino,  (lepresso;  %  iiorr>Hli ;  nlnlomiiie  vehitino,  puiictato,  priiiio 
gfgineiito  iiiri)nililiiilif()niii,  supra  liiiea  iiiiprt^ssa  partitu;  Hecuuilo  diiplo 
latiorn,  uiargine  lell^xo;  anteiiiiiH  ultra  4'"  articuliuu  Hujira  iiigiis;  nli^ 
feiTUgineis,  lVe(iu«iiler  i-yimoscciitilHis. 

Variiit,  Vertice,  ini'sonoto,  thorate  subtus,  alid.  sogmentia  basi,  iiigris  ; 
segtnt'iitis  flavo-limtiatis;  corpore  flavo  luaculato. 

^.  Miuor;  tlypuo  polygoiiali,  llavo ;  antoiuiaiuiu  UMuiiio  ferrugiueo. 

9  .  Total  Iciigtli,  22  mm.  ;  wing,  17  mm. 
^  .  Total  length,  18  mm. ;  wing,  I',]  uim. 

9.  Insect  very  stout,  wide  and  depressed.  Labial  palpi  com- 
posed of  four  articles;  the  fourth  quite  small;  the  nui.xillary,  of 
his.  articles,  the  2d  and  :{d  long  and  slender;  the  last  three  snnill. 
Clyi)eus  pyriform,  wide,  punctured,  nifering  two  little  obtuse 
niammillie;  its  inferior  nuirgin  thinnecl,  armed  w'lvn  two  littlo 
separated  liimellatc  te(;th.  IJetweeu  the  antenmu  is  a  transverse 
carina,  almost  forming  a  little  tubercle.  Thorax  strongly  de- 
pressed, very  wide,  much  wider  than  high,  wider  than  the  al)do- 
nien.     Scutellum  and  post-scutel  Hat  ami  depressed;  nietathorax 


NOUTUNIA. 


141 


rounded ;  its  cheeks,  not  dilated,  separated  by  a  cavity  without 
distinct  margin;  on  each  side  of  njctatiunax,  the  lateral  edge  is 
quite  distinct.  Head  narrower  than  thorax.  Abdomen  strongly 
retracted  at  the  base  of  the  second  segment ;  the  first  subpedicu- 
lutc  at  the  base,  and  suddenly  enlarged,  i)arted  by  a  feebly  exca- 
vated line  near  its  border;  secontl  segment  and  often  the  third 
having  their  border  feebly  upturned.  Head  and  thorax  shining, 
wholly  cribrose  and  throughout  bristling  with  a  thick  tonientose, 
orange,  or  ferruginous  pile.  The  punctures  are  a  little  separated 
and  tlie  nietathorax  hardly  rugose,  but  shining  and  punctured, 
like  the  rest  of  the  thorax.      Abdomen  velvety,  satin-like. 

Insect  ferruginous ;  some  varying  black  colors  in  the  sutures 
of  the  thorax  and  on  th.e  vertex.  Antenna)  black  above,  beyond 
the  fourth  article.  Mesothorax  often  black  with  two  ferruginous 
lines,  either  arcuate  or  terminating  with  a  hook.  Base  of  the 
abdominal  segments  often  blackish  and  their  border  often  yellow. 
Legs  ferruginous  with  the  tarsi  yellowish.  Wings  ferruginous, 
washed  with  gray,  with  their  terminal  border  margined  with 
brown,  and  brilliant  with  beautiful  golden  reflections.  Wings 
ferruginous  or  grayish,  with  purple  reflections. 

% .  Smaller ;  offering  nothing  very  striking'in  form,  the  thorax 
not  being  inordinately  wide  as  in  the  9;  puncturation  a  little 
stronger.  Face  oilering  a  little  vertical  cariiui,  which  extends  to 
a  little  frontal  tubercle  on  the  clypeus  ;  nietathorax  more  rugose, 
garnished  with  a  pile  of  gray  hair;  body  a  little  .less  hirsute, 
thorax  shorter;  abdomen  more  slender;  the  first  segment  more 
lengthened,  almost  |)yriform  ;  more  strongly  punctured. 

Clypeus  yellow,  polygonal  ;  its  inferior  border  with  two  little 
separated  teeth.  Hook  of  the  antenme  ferruginous  ;  ori)ils  often 
bordered  with  yellow,  scape?  e*"  the  antenna;  often  yellow  beneath. 
Face,  vertex,  mesothorax,  and  middle  of  nietathorax  ofton  black; 
border  of  the  secon<l  and  third  segments  strongly  ui)turned;  all 
the  abdominal  segments  bordered  with  yellow.  Wings  subhya- 
line  or  amber  colored  or  smoky,  with  violet  reflections. 

Var.  9%. — a.  The  thorax  underneath  black;  abdomen  either 
ferruginous  or  having  the  segments  bordered  with  yellow. 

6.  Black ;  mandibles,  lip,  a  spot  beneath  the  antennte,  and  a 
line  behind  the  eye,  yellow;  prothorax  ferruginous,  with  a  yellow 
mark  in  the  middle  ;  two  dots  on  the-scutel  and  post-scutel  yel- 
low; nietathorax  ferruginous  ou  both  side,  with  its  inferior  edges 


142 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


yellow ;  border  of  segments  1-3  yellow,  the  following  fernijriiious; 
the  sides  of  the  .second  segment  chestnut-brown  or  ferruginous. 
(Cordovn.)     The  color.s  are  very  viiriahlo. 

c.  (Highly-colored  livery.)  Forcdieud  and  vortex  black,  with  a 
yelluw  spot  between  the  antcnnie.  Thorax  blackish  or  black, 
with  the  prothornx,  two  lines  on  the  mcsothorax,  two  spots  or  a 
band  on  the  .scutcl,  and  the  sides  of  metathorax,  rufous;  post- 
seutel  yellow.  The  llr.st  abdominal  segment  blackish,  with  two 
rufous  .spots,  or  a  band,  and  the  hind  margin  yellow ;  the  rest 
of  the  abdomen  brown-rufous,  with  yellow  margins.  Feet  black 
at  base.  Wings  smoky,  of  a  blackish-yellow  with  a  golden 
reflection. — %,  Clypeus  yellow,  with  a  rufous  shading. 

lic>,».  a.  diff. — The  females  are  remarkable  for  the  flatness  of 
the  scutels  and  of  metathorax  ;  for  the  separated  punctures  and 
the  body  hirsute  with  tawny  hair  almo.st  as  among  the  hairy 
insects.  As  regards  color  this  exactly  resembles  the  Odi/Herus 
tubercttliceps,  and  approaches  very  much  the  Monlezumia  Jirasili' 
ensis  and  macrocephala  in  form  and  in  the  ferruginous  color. 

Jfab.  The  hot  and  the  temperate  regions  of  Mexico.  I  havo 
taken  diverse  specimens  of  this  interesting  insect  in  the  valley  of 
Meztitlan  (^eastern  Cordillera),  at  Morelia,  and  at  Pazcuaro 
(Michoucan). 

Gen.  RII¥!VCi:    '  '^I  Latr. 

Hi/gchiiim  SiMXOLA,  Latk.,  Say,  Lep.,  St.  l>ARa. 
Rhyuchiiim  Sauss. 

This  genus  is  so  unnatural,  that  if  one  did  not  feel  the  necessity 
of  separating  as  nuiny  sjx'cies  as  possil)le  from  the  large  genus 
Odi/neruH,  I  should  luive  abandoned  it. 

Indeed  the  lihi/nr/iiiim  only  difl'cr  from  the  Odijnerus  by  their 
larg<!  size,  in  the  conical  form  of  the  abdomen,  and  in  the  length- 
ening of  the  maxillary  palpi,  (tf  which  the  second  and  third  joints 
are  long  and  slender,  while  tht;  last  three  taken  together  are  not 
longer  than  the  third.  IJut  this  latter  charncter  seems  to  accord 
rather  with  the  largo  size  of  the  insect  than  with  its  peculiar 
form  Several  Odi/neri  have  a  tendency  to  this,  as  for  instaneo 
the  O.  luiluoiius,  which,  however,  differs  in  having  the  first  seg- 
ment shrunken  and  the  abdomen  not  conic.  \Vc  cannot  say, 
therefore,  wliere  the  g(!nus  is  to  i)e  limited. 

As  to  the  eoiiic  form  of  the  abdomen,  it  is  met  with  in  a  great 


OnVNEUUS. 


143 


niinibor  of  spceios  of  triu'  (tih/nrriis,  of  which,  however,  the  l)al- 
l)uliir  urticuliitums  diiuiiii.>li  (jiiile  reguluily  in  sizo  from  liio  lirsl 
to  the  liflh  ((>.  lntnc(Uu/<,  O.  tiasidens,  t'te.),  so  that  this  forma- 
tion is  not  sullifieiit  to  characterize  tho  genus. 

Tiie  tnu;  Rlnjndiium  belong  espoeially  to  Afiieu.  1  Iviiow  in 
America  but  one  .sjyeeies  wliieli  eun  figure  in  tliis  group  ;  it  is  the 
Ith.  (lurKule  Fab.,  but  oven  tliis  species  lui.s  not  eiitircHy  tlie  same 
palpi  witii  tho  Jlhipichium,  for  tho  iu.st  tliroe  articles  uro  too  large 
and  tho  third  is  relatively  too  short.  The  Oili/nernii  luctuosiiH 
might,  from  its  palpi  ligure  us  well  in  the  genus  llhi/nvhium,  as 
tiie  Jill,  domale,. 

]}eside  this,  if  tho  smallness  of  the  last  three  and  tho  lengthen- 
ing of  the  second  and  third  jjulpular  joint  should  separate 
generic-ally  the  insect  so  distinguished,  it  would  be  necessary  to 
form  (piito  a  corresponding  genus  of  the  great  African  and  Asiatic 
Eume.neH  (vide  Saussure  A'cspida;,  I;  i)l  iv,  fig.  2,  b),  and  sepa- 
rate g(!nerieally, y".  i.,  the  L'.  conirus  from  the  J^.  rnnuijiisfalKS^ 
which  would  bt;  an  impossibility.  I  see,  therefon*,  no  need  of 
adopting  the  gi-nus  lihynchium  in  the  description  of  tho  Ameri- 
can fauna,  the  utility  of  doing  which  appears  tho  loss  as  it  would 
only  free  tho  genus  Odynervn  from  one  species.  1  have  conse- 
quently left  this  species  in  the  latter  genus.' 


1.  RIl.  dorsale  Fabk. — (^VUh  OJynerns  ilorsnlis,  p.  257). 


/  0  - 


Qea.  ODYIVERL'M  Latr. 

Abdomen  sessile  or  subsessile.  Labial  palpi  4-articulato. 
MajciUary  jjalpi  G-articulate.  ])fandiblex  elongate,  as  in  IJn- 
vtenes,  more  or  less  toothed.  The  second  cubital  cell  not  petio- 
lato. 


This  genus  may  be  di.stinguishod  by  its  elongated  mandibles  and 
sessile  abdomen.  In  numerous  species,  however,  tho  abdomen  is 
subpedunculatc,  that  is,  the  first  segment  is  rather  funnel-shaped, 


'  In  vny  Studies  on  the  Familii's  of  llic  Vis/iidip  I  also  descriln^d  as  nn 
American  niii/nrliimn  tlin  lilt,  limhn/iim,  j).  11",  -7;  pi.  xv,  tig.  l:i  (not  9). 
nut  )!iis  type,  now  in  my  possfss'on,  in  consi'ipience  of  th«  aoiiuisition  of 
tliH  coliection  of  the  iato  M.  de  Rr.mand,  app»*ars  to  nie  incoittestabl/ 
Asiatic.     Like  many  others  in  this  colicctiou,  it  bore  a  wrong  label. 


144 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[pAUr  I, 


l)ut  novor  na  much  petioluttMi  s  in  Eumem's,  the  base  only  of  the 
lirst  .segment  being  slender,  ,  at  nil,  while  its  extremity  always 
envelops  tlie  base  of  the  2tl  segment.  The  form  of  the  different 
parts  of  the  body  is  (piite  variable.  The  thora.Y  is  short  or  elon- 
gate, nngulate  or  rounded,  the  abdomen  may  bo  thiek  or  slender, 
quite  eonical  and  sessile  or  sessile  and  not  conieal,  but  ovate  and 
eylindrieal ;  it  beeomes  also  subpetiolate,  the  lirst  segment  being 
more  eup-shapitd  or  campanulate.  The  abdomen  is  pIso  often 
attenuated  ant(!riorIy  and  posteriorly,  whieh  makes  it  spindle- 
shaped,  etc.  Several  of  these  forms  make  transitions  to  other 
genera.  In  Odynerns,  as  in  all  the  genera  with  more  or  less 
sessile  r^  Jomen,  the  styliform  appendages  at  tiie  end  of  the  poste- 
rior til)i!e  arc  not  as  much  developed  as  in  the  petiolate  genera. 
The  exterior  spine  of  the  hinder  femora  is  always  small.  The 
(hlifnrrus  are  distinguished  :  from  Alaator  by  their  wings,  which 
have  the  2d  cubital  cell  not  petiolate  upon  the  radial  cell;  from 
riernchilus  by  their  labial  palpi,  comparatively  small  and  not 
pectinate  or  f<'athery;  from  Moutczumia  by  a  different  facies  and 
by  the  composition  of  their  palpi;  from  Monubia  only  by  the 
formation  of  the  palpi. 

It  is  to  Xorlonia,  that  these  insects  have  the  most  similarity. 
They  differ  by  their  less  petiolate  abdomen  (really  not  petiolate) 
and  by  the  emarginate  or  variable  metathorax,  which  in  Norlonia 
renniins  as  in  Enmown,  convex  and  stubbed. 

Nevertheless  it  would  be  difficult  to  set  a  distinct  limit  between 
Odynerus  and  the  most  closely  allied  genera.    ==  Ex.: — 

I'rnnaitions  to  Ahutor. — In  most  species  of  Odynerus  the  2d 
cubital  cell  has  a  little  radial  edge  whieh  makes  it  very  distinct 
from  Alaator,  but  in  some  intermediate  types  the  2d  cubital  cell 
becomes  (piite  triangular,  only  touching  the  radial  cell  with  its 
anterior  angles.  This  is  really  quite  a  transition  to  Alaslor,  but 
we  keep  the  intermediate  types  in  the  genus  Odynerus,  reserving 
for  the  genus  Alaslor  only  the  species  in  which  the  2d  cubital 
cell  is  distinctly  petiolate  upon  the  radial  cell. 

Transitions  to  Pterocfnlus. — In  the  subgenus  Epipona,  the 
thorax  becomes  short  and  rounded,  the  abdomen  oval  and  de- 
))ressed.  The  whole  insect  assumes  quite  the  appearance  of  a 
Flcrochilus  and  can  only  be  distinguished  by  its  normal  labial 
palpi. 

Transitions  to  Monobia. — As  said  above,  the  two  genera  can 


ODYNEllLS. 


145 


only  be  (listiiif?iiisli(Ml  l)y  the  coiiiposition  of  tlic  palpi,  wliicli  ar»^ 
not  4-  and  (l-jointcd  in  Monuhia,  as  in  (fili/ncn(». 

IVansitions  to  Montezumia. — A  few  Odyncri  take  the  appear- 
ance of  Montezumia,  tiie  first  abdominal  sej^nient  beeoniiiij?  (piite 
funnel-shaped  (0.  tdpu'.naix,  etc.).  Jn  this  cast-  they  can  only  be 
distinguished  by  the  examination  of  the  palpi.  Ikit  in  general 
the  fades  is  very  dilfcrmt  in  Odynerus. 

Transitionft  to  Norfonia. — A  nund)er  of  Odynerus  have  the 
abdomen  subpetiolate,  the  fir.st  alxhuninal  sej^ment  becoming 
elongate.  This  is  especially  the  case  in  the  species  of  the  sub- 
genus Odyneriiit,  Division  llijjmlynerus.  These  form  a  regular 
transition  to  Nortonia,  and  arc  only  distinguished  by  their 
appearance  and  more  angulate  nietathorax  ;  the  first  segment  has 
also  a  more  triangular,  depressed,  and  gil)I)ons  form,  not  being 
funnel-shaped  in  the  saiiu'  way.  In  Koi'louia  it  is  jiropeily 
funnel-shaped.  In  JIi/podi/nfriiH  a  sort  of  petiole  only  is  fornnd 
i)y  the  (Ulterior  face  of  the  lirst  aljdoiiiinal  segment.  Norlonia  is 
(piite  intermediate  between  (hli/neruH  and  J-Jintwiies,  while  J/i/po- 
dyneniii  (piite  connects  itself  with  Odijnrruit  by  decided  traiisi- 
tion.s,  and  has  the  thorax  very  diiferent  from  Eumenen.  Indeed 
in  Nortonia  the  petiole  cannot  be  doubted  when  the  abdomen  is 
elevated;  while  in  JL/pUli/ncni,^,  when  the  abdomen  is  raised, 
the  anterior  face  of  the  first  segment  is  ajijtlied  against  the  meta- 
thorax  and  fits  against  it,  and  one  can  only  see  the  upper  f'ac(!  of 
the  .segment,  which  is  rpiite  trausverse  and  which  causes  the 
abdomen  to  ap])ear  quite  sessile. 

Though  it  is  not  possible  to  define  a  trenchant  limit  between 
Nortovia  and  Oilipierus,  yet  as  the  most  changeable  types  arc 
not  American,  it  would  l)e  superfluous  to  insist  upon  this  point. 

Gi'ogra])/iical  didribiUion. — The  genus  Odi/ncrus  is  much  the 
greatest  among  the  Yespidic,  and,  in  a  philosophical  point  of  view, 
one  might  take  it  for  the  stem  of  the  family. 

Judging  by  the  numerous  speeies  which  have  been  found  in  the 
countries  already  explored;  by  the  number  known  in  North 
America  and  in  Eurojie ;  1)}' the  numerous  species  which  have 
resulted  from  my  rtjsearches  in  Mexico  (although  I  could  only 
give  to  it  very  little  time),  and  by  what  other  travellers  have 
brought  from  various  parts  of  the  world,  it  is  beyond  doubt  that 
there  exist  more  than  a  thousand  species  of  Odynerus,  and 
10 


14G 


nYMKN(trTKllA   OF    AMEllICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


Hcrliiips  iH'iirly  doubk'  tliis  miinhcr,  for  there  is  no  n'},'ioi»  of  the 
ghil)»'  which  <h)t's  not  oiler  an  uljiinihince  of  lliose  inseels. 

Thcrfforc  iho  pnispect  of  the  future  lends  ii.s  to  see  riche.s 
whieh  I)}'  their  very  aljundiinee  will  bring  the  entomologist  to 
desperation  in  keeping  the  gttnus  Odynerus  out  of  a  general  ehaoH. 

Among  the  so  various  forms  of  this  group,  some  are  chiirac- 
teristie  of  general  zoological  groups,  \vhi(;h  form  natural  suhdivi- 
Kions  of  the  genus.  These  forms  present  themselves  on  several 
continents  and  are  not  peculiar  to  all  the  species  of  one  continent. 
Other  forms  are,  on  the  contrary,  so  to  speak,  mere  geographical 
impressions,  which  belong  to  particular  region.s  of  the  glolic, 
which  stamp  their  character  upon  all  the  sjx'cics  of  those  locali- 
ties, through  all  the  genera,  but  are  not  to  be  founil  in  other 
countries. 

Examjilcs  of  modification  in  the.  fir hI  way. — (General  zoolorji- 
cat  modification,  special  to  one  or  several  genera,  but  not  peculiar 
to  one  country.) 

a.  The  nuMJification  of  the  first  segment  of  the  abdom(>n.  taking 
a  transverse  sutun*  (sul)g(tnus  Anciatroccriis  and  Si/niiiiorfi/ms) 
is  to  be  found  on  the  whole  glol)e.  It  forms  quite  a  zoological 
group,  repeated  in  Odijnerus  and  in  Alastor. 

I).  The  modilication  of  the  antenna)  of  the  males  simple,  not 
taking  a  terminal  hook.  This  is  to  bo  found  amid  the  Odi/neri 
with  a  sntural  lirst  segment,  in  Si/niniorjdins.  'J'he  Siniiiiior/i/nin 
are  spread  over  the  norlheru  hemisphere,  mixed  up  with  Udyncri 
having  hooked  antenna). 

('.  This  sam<i  character  of  the  %  antenna)  destitute  of  a  hook 
appears  also  in  the  trite  Odi/neri,  where  it  forms  the  division 
rachodi/nerux,  but  in  those  insects  it  i.s  air<'ady  a  more  geogra- 
phical character,  for  the  Pachodynerus  is  a  special  American  type 
spread  over  the  new  continent,  and  is  jtarticiilarly  abundant  in 
the  central  parts.  But,  though  tpiite  Anu'rican,  it  is  not  exclu- 
sively a  geographical  group,  for  in  America  it  i.s  mixed  with 
Odyneri  of  other  groups. 

This  same  character  also  presents  itself  and  much  in  the  same 
way  in  the  genus  A'i/»(f,'/)c.s  where  it  forms  the  Division  Oniicroii, 
resuming  the  species  with  simple-  %  antenna)  ajid  has  just  the 
same  geographical  type  as  rachodynerus,  being  only  American, 
but  also  mingled  iu  America  with  the  hooked  Eumenes.     This 


ODYNEKLS. 


147 


cliaraotrr  is  a  rocrulnr  zonlnprif  iil  (nio,  for  it  advances  together  with 
a  tliiclv  ami  siiort  thunix  in   Joth  genera. 

/'^.lamjiles  of  Ihc  sccon  t  vvulijiiaUoo. — (Local  geographical 
nioilKication,  not  i»eouiiar  to  one  or  several  genera,  but  quite 
Hj)e(Mal  t«t  OIK!  country,) 

II.  As  a  very  striking  cxi  niplo  in  this  way,  one  could  not  choose 
better  than  in  tlie  group  of  Cliilian  ^'cs^»i(he.  This  forms  quite 
a  renmrkable  collection  of  speiicv'-v  all  having  tlie  same  very 
striking  appearance.  Indci.'d,  all  the  Chiii-Mi  A'cspidie,  to  what, 
ever  genus  they  belong,  have  the  vsame  peculi<.r  livery;  bluck, 
with  long  black  hair  and  whitish  ornaments;  with  ru.'bus  or  black 
feet,  rufous  wings  obscure  at  the  ape.x.  This  livery  (with  its 
varieties)  is  so  striking,  that  one  may  at  the  first  look  distinguish 
a  Chilian  species,  ami  this  faeies  is  to  be  found  in  all  the  genera, 
Odj/ncrus,  GaijeUa,  Ctenorhilus,  Alastor,  etc.  The  form.s  of  the 
body,  although  quite  varial)Ie,  are  also  very  characteristic  in  their 
appearance.  In  the  Chilian  true  Odyncnis  they  even  become  so 
very  peculiar  that  we  have  been  forced  to  make  for  them  the 
Division  /Iijjwili/nerun.  Nevertheless  this  is  not  projjcrly  a 
Koo!ogi<'al  group,  as  it  is  again  found  in  all  the  genera,  but  is 
evidently  oidy  a  stamp  of  the  country  which  every  species  of  any 
genus  seems  to  receive  when  it  has  the  citizenship  of  that 
country. 

I).  Tile  species  which  populate  the  continuation  of  the  same 
region  in  the  north,  that  is,  the  occidental  side  of  the  Andes  of 
Ecuador  and  New  Granada,  have  also  a  peculiar  faeies,  still 
similar  to  that  of  Chili,  but  more  approximate  to  the  common 
type  of  Odynerus.  They  arc  still  hirsute  with  long  black  jdle, 
black-velutinous,  but  the  ornaments  are  golden-yellow;  the  wings 
are  lu)  longer  ferruginous.  The  same  character  is  also  apparent 
in  other  genera  (f.  i.  rarhi/mcnes  ventrico^ia). 

r.  In  the  Antilles  the  Odyneri  are  more  marked,  and  lime 
common  forms.  They  taki;  a  rich  livery,  with  numerous  orange- 
yellow  bands  and  spots.  The  same  modilication  nmy  be  noticed 
in  all  th(!  other  genera  of  Vcspidie  in  this  region,  even  In  the 
social  wasps. 

(/.  In  the  Mexican  regictn  there  are  to  be  found  tyjies,  with 
dull  rufous  cohu's  and  with  the  margin  of  the  2d  obdominal  seg- 
ment channelled  and  rellexed ;  the  Slenoibjiierus  become  quite 
al)undunt,  with  a  velutinous  body  (O.  huasteciis,  otomitus,  etc), 


143 


IIYMENOITKIIA   OF    AMERICA. 


[I'ART  I. 


or  very  cloiif?al<',  imkt'il,  wiili  white  oniamnits  (totuiiarns,  chi- 
rhimecus,  etc.).  Hul  nuuioruus  Hpoeies  liuvo  ulsu  the  uorami 
roniLS. 

e..  In  the  T^nitfd  Stiitcs,  oriciilal  side,  the  (hlyiwri  ami  all  the 
Vespidu5  tak»;  the  suiae  chunutorri  a.s  in  Kurupe,  as  to  I'Dnusj  unil 
coloration  ;  except  that  the  wiujfs  are  more  ol)scure. 

./'.  In  the  prairies  of  the  .'^i  uthwest,  the  colors  grow  pule;  the 
i)lack  passes  into  I'errnginon.'i. 

(J.  On  the  occidental  coa.st  the  yellow  ornaments  hecomo 
bright  sulphur-yellow  and  cxtcMid  over  a  gn-at  jiart  of  the  body. 

'rhese  consitUu'ations  of  the  geography  «)f  the  .species,  and  con- 
versely on  tlic  niodilieations  which  follow  their  diHtril)Ulion,  have 
been  too  mucli  negleeteU  \\\»  to  this  day.  They  havt^  a  high 
importance  in  the  .study  of  the  origin  of  species,  and  they  reijuirc 
the  attention  of  entomologists,  who  alone  can  fix  tlicni,  for  only 
those  who  have  much  to  d(»  with  numerous  insects  can  make  the 
frequent  and  minute  observations  which  enable  one  to  generulizu 
rules  of  any  value.  And  if  entomology  does  not  do  its  share  in 
helping  to  elucidate  the  (pu^stions  of  natural  philos()i)liy,  it  will 
be  a  mere  anu:scmeut  of  amateurs  and  will  fall  to  the  lowest  rank 
of  the  science. 

Clatitiijication. — Notwithstanding  the  vastncss  of  the  genua 
Odynerus  and  the  various  forms  which  it  oQ'ers,  one  cannot  well 
arrange  its  species  according  to  Sections,  which  are  easy  to  dis- 
cover. This  results,  first  from  the  multiplicity  of  the  transitions 
which  almost  iiKScnsibly  al!y  each  form  with  several  others,  and 
often  conduct  from  one  form  to  another  in  various  ways;  it  results 
also  from  the  multitude  of  details  of  form  which  make  their  appear- 
ance in  the  same  scries,  creating  a  great  perplexity  in  subordi- 
nating the  characters  to  a  .system.  Far  from  being  able  to 
establish  large  divisions,  to  be  subdivided  according  to  a  regular 
succession,  one  gets  lost  in  nunilicrless  details  and  exceptions 
which  quite  disorganize  the  subdivisions,  so  that  it  can  only  l)e 
defined  by  loose  indications  in  which  the  reader  becomes  lost. 
This  I  must  say  for  excuse,  if  I  have  not  given  better  character- 
istics. 

The  evil  would  be  perfectly  irremediable  in  a  general  system 
of  the  Odyneri,  in  which  the  complication  would  become  quite  a 
sort  of  chaos,  as  each  continent  possesses  its  series  of  special 
forms,  with    numerous  ramifications,  beside   the  general  series 


0UYNKU18. 


149 


common  to  most  jiiirt?  of  ilic  jrlolx'.     The  fvil  is  mncli  los  if 
tiio  tauiiu  of  OIK-  cuiitiiit'iit,  only  is  ('(iii^itiiTtMl. 

The  only  jrroii|i,s  uiiicli  ciin  lio  well  (Icfiiicd  iirr  tlic  four 
8ul));i>iitM'a  uliici)  Wesiiiiicl  lias  i'ltlicutod  and  wiiifli  wo  liav 
adopted  in  oiir  MtudeH  Hur  la  FaniilU^  des  VenpidcH.'  Tlufso  siil)- 
jTciicra  \\i'  arc  ohliyrod  to  siilxlivido  a^raiii  to  justify  tlu!  arrange* 
niciit  of  the  spi'cies,  l)iit  it  is  prudent  tu  say  tliat  llies(>  subdivisions 
are  very  artilieial,  am!  that  mie  must  not  trust  too  niiieii  to  tim 
delinitioiis  of  lliein,  l)eeaiisu  of  tlie  dillleulty  f  involving  in  tlieiii 
ail  tlio  oxeeptioiial  forms,  as  well  an  of  K'^'"t»  "•  ^f"^'  desoriptioii 
of  the  details  of  the  forms. 

Det'ntilton  «/  the  nHhiif^fn. 

A.  Fir«t  abdominal  fl«»Rnient  parted  hy  n  transvHrrte  Ruture. 

(I.  FirHt  alxldininnl  .-c^nient  ratlicr  fiiiiiiel-sliaiii'd,  ])artHd  hy  n  d(>fp 
lnnf!!tiidiiial  ^moovis  aiituniia;  of  tl.  iiialt'S  siinpl.-,  that  Is,  witlioiit 
a  tcniiilial  Iidok.  .S'l/m/nwryiAi/s, 

l>.  First  ftlidoniiiial  fit'cniHiit  triiiicnt«  at  l)aHt',  not  part»*d  \>y  a  deep 
loiigitudiual  groove;  aiiteiiiiu<  of  tiiM  iiialu.i  toruiiiiated  hy  a  liook. 

Ancistrurcrus. 

B.  First  atidoniiiial  fiHcmeiit  witli  no  tran:<THr8«  flutitre. 

c.  Thorax  inom  <ir  less  tsquare  anteriorly  ;  ahdoiiien  conieal,  oval-conical 
or  spiiidit'-sliaiied.  OdijinruK. 

d.  'I'liorax  iiioro  ^lobtilar  or  oval,  round»»d  posturioriy,  not  very  snuare 
anteriorly.  Abdoiueii  oval,  Hiibse-is:ii*,  inore  or  lesii  deprcHscd,  h.iving 
th«  same  form  as  in  Ptcrochilu*  (sublentionlar).  Kpijxmut. 

The  last  two  fsoctions  ratlnr  overlap  each  other;  those  preecd- 
ing  are  nmr*'  defined  and  easier  to  distinguish.  All  of  the  four 
subgenera  are  represented  iu  North  Anieri<'a.  The  4th  is  the 
only  oni-  which  has  not  yet  been  diseovered  in  South  Aineriea. 
Although  these  groui)8  are  not  nharply  defined,  their  respeetive 
representatives  can  bo  easily  distingui.shed  by  the  eye,  if  one  is 
thoroughly  familiar  with  their  faeies.  The  only  very  embar- 
rassing types  are  those  which  unite  Odynerus  with  Epipuuus,but 
they  are  not  American. 

Deterninialinn  of  ihf  speciett. 

We  must  here  say,  that,  the  most  important  si)eeific  eharaotcrs 
of  the  Odyneri  being  in  the  metathorax,  the  in.seets  must  be  pre- 
pared with  the  abdomen  bent  downward,  so  as  to  leave  the  hinder 


»  Comp.  this  work,  vol.  I,  p.  118-121. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


// 


1.0 


I.I 


I.2j 


I  ^  Ilia 

^  lis  llliio 


1.8 


14    III  1.6 


V] 


<^ 


/2 


7 


% 

% 


^e>: 


y 


Hiotographic 

Sciences 

CoFDoration 


m 


\ 


« 


V 


;\ 


<^ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


1 

- 
■V 


.'< 


t& 


mc 


I 


■  •} 


150 


IIYMENUI'TKIIA    OF    A.MKUICA. 


[part  I. 


iihi 


face  of  nictathorax  quito  free,  and  with  the  wings  removed  side- 
wise.  If  not  prepared  in  tin's  way,  it  is  iinpossil>le  to  determine 
ti\em  with  eertainty.  Before  all  things,  one  mnst  thoroughly 
acquaint  himself  with  the  caaracters  of  the  metathorax,  which  I 
will  briefly  repeat  for  this  purpose.* 

In  the  most  characteristic  type,  the  metathorax  is  truncate, 
together  with  the  post-scutel ;  its  hinder  face  is  excavated,  and 
the  excavation  or  hinder  plate  is  angulate,  forming  on  each  side 
a  lateral  dentiform  angle.^  The  concavity  is  also  margined  with 
sharp  ridges. — The  ridges  running  from  the  lateral  angles  up  to 
the  angles  of  the  post-scutel  arc  the  auperior  edges ;  the  ridges 
running  from  the  lateral  angles  down  to  the  articulation  of  the 
aI)domen,  are  the  wferior  edges. — Beside  these,  there  is  a  third 
sort  of  edge  placed  on  the  lateral  faces  of  metathorax,  running 
from  the  lateral  angles  to  the  base  of  the  posterior  wing;  these 
are  the  lateral  edges.  There  should  be  no  confusion  between 
the  superior  ridges,  wMch,  seen  from  behind,  may  also  be  taken 
for  lateral  ridges.  The  superior  edges  are  often  rather  elevated, 
and  at  their  superior  extremities  are  separated  from  the  post- 
scutel  by  a  little  fissure  or  by  a  notch.  These  characters  become 
more  and  more  effaced  in  the  series  of  species  until  the  meta- 
thorax becomes  quite  convex,  rounded,  destitute  of  ridges,  except 
on  the  lateral  edges,  which  nearly  always  continue,  more  or  less. 
The  superior  ridges  become  less  salient,  no  longer  making  a  sort 
of  tooth  behind  the  post-scutel;  they  then  become  blunted  (0. 
dorsalis)\  or  quite  effaced  {0.  sulfureus,  2)7'atensi.s)  ;  finally, 
also,  the  lateral  angles  disappear.  In  another  series  the  mar- 
gins of  the  hinder  plate  of  mesothorax  are  quite  arcuated,  and 
there  are  no  lateral  angles,  although  the  margins  are  very  sharp 
{0.  Megsera,  tiirpis,  etc.)  ;  but,  nevertheless,  the  same  names  can 
be  applied  for  the  superior  and  inferior  part  of  the  marginal 
ridges.  These  circular  margins  also  become  more  and  more 
blunted  (().  molestus),  until  the  metathorax  becomes  quite  con- 
vex, rounded,  as  in  the  preceding  case  (0.  leucomelas).  In  some 
cases  the  lateral  ridges  are  continued  with  the  inferior  ridges, 
the  superior  ones  being  eff'aced,  etc.     (Numerous  Slenodyneri.) 


'  I  have  noticed  this  in  my  Etufles  sur  la  Famille  des  Vespides,  vol.  Ill, 
p.  184;  pi.  xii,  fig.  1,  "-,  3. 

2  Compare  Oilyn.  Ilidalgi,  Boscii,  dorsalis,  nasidens,  Cubensis,  capra,  etc. 


ODYNKIIL'S. 


151 


In  conclusion,  I  must  add,  that  in  most  cases  it  is  inipossii)le 
to  (lotorniino  a  species  in  tliis  large  getius  with  certainty,  if  it  is 
not  represented  by  more  or  less  numerous  specimens,  because  the 
forms  of  the  nicsothorax  are  more  or  less  varialjle  in  the  same 
species.  One  must  also  make  the  determination  upon  females, 
the  males  l)cing  less  distinctly  characterized.  They  must  be 
separated  by  the  eye  to  their  respective  females. 


Subgenus  SYMMORFHUS'  Wesm. 

Body  lengthened.  Abdomen  subsessile,  the  Jirnt  segment  funnel- 
shaped,  carrying  a  strong,  transverse  suture,  and  divided 
on  its  superior  face  by  a  deep,  longitudinal  groove.  Antennae 
thick ;  those  of  the  males  simple,  ivilh  no  terminal  hook. 

The  insects  which  enter  into  this  group  inhabit  Europe  and 
America.  They  ail  present  quite  a  similarity  in  form,  wiiich  is 
the  reason  of  their  name.  Their  body  is  more  or  less  slender; 
the  clypeus  is  rounded,  a  little  hollowed;  the  thorax  is  lengthened, 
smooth,  but  traversed  in  all  its  length  \)y  two  arcuate  grooves  ; 
the  post-scutel,  the  metathorax,  and  often  the  first  segment  of  the 
abdomen  are  rugose;  this  last,  while  it  is  funnel-shaped,  is  also 
truncated  anteriorly  before  the  suture  and  is,  in  consequence,  less 
petiolate  than  in  the  Nortonia.  One  notices  among  these  insects 
a  particular  marking ;  the  3d  abdominal  segment  often  loses  its 
))ordcring,  while  the  4th  preserves  it,  and  among  the  females  the 
clypeus,  while  it  does  not  become  wholly  black,  takes  at  the 
summit  a  yellow  medial  spot  and  not  two  latcn'al  spots  as  mostly 
in  Anci.'itrocerus. 

The  insects  of  this  group  are  very  easily  distinguished  i.^  joir 
first  abdominal  segment  iwovided  with  a  suture  and  dividet'  by 
a  longitudinal  groove.  They  share  this  character  with  the 
Nortonia  only — the  short  thorax,  the  rounded  metathorax,  the 
more  pediculate  abdomen,  and  the  absence  of  the  suture  of  the 
first  segment  of  which,  suffice  for  a  distinction. 


'  In  my  Etudes  sur  la  Famille  des  Vecpides  (T.  Ill,  p.  l^fJ),  I  liave 
substituted  the  name  of  Protodynerus  for  that  of  Syramoi-phus,  under  the 
belief  that  the  name  Symiiiorpha  had  been  employed  during  the  same 
.year.  But  as  the  two  terms  are  not  absolutely  identical,  it  seems  best  to 
me  to  piuserve  the  so-well-chosen  name  which  Mr.  Wesmael  proposes. 


152 


IIYMKNOJ'TKUA    OF    AMEIUCA. 


[part  I. 


One  iiiitls  in  Aniorica  and  in  Europe  sonic  coi'rexjjomling 
spoeies,  so  to  speak,  wliich  reproduce  in  eaeli  country  the  same 
fonus  and  tlie  same  distribution  of  colors. 


a.  Sef/me7its  1-4  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with  yellovK 

1.  S.  If  alsliiailll8  n.  ^p. — Niyer,  puiictatus,  gracilis,  postscutello  ct 
luetaiicto  rugosis  ;  luesonoto  sparsf,  scutello  crassius,  abdominis  priino 
segmento  grossH,  punctatis ;  puiicto  frontali  et  post-oculari,  maiuiiis  2 
pronoti,  2  sentelli  et  utriiique  1  subalari,  tegulis  abdominisque  segnieu- 
torum  1-4  limbo,  flavis  ;  tibiis  et  tarsis  llavis  ;  alia  fusco-nebjilosis. 

y.  Macula  iu  summo  clypeo  flava.  *f  /    ,  '  . 


Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  10  ram. 


ill 


9. 
form 
base 


Of  a  larger  size  than  the  0.  PMladelphise,  but  of  a  similar 
Clypcus  bideiitate,  punctured,  and  rugose  toward  the 
Thorax  less  lengthened  than  in  tiio  species  cited  above. 
Prothorax  finely  rininied  but  not  bidentate.  Head  and  thorax 
quite  densely  punctured ;  the  punctures  effaced  on  the  summit 
of  the  mesothorax,  which  bears  only  some  scarce  punctures  and 
which  is  traversed  by  two  grooves  in  its  whole  length.  Clypeus 
cribrose  with  points  which  are  coarser,  but  separated  and  few, 
indistinctly  divided  by  a  groove.  Post-scutel  and  raetathorax 
very  rugose ;  the  first  presents,  on  its  anterior  border,  a  feeble, 
rugose,  divided  projection,  which  does  not  extend  as  far  as  the 
angles.  Plate  of  the  nietathorax  strongly  rimmed  but  not  biden- 
tate. Abdomen  shining.  The  first  segment  coarsely  cribrose 
above  with  large  punctures  and  divided  by  a  groove;  its  suture 
very  strong;  the  first  moiety  of  the  2d  segment,  its  extremity, 
the  3d,  and  the  4th,  punctured. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  short  grayish  pile.  A  spot  on 
the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  a  mark  between  the  antenna),  a  little 
point  behind  the  summit  of  the  eyes,  an  interrupted  lino  on  tlie 
scape  of  the  antenna;,  two  spots  on  the  prothorax,  one  beneath 
the  wing,  two  on  the  scutellum,  and  the  border  of  the  segments 
1-4  yellow;  the  bordering  of  iho  first  two  a  little  festooned, 
especially  that  of  the  first,  which  is  a  little  enlarged  in  the  middle. 
Wing  scale  yellow,  with  a  testaceous  point.  Legs  black;  knees, 
tibia),  and  tarsi  yellow;  the  last  article  of  the  tarsi  brownish. 
Wings  smoky,  with  light  violet  and  golden  reflections. 

The  markings  are  of  a  golden  yellow. 

%.  Unknown. 


^^ 


l.A 


(  fuPV 


ODYNERUS. 


153 


Eess.  a.  diff. — This  species  diirors  from  the  0.  Philadelphiue 
in  its  greater  size,  its  more  coniiik'te  iiiarl<iug,  the  3(i  scgiiH'iit 
of  the  abdomen  being  bordered  with  yelluw  ;  in  its  yellow  wing 
scales,  tibia),  and  tarsi,  in  its  tliorax,  less  lengthened,  and  not 
bidentate  upon  its  anterior  angles ;  in  a  slightly  diil'erent  pune- 
turation. 

One  could  say  tliat  the  0.  Walxhianus  is  the  American  repre- 
sentative of  the  O.  gracilis  Wesm.,  an  entirely  corresponding 
species  of  Europe,  a'though  smaller,  and  more  oriianitMited  with 
yellow,  having  a  more  slender  thorax  and  a  bidentate  protluirax. 

The  O.  Walshianus  is  quite  intermediate  between  the  0.  cras- 
sicornis  and  the  0.  graciliff,  both  in  the  forms  and  size,  but  its 
yellow  markings  are  less  extended,  as  may  be  observed  in  general 
of  the  American  spcc'es. 

It  differs  from  the  O.  pumilus  in  its  greater  size,  in  its  hvss 
slender  form,  in  its  prothorax  which  is  not  bidentate,  in  its  first 
abdominal  segment  which  has  the  superior  face  twice  as  wide  as 
long,  etc. 

JIab.   The  United  States.     Illinois. 

I  possess  but  one  female,  sent  by  Mr.  Benj.  D.  Walsh,  to  whom 
I  dedicate  the  species.  , 

6.  Segment/!  1,  %,  4  of  the  abdomeit  bordered  with  yelloto.  '\^'''~  ^  •v'C   ♦  ^  "^ 

3.  S.  PtlilackelpUiaD  Sauss. — Niger,  punctatus,  giacilior,  post-scutello 
et  metanoto  rugo.sis ;  abdominis  primo  segmeiito  valde  puiictato ;  rt^iquis 
nitidis;  pancto  fiontali  et  post-oculari,  maculis  2  pronoti,  macula  sub- 
alari,  maculis  2  scutelli  et  abdominis  segmentorum  1',  2',  4'  limbo,  llavis  ; 
tegulis  nigris;  tibiis  flavo-variis. 

9.  Clypeo  nigro  frequenter  macula  flava;  %.  Clypeo  flavo,  mandibulis, 
llnea  in  scape  autennarum,  et  5'  segment!  limbo,  flavis.  ^-. 

Odijn.  Philadelphioi  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  272.  '  "^''[T 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8.5  mm.  /'  o-» 


cX 


'J 


/ 


^■'■:\ihy 


9 .  In  form  very  slender  and  lengthened.  Clypeus  rounded, 
convex,  i)unctate,  hollowed,  and  distinctly  bidentate.  Tliora.x 
nT«'!h  lengthened;  prothorax  rimmed,  its  angles  a  little  salient: 
mesothorax  traversed  in  its  whole  length  l)y  two  strong  grooves; 
its  anterior  part  punctured,  like  the  prothorax;  the  remainder  of 
the  disk  smooth,  finely  punctured ;  scutellum  smooth,  divided  by 
a  large  groove;   post-scutel  and  metathorax  very  rugose;    the 


154 


UYMKNUl'TEUA   OF    AMERICA. 


[PAIIT  I. 


L/' 


first  ffjrriiiiifjj  a  little  ruj^ose  crost ;  tlio  trench  of  this  last  bordered 
with  trt'iiciiuiit  iiiul  rugose  ridges.  Abdoiiieii  very  slender;  the 
first  segment  lengthened,  funnel-shaped ;  its  upper  face  as  long 
as  wide,  rather  coarsely  punctured,  divided  by  an  indistinct 
groove;  the  suture  strong,  arcuate.     The  other  segaieutj  smooth. 

Insect  black.  A  spot  at  the  summit  of  clypeus,  another 
between  the  antenna;,  a  dot  behind  each  eye,  two  spots  on  the 
prothorax,  one  below  the  wing,  two  on  the  scutellum,  and  the 
border  of  segments  1,  2,  4,  yellow.  Tarsi  ferruginous  beneath; 
tibiie  marked  with  yellow  at  the  summit;  the  anterior  pair  yel- 
low. Wings  transparent,  a  little  washed  with  browu.  Wing 
scales  l)lack. 

la/',  a.  Spot  on  the  clypeus  very  small, 

b.  Clypeus  wholly  black. 

%.  A  little  smaller.  Clypeus,  rounded  and  bidentate,  pale 
yellow;  mandibles  yellow  before,  bordered  witli  black;  a  yellow 
line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenna3 ;  extremity  of  the  flagellum  a 
little  ferruginous  beneath.  The  yellow  dots  of  the  head  and 
thorax  small;  that  under  the  wing  sometimes  wanting.  A  yel- 
low border  upon  the  5th  segment.  Tibiie  yellow;  tarsi  yellow, 
gray  at  the  extremity.     Groove  of  tlie  first  segment  deeper. 

liess.  a.  diff. — This  species  greatly  resembles  the  0.  sinuatus 
Fabr.,  although  its  markings  are  less  rich.  But  its  first  abdomi- 
minal  segment  is  much  less  coarsely  punctured  and  the  dividing 
groove  much  less  pronounced.  It  differs  from  the  O.  pumilua  in 
its  much  greater  size,  in  its  first  segment  being  less  rugose,  and 
in  its  different  ornamentation. 

Ilab.  Xorth  America.  Pennsylvania.  New  York.  Canada. 
Prairies.     Fort  Tejon.     California.     6  9 ,  1  S . 


3.  S.  albomarginatiis  Sauss. — Niger,  punctatus;  metanoto  rugoso; 
abdominis  priiiio  segmeuto  grosse  pnnctato,  sutiira  elevata;  ptincto  inter 
anleniias  et  frequenter  altero  in  suramo  clypeo,  raaculis  2  pronoti,  2 
scuteili,  pijucto  .subalari  abdoniinisque  segnientorura  1-4  inarginibuSj 
albidis;  tibiis  albido-variis ;  tarsia  subtus  ferrugineis.  Alls  hyaliuis. 
Longit,  9  nun. 

Variat.  Abdominis  tertio  segmento  baud  marginato. 

Odi/nerus  alhomarginutna  Sa0SS.  Et.  Vespides,  III,  1854,  195,  90,  9 . 

Hah.  America  borealis,  Hudson's  Bay.    (Typu&in  Mas.  Lon- 
.dinensi.)     Connecticut.     (Ed.  Norton.) 


^1     . 


1 


ODYNERUS. 


155 


c.  Segments  1,  2  onli/,  of  the  ahdomen  bordered  with  yellow. 

4>  S.  debilis  n.  sp. — Niger,  punutatus,  maxiiue  ttlougatus,  gracillimus; 
postscutello  et  luetauoto  rugosis;  hoc  luaxiiue  ponu  post-scutellum 
producfo ;  abdominia  primo  seguiento  elougato,  grosse  puuctato,  siilco 
valde  diviao;  puncto  froiitali  «t  poat-ooulari,  punotis  2  scutelli,  macula 
subalari  sulfureis ;  abdominis  segineutoruin  1',  2'  fascia  inarginali  snl- 
furea,  secunda  intorrupta ;  tibiis  basi  sulfureia;  alia  h>ralinia,  teguiia 
fusco-uigris.     9  • 

Total  length,  8.5  mm. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

?.  Small  and  extremely  sleiuler.      Form  much  lengthened. 


<o 


Head  large,  higiier  tlian  wide;  antonme  inserted  nutably,  belowA  T 
the  niiddle  of  its  height.  Clypeus  widely  and  not  deeply  hol- 
lowed, siibbideiitate,  a  little  rugose  toward  the  bottom.  Head 
finely  punctured.  Thora.x  vary  long;  prothorax  punctured, 
finely  rimmed,  forming  on  each  side  a  very  small  tooth.  Meso- 
thonix  and  clypeus  little  punctured;  this  last  divided  by  a  very 
large  groove.  Post-scutel  and  nietathorax  very  rugose;  the  first 
flattened  obliquely,  bordered  before;  tlie  second  .utromjh/  pro- 
longed behind;  its  concavity  oblique,  strongly  hemmed,  especially 
toward  the  top  a  little  striate. 

Abdomen  very  long  and  slender.  The  first  segment  of  a 
lengthened  funnel-sliapc.  longer  than  wide,  its  suture  very  strong, 
a  little  angulatc  in  the  middh;;  its  surface  very  coarsely  punctured 
and  divided  by  a  wide  and  strong  groove.  Tlie  remainder 
smooth.  Insect  of  a  shining  black;  a  spot  between  the  antenna?, 
a  dot  behind  each  eye,  two  spots  on  the  prothorax,  one  beneath 
the  wing,  two  dots  on  the  seutellum  and  the  marginal  belt  of  the 
first  segment  of  the  al)doineM,  sulphur-yellow ;  the  2d  segment 
ornnmented  with  a  yellow  border  (sometimes  interrupted),  which 
is  almost  wanting  beneath.  Legs  black.  Tibia;  and  anterior 
tarsi  and  the  superior  moiety  of  the  tibite  of  the  other  pairs,  yel- 
low;  tarsi  ferruginous.  Wings  transparent,  a  little  brown  on 
the  side  about  the  stigma.     Wing  scales  brown  or  black. 

Var.  On  the  4th  segment  a  trace  of  a  border  and  at  times  a 
dot  at  the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  yellow. 

% .  Unknown. 

Bess.  a.  cliff. — This  little  species  differs  essentially  from  the  0. 
Philadelphiue  in  its  more  slender  form,  in  the  heiid  being  higher 
than  wide,  in  its  much  prolonged  nietathorax,  in  its  more  rugose 
first  segment,  its  very  much  more  decided  suture,  and  in  the  yel- 


SccT: 


150 


IIYMENOPTEUA    OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


1/ 


/ 


(/ 


low  livery  of  its  abtloinon.  It  clostily  reciill.s  the  O.  fji/ascinfjiH 
Fabr  ,  ulthuugli  its  liftul  is  luuToWer  uiul  its  clypcus  more  oiiiiir- 
j^inate.  It  also  closely  npproaeht-a  the  (>.  dehilifatus  8uuss., 
vvliifh  has  nearly  tho  same  form  of  lioad,  but  which  in  less  slender 
and  has  the  thorax  especially,  umch  more  stronjjly  spiuose. 

Hah.  United  States.     Connecticut.     Wisconsin.      Illinois. 

I  owe  this  interesting  species  to  tho  kindnussi  of  JNlr.  Edward 
Norton  and  Mr.  B.  I).  Walsh. 

5«  S.  iiuiiiiliis  Saus.s. — (Jracili.s,  niger,  nitidus,  tenuitcr  punotatua  ; 
prouoto  biiviiguliito;  post-Huiitello  et  niHtaiioto  rui{osi.<;  illo  postio  ex- 
cavato,  antice  pauliim  altiore  et  ntt'lnqiiu  in  lateribus  cariiuila  luiigi- 
tudinali  luaigimito;  hoc  profande  exopvato,  foveola  ulevato-margiiiata 
iustruc  to ;  mesonoto  valde  sulcato ;  scuteilo  sulco  valde  partito ;  abdomi- 
nis  pn  JQO  segmeuto  elongato,  sutura  valde  promiuula  instructo,  snperne 
TUgosis.sime  puactato  et  sulco  obsoleto  diviso;  segiiicnti.s  reliquis  niti- 
dissimis ;  puncto  frontali  et  post-oculari,  maculis  2  prouoti,  2  scutelli, 
puucto  subalari,  limboque  Kegmentoiiim  abdominis  omnium,  llavirf  ; 
(segmentorum  3-5  fascia  uudulata  sulnnargiuali);  pedibua  nigris,  tibiis 
tarsisque  flavis ;  alis  hyalinis,  venis  ferrugineis. .  %  .  Clypeo  rotundato, 
bldentato;  luandibulis  et  scapo  antioe  fascia  flava.     Lougit,  9  mm. 

Oclijn,  pumilus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  1854,  197,  93. 
Hab.  Peru.    (The  author's  collection.) 

6.  S.  cristatlis  Sadss. — Sat  parvus,  niger,  0.  murnrio  formis  similis ; 
metanoto  rugoso  ;  al)dominij  primo  segmento  sat  gros.se  punctato,  sutura 
elevata,  secuiidp  l.atiore,  basi  punctato  ;  puncto  frontali,  maculis  2  pro- 
noti,  fascia  interrupta  scutelli,  macula  subalari,  flavin  vel  rufis ;  abdo- 
minis segmentis  1,  2,  4  sulfureo  limbatis  ;  tibiis  tarsisque  ferrugineo- 
variis;  alis  hyalinis,  veuis  fuscis,  radio  ferragineo.     $.    Long.  9  mm. 

Odi/nerus  cristatus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  196,  92,  J  . 

Hab.  North  America. 

This  species  appears  to  me  to  be  very  nearly,  if  not  wholly 
identical  with  0.  Philadelphiae. 

•y.  S.  Canadensis  SAnss. — Parvulus,  niger,  gracilis,  rugosus ;  puncto 
frontali,  maculis  2  pronoti,  2  Bcutelli,  macula  subalari,  abdominisque 
limbo  segmentorum  1',  2'-,  4',  flavis;  tegulis  fuscis;  capito  intlato, 
autennis  infere  insertis;  abdominis  secundo  segmento  angusto,  vix 
latiore  quam  primum;  alis  hyalinis,  apice  fuscescentibas.  9  •  Longit, 
8  mm. 
Cdyneruf  canadensis  Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  19G,  91,  9* 

Hab.  Canada. 


ODYNEIIUS, 


lot 


This  species,  like  the  preceding,  has  not  been  descrilicd  with 
SLitKcient  precision  to  be  recognized  witli  certainty,  until  the 
uuinber  of  species  has  been  iiugiuented.  It  uppeur.s  to  be  very 
near  to  the  O.  debilis  in  the  Ibrm  of  its  head  and  abdomen. 


Subgenus  ANCISTROCERUS  Wesu. 

The  first  abdominal  segment  divided  by  a  transverse  sidure; 
its  superior  face  {situated  behind  the  suture)  not  divided  bij 
a  deep  groove.    Antennse  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  hook. 

This  subgenus  includes  insects  of  variable  forms,  in  which, 
although  they  are  very  hard  to  deline,  we  can  distinguish  four 
principal  types.     These  are  mere  divisions  of  the  subgenus. 

A.  The  second  cubital  cell  of  the  wing  havinr/  a  ilislinct  radial  side. 

a.  Form  rather  depressed,  more  chubby;   the  upper  face  of  the  1st 
abdominal  segment  transverse.  Ancistrocerus.^ 

b.  Form  rather  cylindrical,  more  slender. 

*  Tiie  hinder  face  of  the  metathorax  more  or  les.^  excavated ;  the 

border  of  the  excavation  rough  or  rounded.  Stenaucistmcertis. 

**  The  hinder  face  of  the  metathorax  having  a  deep  round  cavity, 

surrounded  by  a  very  sharp  circular  ridge.  IlyiHinciKtroccrus. 

B.  The  second  cubital  cell  of  the  wing  triangular,  quite  contracted  mx  its  radial 
side,  but  not  petiolate.  Ancistroceroides. 

Division  ANCISTROCERUS  (properly  speaking). 

Sacbsure  Et.  Vespides,  I,  Section  1,  a,  p.  135  ;  b,  p.  139. — III,  Section 

1,  p.  216. 

Abdomen  qnite  depressed,  sessile ;  its  first  segment  truncate 
anteriorly  so  as  to  show  two  faces,  one  anterior  and  one 
superior;  its  two  faces  distinctly  separated  by  the  suture;  the 
superior  one  forming  a  wide  sfjuare  or  a  transverse  band.  This 
segment  short  and  wide.  Thorax  flattened  above ;  disk  of  the 
mesonotura  offering  at  its  base  two  longitudinal  grooves. 

The  insects  of  this  series  have  their  form  rather  depressed  than 
cylindrical.  They  are  generally  rather  wide,  but  are  sometimes 
slender;    the  thorax  is   somewhat  cubical,  although  generally 


'  The  div'iion  Ancistrocerus  is  also  to  be  distinguislied  by  the  fact,  that 
the  yellow  margin  of  the  first  segment  is  a  band,  either  regular,  or  widened 
on  the  sides,  while  in  the  others  it  is  generally  either  regular  or  narrowed 
on  the  sides. 


158 


HYMENOl'TEBA   OF    AMElllCA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


loiigthoiied  and  rather  fluttout'd  ubovf.  Tlio  clypcus  is  pyriforin 
aiiioiig  Iho  feiiialnH,  but  i.s  usually  wide  or  wider  tliuii  long ;  its  ex- 
tremity terminates  in  a  little  Ijorder,  (;liaiinelled  hy  a  small  trench 
whieii  often  makes  it  ajtpear  bidentate;  among  the  males  it  is 
polygonal  and  bidentate.  The  disk  of  the  niesothorax  ofl'ers  two 
or  four  grooves  on  its  hinder  part.  Above  all  tho  mctathorax  is 
very  characteristic.  It  is  a  little  oblique.  Its  posterior  plate 
always  presents  an  excavation,  which  is  divided  by  a  vertical 
carina.  The  post-scuteliuni  is  truncate,  at  times  subcrenulate, 
but  its  trench  never  coincides  with  that  of  the  nietathoracic 
fossette.  The  abdomen,  always  depressed  and  sessile,  has  an 
ovalo-conic,  never  flatly  conic  form.  It  is  at  times  velvety,  never 
coarsely  punctured,  except  perha})s  on  borders  of  the  segments. 
The  first  segment  is  wide,  cut  squarely  and  shortly  above. 

In  fine,  even  when  the  form  is  nmch  lengthened  (0.  tig7'is),  the 
general  appearance  is  preserved,  the  body  being  rather  flattened 
than  cylindrical.  In  this  group  the  males  are  quite  variable. 
Among  certain  species  they  nearly  assume  the  size  of  the  females. 
Among  others  they  are  very  much  smaller  and  vary  endlessly  in 
form,  so  that  one  can  scarcely  refer  them  to  their  females,  but 
by  a  series  of  groupings. 


Table  to  assist  in  the  determination  of  the  species  of  Ancistboceeds 
(principally  based  upon  the  females). 

1.  Wings  fusco-violaceous. 
2.  Margin  of  second  segment  smooth  ;  post-soutel  black. 

11.  Spinolce, 

2,  2.  Margin  of  second  segment  rough  ;  post-scutel  yellow. 

24.  unifasciatus. 
1, 1.  Wings  subhyaline  or  smoky. 

2.  Margin  of  the  second  segment  reflezed 
3.  Color  rufous,  vertex  tuberculate. 

3,  3.  Color  black,  argenteous. 
2,  2.  Margin  of  the  second  segment  not  reflexed. 

3.  Abdomen  and  antennae  mostly  yellow. 
3,  3.  Abdomen  and  antennae  mostly  black. 

4.  Metathorax  with  two  long  spines ;  angle  of  prothorax  dentate. 

19.   Clarazianus. 

4,  4.  Metathorax  with  short  spines  or  not  dentate. 

5.  Thorax  black,  body  velvety. 

6.  The  first  abd.  segment  not  margined  with  yellow. 

23.  Parredesi. 


26.  tuberculiceps. 
29.  Aristce, 

27.  Sutterianus. 


0DYNERU8. 


159 


9.  (I Villi (/u It 9. 

22.  citKjulutiis. 

16.  Santa-Anua, 

25.  campestris. 


6,  6.  The  firrtt  alxl.  segniHiit  margined  with  yt'llow. 
7.  'I'woyt'ilow  fiiHuiiuoii  tlieabilouieii.    28.  jiilosiis. 
7,7.  FivH yellow  las(!i(B oil  tiieahdoiuen.    IH.   Si/lreinr. 
6,5.  Thorax    blauk,  with   yellow  or   lutuouH  oniaiueuta ;    body 
sericeous  or  Hhiiiing,  uot  velvety. 

6.  Abdomen  with  2  yellow  or  luteouH  fnsiiiffi. 

7.  Body  very  coarsely  inuiotate,  posterior  margin  of  pro- 

thorax  luteons.  21.  conspiniHu. 

7,  7.  Body  not  vM-y  coarsely  punctate ;  anterior  margin  of 

prothorax  yellow. 
8.  ro.st-Houtel  black. 

8,  8.  I'ortt-ticutel  yellow. 
6,6.  Abdomen  with  3  yellow  fasciae. 

7.  Fo.st-siutel  black. 
7,  7.   Tost-scutel  yellow. 
6,  8,  6.  Abdomen  with  4  or  5  yellow  fasciae. 

7.  Thorax  cubic,  short. 

8.  Two  yellow  spots  on  the  second  segment. 

20.  hirenimaculatua. 

8,  8.  No  yellow  spots  on  the  second  segment. 

2t>.  f  biretiimaailatus, 

17.  \  Bustamentl. 
7, 7.  Tliorax  more  elongate. 

8.  Metathorax  with  sharply  defined  border. 
9.  Post-scutel  black. 

10.  f  copra. 
14.  I-  adidbatus, 
10, 10.  Ornaments  white.  12.  albop/iuleratus. 

9,  9.  Post-scutel  more  or  less  yellow 
10.  Body  normal. 

11.  Color  gray,  sericeous 


10.  Ornaments  yellow 


11, 11.  Color  black,  shining. 

10, 10.  Body  slender,  elongate. 
8,  8.  Metathorax  rounded  behind. 


18.  Sjilveira. 

15.  j  fastidinsusculus. 

13.  i^  Catskillensis. 

8.  tigris. 
25.  campestris. 


I.  Metathorax  having  itn  concavity  angulate,  bordered  all  around 
by  trenchant  edges  (Sect.  I,  a,  Saitss.  Vespides,  I,  135). 

(Group  of  0.  parietnm  Linn.) 

Among  these  insects  tlie  metathoracic  cavity  has  a  polygonal 
form,  determined  by  its  angnlate  edges.  The  medial  carina 
divides  the  fossette  into  two  equal  parts,  which  can  be  compared 
in  form  to  two  coupled  pentagons.  Their  angles  often  make  on 
each  side  a  sort  of  tooth  (which  is  variable  among  individuals  of 


too 


IIYMENUITKIIA    OF    A.MKllK'A. 


[I'AllT  I. 


tlio  saino  spooic^,  ra  it  Imppciis  to  l)o  inon;  or  less  (lovclopi'tl) ; 
uikI  at  tlic  stiiiiniit  two  other  toctli  sfparuUMl  at  tl.j  pdst-sciitcl 
l»y  a  sort  of  frroovo  or  wiilc  li.ssunv  Tin;  concavity  is  in  f^ciicrul 
punctured,  Imt  is  often  striato  in  llie  middlo  or  toward  tlie  hase. 

Tile  AnaixfroceruH  of  tliis  division  aro  very  common,  ijotli  in 
Europe  and  Xortli  America;  one  can  even  find  corresjwniliiKj 
ti/prn  aniouj?  the  Hpeeics  nnalo^jouH  to  tlie  two  countries.  How- 
ever, I  iiave  never  ujet  the  same  identical  species  n\nn\  tiie  two 
continents. 

Here,  as  in  other  solitary  wasp.s,  the  American  species  an; 
generally  less  ornamented  with  yellow  tliiui  the  lOuropean  ;  the 
bands  are  narrower  and  the  win^rs  liave  i  much  frreater  tendency 
to  i>nss  into  lirown-violet.  In  short,  tlie  American  types  have  a 
more  sober  appearance. 

A.  Form  lengthened,  slender. 

8.  A.  tigrls  Sauas.— Sat  luinuturi,  iiipcr,  puuctatUB,  gracillimus;  meta- 
iioti  fuvuola  subrugo-sa,  acute  marginata,  utriuqae  iuJuuteni  uxciiiitiiite, 
niargiuibua  reotis  ;  puncto  in  basi  mandibularmn,  J  uiaculis4  in  clyjiuo, 
pnncto  fiontali  et  post-oculari,  linea  in  scapo,  fascia  bilobata  pionoti, 
niiicula  Hubalari,  2  scutelli,  post-scutello  et  abdoiiiiiiis  sHirnieiitoruiu 
inaryiuibus  auguste,  tibiis  tarsisque,  tlavis ;  autouni.i  sublux  t'errugi- 
neia  ;  alls  hyaliiiis,  apice  fusco  nebulosLs. 

?0(li/n.  (ItcdnleiLi  IIarui.^  Cat.,  18.33,  p.  r)89,  nndescribed. 
O'li/ii.  tigri.'i  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  273. 
?0(l:/ii.  perlina.r^  Sauss.  Et.  Vespides,  III,  18.')4,  216,  108,  %. 
Odyn.  cervun  Sauss.  Rev.  Zool.,  X,  1858,  165. 

9.  Total  length,  11  mm.;  wing,  8  mm. 
% .  Total  length,  8  mm. ;  wing,  (J  mm. 

9.  Small.  Form  very  slender,  much  lengthened,  but  de- 
pressed, not'  cylindrical.  Clypeus  pyriform ;  coarsely  punc- 
tured, terminated  by  a  little  border,  hardly  concave,  but  appear- 
ing at  times  as  if  bidentatc,  because  of  a  black  and  shining 
depression.  Thorax  much  lengthened,  prothorax  scarcely  re- 
tracted before,  edge  delicately  upturned;  its  angles  not  .<5pinose. 
Anterior  portion  of  mesothorax  often  presenting  a  little  smooth 
line  and  the  posterior  part  two  grooves.  Scutel  flat.  Po.st- 
scutel  arcuate  on  its  posterior  border.  Metathorax  having  its 
hinder  plate  clearly  marked,  its  surface  dull  subrugose,  formed  of 
two  plane   inclosures   of  a   pentagonal   shape,    very   angulate, 

I  Small  male,  not  easy  to  determine. 


vile^  ^»^ 


/  )\  (yiA^iiJ 


VK 


(>i\.  <rK  'v 


£^, 


OlIYNEUUS. 


I'll 


bordorcd  by  vcu'y  sliiir|)  and  treni'lmiit  ridj?«.-i,  not  iirciiutc,  but 
straif^ht  and  furiiibi^'  on  facii  side  an  auutu  sspiniforni  aiif^l);.  Tin; 
latoro-supcjrior  borders  ol'tlu!  phito  aro  struij^lit,  waliont,  tcrniiiuitod 
al)ovo  by  an  eh^vation  wliicli  is  separated  from  tlic;  post-seutc!  by 
a  kind  of  notch  or  fi'cbh!  lissnre.  Upon  tlic  sides  of  tli((  inota- 
thorax,  tlio  ridj,^o  is  i)rolonj?cd  by  a  wido  and  indistinct  furrow 
(in  other  words,  tho  hitoro-supcrior  faces  of  the  nictalliorax  are 
feebly  and  widely  ciiannelled  alonj?  tho  edj^o  which  bonh-rs  the 
posterior  si(h.') ;  tho  superior  medial  ridjicH  wldch  form  tlie 
re-entering  angle  are  less  stronjjiy  pronounced.  Ab(b)inen 
depressed.  Head  ami  thorax  densely  cribroso.  Superior  faco 
of  the  nietatliorux  very  rugose. 

Insect  black.  A  spot  at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  another 
upon  tho  front,  a  point  behind  the  ey(!s,  tho  anterior  border  of 
the  prothorax,  a  spot  below  the  wings,  the  p(jsterior  border  of 
the  jjost-scutel  and  two  spot.s  on  tho  posterior  border  of  the 
scutelhnn,  yellow.  Clypens  either  with  four  yellow  spots,  or 
yellow  with  a  black  S(piare,  or  bordered  with  yellow.  Aiiteiinic 
black,  ferruginous  beneath,  with  a  yellow  line  upon  the  seapiv 
Segments  of  the  abdomen  all  ornamented  with  a  regular  yellow 
border;  the  borders  of  3d  and  4th  often  very  narrow  and  tho  5th 
wanting.  Feet  black,  tibiaj  and  tarsi  yellow,  these  h;st  often 
;)rangc.  Wings  transparent,  washed  with  brown-violet  toward 
the  end  ;  wing  scales  yellow,  with  a  brown  dot. 

%.  Smaller,  having  the  form  equally  slender,  although  the 
thorax  may  be  shorter.  Coloration  the  same,  but  in  general  the 
border  of  tho  scutcllum  presents  but  two  yellow  dots,  while  the 
post-scutel  is  black,  or  also  marked  with  two  yllow  points. 
Head  large;  eyes  much  swollen;  clypeus  lengthened,  pentagonal, 
terminated  by  two  teeth,  entirely  yellow,  as  well  as  the  mandibles. 
Angles  of  the  prothorax  dentiform.  Legs  entirely  yellow,  the 
femora  at  times  marked  with  black  above;  coxse  spotted  with 
yellow.  Antenna?  very  large  and  vuri/  thick,  orange  beneath, 
terminated  by  a  ferruginous  hook,  or  they  are  wholly  ferruginous 
upon  the  last  two  articles. 

Observation. — There  exist  some  quite  singular  differences  in 
the  form  of  the  males.  In  general,  the  thorax  is  less  length- 
ened than  in  tbe  9.  The  teeth  ani  metathoracic  ridges  are 
also  subject  to  vary  within  certain  limits,  being  often  blunted. 
When  the  last  segments  of  the  abdomen  are  retracted,  the  insect 


11 


I 


102 


HYMKNOPTEUA    OF   AMERICA. 


[I'Aivr  I. 


loses  its  slender  appearance.  The  first  segment  of  the  abdomon 
is  often  quite  strongly  punctured  and  even  sometimes  divided  l)y 
a  groove.  We  possess  many  males  of  very  small  size  (length 
G-t  mm.)  and  quite  slender,  taken  by  Edward  Norton  in  the 
environs  of  New  York  and  in  Massachusetts,  which  offer  very 
slender  yellow  markings,  and  in  which  the  mctathoracic  ridges 
are  quite  blunted.  One,  however,  recognizes  them  by  their 
enlarged  antonnaj,  yellow  beneath  at  the  extremity.  With  this 
species  the  bordering  of  the  prothorax  is  narrow,  a  little  bilobed, 
terminating  in  a  j)oint  on  each  side.  Sometimes  the  metatliorax 
is  but  little  ungulate,  while  the  superior  ridges  are  also  more 
arcuate. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  recognized  by  its  form,  very 
slender  and  elongate,  but  yet  different  from  that  of  0.  fulvipes, 
in  that  the  thorax  is  flattened  above  and  the  abdomen  beneath, 
as  with  the  0.  capra  and  its  congeners,  not  cylindrical  as  with 
the  0.  fulvipes  and  its  neighbors.  In  its  livery  it  resembles  the 
O.  campestris,  but  is  distinguished  from  it  by  its  very  much  more 
slender  form,  by  the  very  sharp  ridges  bordering  the  nietathorax, 
by  the  first  segment  having  the  border  not  enlarged  upon  the 
sides,  etc.  The  very  small  males  could  be  easily  confounded  with 
those  of  the  0.  Fhiladelphiae,  but  can  be  easily  distinguished 
from  them  by  the  wide  and  short  form  of  the  superior  face  of  the 
first  segment  and  by  the  absence  of  its  great  longitudinal  groove. 

Hah.  The  United  States.  Canada.  (Lake  Supc.ior.)  Con- 
necticut. New  York.  Pennsylvania.  Illinois.  Louisiana.  The 
Prairies.    (Fort  Tejon.)    (U  9,  10  ^  ) 


9.  A.  ambiglllis  Spin. — Niger,  punctatus ;  metanoto  riigoso,  excavato, 
acute  marginato,  utrinque  angulato  ;  an  tennis  subtus  rufis  ;  pronoti  niar- 
gine  antico,  macula  subalari,  et  scutelli,  abdominis  segmentorutu  1',  2' 
margine  postico,  luteis ;  secundo  subtus  basi  tuberculato ;  ali.^  rufes- 
centibus,  apice  griseis,  tegulis  flavo-marginatis ;  %  clypeo  flavo,  tibiis 
et  tarsis  ruiis  ;  scutello  et  pleuris  nonnunquam  immaculatis. 

Odyn.  ambiguus  Spin.,  Gay's  Hist.  fis.  de  Chile,  Zool.,  VI,  264,  9  (1851) 

9  .— Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  140,  23,  9 . 
Odyn.  Bustillosi  Sa0.ss.,  Gay's,  Chili,  ibid.  567, 10,  -J  . — Sadss.  Vespides, 

I,  141,  25,  %  ;  III,  205. 

9.  Total  length,  9.5  mm. ;  wing,  6.5  mm. 
'^ .  Total  length,  7  mm. ;  wiug,  5.5  mm. 


ODYNERUS. 


163 


Small,  black;  head  and  thorax  densely  punctata.  Head 
rounded  ;  the  antennte  inserted  a  little  lower  than  the  middle  of 
face.  Clypeus  rounded,  convex,  slightly  bidentate  at  the  apex ; 
angles  of  prothorax  sharp.  Post-scutel  transverse,  a  little 
elevated,  rounded  and  rough.  Metathorax  roughened  above ;  its 
posterior  face  excavated,  with  sharp  edges,  and  bidentate  on  oaeh 
side;  the  lateral  too^h  or  angle  placed  rather  lower  than  the 
middle  of  the  metathorax;  the  excavation  smooth.  Abdomen 
very  little  punctured;  the  first  segment  anteriorly  truncate  and 
smooth  ;  the  suture  angulate  ;  the  upper  face  with  shallow  punc- 
tures and  parted  by  a  slight  groove ;  second  segment  slightly 
constricted  at  base,  tuberculate  at  base  beneath. 

Antennaj  ferruginous  beneath.  A  little  dot  behind  the  eye, 
anterior  edge  of  prothorax,  a  spot  below  thp  wing,  the  posterior 
margin  of  scutel,  and  of  the  first  two  abdominal  segments, 
sulpliur-yellow  or  whitish.  Wings  subhyaline;  the  costal  part 
and  base  washed  with  ferruginous. 

9.  Clypeus  more  triangular,  strongly  cribrose,  black.  Wing 
scale  yellow,  with  a  brown  spot.  Feet  black ;  tarsi  and  anterior 
tibiae  rather  ferruginous  beneath. 

Var.  Clypeus  with  an  interrupted  yellow  band  and  two  yellow 
spots  or  with  yellow  spots  only. 

% .  Clypeus  yellow,  tenuously  margined  with  black.  Hook  of 
the  antenna;  very  small.  Knees,  tibia;,  and  tarsi  ferruginous. 
Spot  under  the  wing  small.  Wing  scales  black,  margined  with 
yellow.     The  yello\v  fascise  of  scutel  narrow  or  interrupted. 

Var.  No  spot  under  the  wing ;  scutel  entirely  black,  mandibles 
passing  into  a  pale  color. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — The  male  rather  differs  from  the  female,  so  that 
I  first  thought  them  to  be  different  species ;  however  I  have  no 
doubt  as  to  their  identity,  having  been  able  to  compare  8  9,9^ 

Hah.   Chili.     In  the  woods. 


B.  Form  still  lengthened,  but  less  slender. 


10.  A.  capra  Sausr. — Validiis.  ttracilis,  nifrwr,  punctatns ;  antennis 
siibtiis  ferrugineis,  scapo  fascia  flava  ;  nietannti  foveola  polita,  punctata, 
acute  marginata,  per  carinam  divisa,  aiigulata,  %  utrinque  in  dentem 
lateralem  ezoarrente ;  clypei  maoulis  2  vel  4,  puncto  frontali  et  post 


164 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   iiMERICA, 


TVART  I. 


/a 


ocnlari,  macula  subalnri,  punctis  2  acutelli,  pionoti  margine  et  abdomi- 
nis vittia  4  vel  5,  '^  6,  tibiiijque  sulfureis. 

9  •  Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wing,  13  mm. 
^  .  Total  length,  14  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

Odynerus  capra  Sauss.  Rer.  Zool.,  IX,  1857-  273. 

Form  quite  slender  as  with  the  0.  unifasdatus,  but  of  larger 
size.  Head  and  thorax  cribrose  with  moderately  dense  punc- 
tures. Clypeus  widely  pyuform,  convex,  punctured,  terminated 
by  a  border  almost  straight,  but  impressed  and  Fmooth  in  the 
middle,  so  that  it  even  appears  a  little  bidentate.  Head  and 
thorax  densely  punctured.  Vertex  offering  at  times  a  double 
impression  toward  the  middle  of  the  posterior  border.  Thorax 
lengthened ;  angles  of  the  prothorax  feebly  indicated ;  metathorax 
having  two  or  four  longitudinal  grooves.  Post-scutel  large,  a 
little  truncate,  but  without  any  sharp  ridge,  slightly  bossed,  and 
cribrose  with  punctures  as  far  as  the  trench ;  metathorax  rugose ; 
its  posterior  part  wide,  shining,  punctured,  and  bordered  all 
around  by  a  salient  cordon  which  forms  at  the  summit  two 
distinct  angles  and  upon  each  side  an  angle,  at  times  subdenti- 
form;  this  plate  beyond  divided  by  a  medial  carina  into  two 
pentagons.  Abdomen  a  little  depressed,  finely  punctured,  more 
distinctly  upon  the  1st  segment  and  on  the  border  of  those  fol- 
lowing, but  the  borders  not  channelled  nor  upturned ;  the  first 
segment  distinctly  truncate,  its  suture  very  salient ;  its  superior 
face  trapezoidal,  as  with  the  0.  unifasdatus,  but  wider  and 
shorter. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  grayish  or  ferruginous  pile,  A 
spot  at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  two  arcuate  spots  on  the 
summit  of  the  clypeus,  a  dot  on  the  front,  and  another  behind 
each  eye ;  two  triangular  spots  forming  a  bilobate  border  on  the 
prothorax  terminating  in  a  dot  upon  each  side ;  a  spot  beneath 
the  wing  and  two  upon  the  scutellum,  yellow.  Antennae  black, 
with  the  flagellum  beneath  ferruginous  or  yellow,  and  carrying  a 
yellow  line  upon  the  scape  before.  Wing  scale  spotted  with 
black,  with  brown  and  witli  yellow.  Abdomen  shining;  its  seg- 
ments 1-4  or  1-5  regularly  bordered  with  yellow.  Feet  black; 
tibiae  yellow,  at  least  above ;  tarsi  brown  or  ferruginous.  Wings 
transparent,  feebly  washed  with  brown  along  the  nervures  and  in 
the  radial. 


/■ 


ODYNERUS. 


165 


Var.  Two  yellow  spots  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus.  Clypeiis 
yellow  with  a  black  dot  in  the  middle. 

%.  Clypeus  strougly  bidentate,  polygonal,  and  with  the  la- 
brura  and  the  mandibles  before,  yellow.  Hook  of  the  antennce  very 
small,  black.  Border  of  the  concavity  of  the  metathorax  much 
more  salient;  its  superior  angles  elevated  into  two  pyramids 
separated  from  the  post-scutollura  by  two  fissures.  Lateral 
angles  of  the  metathora.x  prolonged  in  the  form  of  a  spine-like 
tooth.  Segments  5  and  0  adorned  with  a  narrow  yellow  edging; 
knees,  tibia;,  and  tarsi  yellow. 

Va?:  Z .  No  yellow  spots  beneath  the  wing  nor  on  the  scntellum 
(Illinois,  Wisconsin). 

Observation. — The  markings  npon  this  species  are  of  a  sulphur- 
yellow.  The  fir.st  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  have  a  regular 
border;  that  of  the  first  is  at  times  a  little  enlarged  in  the  middle. 
The  bordering  of  the  segments  3-5  is  but  a  narrow  edging. 

This  Odynerus  is  literally  the  American  representative  of  the 
0.  antilope  of  Europe.  It  has  the  same  form,  the  same  sculpture, 
the  same  design,  and  cannot  be  distinguished  but  by  the  less 
developed  yellow  ornaments  and  by  a  little  larger  size. 

Bess.  a.  cliff. — This  species  is  especially  characterized  by  the 
form  of  the  metathorax,  the  plate  of  which  is  shining  as  with  the 
0.  antilope,  and  has  the  inferior  borders  more  salient.  It  is 
distinguished  also  by  its  great  size,  by  its  form,  lengthened  but 
not  narrow,  by  the  regularity  of  its  abdominal  bands,  and  by  its 
livery  of  yellow  ornaments,  but  little  developed  and  constant. 
It  differs  from  the  0.  unifasciatus  by  its  large  size,  by  its  2d 
abdominal  segments  having  the  border  not  upturned,  by  its 
numerous  yellow  bauds. 

Hab.  North  America,  the  eastern  portion,  where  it  is  very 
common.  I  possess  20  of  the  9  and  4  % ,  which  have  been  taken 
in  Canada,  Lake  Superior  (Agassiz),  Connecticut  (Norton), 
Pennsylvania  (Rath von),  Tennessee  (Fuchs),  Illinois  (Walsh), 
Missouri,  Louisana  (Norton). 


/ 


^ 


11.  A.  Spinolae  Sadss. — Validus,  niger,  nitiduB,  panotatus,  etatara  et 
formis  O.  caprm  Bimillimu!*,  at  metanoti  disco  9  nia^jis  aonte  marginato 
Bupia  aogulosiore;  clypuo,  scutello  et  thoracis  lateribus  immaculatis ; 


1G6 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


abdomine  tantam  fasciia  2  ilavia ;  prima  latissima,  nigro  emargioata, 
secuuda  auguata ;  alls  fusco-violaceis.    9  • 

Odynerus  Spwolw  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  216,  107  (1854). 

Total  length,  16  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 

?.  Large,  clypeus  widely  pyriform,  coarsely  cribrose,  termi- 
nated by  a  little,  almost  straight,  and  appearing  bituberculate, 
border.  Ocelli  large  and  approaching;  upon  the  vertex  a  little 
woolly  space.  Thorax  lengthened.  Prothorax  neither  angulato 
nor  rimmed,  having  the  shoulders  only  lightly  defined.  Disk  of 
the  mesothorax  wide,  bearing  four  longitudinal  grooves  and  a 
fifth  quite  feebly  marked  which  occupies  the  middle  of  its  anterior 
part.  Post-scutel  short  and  truncate,  cribrose,  and  rugose, 
almost  forming  a  ridge.  Concavity  of  the  metatliorax  surrounded 
by  a  salient  and  trenchant  border,  forming  on  each  side  a  sharp 
spiniform  angle  and  on  the  summit  two  yet  more  distinct  angles, 
separated  from  the  post-scutellum  by  a  groove  ;  the  posterior 
plate  divided  into  two  pentagons  by  a  medial  carina.  Suture  of 
the  first  abdominal  segment  very  decided  ;  border  of  the  second 
segment  smooth,  having  no  larger  punctures  than  upon  the 
remainder  of  it ;  those  of  the  following  segments  strongly  punc- 
tured. Head  and  thorax  shining,  cribrose,  with  separated  punc- 
tures, metathorax  rugose. 

Insect  of  a  shining  black,  clothed  with  a  gray  ferruginous  pile  ; 
a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  one  between  the  autennai,  a 
dot  behind  each  eye,  and  two  triangular  spots  on  the  prothorax, 
yellow.  Antenna;  black,  ferruginous,  ()r  yellow  beneath,  their 
scape  marked  with  a  yellow  line.  First  abdominal  segment 
entirely  yellow  above,  behind  the  suture,  with  a  black  depression 
of  variable  form  in  the  middle;  second  segment  ornamented  above 
by  a  narrow  yellow  border,  at  times  badly  limited,  slightly 
mingled  with  the  black,  a  little  interrupted  or  passing  into  brown. 
Feet  black;  tibia3  and  tarsi  yellow.  Wings  of  a  transparent 
brown  ;  with  dark  violet  reflections;  wing  scales  brown  or  black, 
with  a  yellow  dot.     The  ornaments  are  of  a  lively  yellow. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  easily  recognized  by  its  large 
size,  its  violet  wings,  the  wide  border  of  its  first  segment,  and 
that  of  the  second  segment  at  times  retracted  in  the  middle  and 
its  black  clypeus.  It  is  easily  distinguished  from  the  0.  niiifas- 
ciatus  by  its  very  angnlate  metathorax  and  by  the  border  of  the 
second  segment,  which  is  not  rugose. 


.— V 


ODYNERUS. 


let 


It  has  exactly  the  size  and  form  of  the  0.  capra,  but  is  dis- 
tinguished from  it  by  its  nietulhoracie  plate  having  sharper  angles, 
by  its  more  truncate  pust-scutel,  and  by  its  second  abdominal 
segment  being  less  punctured  along  the  border;  perhaps  also  by 
its  violet  wings  and  the  absence  of  spots  beneath  the  wings  and 
on  the  scutellurn,  and  by  the  absence  of  yellow  bands  upon  the 
8d  and  4th  segmenti5.  It  is  distinct  from  the  O.  unifasciatus  by 
the  border  of  the  2d  segment,  which  is  neither  channelled  nor 
rugose. 

Hub.  The  United  States.  Connecticut.  Pennsylvania.  Indi- 
ana.    Illinois.     Tennessee.    (G  ?.) 


y 


C.  Body  more  gathered  (not  so  elongate),  normal,  but  the  thorax 
is  still  sensibly  longer  than  wide. 


c.  Metathorax  destitute  of  strong  spines. 

13.  A.  albophaleratus  Sauss. — Medins,  niger,  punctatns  ;  puncto 
frontali  et  post-oculari,  prouoti  et  abd.  segrnentoium  luargiiie,  inaculis  2 
scutelli,  1  subalari,  tegulisque,  niveis  ;  J  clypeo  albido-biniaculato,  et 
autenuarum  scapo  subtus  testaceo ;    'J  inandibulis,  clypeo  bispiuoso^ 
liiieaque  scapi  et  pedibus  albidis ;  pronoto  et  metauoto  bideiitato.         / 


Odynerus  albophaleratus  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  217,  109. 

J  .  Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  10  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 


9.  Size  moderate.  Head  and  thorax  densely  punctured. 
Clypeus  widely  pyriform,  punctured,  terminated  by  a  littie 
straight  or  subemarginate  border.  Thorax  mediocre;  prothorax 
moderately  wide  ;  its  angles  distinct ;  mesothorax  marked  with 
four  grooves  at  its  base,  with  two  across  the  whole ;  metathorax 
rugose ;  its  posterior  plate  finely  shagreened ;  bordered  by  a 
cordon  which  marks  out  the  usual  pentagon,  which  is  but  little 
angulate,  without  lateral  teeth.  Abdomen  ovalo-eonit';  the  first 
segment  wide  and  truncate  with  a  very  distinct  suture;  the  whole 
abdomen  quite  finely  punctured;  the  1st  segment  most  strongly. 

Insect  black.  A  spot  upon  the  front,  another  behind  each  eye; 
a  slender  border  on  the  prothorax,  two  dots  on  the  scutellurn,  and 
a  regular  border  on  every  segment  of  the  abdomen,  whitish. 
AntennaB  black;  the  scape  testaceous  beneath.  Legs  black,  the 
tibiaB  white  above ;  tarsi  slightly  ferruginous.     Wings  transpa- 


1C8 


HYMENOPTERA    OP   AMERICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


rent,  with  the  rarlius  and  the  stigma  brown,  except  a  little  wasli- 
ing  of  brown  ferruginous  about  the  nervures. 

'h .  Clypeus  lengthened,  bidentate;  the  teeth  permitting  between 
them  a  narrow  emargination.  Mandibles,  labrum,  clypeus,  and 
a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenme,  white.  Extremity  of  the 
antenna;  beneath  and  the  hook,  ferruginous.  Angles  of  (lie 
metathorax  dentiform ;  marginal  ridges  of  the  metnthoracie  plntc 
very  trenchant,  forming  on  each  side  a  spiniform  tooth ;  scutelliim 
parted  by  a  groove;  post-scutel  rugose,  offering  on  the  summit 
of  its  posterior  trench  a  sort  of  interrupted  rugose  ridge.  Knees, 
tibinc,  tarsi,  and  often  the  femora,  whitish. 

Var.  Scutellum  bordered  with  whitish. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  very  well  characterized  by  its 
white  ornaments,  and  it  has  the  appearance  of  the  European 
species  of  the  subgenus  Epipona.  One  might  easily  err  in 
ranging  it  with  this-  group  in  spite  of  the  anteriorly  truncated 
abdomen.  The  clypeus  (S)  in  particular  is  cut  exactly  as  with 
these  insects.     See  the  affinities  of  the  O.  (Jatxkilli. 

Hah.  North  America.  I  took  this  Odynerus  in  abundance  in 
the  environs  of  New  York  in  the  month  of  April,  but  I  met  none 
except  the  males.  I  finally  received  12  9  fi'om  Connecticut, 
Illinois,  and  Pennsylvania. 

Observation. — We  possess  one  individual  9,  having  the  form 
sensibly  more  stubbed,  which  has  the  clypeus  white,  with  a  black 
spot  and  the  scutellum  almost  entirely  white ;  the  borders  of  the 
segments  quite  wide.    (Illinois.)    Is  it  a  simple  variety  ? 

13.  A.  Catskillensis  Sauss. — Niger,  punctatus,  crassus;  0.  alho- 
phah-rato  statura  et  0.  ccimpestri  picture,  similis;  coipore  flavo-picto; 
metanoti  foveola  acute  maiginata,  frequenter  utrinqiie  macula  flava; 
scutellorum  limbo  interrupto,  flavo;  antennaram  scapo  flavo-lineato. 


Odj/ncrus  CatslilH  Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  18fi.'  (  ]/^  /  ^JA^t^l  /-^-r  KPt^^ 

Odyn.  Catskillensis  Sadss.  Et.  Vespid.,  Ill,  204.      ^^//  '   / 

9 .  Total  length,  11,5  mm. ;  wing,  9.5  mm. 
^  .  Total  length,  9.5  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

'  The  fig.  8,  pi.  xvi,  which  is  named  as  representing  this  species  in  the 
work  cited,  does  not  represent  it  at  all.  It  is  a  lapsus  to  be  regretted, 
without  considering  that  the  figure  is  vety  bad.  One  should  not  take  it 
into  account  at  all. 


i 


A yn n.'^i^O'-  ^c^jj^j . 


,*^  ^/ 


/ 


.h> 


UtT  I. 

rt'asli- 

;wecn 

,  and 
•f  llio 
f  Iho 
plato 
[3II111U 
111  111  it 
Jices, 


)y  its 
)pean 
IT  in 
catetl 
with 

ce  in 
none 
ticut, 

form 
black 
the 


alho- 
)icto; 
ava ; 
ito. 


0DYNERU8. 


169 


I 


/  ^ 


1  thrt 
>tteil, 
ke  it 


9.  Form  stout.  The  size  and  shape  of  the  0.  alho}ihnh'ra.tu», 
but  the  thorax  is  shorter.  Clypeus  wide,  quite  triangular,  trun- 
cated at  the  extremity  or  appearing  lightly  'uidentate,  strongly 
punctured.  Body  densely  punctured  and  olotlied  with  a  gniy 
pile.  Concavity  of  the  nietathorax  dull,  finely  wrinkled,  strongly* 
bordered  ;  its  nmrginal  ridges  arcuate  and  quite  strongly  salient 
at  the  summit,  where  they  almost  form  two  little  teeth  sepanitcd 
from  the  post-scutel  by  a  fissure  ;  on  each  side  there  is  furnied 
another  dentiform  angle,  at  times  not  very  decided.  Abdomea 
short ;  the  first  segment  short ;  almost  as  wide  as  the  2d. 

Insect  black,  much  resembling  in  coloration  the  0.  campestris. 
Antenna)  ferruginous  beneath,  with  a  yellow  line  upon  the  scape. 
A  dot  upon  the  mandibles,  four  spots  upon  the  clypeus,  one  on 
the  front,  one  behind  each  eye,  a  narrow  border  on  the  prothorax, 
a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  an  interrupted  bordering  on  the  scutel, 
and  two  arcuate  spots  upon  the  lateral  ridges  of  the  nietathonix, 
yellow.  All  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  adorned  with  a  narrow, 
regular  border;  knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  yellow;  these  last  often 
ferruginous.  Wings  transparent,  washed  with  brown  in  the 
radial  and  along  the  nerviires.  Wing  scales  yellow,  touched 
with  brown. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  yellow,  with  a  black  spot. 

6.  Only  four  yellow  borders  upon  the  abdomen. 

c.  Spots  of  the  metathorax  very  small,  occupying  the  base  of 
the  ridges. 

d.  No  spots  on  the  metathorax. 

% .  A  little  smaller,  stubbed.  Mandibles,  labrum,  and  clypeus 
yellow;  this  last  wide,  rounded,  and  bidentate.  Hook  of  the 
antennae  ferruginous,  as  well  as  the  extremity  of  the  flagellum 
beneath.  Border  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  often  blended 
upon  the  sides  with  a  yellow  dot ;  femora  yellow ;  feet  almost 
entirely  yellow.    Two  yellow  dots  on  the  sides  of  the  2d  segment. 

Vai'.  a.  No  separate  yellow  dots  upon  the  2d  segment. 

6.  Scutels  black. 

Bess.  a.  diff, — This  species  can  be  recognized  by  the  short  first 
abdominal  segment,  as  wide  as  the  2d,  and  by  the  two  yellow 
spots  on  the  metathorax.  But  this  last  character  being  subject 
to  be  wanting,  it  is  not  advisable  to  give  it  too  much  importance. 
One  can  distinguish  this  Odynerns  from  the  0.  capra  by  its  very 
much  smaller  size  and  by  its  stubbed  form:  from  the  0.  Spinolie 


170 


UYMKNDl'TKUA   UF    AMERICA. 


[PAKT  I. 


y 


by  its  snuillor  sizo,  its  V'Aa  aiigiilntc  nictathoracic  plate,  by  tho 
narrow  borilei*  of  the  lirst  segineiit,  by  the  transparent  wings  and 
(juito  (lifleront  livery:  from  the  0,  albophalerutus  by  its  yellow 
onuunentH;  its  shorter  thorax,  a  little  loss  strongly  punctured, 
*its  abdomen  having  more  punctures,  its  antenme  nioro  colored, 
and  the  size  a  little  larger :  from  the  0.  unifaaciatus  and  cam- 
jje.sh'ifi  by  its  uietathoraeic  plate  bordered  throughout  by  sharp 
ridges  and  by  the  border  of  the  2d  segment  which  is  not  rugose, 
lint  above  all  it  might  bo  confounded  with  the  0.  birenimacu- 
latiis.  It  is  distinguished  from  it  by  the  less  rich  livery,  by  tho 
regular  border  of  the  first  segment,  by  the  very  much  less  gross 
form,  by  tho  much  smaller  size,  etc.  Compare  these  two  species 
carefully. 

JIab.  Tho  United  States.  New  York.  Connecticut.  Illinois. 
(109, 5S.) 

Observation. — This  species  is  the  American  representative  of 
the  0.  renimacula  and  it  appears  to  me  to  differ  from  this  species 
only  by  the  rather  less  defined  angles  of  the  prothorax  and  by  the 
metalhoracic  plate,  which  is  not  striate. 

I  possess  a  very  small  individual,  9  (long.  8  mm.),  which  per- 
haps indicates  the  existence  of  another  allied  species.  The  thorax 
is  a  little  more  lengthened,  the  first  segment  of  tho  abdomen  is 
divided  by  a  feeble  groove,  the  clypeus  offers  but  two  yellow 
dots  toward  tho  base,  and  the  metathoracic  ridges  are  marked  by 
two  little  yellow  lines.    (Connecticut,  Mr.  Edw.  Norton.) 

I  possess  also  many  more  little  males  which  I  cannot  but 
ascribe  to  this  species  and  which,  in  fact,  do  not  present  any 
difference  from  the  males  of  the  normal  size,  but  in  being  much 
smaller,  aad  that  some  of  the  punctures  of  the  first  segment  of 
the  abdomen  are  a  little  stronger.     Length,  8.5  mm. ;  wing,  7. 

These  specimens  have  no  separate  spots  on  the  2d  abdomind 
segment.  The  1st  segment  carries  a  regular  border,  not  enlarged 
upon  the  sides.  The  scutellum  offers  two  yellow  spots;  the  post- 
seutcl  /is  in  general  black,  at  times  bipunctate. 

I  d")  not  doubt  but  that  these  little  males  really  belong  to  this 
specie's,  just  as  one  often  meets  variations  among  the  insects  of 
this/group.  These  males  greatly  resemble  those  of  the  0.  tigris, 
but  thoy  are  however  larger,  and  above  all,  wider  and  more  stubbed 
in  ■form.    Connecticut.     New  York.     Illinois. 


ODYNERUS. 


171 


14.  A.  adinbntllH  S\d.«h.— Minutua,  niger;  clypeo 'J  tenuiter  bidcn- 
tnto;  iiiHtaiioto  bisjunoso,  superiiH  rugoso,  haml  aciito;  abilomiiiB  gracili; 
priino  8Kgiu«nto  eloiigato;  dypeo,  mandihulis,  soapo  antice,  puiicto 
frnntali  et  poat-oculari,  pronoti  liuea  antica,  tegulis,  puncto  siibalari 
abdoininisque  seginHntorum  inargiiiibus  anguste,  llavis.  IVlibusi  llavia, 
femoribus  nigris  ;  alia  subliyaliuis.     '^  , — Long.  8  mm, 

Odynerus  adiabatus  Sauss.  Vespidea,  I,  138,  20,  ^  (1852). 

Ilab.  North  America.    Carolina.    (Typo  in  tlio  Paris  Museum.) 

13.  A.  fastifliOHllscillus  SAusfl. — Niger,  clypei  Riimmi  fascia  aronata 
ntrinque,  macula  fiomali  et  post-oculaii,  scapo  subtiis,  pronoti  margino, 
tegulia,  fascia  interrnDta  scutelli,  fascia  post-sciitelli,  raacnla  siibalari 
abrlominisque  fascii..  i,  ilavis  ;  fascia  primi  segmenti  utrinque  dilatata; 
pudibus  basi  uigria  ;  alia  subliyalinia.     Long.  10  mm.     ^, 

Odynerus fastidiosusculus  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.,  I,  137,  19,  J. 
Ilab.  Brazil.    (Type  in  Paris  Museum.) 


16.  A.  Santa-Annse  Sauss. — Niger,  densissime  pnnctulatns,  clypeo 
grosse  cribrato ;  pronoto  subangulato ;  metauoti  foveola  acutissinie 
marginata,  bidentata;  abdomine  subvelutino,  ovato  ;  puncto  froutali  et 
post-ooulari,  litura  angusta  pronoti  abdominisque  vittis  3,  flavia ;  alia 
fi-rrugineis ; — 9  clypeo  atro  flavo  bipunctatn,  antennis  atris,  macula 
subalari  et  2  scutelli,  llavis; — "^  clypeo,  subbideutato,  tlavo,  scapo  llavo 
lineato. 

Odynerus  Santa-Anna  Sauss.  Revue  et  Magas.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  273. 

Total  length,  10  mm. ;  wing,  11  mm. 

?.  Clypeus  pyriform,  truncate,  or  feebly  subbidentate,  very 
coarsely  punctured.  Prothorax  not  retracted  before  ;  its  angles 
distinct.  Mesotliorax  with  a  little  smooth  carina  before ;  its 
grooves  moderately  pronounced.  Post-scutel  truncate,  oifering 
a  feeble  ridge  at  the  summit  of  its  posterior  face  ;  this  ridg(j 
interrupted  and  finely  crenulate.  Plate  of  the  metathorax 
triangulate,  very  clearly  bordered  all  around  by  very  trenchant 
straight  ridges,  which  inclose  the  two  pentagons  in  a  very  distinct 
manner.  The  lateral  angles  dentiform  ;  the  superior  ones  acute. 
Abdomen  punctured,  ovate;  the  first  segment  narrower  than  the 
2d,  punctured,  having  a  very  strong  suture.  Border  of  the  2d 
and  the  following  segments  densely  punctured,  but  neither  rugose 
'^nor  channelled.     That  of  the  first  offering  a  ounctured  lino. 


172 


IIYMKNOI'TEIIA   OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AHT  1. 


Head  and  thorax  finely  and  very  densely  shagrcencd  ;  abdomen 
punctured,  a  little  velvety. 

Insect  black,  covered  with  gray  hair.  Two  lateral  spots  on 
the  summit  of  the  clypeus ;  another  between  the  antenna),  a  dot 
behind  each  eye,  a  narrow  border  on  the  prothorax,  a  spot  beneath 
each  wing,  two  on  the  posterior  border  of  the  .scutelluni,  two  dois 
on  the  wing  scales,  and  the  border  of  segments,  1,  2,  J5  of  tlu! 
abdomen,  sulphur-yellow;  there  is  often  a  yellow  dot  at  the  luiso 
of  the  scape  of  the  antenna;  and  upon  the  anterior  tibia).  The 
yellow  bands  of  the  abdomen  are  regular;  the  first  often  slightly 
enlarged  at  the  two  extremities,  the  two  others  at  times  retracted 
in  the  middle,  and  complete  beneath.  Wings  transparent,  waslicd 
with  brown  ferruginous.    Wing  scales  black,  spotted  with  yellow. 

Var.  Clypeus  and  antennoe  black. 

%.  Size  same  as  the  female.  Clypeus  yellow,  armed  with  two 
short  teeth  separated  by  a  semicircular  emargination ;  its  inferior 
margin  finely  bordered  with  black ;  mandibles  and  labrum  black. 
Scape  of  the  antenna)  in  general  marked  with  a  yellow  line ;  hook 
black.  Wing  scales,  scutellum,  and  the  flanks,  in  general,  black, 
without  yellow  spots ;  the  fourth  segment  carrying  a  narrow  yel- 
low band  interrupted  above,  Tibiee  yellow  before.  Post-scutel 
divided  by  a  little  medial  groove.  The  superior  angles  of  the 
metathoracic  plate  pronounced. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  peculiar  in  its  wholly  black 
antennae  and  in  a  very  marked  tendency  to  lose  its  yellow  orna- 
ments. Its  thorax  is  short  and  little  arched.  Its  abdomen  has 
a  velvety  appearance.  It  has  the  form  of  the  O.  Calskillensis,  but 
the  first  abdominal  segment  and  the  thorax  are  a  little  less  wide ; 
its  size  is  a  little  greater.  The  %  has  the  clypeus  sensibly  less 
bidentate  than  the  Xorth  American  species  of  this  group.  It  is 
closely  allied  to  the  0.  Buslamente.  (See  the  description  of  this 
species.) 

Hab.  The  hot  and  temperate  regions  of  Mexico.  Cordova. 
Jalapa,  the  Michoacan. 

IT*  A.  Bustamenti  Sacbs. — 0.  San'a-Anna  simillimns,  niger ;  olypeo 
iiitegromaculis  4flavi8;  tliorace  '.atiore,  pionotolatissimo,  tenuiter  flavo 
marginato,  metanoto  angustiore,  canthis  inferis  flavo-oinatis  ;  macula 
subalari  et  soatelli  fascia  interrupta,  flavis ;  abdomiiie  velntioo,  basi 
lato,  segmentis  1-5  flavo-marginatis ;  tegulis  flavo-bipunctatis.  9  • 
Odynerua  Bustamente  Sauss.  Rnvne  et  Mag.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  273,  J . 
Total  length,  11  miu. ;  wing,  9  mm. 


ODYNKRUS. 


173 


9.  A  spt'cics  flosely  ullied  to  tlio  0,  Hanla-Annee,  liaving 
oxuctly  the  huiiic  appourancc  unil  thu  huiuu  uculpturu ;  thu  abdu- 
nieii  being  also  of  a  deep  velvety  black. 

Clypeus  wider  than  long,  its  anterior  border  trniicatc,  straight, 
or  a  little  concave,  not  bidentate.  Thorax  very  short,  sem-iibly 
wider  than  with  the  species  cited ;  the  prothorax  less  angulute, 
but  very  wide,  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax  wider  than  long;  its 
grooves  indistinct;  nietathorax  a  little  retracted,  so  that  the  thorax 
increases  In  width  from  behind  forward.  The  posterior  plate  of 
the  nietathorax  a  little  striate,  wider  and  lest;  strongly  bordered. 
The  yellow  ornaments  more  abundant  than  in  the  preceding 
species ;  clypeus  carrying  four  yellow  spots,  or  yellow  with  the 
scutelluni  J)]rtck  on  the  summit ;  scape  of  the  antenna)  adorned 
with  a  yellow  line ;  border  of  the  prothorax  very  narrow.  Thorax 
with  a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  an  interrupted  band  on  the  scutel- 
luni, and  with  two  spots  upon  the  inferior  edges  of  the  nietathorax. 
Segments  of  the  abdomen  all  regularly  bordered  with  sulphur- 
yellow  ;  the  last  ones  very  narrowly  ;  the  flrst  ones  very  short, 
as  wide  as  the  second.  Feet  black,  tarsi  and  tibiae  forruginous. 
The  remainder  as  with  the  0.  Sanla-Annu. 

Var.  Two  yellow  dots  on  the  scute  Hum. 

%.  Unknown. 

This  species  very  much  resembles  the  0.  Calskilli,  but  differs 
from  it  by  the  very  punctate  border  of  the  abdominal  segments, 
the  first  segment  being  also  wider  and  shorter. 

Hob.  The  cold  regions  of  Mexico.  I  have  taken  this  Odynerus 
upon  the  Coffre  de  Perote. 

18.  A.  8ylTeirae  Sausb. 

Odynerus  Sylveirm  Saubs.  Et.  Vespides,  III,  217,  110;  pi.  z,  fig.  8,  9 
(1854). 

Hob.  Brazil.     Sylveird.    (Typo  in  the  Paris  Museum.) 


5.  Metathorax  having  two  strong  spines. 

19.  A.  Clarazianiis  Sauss. — Niger,  sericeus ;  capite  rnfo  vel  obgcnro ; 
capite  et  thorace  snpeme  rugose  punctatia  ;  pronoti  angnlis  einarginatis, 
lobatis;  post-scntello  valde  criatato,  emarginato;  metathorace  postice 
excavato,  canthis  peracutia  marginato,  utrinqae  spina  et  infere  detite 
artuato;   autennia  nigris  ;   pronoti  margine  posiico,  uaonla  subalari, 


m 


1T4 


IIYMENOPTEBA   OP   AMKllICA. 


[I'AKT  I. 


te^ulln,  fnsoia  ftciUelli  et  po^t-Hdutttlli,  intftiinnti    iiiiKuliM  n<1()iiiinir*(iuH 
He^iiiciitdi'tiiit  l-.'i  inargiiie,  pallide  llavia  ;  nli.i  autiue  fUHuo-iunrgluntiH. 
%  ,  Cly|i(!o  bideutato  luteo. 

Anc.  Claragianus  Hlvub.  Bmv.  de  Zool.,  1870,  r>rj,  3,  $  ^ . 
9*  Total  lengtli,  12  nun. ;  wing,  10  lum. 
%  .  Total  If  ngtii,  10  mm. ;  wing,  8  jim. 

9.  Body  stubbed.  Head  ratlier  largo,  tlio  vertex  traiisvorsc, 
not  convex;  ocelli  set  In  depressions.  Thorax  slightly  convex; 
prothorax  having  each  of  its  angles  extended  into  a  lamellar 
rounded  process,  which  is  separated  from  the  anterior  margin  by 
a  wide  notch.  Disk  of  mesothorax  parted  by  a  longitudinal 
groove,  and  posteriorly  bicarinate;  tho  carina;  sinuous,  terminating 
at  the  angles  of  the  scutel.  Scutel  parted  by  a  groove  and 
separated  from  the  mesothorax  and  post-scutel  by  deep  furrows. 
]*ost-scutel  truncate,  elevated  into  a  high  crest,  rather  concave 
beiiind;  the  crest  broadly  cmarginate,  forming  two  nearly  trian- 
gular lamellar  teeth.  Mctathorax  much  excavated,  margined 
with  very  sharp  edges  ;  the  lateral  angles  produced  into  strong 
spines,  the  upper  arcuated  edges  very  salient,  rather  crested ;  the 
inferior  edges  forming  on  their  lower  part,  each  a  triangular 
tooth.  Head  and  thorax  above  coarsely  and  roughly  punctate  ; 
thorax  on  tho  sides  and  behind  fuiely  punctate  and  covered  with 
silky,  silvery  pile.  Abdomen  short,  finely  punctured,  silky,  with 
gray-golden  reflections,  the  first  segment  nearly  as  wide  as  the 
second,  short,  its  suture  ti'ansverse,  very  distinct. 

Black.  Antenna)  black,  tho  Ist  and  2d  joints  rufous  beneath  ; 
head  and  mandibles  rufous  or  orange-red,  about  tho  antenna}  and 
a  little  on  the  vertex  black.  Anterior  margin  of  the  prothorax 
very  delicately  rufous;  posterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot 
beneath  the  wing,  a  band  on  the  scutel  and  one  on  the  hinder 
part  of  post-scutel,  the  angles  of  metathorax,  and  the  inferior 
edges,  pale  yellow ;  the  crest  of  post-scutel  also  yellow,  finely 
margined  with  black  on  its  hinder  face.  Tegula;  rufous,  margined 
with  pale  yellow;  the  process  next  to  them  yellow.  The  first 
three  abdominal  segments  adorned  with  a  regular  yellow  margin ; 
the  first  narrow,  fusing  on  each  side  into  a  little  lateral  spot;  the 
second  widest,  t  le  third  narrowest.  Feet  brown  or  passing  into 
ferruginous  ;  tibiae,  the  1st  and  2d  anteriorly,  and  the  extremity 
of  2d  femora,  marked  with  yellow.  Wings  hyaline;  anterior 
margin  and  radial  cell  brown. 


ODYNERUS. 


\1^} 


Vnr.  Till'  licud  iiiorc  nr  less  (ihscuiv,  j)nssiiif?  into  Mnok  or 
quito  l)ri(  Mi-n'«l. 

9.  ('ly|»('iis  pyriform,  cuniNoly  i^unctatc,  tcrniiimtinpf  witli  two 
8inall  l)i-o\vii  iipproxiniuliiig  ti'clli. 

%.  Jk'iid  blackish  or  Muck;  orltits  rufous;  inner  nmrpin  of  the 
cycH,  a  frontal  spot,  and  a  line;  on  tlio  nuimlililcs,  piiic  yrlluw; 
tho  rtcapc  at  tinios  with  u  yellow  liiu;;  clypcus  polyfionai,  stroiijyiy 
l)i(l{'iitatc,  pale  yellow.  Anterior  femora  and  tibim  ycllowisli 
before  (Haliia  HIanca). 

Tiie  male  is  dcscrii)ed  from  a  Kouthorii  s]>ecimen,  which  may  be 
the  renson  of  its  l)Iaek  head.  Specimon.s  from  Buenos  Ayrcs  may 
have  the  licad  rod  like  tho  females? 

RcKS.  a.  di'l/'. — This  is  a  (piite  distinct  species  in  tho  form  of 
the  thora.v.  It  has  also  a  dillerent  appcuiraneo  from  all  other 
Anciatroce^'un. 

Ilab.  The  Arj^entino  Republic,  5  ?,  4  %.  IJuenos  Ayrcs 
(Meyer  Durr),  1  9 ,  3  S .     Duhia  Blauca  (O.  Claraz). 

D.  Form  very  sfuhhcd     Thorax  cubical,  nearly  as  long  as  wide. 

SO.  A.  bireniniacillatllH  Sachs.— Crnasus  et  brevia ;  tenuiter 
punetatus ;  clypeo  flavo,  9  triinoato,  %  bideiitato;  thorace  brevl, 
quadrato ;  metanoti  foveoia  aciitissiiiie  marginata,  utrinquo  et  superne 
angulos  (lentiforiues  effluifnte;  macula  frontali  ot  post-oculari,  fascia  in 
ficapo  anteniiaruin,  pronoti  limbo  late,  tegulls,  scutelln,  post-scutullo 
macula  subalnri  et  utriniiue  inetatboracis  pedibnaque,  llavia;  abdomiiie 
lato,  conico,  segmeutoruiii  margiiie  piinctato,  late  Uavo-litnbato,  aecundo 
sa^pius  uti'inquu  macula  ft.iva  ;  primi'fascia  utrinquo  antrorsum  dilatata. 

Odynerus  hirevimacnlntm  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  13B,  16,  9»  vai"* 

Total  length,  14  mm.  ;  wiug,  11  mm. 


^rtrp 


9.  Large  and  very  stubbed.  Form  very  short  and  very  wide. 
Clypeus  wider  than  long,  truncate,  finely  punctured.  Thorax 
stout,  very  wide,  cubical,  a  little  longer  than  wide.  Prothorax 
not  angular ;  niesothorax  marked  posteriorly  with  two  profound 
grooves.  Post-scutel  short,  truncate,  having  a  sort  of  ridge, 
blunted  in  the  middle.  Metathorax  very  wide ;  its  posterior 
plate  wide,  quite  flat,  finely  shagreencd,  very  angulate,  and 
bordered  all  around  by  some  very  trenchant  ridges,  which  form 
on  each  side  a  spiniform  angle  and  on  the  summit  two  sharp 
teeth.     Head  and  thorax  very  densely  and  finely  punctured. 


176 


IlYMENOPTEllA   OF   AMjiRICA. 


[part  I. 


Abdomen  wide  and  conical;  the  first  segment  short,  as  wide  as 
tlie  2d,  elevated  at  the  suture  ;  its  superior  surface  often  longi- 
tudinally striate  along  the  suture ;  the  border  of  the  segment 
distinctly  punctured  ;  that  of  the  2d  insensibly  reflexed. 

Insect  black,  strongly  mingled  with  yellow.  Mandibles  brown 
at  the  extremity.  Clypeus  yellow,  at  times  adorned  with  a  little 
l)rown  dot.  Antenme  black,  with  the  scape  yellow  before  and  the 
flagollum  ferruginous  beneath  at  its  base.  A  spot  on  the  front, 
one  behind  each  eye,  a  wide  border  on  the  prothorax,  a  spot 
below  the  wing,  wing  scale,  scutel,  post-scutel,  two  arcuate  spots 
occupying  the  angles  of  the  motathorax,  and  a  wide  border  on 
every  segment  of  the  abdomen,  yellow ;  these  borders  regular; 
that  of  the  1st  segment  joined  to  two  oblicjue  lateral  spots;  the 
2d  ornamented  on  each  side  by  an  oblique  spot,  sometimes 
separated,  sometimes  confounded  with  the  border.  Anus  yellow. 
Feet  yellow,  thighs  obscure  at  their  base;  coxce  spotted  with 
yellow.  Wings  transparent,  a  little  smoky  along  the  side  and 
toward  the  end,  with  a  light  violet  reflection. 

Var.  a.  Scutellum  having  but  one  yellow  interrupted  band. 

b.  No  yellow  lateral  spots  on  the  2d  segment.  . 

c.  The  border  of  the  2d  segment  festooned  in  consequence  of 
the  fusion  with  the  lateral  spots. 

d.  The  yellow  ornaments  passing  into  orange. 

%.  Same  size  as  the  9.  Extremity  of  the  antennaj  and  their 
hook  ferruginous ;  clypeus  bidentate.  Mandibles  yellow.  Scu- 
tellum divided  by  a  groove.  Yellow  ornaments  narrower,  often 
interrupted  on  the  scutel;  lateral  spots  of  the  first  two  segments 
small.  Anus  only  spotted  with  yellow.  (The  border  of  the  first 
segments  in  general  regular,  only  confounded  on  each  sidt  with  a 
yellow  dot.) 

Var.  Size  small,  length  11  mm.  ;  wing  8  mm. 

Rriis.  a.  diff. — This  beautiful  species  is  very  distinct  in  its  very 
stubbed  form,  in  its  size,  in  its  cubical  and  finely  punctured 
thorax,  not  cribrose  with  holes,  in  the  exceptional  width  of  its 
yellow  markings.  It  can,  however,  be  confounded  with  the  Odxj- 
nerus  Catskillensis,  from  which  it  may  be  distinguished  by  the 
yellow  clypeus  of  the  female,  by  the  much  richer  ornamentation, 
by  the  notably  more  stubbed  form,  and  by  the  two  oblique  yellow 
spots  of  the  first  segment  which  mingle  themselves  witu  the  border; 
by  the  elevated  and  truncate  post-scutel  and  by  its  superior  size. 


ODYNERUS. 


n: 


The  0.  birenimaculotun  differs  from  the  0.  Spinolse  by  its 
very  much  more  densely  punctured  and  not  smooth  body,  by  its 
transparent  wings,  by  the  margin  of  the  2d  segment  wliieh  is 
densely  punctured,  by  (he  first  segment  wliich  is  wider,  by  its 
stubbed  form,  etc.;  from  the  0.  catupeslris  and  vnifasciatus  by 
the  very  much  more  densely  and  less  coarsely  punctured  thorax, 
by  the  form  of  the  metathorax,  by  the  less  coarsely  punctured 
margin  of  the  2d  segment,  etc. 

Finally,  the  O.  hirenimaculatus  offers  a  great  resemblance  also 
to  the  0.  renimacula  of  Europe,  although  its  form  is  ve-y  much 
more  stubbed  than  that  of  this  last  species. 

Hah.  New  England.     New  York.     24  9 ,  3  -S . 


y 


II.    The  concavity  of  the  metathorax  forms  no  distinct  lateral 

angles. 

Here  the  posterior  plate  is  often  rugose.  It  is  at  times  still 
bordered  at  the  summit  by  some  ridges  or  one  double  arch ; 
sometimes  it  is  not  limited,  especially  not  on  the  sides,  where  it  is 
effaced  and  lost  in  the  sides  of  the  metathorax.  The  concavity 
is  often  formed  by  the  meeting  of  two  convex  facettes. 


A.  Posterior  face  of  metathorax  remaining  margined,  but  with- 
out distinct  angles.     Body  slender,  elongate. 

a.  Post-scutel  strongly  truncate. 

31*  A.  COnspicillIS  Sauss. — Gracilis,  niger,  ubiqiie  punctatiis  ;  capite 
et  thorace  criississime  et  rugose  punctatis  ;  prothorace  autice  cristato, 
angnlato,  post-scutello  valde  truucato,  facie  postica  polita  ;  uietathorace 
utrinque  baud  angulato,  foveola  Isevi,  lenuiter  uiarginiita,  abdomiiia 
dense  pnnotato;  primo  segmento  luiuuto,  acute  euturato  ;  anteunarum 
•capo  subtos,  puncto  froutali  et  subalari,  pionoti  abdominisquo  aegmeii- 
toi'utn  1,  2  limbo  postico,  fascia  interrupta  scutelli,  fascia  post-scutelli, 
lineaque  femcrum  intermediorum,  luteis.     9* 

Ancistrocerua  conspicuus  Sauss.  Rev.  et  Mag  de  Zool.,IX,  1857,  247. 

Total  lengtb,  9.5  mm. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  As  slender  as  a  Stenancistrocerus.  Head  and  thorax  very 
roughly  punctured.  Clypeus  very  coarsely  punctured,  finely  bi- 
carinate  at  tip  and  minutely  bidcntate.  Head  margined  poste- 
riorly. Vertex  having  a  tubercle  garnished  with  an  erect  brush 
of  hair.  Thorax  scarcely  contracted  posteriorly,  very  square 
IS 


ffT^'"!! 


178 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


anteriorly ;  the  prothorax  with  a  crested  margin,  its  angles 
dentiform,  acute.  Post-seutel  very  short,  strongly  truncate ;  its 
posterior  face  fiat,  polished;  its  superior  face  rough,  transverse; 
its  posterior  ridge  very  finely  crenulate,  the  middle  with  a  very 
small  compressed  tubercle.  Metathorax  coarsely  cribrose,  silky- 
grayish,  its  hinder  face  widely  excavated,  as  polished  as  the 
posterior  face  of  post-scutel,  somewhat  punctate,  finely  margined; 
the  margins  forming  behind  the  post-scutel  two  quite  small  erect 
teeth  (not  easy  to  distinguish);  lo  distinct  lateral  angles. 
Abdomen  slender,  slightly  depressed;  the  first  segment  small, 
shortly  and  quite  sharply  truncate  anteriorly;  the  suture  elevated ; 
its  superior  face  short,  rather  strongly  punctured ;  2d  segment 
not  quite  so  strongly  punctured,  its  hinder  margin  with  a  line  of 
punctures,  the  following  segments  densely  punctured. 

Black;  grayish-silky.  Mandibles  partly  fulvous;  antenniE 
ferruginous  beneath,  scape  yellow  beneath.  Two  dots  on  the 
summit  of  clypeus,  a  frontal  spot,  and  post-ocular  line,  pale  yel- 
low. Hinder  margin  of  prothorax  with  a  narrow  luteous  band ; 
its  angles,  appendix  of  wing  scale,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  an 
interrupted  fascia  on  scutel,  a  transverse  line  on  the  hinder  face 
of  post-scutcl,  and  two  large  maculae  on  the  hind  face  of  meta- 
thorax, pale  yellow.  The  first  two  abdominal  segments  narrowly 
margined  with  luteous.  Intermediate  femora  with  a  luteous  line. 
Anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  brown  or  ferruginous.  Wings  hyaline, 
smoky,  nerves  and  anterior  margin  of  the  apex  fuscous ;  the  2d 
recurrent  nerve  falling  nearly  upon  the  2d  transverse  cubital  vein. 

Var.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax  also  margined  with  luteous. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  is  quite  a  distinct  species  and  a  peculiar 
type,  making  a  sort  of  transition  to  Slenodijnerus  by  its  slender 
form,  and  its  punctate  abdomen,  having  the  1st  segment  more 
punctured  than  the  second.  The  form  of  the  scutel,  post-scutel, 
and  metathorax  is  quite  unusual,  and  the  very  coarsely  punctured 
thorax  makes  it  at  once  distinguishable. 

Its  livery  much  resembles  that  of  the  A.  Fariasi,  but  it  differs 
from  this  in  all  its  form  and  its  punctures ;  in  the  first  segment 
being  very  short  and  truncate,  its  superior  face  quite  transverse ; 
the  scutel  truncate,  not  triangular;  the  punctures  of  thorax  and 
head  being  much  coarser,  etc.  It  has  also  a  resemblance  to  0. 
( Stenodynerus)  totonacus. 


ODYNERUS. 


119 


Hah.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  I  caught  a  9  near 
Cordova. 

b.  Post-scutel  not  truncate,  angnlate  posteriorly. 

This  type  has  the  post-scutel  formed  much  as  in  Stenancisfro- 
cerus,  but  the  form  of  the  abdomen  remains  as  in  the  division 
Ancistrocerus,  and  the  appearance  remains  also  as  in  this  group, 
so  that  we  have  to  leave  it  in  the  division  Ancistrocerus,  prop, 
diet. 


22.  A.  cingulatus  SAtrss.— Gracilis,  niger,  nitidns,  snlfnreo-pictns, 
pronoti  augulis  iu  processus  2  productis,  autenuis  subtus  et  basi  llaviir ; 
abdominis  segmentis  1,  2  late  ilavo-marginntis  ;  priiuo  antioe  truucato, 
saturd,  promiuula,  fascia  flava  utrinqae  aucta  marginato. —  9  %•  ^^7' 
pec  truncato,  flavo. 

Odynerus  cingulatus  Cresson,  Hymen,  of  Cuba,  Ent.  Proc,  Pbila.,  II, 
1865,  1G2,  9 . 

% .  Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wing,  7.5  mm. 
9  •  Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

Rather  small.  Form  slender,  elongate.  Head  and  thorax 
punctured.  Angles  of  prothorax  strongly  produced  into  blunt 
processes.  Scutel  and  post-scutel  flattened,  the  former  parted 
by  a  deep  groove.  Metathorax  rounded,  rather  roughly  punctate ; 
its  concavity  strigose ;  bordered  by  a  rather  distinct  salient  lino, 
but  its  angles  obsolete  and  destitute  of  teeth.  Abdomen  delicately 
punctured,  most  distinctly  on  the  first  segment  and  the  border 
of  the  others;  2d  segment  somewhat  swelled  above;  the  first 
segment  narrower  than  the  second ;  its  suture  elevated. 

Shining  black.  Antennae  black,  with  their  first  two  joints  and 
the  under  side  yellow.  A  triangle  on  the  forehead,  a  line  behind 
the  eye,  a  broad  fascia  on  the  edge  of  prothorax,  a  spot  under 
the  wing,  the  scutel,  and  post-scutel,  yellow.  The  first  two 
abdominal  segments  with  a  broad  yellow  margin ;  the  fascia  of 
the  first  widened  on  each  side.  Feet  yellow;  coxae  and  hinder 
femora  except  at  tip,  black,  intermediate  cox£B  yellow  anteriorly. 
Wings  clouded,  principally  at  the  end ;  the  anterior  margin  as 
far  as  the  stigma  ferruginous. 

9  % .  Clypeus  polygonal,  longer  than  wide,  yellow ;  its  inferior 
border  narrowly  truncate,  tenuously  margined  with  black.  Man- 
dibles dentate;  ferruginous,  or  yellowish,  black  at  base  and  tip. 


180 


IIYMENOPTEUA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Hob.  Cuba.     Sent  to  mo  by  Dr.  Gundlach. 

This  species  is  very  distinct,  but  by  its  appearance  might  be 
confounded  with  O.  IlavanenHis,  which  has  quite  u  diflerently 
Ibrmed  abdomen,  having  the  angles  acute,  but  not  so  much  pro- 
duced, and  the  clypeus  notched. 

Its  slender  form  makes  it  resemble  0.  tigris,  although  it  is 
very  different  iu  the  produced  angles  of  prothorax  and  rounded 
metathorax. 

B.  Mel.ithorax  not  distinctly  marrjinate.     Body  not  slender,  of 

normal  form. 

a.  Abdomen  nearly  conical.     The  border  of  the  2d  segment  not  rejlexed. 

Body  velutinoua, 

23.  A.  Parredesi  Sahss. — Niger,  velutino-hirsutus,  argenteo-aericeus ; 
antennis  subtus  ferrugineLs  ;  puucto  frontali,  pronoti  medio  et  tegulis 
in  margine,  ferrugineis ;  abdominis  segmentis  2-5  flavo-raarginatis ; 
secundo  in  margine  valde  punctato  ;  alis  ferrugineis,  apife  griseo-nebu- 
losis. —  9*  Clypeo  infers  ferrugineo-maculato. 

Odynerus  Parredes  Sauss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  273. 

Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wiug,  10.5  mm. 

Appearance  of  the  0.  nasidens.  Clypeus  convex,  quite  finely 
punctured ;  its  inferior  border  truncate,  short,  and  bordered  with 
a  salient  rim,  Prothorax  angulate :  its  angles  almost  dentiform. 
Metathorax  having  its  posterior  plate  punctate  and  striate, 
bordered  by  slightly  salient  ridges ;  its  superior  ridges  arcuate 
in  the  foi'm  of  the  end  of  an  arch,  not  forming  any  superior  angle, 
and  on  each  side  only  a  blunt,  indistinct  angle.  Post-scutel 
blunted,  punctate.  Abdomen  conical ;  the  first  segment  wide, 
anteriorly  tr:mcate ;  its  suture  distinct. 

Insect  blacn,  finely  punctured,  rather  more  strongly  on  the 
metathorax;  all  the  body  covered  with  a  thick  velvety  pile, 
silvery  and  a  little  golden;  the  abdomen  shining  velutinous,  with 
silky  and  golden  reflections,  the  2d  segment  quite  strongly  punc- 
tured along  its  border,  but  not  channelled.  The  antenna;  ferru- 
ginous beneath,  as  also  a  spot  toward  the  base  of  the  clypeus.  A 
dot  between  the  antennae,  a  line  in  the  middle  of  the  prothorax, 
and  the  border  of  the  wing  scale  fawn-colored  or  ferruginous. 
Segments  of  the  abdomen,  all  except  the  first,  adorned  with  a 


ODYNERUS. 


181 


rcj^iilar  yellow  border.  Legs  black,  varied  often  with  ferruginous. 
Wings  ferruginous  with  the  end  gray. 

Var.  The  yellow  passing  into  ferruginous  and  the  ferruginous 
into  yellow. 

i?e.s.s.  a.  diJF. — This  species  wonderfully  resv .  os  those  which 
form  the  group  of  tlie  0.  luisidenx,  but  it  is  sulliciently  distinct 
from  it  in  the  presence  of  the  suture  of  the  first  segment  of  the 
abdomen.     It  is  also  more  slender. 

Ilab.  The  temperate  climes  of  Mexico.  Valley  of  the  Mex- 
tillan.     4  9. 

b.  Abdomen  more  ovalo-conical ,'  the  hordsr  of  the  2d  segment  rugose,  or 

rcjlvxed.  ^-y  J       i 

(Section  I,  6,  Saus.'iukb  Vespides,  I,  139.)        ^-'''^y  /^ 
Group  of  the  Odijtierus  unifascialus.  ^ /   f.O^ 

S4.  At  Ullifasciatlis  Sauss. — Gracilis,  niger,  cribri  instar  punctatus;  j^i  C/^M/"  '^  ^ 
abdominis  secundi  seguienti  margins  canaliciilato,  subrellexo,  perru-  .^k^;,  /.♦*«  **■ 
goso ;  antenniasubtus  ferrngineis ;  punoto  frontali  et  post-oculari,  macula  / 

biloba  pronoti,post-scutelloet  abdominis  primi  segnienti  margine,  flavis. 
—  9-  Clypeo  flavo-bipuuctato. —  %  .  Clypeo,  mandibulis  et  abd.  secundi 
segmenti,  limbo,  flavis.  ; 

Vnriat.  9  secuudo  %  tertio  et  quarto  abd.  segmento  flavo-limbato. 

Odynerus  •mcinatus^  Say,  Boston  Jouru.,  1,  1837,  286,  4.     Say's  Entom. 

(Lk  Conte),  II,  7(j(),  4. 
Odynerus  unifascialus  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  138,  21 ;  III,  205. 

9*  Total  length,  14-15  mm. ;  wing,  11  mm.  , 

%  .  Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8.  ^ 

9.  Form  slender.  Head  and  thorax  cribrosc  with  groat 
separated  punctures.  Clypeus  convex,  strongly  punctured,  widely 
pyriform,  terminated  by  two  very  small,  near  together  and  diverg- 
ing teeth.  Head  strongly  and  densely  punctured.  Thorax  cpiito 
lengthened,  a  little  retracted  posteriorly,  everywhere  strongly 
cribrosc  with  foraminiform  punctures.  Prothorax  finely  bordered, 
without  angles.  Mesothorax  presenting  two  grooves  on  its  hinder 
part.  Metathorax  very  rugose  above,  reticulately  shagrccned, 
corrugated;  its  concavity  quite  flat,  indistinctly  striate  and 
punctate,  without  spines  on  the  sides,  superiorly  bordered  by  an 


•  It  is  evidently  not  the  0.  unifasciatus  which  Fabriciua  described 
under  the  name  of  Vespa  uncinata,  which  is  rather  *hp  Monnhia  4-dens, 
because  he  says  that  all  its  markings  are  suowy-white,  and  that  the  siz« 
is  that  of  the  Vespa  maculata. 


x<ii 


ipl    t/'lL 


J'hrtiv.jrfcc.ini^hi 


t-i^  n(/'^(.   o-u.  v^ 


/ 


a4A 


/ 


4/\i^  cf ^'-. 


182 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


:!lii 


arcuate  trenchant  ridge.  Abdomen  slender;  first  segment  a  little 
narrower  than  the  2d,  distinctly  truncate  anteriorly,  subpedicu- 
lato  at  the  base,  with  the  anterior  face  smooth  ;  the  superior  face 
slightly  widened  behind,  bounded  before  by  a  strong  sutural 
ridge,  very  distinct.  The  abdomen  very  finely  punctured,  but 
the  3d  and  following  segments  rather  stvongly  ko,  and  especially 
the  border  of  the  2d  segment  offering  a  wkh:  zone,  very  strongly 
cribrose,  rugose,  subchannelled,  with  sublurned  up  border.  Near 
the  margin  of  the  1st  segment  one  sees  also  a  line  of  punctures. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  gray-ferruginous  hair.  Two  lateral 
dots  on  the  clypeus,  one  behind  each  eyr  a  mark  on  the  front, 
yellow  or  ferruginous ;  a  bilobate  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  pro- 
thorax  and  post-scutel,  wholly  or  partly  yoUow.  Wing  scales 
brown.  Abdomen  wholly  black  ;  only  the  firat  segment  adorned 
with  a  yellow  border,  suddenly  widened  on  the  sides  (or  joined 
with  two  lateral  spots).  Tibiae  and  tarsi  ferruginous  or  yellow  ; 
antennsB  ferruginous  beneath,  black  above,  with  the  scape  at  times 
wholly  ferruginous  at  the  base.  Wings  of  a  transparent  brown, 
with  violet  reflections,  particularly  obscure  along  the  nervures. 

Var.  A  rpot  beneath  the  wings  and  a  border  on  the  2d  abdo- 
minal segment,  yellow. 

%,  Smaller.  Antennae  very  large,  terminated  by  a  little 
hook;  clypeus  yellow,  with  a  triangular  notch;  labrum  and  man- 
uibles  before,  yellow;  post-scutol  yellow,  or  only  bipunctate  with 
yellow ;  the  2d  abdominal  segment  a  little  compressed  at  the 
base,  bordered  with  yellow;  its  margin  a  little  sinuate,  concave 
arcuate  in  the  middle  above,  more  or  less  retrousse,  compressed  ; 
the  3d  and  4th  segments  often  adorned  with  a  fine  yellow  edging. 
The  border  of  the  1st  segment  often  presents  a  little  of  red ;  some- 
times a  little  widened  on  the  sides.  With  this  species  the  orna- 
ments are  yellow-golden  or  sub-orange. 

Var,  a.  A  yellow  dot  under  the  wing.  Border  of  the  prothorax 
entire,  bilobate. 

6.  %.  Post-scutel  black.  On  the  abdomen  only  two  narrow 
borders.    (Illinois.) 

c.  %.  Head  and  thorax  entirely  black ;  mandib.cs  margined 
with  yellow  :,  ist  abd.  segment  narrowly,  2d  very  narrowly  bor- 
dered with  yellow.     (Florida.) 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  Odynerus  is  quite  easy  to  recognize  hythe 
very  rugose  and  channelled  border  of  the  2d  segment ;  by  the 


ODYNERUS. 


183 


unique  bordering  of  the  first  sogujcnt,  altliouprh  cortaiii  femalos 
possess  a  second  band  like  llie  nialcs ;  by  its  obscure  face;  by  it?* 
slender  form,  by  its  abdomen  wliieii  is  not  briefly  sessile,  and  the 
thickness  of  the  border  of  the  fir.st  segment  of  the  abdomen,  which 
causes  the  2d  segment  to  appear  so  subcompressed  at  its  base. 
See  the  0.  campedris,  to  v/hich  it  is  closely  allied. 

Hah.  The  United  States.  Connecticut.  Illinois.  lou'a. 
Prairies  (Rio  Pecos).    Tennessee.    North  Carolina.    10  9;  12  S. 

Obsei'vation. — Among  the  dried  specimens  one  generally  finds 
the  abdomen  extremely  swelled,  as  if  the  segments  had  been 
violently  distended.  This  peculiarity  belongs  especially  to  this 
species  and  gives  it  an  unusual  appearance. 

25.  A.  cainpestris  Sauss. — Niger,  grosse  punctatus;  metanoti  foveola 
Iiaud  acute  tuarginita,  iiiermi,  striata  et  grossn  punctata;  ab<loinini3 
Sfgineutoium  2'-5'  margine  rugose  punctato ;  antennis  subtua  fulvia, 
scnpo  flavo-lineato;  clypeo  9  flavo,  macula  atra,  %  emarginato,  flavo; 
puncto  froi;!  ili  et  post-ocuiari,  pronoti  et  abd.  segmentorura  l'-3"  liiubo 
(primi  utriuque  aucto),  post-scutello,  maculia  2  scutelli  maculaque  sub 
alari,  tibiis  et  tarsis,  flavis ;  alia  fusco-uebulosia. 

Odynerus  cavipestris  Sa0SS.  Vespides,  I,  137,  18 ;  III,  204,  % . 
9  •  Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  11  mm. 

9.  Head  and  thorax  cribrose  with  great  pits,  quite  visible  to 
the  naked  eye.  Clypeus  py  '.foi-m,  as  wide  as  long,  criljrosc  with 
great  punctures;  its  anterior  border  small,  bordered,  subeoncavo, 
upon  the  vertex  often  a  little  fossctte.  Prothorax  unarmed,  finely 
bordered,  Mesothorax  marked  with  two  grooves;  scutcl  flat; 
post-scutel  short,  sloping.  Metathorax  rounded,  rugose ;  its  con- 
cavity pronounced,  but  not  limited;  divided  by  a  vertical  carina 
which  bifurcates  at  the  summit  to  form  two  arcs  which  indistinctly 
border  the  cavity  at  the  summit ;  the  middle  and  the  bottom  of 
the  concavity  wrinkled ;  the  summit  coarsely  punctured.  Abdo- 
men ovalo-conic,  punctured ;  the  first  segment  large,  almost  as 
wide  as  the  2d ;  borders  of  the  segments  2-5  presenting  a  wide 
coarsely  punctured  zone,  rugose,  but  not  turned  up ;  the  border 
of  2d  segment  sinuous,  forming  a  concave  arc. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  grayish  pile.  Antennae  ferrugi- 
nous beneath.  Clypeus  yellow,  with  a  triangular  black  spot. 
A  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennaa,  a  spot  on  the  front,  one 
behind  each  eye,  border  of  the  prothorax,  a  spot  beneatli  the 
wing,  wing  scales,  two  dots  on  the  scutel,  post-scutel,  and  a 


y' 


r« 


(  I 


,,.^ 


184 


HYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


mm 


iX 


border  upon  segments  2-5  of  tlio  abdomen,  knees,  tlbiie,  and 
tarsi  yellow  ;  the  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  liaving  its  border 
widened  upon  the  sides,  or  rather,  confounded  with  two  lateral 
Bpots ;  border  of  the  bi\  much  narrowed.  Wings  t  aasparent, 
but  washed  with  brown-violet  especially  along  the  borders. 

Var.  Clypeus  black  with  four  yellow  spots,  segments  4  and  5 
of  the  abdomen  with  no  yellow  border. 

% .  Clypeus  omarginate,  yellow ;  mandibles  yellow. 

I  possess  a  male  very  closely  allied  to  A.  unifasciatua  %, 
having  also  the  margins  of  the  2d  and  3d  segments  sinuous  and 
coarsely  punctured.  But  it  differs  from  this  species  in  the  smaller 
hook  of  the  antennae,  in  the  metathorax,  wholly  rugose ;  even  on 
its  concavity,  which  is  less  defined  and  not  striate ;  in  the  first 
abdominal  segment,  which  is  parted  by  a  quite  strong  longitudinal 
groove,  and  in  the  2d  segment  more  compressed  at  its  base.  It 
has  the  same  markings,  unless  the  prothora,\  has  a  little  less  of 
yellow  in  the  middle.  As  this  %  has  the  metathorax  rounded  and 
the  wings  slightly  washed  with  brown,  it  seems  that  it  cannot 
but  belong  to  the  O.  campestris,  unless  it  represents  a  species 
which  may  have  escaped  us. 

It  differs  sometimes  from  the  0.  campentris  in  its  scutellum 
deprived  of  spots  and  in  the  groove  of  the  first  segment  which 
approaches  to  it,  as  well  as  the  sraallness  of  the  anteunary  hook 
of  the  SijmmorpJms. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  the  appearance  of  the  0. 
parietum.  It  can  be  confounded  not  only  with  the  Ancistrocerus 
of  this  group,  but  with  different  Odyneri,  properly  speaking. 

It  differs  from  the  0.  unifasciatus  in  its  more  stubbed  form,  its 
less  violet  wings,  the  less  upturned  border  of  the  2d  abdominal 
segment,  and  in  its  livery,  more  rich  in  yellow  (spot  beneath  the 
wing,  spots  on  the  scutellum,  etc.)  ;  from  the  0.  capra  in  its 
metathoracic  excavation  without  border,  in  its  smaller  size,  its 
more  obscure  wings,  and  the  strong  rugosities  of  the  border  of 
the  2d  and  3d  segment,  etc. ;  from  the  O.  Spinolse,  in  the  same 
characters,  except  that  the  wings  of  this  last  species  are  darker. 

Hah.  The  United  States.  Pennsylvania.  Illinois.  Carolina. 
Connecticut  (7  9). 


36.  A.  tubercilliceps  Sau!«s. — Niger,  grosse  punctatns,  plloso-velu- 
tiiiiis ;  iiianiiibulia,  clypeo,  oculoriim  marginibiis,  pedibus,  pronoto, 
teguli.4,  scntellis,  maculis  subalaribus  et  metanoti,  rufis  ;  antennia  rnfis, 
superne  apioem  veraua  nigris ;  abdomiue  rufo,  segmentis  flavo  margi- 


0DYNERC8. 


1H5 


. 


iiatis,  lOet  20b.asl  nigrescentibiis  ;  aeciindi  niargine  perrngoso,  maxiiim 
canalieulato,  et  reflexo;  iilis  f«rruginei3  apice  iiKniinatis. —  %,  Clypeo 
llavo,  l>i(lentato;  veitice    uberculo  nitido  iiistrncto, 
Odynerus  tuberculocephalus^  Sauss.  Vespidus,  I,  139,  22  ;  pi.  xvi,  flg.  9, 

10a. 
Odynerus  luberculiceps,  Ibid.  Ill,  205. 

9.  Total  length,  13  mm.;  wing,  11  mm. 

%  .  Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wiug,  8  mm. 

Clypeus  pyriform,  strongly  punctured,  truncate,  ami  subbiden- 
tatc  at  the  extremity.  Head  strongly  and  densely  piinoturod. 
Behind  the  ocelli  is  a  little,  indistinct  tubercle,  shaped  like  a  4th 
ocellus.  Anterior  ocellus  very  large.  Thorax  cribrose  with  largo 
distinct  points.  Angles  of  the  prothorax  a  little  prolonged,  sub- 
dentiform;  scutellum  divided  by  a  groove.  Concavity  of  the 
metathorax  appearing  punctured  or  rugosely  striate,  according 
to  the  way  in  which  it  is  seen,  with  the  borders  perfectly  rounded; 
there  is  only  a  little  border  at  the  summit  in  a  feeble  arch. 
Abdomen  punctured  ;  the  1st  segment  narrower  than  the  2d, 
bordered  by  a  slightly  salient  cordon ;  the  2(1  having  its  margin 
very  strongly  annulate,  very  strongly  upturned,  and  very  rugose, 
a  little  sinuate  in  the  middle. 

Insect  clothed  with  long  gray  or  ferruginous  bail',  abdomen 
velvety.  Head  and  thorax  black.  Mandibles,  clypeus,  a  dot 
upon  the  front,  border  of  the  eyes,  interrupted  at  the  summit, 
prothorax,  scutcl,  wing  scales,  two  spots  beneath  the  wings  and 
two  others  on  the  metathorax,  of  a  ferruginous  red.  Mesothorax 
with  two  red  lines.  Abdomen  ferruginous,  with  the  base  of  the 
second  segment  and  the  anterior  face  of  the  first,  blackish. 
Posterior  border  of  all  the  segments  margined  with  yellow,  but 
this  color  often  passing  into  ferruginous  on  the  last  segments. 
Legs  ferruginous ;  femora  black  or  spotted  with  ferruginous. 
Antenna)  red,  with  the  se^^ond  moiety  black  above.  Wings 
washed  with  ferruginous,  wiili  the  end  brownish. 

%.  Notably  smaller.  Clypeus  bidentate,  notched,  yellow,  as 
well  as  the  mandibles  and  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenna) ; 
the  flagellum  with  more  of  black;  hook  very  small,  ferruginous. 
Tubercle  on  the  vertex  very  much  larger  than  that  of  the  female, 
distinct  and  shining.  Concavity  of  the  metathorax  punctured, 
with  little  or  no  superior  border.     Abdomen  a  little  more  com- 


>  Nomeu  mendusum. 


18G 


IIYMENOl'TKUA    OF    AMEHICA. 


[part  I. 


pressed  at  tho  base  of  the  seconu  segment,  the  middle  of  sogmeiitg 
1st,  2d  goMurally  black,  tho  red  less  dovolupod.  Legs  often  varied 
with  yellow. 

Var.  Tho  middle  of  tho  prothorax  a  llttlo  yellow.  The  black 
encroaching  upon  tho  rod.  Tho  scutels  often  black,  bordered 
with  red  ;  tho  nictathorax  also  often  wholly  black ;  tho  sculpture 
of  this  last  appears  also  to  vary  somewhat ;  at  times  tho  red  is 
more  developed.     Metathorax  red  ;  flanks  varied  with  red. 

Itesti.  a.  diff. — Various  Odi/ne.ruH,  properly  speaking,  aro  often 
identical  in  color  vnth  this.  Such  aro  the  O.  Morelise  and  Ouer- 
reri,  but  they  may  be  sufTieicntly  distinguished  from  it  by  tho 
absence  of  tho  tubercle  on  tho  vertex  and  of  the  suture  upon  tho 
1st  segment. 

The  0.  tubercnliceps  hardly  differs  from  tho  0.  Sntterianus, 
but  by  a  less  brilliant  livery  and  by  its  prothorax  slightly  retracted 
and  angles  less  salient. 

Hah.  Tho  temperate  regions  and  the  plateau  of  Mexico.  I 
have  found  this  Odynerus  common  in  the  most  various  localities. 
In  the  eastern  Cordillera;  in  the  valleys  of  Orizaba  and  of  Jalapa, 
of  Uvero  ;  in  the  Sierra  Madro  ;  in  tho  valley  of  Mextillan  ;  in 
Iluastecaon  tho  Pacilic  slope,  and  in  tho  province  of  Mechoacan, 
about  Morelia,  Tuxpan,  Zinapccuaro,  Patzcuaro,  and  finally  on 
the  plateau  in  tho  valley  of  Mexico.     IG  9,  18  %. 

'Zif,  A.  Sutterianus  *i.  sp. — Niger,  O.  tubercuUcipiti  simillimns;  ver- 
tice  tubei'culato,  proiioto  valde  biangulato  ;  abdominis  st^cuudi  s^gmenti 
luarginn  canaliculato,  riigoso,  refl^xo ;  auteiniis  aurantiis,  apiue  supra 
nigrirt  ;  or»,  clypeo,  fascia  post-ooulari,  frontis  macula  et  lineolis  4, 
pronoto  antioe ;  tegulis,  macula  subalari,  post-scutello,  maculia  2  scu- 
telli,  tibiis  tarsisque,  sulfnreis ;  abdomine  sulfureo,  bagmentis  lo,  20, 
basi  uigris  ;  alia  ferrugiueis,  apioe  griaeis. 

Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

9.  Form  and  punctures  exactly  like  those  of  the  0.  tubercu- 
liceps;  clypeus  pyriform,  finely  bidcntate.  Tho  same  tubercle 
on  tho  vertex,  appearing  like  a  fourth  ocellus,  but  the  prothorax 
not  retracted  before,  more  square ;  the  angles  alone  very  salient, 
diverging  and  prolonged,  perhaps  bluntly  terminated,  not  forming 
a  sharp  spine ;  the  abdomen  a  little  more  slender ;  the  margin 
of  the  2d  segment  a  little  less  strongly  upturned ;  the  border  of 


0DYNERU8. 


18T 


the  first  segment  prccedcil  by  a  little  stronger  zone  of  punctures 
nnd  Its  suture  a  little  more  Halieut.  JJortler  of  segments  2-4 
sinuate  in  the  middle. 

Inseet  bluek,  elothed  with  yellowish  hair.  Mandibles  and 
elypeus  yellow;  this  last  very  finely  bordered  with  blaek  and 
often  oflering  on  the  summit  a  vertieal  blaek  line.  A  line  behind 
the  eyes,  a  spot  on  the  front,  and  a  little  vertieal  line  on  their  inner 
border  beneath  the  oeular  sinus;  these  are  blaek.  Anterior 
border  of  the  prothora.v  widely  yellow;  the  yellow  often 
cneroaching  upon  the  surface  and  extending  along  its  hinder 
borders.  Teguhe,  a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  (^ost-scutel,  two 
spots  on  the  scutel,  yellow.  Abdomen  wholly  yelu-w;  the  ante- 
rior face  of  the  first  segment  blaek,  as  well  as  u  depression  at  the 
base  of  the  second  and  often  a  widened  mark  behind,  on  the  first. 
Legs  yellow,  eoxie  and  femora  black.  Antennie  orange  ;  the 
scape  before  yellow  and  the  last  third  black,  or  obscure  above. 
Wings  ferruginous,  with  the  end  gray.  The  markings  are  of  a 
suli)hur-yellow. 

Var.  Scape  of  the  antenna;  yellow  with  a  blaek  line  above. 

%.  Smaller.  Clypeus  yellow,  bidentate.  Antennjc  largo, 
terminated  by  a  small  hook.  Angles  of  prothora.v  vcri/  mlicnt ; 
border  of  2d  segment  very  rugose,  more  strongly  refiexed  ;  1st 
and  2d  segment  with  a  great  black  square  notch  (variable),  the 
following  segments  black,  bordered  with  3'ellow.     Anus  black. 

Reus.  a.  dijf. — This  Odynerus  may  be  almost  considered  as  a 
California  variety  of  the  0.  tuhcrciiUccp^,  in  which  the  red 
markings  have  passed  into  yellow,  all  becoming  reduced  ;  the 
nietathorax  being  black,  etc.  This  insect  presents,  like  the  0. 
mlfureus  and  like  the  Californian  Polistes,  a  striking  example  of 
the  local  influence  of  California  which  tends  to  give  to  insects  a 
uniform  sulphur-yellow  color  by  the  augmentation  in  extent  of 
the  yellow  ornaments  and  the  reduction  of  the  d(;eper  color. 

Hah.  California.  I  owe  twenty  individuals  to  the  kindness  of 
Mr.  Sutter  and  of  Mr.  Berton. 


28.  A.  pilosiis  Sauss. — Niger,  longe  nigro-pilosus,  hirsutiis  ;  pronoto 
angulivto,  nietanoto  ntrinque  teiiuissirae  l>ideiitcato ;  primi  abdominis 
segmenti  siitiira  in  facie  antica  sita ;  2'  segmenti  margine  valde  punctato ; 
puncto  froutali,  piouoti  margiue,  fascia  iuterrupta  in  scutello  et  in  post- 


188 


IlYMKNOl'TKRA    nl'   AMKllICA. 


[part  I. 


S 
■^'i 
<) 


Hcutfllo,  tegiili»,  aluloininiHiiuH  flegiiiHiitorum  I',  ^'  marginu,  nlbiilirt ;  alia 
vix  iiil'uuiatiii. —  %  ,  Clypeo  alhido  truimatd. 

Oi/i/nems  iiilosiu  Saumh.  Kt.  Vexpidea,  III,  1218,  111  (1S54). 
JIab.  I'uru.     (Type  in  the  museum  of  Puris.) 

c.  Aliilomrn  not  as  sessili.;  itsjirat  segment  narrowed,  dtntlnrthj  narrower  than 
the  second,  which  is  in  the  shujie  of  a  hawk's  Ml,  with  a  rejUxed  mnnjin, 
Meiiilhurax  nat  excavated  in  the  form  nf  a  wide  carily,  but  of  a  wide 
channel. 

S19.  A.  Arif^tac  Sauss. — Medina,  ulger,  argenteo-aerlcPiiR ;  punnto  frontail 
tit  j)()sl-oculari  lliivo ;  thonice  piuuitato ;  pronoto  valdo  biangulato,  iti 
medio  flavo-notato ;  metaiioto  convexo,  in  uieilio  caiialiculato-diviso; 
abdoiuino  hand  sessili,  piiiuo  segiueiito  late  iiifiiiidibulifonnl  sutura 
angulata,  secundo  ventrii!(i.so,  niargine  iiiaxinie  canaliciilato,  rugoso  et 
rellexo  ;  Kegiiieiitis  oiunilius  llavo-inargiiiatis ;  alis  ferniginelH. —  'J,. 
Clypeo  Have,  bidentato ;  aiitennia  subtus  ferruginein,  scapo  flavo-fasciato. 

Odijnerns  Ariatie  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.,  IX,  18r)7,  274. 

%  .  Total  lengtli,  12  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 

Slzo  moderate.  Form  wide,  stubbed.  Protlionix  armed  on 
cacli  side  with  a  strong  tooth,  its  anterior  border  wide  and  turned 
uj).  Post-scutel  blunt.  Alotatliorax  forming  two  convexities, 
swelled,  separated  by  a  profound  striate  furrow,  whieh  is  divided 
by  a  vertical  carina ;  the  convexities  bordered  exteriorly  by  the 
lateral  edge  of  the  metathorax  which  is  prolonged  as  far  as  its 
inferior  extremity.  Abdomen  quite  misshaped;  the  first  segment 
widely  bell-shaped,  the  suture  very  distinct,  not  being  straight, 
but  forming  in  the  middle  an  angle  directed  backward;  its 
superior  face  short  and  wide,  the  posterior  boi\i;>r  formed  by  a 
cordon,  along  which  is  a  line  of  punctures.  Second  segment 
V  idened  and  a  little  I'etracted  posteriorly  in  the  form  of  a  hawk's 
i)ell;  its  posterior  border  tv?-?/  Kironghj  canal iculate,  very  strongJij 
vplurned,  undulating  in  the  middle.  Head  densely,  thorax  more 
strongly  but  less  densely  puncturgd.  First  segment  of  the 
abdomen  slightly  punctured  near  its  border;  the  second  segment 
very  much  so  toward  its  hinder  part,  and  cribrosc  with  rugose 
punctures  in  its  strong  flutings ;  the  following  segments  having 
the  borders  punctured,  especially  in  the  middle. 

Insect  black;  all  its  body  covered  with  a  beautiful  silvery 
velvet  pile,  above  all  on  the  abdomen  which  has  beautiful  reflec- 


ODYNKKLii. 


180 


tions.  A  spot  on  the  front,  one  bdiiiul  the  eye,  a  little  liiu!  in 
Mio  iniilUlu  of  tlio  prothorux,  yellow,  'rcj^iiliu  blu(;k,  Ijordorcd 
with  brown.  All  tlio  scfj^nuMits  of  the  ubdonioa  regularly  niurj^int'd 
with  yellow;  the  first  earryiiifij  but  one  luirrow  yellow  bund;  the 
seeond  widely  bordered.  Lej^s  blaek,  knee.s,  tibitu,  uiid  tiu'si 
varied  with  ferruginous.  Wing.s  washed  with  yellowitsh,  with  the 
end  grayish. 

^.  Clypeus  yellow,  wider  than  long,  notched  in  a  half  eirele 
and  strongly  bidentate ;  its  teeth  ([uito  removed.  Lal)runi  and 
mandibles  yellow.  Antennui  black,  teriuiiuited  by  u  little  hook, 
ferruginous  beneath,  with  a  yellow  lino  on  the  scape. 

Jiexs.  a.  diff. — A  species  very  distinct  by  its  form,  by  tho 
angular  suture  of  the  lirst  segment  and  l)y  the  very  deep  flutings 
of  tho  secjnd;  l)y  its  slightly  sessile  abdomen  and  its  watery 
reflections.  IJy  its  velvety  reflections,  this  species  recalls  the  0. 
Parrcdcsi,  but  its  forms  are  entirely  ditferent. 

Hab.  The  temperate  regions  of  Mexico.  I  took  two  mules 
about  Yuutepec  in  tho  south  of  the  province  of  Mexico. 

Division  STENANCISTROCERUS. 

Saussdre  Vespidus,  I,  Beut.  1,  c,  p.  140 ;  III,  Suo.  2,  p.  129. 

Form  lengthened;  body  slender  and  cylindrical,  rather  than 
depressed.  Prothorax  little  retracted  or  none,  anrjulate ; 
abdomen  cylindrical  or  campanulate,  often  little  sessile. 
First  segment  bell-shaped,  rounded  before,  or  cHpuliform, 
or  in  the  form  of  a  truncate  or  suhpediculate  bell;  often 
lengthened,  its  two  faces  frequently  not  being  distinctly 
separated,  but  jjassing  from  one  to  the  other  convexly  ;  the 
suture  variable,  often  irregular,  either  a  little  .salient  or 
followed  by  a  frayxsverse  fluting,  of  ten  placed  on  the  anterior 
face.  Tlie  ivhole  insect  strongly  p)unctared ;  the  abdomen 
in  most  cases  coarsely  jyu)\ctured. 

The  insects  of  this  division  are  remarkable  by  their  elonga- 
tion, and  by  their  cylindrical  or  compressed  form.  The  clypeus 
is  generally  narrower  than  in  the  Ancistrocerus,  properly 
speaking.  The  thorax  is  arched  above,  cribroso  with  great  punc- 
tures, and  the  grooves  of  the  niesothorax,  in  general,  wholly 
wanting.  The  togula)  are  large  and  closely  fitted,  containing  the 
arch  of  the  back,  and  behind  these  one  sees  an  apophyse  or 


190 


HYMENOPTEKA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


appendix,  and  on  each  side  of  the  scutel  is  a  distinct  depression. 
While  ill  the  true  Ancislrocerus  the  post-scutel  is  nearly  always 
truncate  posteriorly,  having  a  posterior  face  (with  rare  excep- 
tions),' ill  Stenor^ynerus  it  is  not  truncate  but  angulate  posteriorly ; 
the  metathorax  being  produced  a  little  beyond  the  post-scutel  and 
not  so  sharply  truncate  posteriorly,  from  which  circumstance  the 
posterior  angle  of  the  post-scutel  is  not  cut  off.  The  posterior 
plate  of  the  metathorax  never  offers  a  basin  regularly  bordered 
as  in  the  true  Aiicistrocerus,  and  with  spiniform  angles.  The 
abdomen  is  in  general  strongly  punctured;'''  the  first  segment 
being  also  as  much  or  more  strongly  punctured  than  those  follow- 
ing. This  segment  is  sometimes  convex,  rounded,  at  times  divided 
into  two  distinct  faces  by  the  suture  as  with  the  true  Odyncrus ; 
but  the  superior  face  is  often  narrow  and  lengthened,  not  short 
and  wide  as  in  the  true  Anrixtrocrruf!. 

The  suture  is  often  placed  at  once  on  the  declivity  of  the  ante- 
rior face  of  the  first  segment.  It  is  subject  to  become  indistinct, 
so  that  one  does  not  know  whether  to  consider  it  as  a  suture  or 
a  simple  line  of  rugosities.  Among  certain  species  one  perceives 
a  double  rugose  line  and  between  the  two  lines  a  sort  of  fluting, 
so  that  the  segment  appears  to  have  two  sutural  lines. 

The  Sti'nancislrocerus  have  an  appearance,  which,  when  it  is 
known,  permits  one  to  distinguish  them  quite  easily  from  the  true 
Ancistrocerus,  the  form  being  wider  and  more  flattened.  But 
they  resemble  in  so  striking  a  manner  certain  Slenodijm'run,  that 
one  can  confound  them  with  these  last,  and  there  are  very  many 
species  of  each  group  with  forms  so  correspondent,  that  without 
the  presence  or  the  absence  of  the  suture  at  the  base  of  the 
abdomen,  one  would  confound  them  specifically.  (Sec  the  Ody- 
nerus  of  the  Division  StenodyncruH.) 

In  fine,  I  will  indicate  as  an  empirical  guide,  what  may  servo 
to  distinguish  the  AncUtrocerus,  properly  called,  from  the 
Stenancistrocerus;  in  the  first  the  band  on  the  1st  abdominal 
segment  is  in  general  either  regular  or  widened  on  the  sides, 
while  in  the  second  it  is  either  regular  or  retracted  on  the  sides. 

'  Ancintrocenis  clni/iilaliis  Cress. 

2  The  species  of  South  America,  particularly  those  of  Chili,  often  have 
the  abdouieu  feebly  punctured. 


0DYNERU8. 


191 


Table  to  assist  in  the  determitidtion  of  the  species  of  Division 

STENANClSTROCEBaS.' 


1.  Wings  fascous. 
2.  Body  black,  ornaments  luteons  or  yellow. 

3.  No  separate  spots  on  the  second  segment. 


30. 
31. 

39. 


f  Azteeus. 

l  fjuudriseclus, 

dejectus. 


3,  3.  Two  separate  spots  on  the  second  segment. 
2,  2.  Body  black  and  rufous.  3(3.  hislrio. 

1, 1.  Wings  smoky  or  snbhyaline. 

2.  The  first  .'.bdoniinal  segment  rufous.  36.  histrio. 

3.  Insect  black  and  yellow  (the  fasciae  sometimes  rufous). 

4.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  yellow  spot  on  each  side. 

5.  Segments  1st  and  I'd  only,  margined  wit.!;  yellow. 

C.  Scutel  yellow  ;  first  abdominal  segment  without  separate 
yellow  spots,  narrow.  33.  obliqmis. 

6,  6.  Scutel  black  ;  segments  1  and  2  with  yellow  spots,  about 

equally  wide.  ^^-  /  «<^<:^^<^'-i^' 

39.  l  dejectus, 

5,  5.  More  than  two  segments  margined  with  yellow. 

Segments  1,  2,4,  margined  with  yellow.    42.  occidentalis. 
Segmentsl,2, 5,  margined  with  yellow.    39.  dejectus. 
Segments  1-5  margined  vr.'c.x  yellow.      43.  Paraeiisis, 
4,4.  Second  abdominal  segment  without  yellow  spots. 

5.  First  abdominal  segment  with  a  lateral  spot  on  fascia  ante- 

riorly. 37.  jfnlnpes. 

40.  I  Bravo. 
5,  5.  First  abdominal  segment  without  lateral  separate  spot. 

6.  Only  the  first  t\fo  abdominal  segments  margined  with 

yellow  or  luteous. 
7.  Anterior  margin  only  of  prothorax  adorned  with  yellow. 
Species  of  South  America.  34.  incommodus. 

Species  of  Mexico.  40.  Brnnn. 

Species  of  Chili.  /  amhl,jnm^ 

35.  i  sriibriiisculus, 

7,  7.  Posterior  margin  of  prothorax  adorned  with  yellow. 

32.   Fariasi. 

6,  6.  More  than  two  yellow  fascite. 

7.  Anteriormargin  of  prothorax  yellow,    41.   Gnzmam. 
7,7.  Posterior  margin  of  prothorax  yellow,  or  prothorax  quite 
^'*<^'^'  44.   Sianichrasti. 


'  Compare  also  the  tables  of  Division  Ancistrocerus,  prop.  diet,  (page 
158),  and  of  Division  Stenodynerus. 
»  Vide  BUpra,  Division  Ancistrocerus,  prop.  diet.  p.  159,  9,  et  162,  9. 


192 


IIYMENOPTEUA   OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


1.  Form  lengthened.  Metathorax  prolonged  horizontally  behind 
the  post-scutel,  then  truncate  verticalhj ;  offering  above,  in 
the  rear  of  the  poHt-scutel,  a  mrt  of  eavitij  limited  poste- 
riorly by  a  vertical  plate  divided  by  a  fxfiure.  First  abdo- 
minal segment  entirely  sessile,  xoide,  distinctly  truncate 
anteriorly,  so  as  to  form  a  sharp  transverse  ridge,  its 
suture  indistinct,  especially  in  the  middle.  Vertex  of  the 
females  offering  two  little  mammse  filled  with  hair.  Males 
nearly  as  large  as  the  females.^ 

(Group  of  the  0.  quadrisectus.) 

(Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  p.  145,  Sect.  2d. — Division  Pseudodijnerus. 

Ibid.  Ill,  220.) 

30.  A,  Aztecus  Sauss. — Gracilis,  iiiger,  nitidus,  grosse  foraminato- 
punctatus ;  vertice  arcubus  duobiis  penieillatis  instructo ;  luetanoto 
pone  post-scutellum  producto,  postice  foveolato,  superne  cristulam  per 
fissuram  divisain  ferente;  abdomine  dmse  jmnotato  ;  antennis  subtiia 
ferrugineis,  scapo  flavo-lineato;  uiand'buli-  ^:>  iis  anticis,  puncto  fron- 
tali ;  clypeo  $>  lineolis  4,  %  omnino,  pronoti  at  abd.  segmentorum  1,  2 
margine,  post-scutello,  macula  subalari,  nietanotl  punctis  G,  et  primi 
segmt;nti  puncto  utrinque,  luteis  ;  alls  infuscatis  violaceis. 

Odi/nerus  Aztecus  Sauss.  Revue  de  Zool.,  1857,  275. 

Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  15  ram. 

9.  A  species  closely  allied  to  the  0.  i-sectus,  liaving  the  same 
form,  but  smaller.  Clypeus  pyriform,  very  coarsely  punctured, 
with  a  depressed  point,  and  carrying  toward  the  apex  a  vertical 
groove.  Head  and  thorax  polished,  cribrose  with  great  holes. 
On  the  vertex,  behind  the  ocelli,  one  sees  two  tubercles  of  brown 
hair;  or  a  double  bush  of  hair  surrounding  a  -niooth  space. 
Anterior  border  of  the  prothorax  slightly  con;!.':';  Its  angles 
sharp.  Metathorax  not  retracted  behind;  itfc  ■■  p^^rior  face 
cribrose  with  strong  punctures  like  the  remainder  of  t  lo  thorax. 
Its  concavity  smooth,  excavated,  finely  punctured,  with  blunted 
I)orders,  except  at  its  superior  extremity,  where  it  is  terminated 
by  a  little  vertical  plate.     Abdomen  quite  slender ;  its  first  seg- 

'  In  the  third  volume  of  my  Etudes  sur  la  Fam.  de  Ve/^pides,  p.  220,  I 
have  placed  in  this  Division  the  0.  luntunsuf,  but  it  would  be  better  placed 
in  the  Subgenus  Odynerus.  (See  below  the  corresponding  Section  formed 
by  this  species  ) 


ODYNERUS. 


193 


ment  cribrose  with  punctures  of  a  little  less  size  than  those  of  the 
thorax,  its  suture  distinct;  near  to  its  border,  a  badly  marked 
depression.  The  remainder  of  the  abdomen  less  strongly  and 
densely  punctured;  the  punctures  throwing  forth  some  short, 
gray  hairs. 

Insect  black.  Antennaj  ferruginous  above.  Mandibles  before, 
borders  of  the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  two  little  lines  toward  its 
base,  a  dot  on  the  forehead,  scape  of  the  antenna)  before,  border 
of  the  prothorax,  a  large  spot  beneath  the  wing,  a  dot  on  the 
wing  scale  and  its  posterior  appendix  and  post-scutel,  of  a  pale 
yellow.  One  sees  in  additi  jn,  six  yellow  spots  on  the  metathorax, 
two  at  the  sides  of  the  post-scutel,  two  on  the  angles  of  its 
posterior  plate,  and  two  lines  at  the  top  of  its  concavity.  Segments 
1,  2,  ornamented  with  a  border  of  the  same  color,  narrow,  sub- 
marginal,  and  at  times  interrupted  on  the  2d  segment;  the  first 
adorned  in  addition  with  two  lateral  dots  which  at  times  join 
themselves  to  the  border.  Legs  black,  tarsi  brownish,  anterior 
tibia)  yellow  before.  Wings  of  a  transparent  brown  with  beauti- 
ful violet  reflections. 

%.  Clypeus  bidentate,  yellow,  with  a  very  fine  black  edging 
all  around  it.  Vertex  with  no  hairy  tubercles.  A  pale  yellow 
spot  on  the  front.     Hook  of  the  antenna)  brownish. 

Var.  Tiie  yellow  markings  more  or  less  extended ;  the  border- 
ing of  the  prothorax  interrupted,  and  the  concavity  of  the  meta- 
thorax bordered  witi.  whitish. 

Hab.  The  coast  of  Mexico.     I  caught  9  %  near  Tampico. 

31>  A.  qiiadrisectus  Say. — Validus,  gracilis,  grosse  foraminato- 
punctatus ;  clypeo  apice  truncato ;  corpore  albido-variegato ;  maculis 
2  uiagiMs  proDoti,  macula  subalari,  post-scutello,  maculis  2  magiiis 
metanoti,  abdominisque  segmeutorum,  1',  2'  limbo,  albidis ;  primo 
superne  albido,  macula  nigra  ;  alis  nigro-violaceis. 

Odynerus  quadrisectus  Say,  Bost.  Journ.   1,  1837,  385,  1. — Sacss.    Et. 

Vespides,  III,  206.<— Say's  Entom.  (Le  Conte),  II,  765,  1. 
Odynerus  Bellone  Lepel    St.  Farg.  Hymen.  II,  660,  40  (1841).— Sauss. 

Et.  Vespld.,  I,  146,  32,  pi.  xvi,  fig.  10,  ? . 

Total  length,  20  mm. ;  wing,  16  mm. 


'  The  variety  fig.  1.  o.  pi.  ix,  fig.  9,  J ,  is  quite  a  different  species.   Comp. 
Monobia  maxiUaris. 

18 


/ 


cJ- 


^-.. 


104 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


9.  Of  a  shining  'lack,  closely  allied  to  the  form  of  the  0. 
Aztecus,  but  larger,  and  with  the  whitish  markings  more 
developed.  Upon  the  vertex  two  tubercles  of  brown  hair.  Body 
equally  cribrose  with  great  punctures,  but  the  metathora.x  insen- 
sibly retracted  behind;  and  its  vertical  plate  a  little  more  elevated. 
The  second  segment  a  little  more  swelled  above,  so  as  to  imitate 
a  sort  of  indistinct  tubercle.  Mandibles  often  spotted  with 
yellow  at  their  base.  Clypeus  black,  ornamented  toward  the  top 
with  two  lateral  yellow  lines,  its  inferior  extremity  truncate  and 
cut  out  into  a  furrow  rather  than  a  groove.  A  line  on  the  scape 
of  the  antennaj,  a  spot  on  the  forehead,  two  great  triangular  spots 
on  the  prothorax,  a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  two  dots  on  the  wing 
scales,  post-scutcl,  two  great  slashed  spots  on  the  metathorax  and 
the  border  of  the  first  two  segments  of  the  abdomen,  whitish. 
The  first  segment  yellow  above,  with  a  triangular  black  spot  or 
having  at  least  two  lateral  spots  reunited  with  the  bordering. 
Wings  brown  with  violet  reflections. 

% .  Clypeus  of  the  same  form  with  that  of  the  female,  offering 
at  the  summit  a  white  arc  and  below  two  white  lengthened  spots 
(or  almost  entirely  white) ;  this  color  terminates  toward  the 
bottom  in  four  teeth  and  ofteti  presents  in  the  middle  a  black  dot. 
Hook  of  the  antenna)  ferruginous.  No  little  hairy  mamma)  on 
the  vertex. 

Var.  a.  Two  yellow  spots  on  the  scutellura. 

b.  Post-scutel  black.  Two  yellow  spots  on  the  prothorax  and 
two  on  the  metathorax ;  only  two  yiHow  spots  on  the  border  of 
the  second  segment  of  the  abdomen  (Sauss.  Yespides,  III,  pi.  ix, 
fig.  9).  This  last  variety  nniy  be  noted  as  like  that  of  St.  Marte 
in  Columbia,  in  South  America.  It  may  very  well  bo  a  distinct 
species  from  the  0.  i-seclus. 

Hah.  The  United  States,  especially  at  the  South.  I  possess 
specimens  taken  in  Louisiana,  Florida,  Carolina,  Tennessee, 
Pennsylvania. 

Itess.  a.  diff. — This  species  differs  from  the  0.  Aztecus,  by 
the  entire  border  of  the  clypeus,  by  its  black  antonnte  and  feet, 
by  its  greater  size,  and  by  its  always  more  extended  ornaments. 
These  are  in  general  whitish,  at  times  of  a  i)ale  golden.  It  bears 
a  great  resemblance  at  times  to  the  0.  luctuosus. 


ODYNERUS. 


195 


2.  Form  very  slender.  Melathorax  nut  so  distinctly  produced 
behind  the  post-scutel ;  its  concavity  large,  limits  rather 
well  defined.  First  abdominal  segment  elongate,  bell-shaped, 
having  a  distinct  suture. 

(Group  of  0.  histrio.) 

A.  'First  segment  of  the  abdomen  rather  funnel-shaped  or  bcll- 
shajyed,  truncate  anteriorly. 

32.  A.  Fariasi  Sauss. — Sat  minutus,  gracilis,  foraminato-piinctatus  ; 
pronoto  bidentato,  metathoracis  foveola  grosse  punctata,  angulata ;  ab- 
dominis primo  segmento  infundibuliformi,  basi  truncato,  secundo 
angustiore ;  antennis  et  tarsis  subtus  ferrugineis ;  pronoti  marginibus 
t«uuissimo  albido-limbatis,  post-scutelli  limbo  antico,  macula  subalari, 
lineolis  2  in  metanoti  cautbis  abdominisque  vittis  2,  albidis.—  %  .  Cly- 
peo  albido,  elongato,  bidentato. 

Odynerus  Farias  Sacss.  Rev.  de  Zool.,  1857,  IX,  274. 

9  % .  Total  length,  11  mm. ,  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Slender,  lengthened.  Head  densely  cribrose  with  great 
punctures.  Clypeus  bearing  some  great  shallow  punctures, 
strongly  bicarlnate  toward  the  bottom.  An  impressed  point  on 
the  vertex.  Thorax  smooth,  cribrose,  with  holes  slightly  sepa- 
rated ;  metathorax  rugose  above.  Prothorax  scarcely  retracted 
before ;  its  anterior  border  concave ;  its  angles  spiniforra. 
Metathorax  retracted  and  slightly  prolonged  behind  the  post- 
scutel,  then  truncate ;  its  posterior  plate  forming  rather  a 
truncation  than  a  concavity ;  this  plate  a  little  triangular ; 
widened  at  the  summit,  retracted  below,  its  form  sharply  defined, 
although  with  little  or  no  border;  having  its  latero-inforior 
borders  armed  with  a  trenchant  edge  directed  backward,  and  which 
terminates  infcriorly  in  two  strong  teeth  between  which  fits  the 
base  of  the  abdomen;  the  contour  of  the  cavity  angulate,  forming 
on  each  side  a  sharp  angle,  but  which  is  not  detached  in  the  form 
of  a  tooth ;  the  summit  of  the  plate  cribrose  with  great  punc- 
tures, but  the  lower  portion  is  excavated  into  a  striate  furrow, 
punctured,  and  divided  by  a  vertical  carina.  The  whole  plate 
defined  in  a  manner  comparable  to  a  double  pentagon,  character- 
istic of  the  Ancistrocerns,  properly  called  (comp.  p.  157,  ex.  0. 
capra),  but  here  the  pentagon  is  lengthened,  higher  than  wide. 
Abdomen  lengthened,  the  first  segment  prolonged,  bell-shaped, 


196 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[PART  I. 


but  truncate  before,  narrower  than  the  2(1  segment;  its  superior 
face  lengthened  trapezoidal,  offering  at  times  a  trace  of  a  longi- 
tudinal groove  ;  the  suture  distinct,  placed  on  the  anterior  fourth 
of  the  segment,  but  clearly  separating  the  anterior  and  superior 
faces.  Second  segment  prolonged,  slightly  retracted  at  its  base  ; 
its  surface  cribrosc  with  great,  slightly  separated,  punctures, 
more  crowded  toward  the  posterior  extremity ;  the  following 
segments  finely  punctured.  Border  of  the  2d  segment  not  chan- 
nelled. 

Insect  black,  with  some  gray  reflections.  Antennae  ferrugi- 
nous beneath.  A  dot  on  the  front,  an  edging  ornamenting  the 
anterior  and  the  posterior  border  of  the  prothorax,  a  lino  on  each 
side  on  the  ridges  of  the  metathorax,  the  anterior  border  of  the 
post-scutel  and  a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  whitish,  or  pale-fawn 
color.  Posterior  border  of  abdominal  segments  1  and  2  orna- 
mented by  a  whitish  cordon  ;  that  of  the  2d  segment  very  slender. 
Knees  and  tarsi  slightly  ferruginous.  Wings  hyaline  or  washed 
with  brown.  Tegulaj  bordered  with  ferruginous;  their  appendix 
very  wide,  squamiform,  yellow. 

Var.  Two  spots  or  yellow  lines  on  the  summit  of  the  clypeus. 

% .  Abdomen  more  rugose,  also  more  of  venter ;  the  2d  seg- 
ment more  swelled,  and  more  compressed  sit  its  base  ;  no  little 
excavation  on  the  vertex.  Clypeus  prolonged,  terminated  by 
two  blunt  teeth,  whitish;  the  carina  of  the  front,  the  scape 
beneath,  and  a  line  bordering  the  orbit  as  far  as  the  bottom  of 
the  sinus,  whitish.  Antennae  fawn-colored  beneath,  with  the  last 
articles  black ;  the  hook  black,  lengthened  and  arcuate. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  very  remarkable  in  the  structure 
of  its  metathorax.  It  approaches  in  its  form  to  Symmorphus, 
the  first  segment  being  narrower  than  the  second  and  carapauu- 
late,  and  the  metathorax  being  truncate  as  in  the  Symmorphus ; 
but  it  belongs  distinctly  to  the  subgenus  Ancistrocerus,  as  is 
evident  from  the  absence  of  the  distinct  dividing  groove  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment,  the  cylindrical  form  of  the  thorax,  the 
prothorax  not  retracted,  the  kind  of  punctures,  the  pyriform 
clypeus,  and  the  presence  of  a  large  hook  on  the  antennae  of  the 
male ;  the  mesothorax  offers  no  more  longitudinal  grooves ;  the 
post-scutel  is  not  rugose,  nor  the  2d  segment  smooth  as  with  the 
Symmorphus.     It  has  quite  the  form  of  the  0.  incommodus,  but 


0DYNERU8. 


197 


is  distinct  from  it  in  not  having  the  border  of  the  2d  sognieut  at 
all  turned  up. 

Hab.  The  Mexicaa  coast.     Tampico  and  the  barraucas  of  the 
Cordillera.     15  ?,  12S. 


33.  A.  obliqilUS  Cresii. — Niger,  nitidua,  sulfareo-multipictua  ;  anten- 
iiis  basi  flavis  ;  prouoti  angu'i.s  in  duiiteta  produutis  ;  luetanoto  postice 
plaiiato ;  abdominis  Heginenti <  1^  2^  late  Havo-maiginatin ;  2^  baai  flavo' 
liimacalato;  lo  valde  pnnctato.Talde  angustforequam  secnndum ;  sutura 
distincta ;  alia  rugalosia,  ooata  et  Btigmate  ferruginesceutibus ;  macula 
radiali  fusca. 

Odjjnerua  obliquua  Ckbss.  Philad.  Ent.  Proc,  IV,  1865,  1G3. 

Total  length,  8.5  mm. ;  wing,  C.5  mm. 

%.  Small,  punctate,  very  shining.  Head  circular.  Thora.x 
rather  attenuated  behind;  prothora.^c  square,  polished  ;  its  angles 
rather  dentiform;  scutels  flattened,  polished;  metathorax  polished, 
but  slightly  punctate,  flattened  behind,  destitute  of  lateral  angles, 
with  the  lateral  carina;  not  very  sharp.  Abdomen  slender ;  the 
first  segment  small,  half  as  wide  as  the  second,  rather  elongate- 
bell-shaped,  punctate  like  the  thora.x ;  bearing  an  obsolete 
depression  ;  its  suture  very  distinct.  Second  segment  ovate,  as 
long  as  wide,  with  effaced  or  delicate  punctures,  subtuberculate 
above. 

Black.  Antennae  fulvous  beneath;  the  first  two  joints  yellow, 
mandibles  yellow ;  the  forehead  between  the  antenna;,  sinus  of 
the  eye,  and  a  broad  margin  behind  them,  sulphur-yellow ;  a 
broad  anterior  margin  on  the  prothorax ;  the  large  tegulse,  a 
large  spot  beneath  the  wing,  scutel,  post-scutel,  angles  of  meta- 
thorax, a  broad  marginal  fascia  on  the  border  of  the  first  two 
abdominal  segments,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  at  the  base  of  the 
second  segment,  sulphur-yellow.  Feet  yellow  ;  coxa;  black,  the 
1st  and  2d  pair  yellow  anteriorly ;  posterior  coxae  and  femora 
black.  Wings  subhyaline,  cloudy,  principally  at  the  extremity, 
with  a  dark  cloud  in  the  radial  cell ;  the  anterior  costa  and  the 
stigma  rather  ferruginous ;  sometimes  the  wing  is  ferruginous 
with  its  apex  smoky. 

9 .  Clypeus  pyriforra,  punctate,  bidentate,  yellow,  with  its  apex 
black. — %.  Clypeus  yellow,  rounded-pentagonal,  terminated  by 
two  little  triangular  teeth,  separated  by  a  triangular  notch.  The 
yellow  margin  of  the  second  segment  is  wide  and  regular ;  that 
of  the  first  not  so  wide  and  rather  narrowed  on  the  sides. 


198 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


m 


iiwi 


Jit'tis.  a.  diff. — In  its  size  ontl  colors,  tliis  has  rather  tho 
appearance  of  0.  cingulalua,  but  is  very  distinct  from  it  in  its  more 
slender  body;  its  metatborax,  without  bordered  cavity ;  its  narrow 
first  abdominal  segment,  with  the  yellow  margin  narrowed,  not 
widened  at  the  sides,  and  in  the  two  yellow  spots  of  the  2d  seg- 
ment. These  spots  and  tho  partly  ferruginously  tinged  wings 
distinguish  it  from  all  the  other  Stenancidroaerus. 

Ilab.  Cuba  (Dr.  Gundlach). 

34.  A.  incommodiis  Sauss. 

Odynerus  incommodtis  Sahss.  Ves<pides,  I,  143,  29,  'J,  1852. 
0.  tolteco  affinis  species  at  diversa. 

Hah.  America  meridionalis.  Columbia  (Typus  in  mus.  Pari- 
siensi). 

B.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  inform  of  a  prolonged  bell, 
rather  squarely-rounded,  about  as  wide  as  the  second  seg- 
ment, not  contracted  before. 

a.  First  segme^it  sharply  truncate  anteriorly. 

35.  A.  scabriusculus  Spin.— Parvnius,  niger,  gracillimus,  elongatns, 
cylindricus,  valde  punctatua  ;  clypeo  J  convexo,  puuctato,  apice  tiuii- 
cato;  thorace  elongato,  autice  lato,  bidentato  ;  postiue  augustiore  ;  ubi- 
que  grosse  punctato ;  nietanoti  rngosi  foveola  punctata  marginibns  rngo- 
sis,  superue  canthia  protniuulis  acatis  marginata ;  his  a  post-soatello 
per  fissuram  sejuuctis  ;  abdomine  gracillimo,  cylindrico;  primo  seg- 
mento  basi  distinote  trunoato,  supra  grosse  punctato ;  secundo  elongato, 
dense  punctuto ;  baud  latiore  quam  primum,  margine  liaud  rugose ; 
anteunis  subtus  ferrngineis  ;  puncto  frontali  et  oculari,  pronoti  marginis 
antici  fascia  sinnata,  macula  subalari,  tegulis,  post-scntello,  abdomi- 
nisque  segmentorum  1',  2'  limbo  albidis ;  tibiis  extus  albidis.  Alis 
hyalinis.     Longit.  7.5  ram. 

%  .  Clypeo  emarginato,  albido ;  fascia  in  soapo  et  orbitarnm  margine  in- 
terne, albidis. 

Odytierus  scahrlusculua  Spinola,  in  Gay's  Hist,  fisica  de  Chile.  Zool.,  VI, 
2(j2.— Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  140,'  24 ;  III,  pi.  xi,  fig.  1,  % . 

Hab.  Chili. 

This  Odynerus  is  remarkable  by  its  very  slender  form  and  by 
its  first  abdominal  segment  being  sharply  truncate,  in  such  a 

'  Page  141,  in  place  of:  ferrwjineux,  resid /oi-lement  ponctui. 


ODYNKKUS. 


199 


niunncr  that  there  exists  one  anterior  niul  one  superior  face,  dis- 
tinclly  separuli'il  by  a  trenchant  rid^-e  whicii  licnrrf  tlu'  indistinttt 
suture.  Tills  segment  is  not  eanipanulate,  hut  almost  as  wide 
before  as  on  Its  posterior  border.'  Tho  2d  segment  is  hardly 
wider  than  the  first. 


h.  First  ahdominal  segment  mnre  rounded  anterinrli/,  rather  I'de  <i  square  hell. 
(^Metatliorax  slighili/  prolonged  behind  the  post-scutel ;  then  truncate  ;  its 
concavity  rounded.     Bodj  rugose.) 

36.  A.  histrio  Lep. — Gr.iciUimus,  rugoslssime  punotatna ;  nietanoto 
rugosissimo  profunde  foveolato,  foveolte  cantliis  valde  proinineiit.ibus 
et  acutia ;  iiiger,  antemiis,  miicnla  fiontali  et  oculaii,  pronoto  aiitice, 
tegulis,  macula  8ul)alari,  post-scutello,  metanoto  iitrinque,  aldoiuinis 
priiuo  segmeiito  pedibusque  rufls  ;  alls  cyanesceiitibus. 

Vuriat.  Post-scutello  et  abdoiuiuis  segiueutorum  1',  vul  1',  2*  luargine, 
amantiacis. 

Odynerus  histrio  Lep.  St.  Farg.  Ilymduopt.  II,  638,  23»  (1841).— Sauss. 

Vespides,  I,  208,  112  ;   III,  242. 
f  Odynerus  ammonia  Sauss.  Ve-pide?,  I,  144,  30  (1852). 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

9.  Form  very  slender  and  lengthened.  Clypcus  pyriform, 
rugose,  terminated  by  a  little  biangulate  border,  appearing  bi- 
dentate,  because  of  a  terminal  fossettc.  Head  densely  and  strongly 
punctate ;  thorax  coarsely  cribrose,  with  very  large  depressed 
points;  the  punctures  a  little  separated;  prothorax  sliglitly 
retracted  before,  subangulate  ;  metathorax  retracted,  rounded, 
but  its  hinder  plate  very  strongly  excavated,  offering  a  fossette, 
punctured,  rugose,  bordered  all  around  by  very  salient  and 
trenchant  ridges,  of  which  the  summit  is  notched  and  sometimes 
separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  two  grooves.  First  abdominal 
segment  lengthened,  a  little  narrower  than  the  2d  ;  its  superior 
face  very  rugose,  as  strongly  cribrose  as  the  thorax,  but  more 
densely ;  covered  like  the  metathorax  with  enormous  reticulate 
rugosities,  and  offeriHg  a  vague  depression  on  its  anterior  part; 
its  irregular  suture,  placed  but  a  little  on  the  anterior  face  and 
often  followed  by  a  fluting.  Second  segment  prolonged  and 
slender,  strongly  punctured  ;  its  border  very  coarsely  punctured. 


'  In  the  fig.  cited,  this  segment  is  badly  represented  ;  it  has  not  this 
rounded  form. 
'  Page  639,  in  place  of  3  Hues,  read  5  lines. 


'Vis 

i 


200 


IIYMENUPT£RA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


Insect  black.  Mandibles,  summit  of  the  clypcus,  the  first  two 
or  three  orticles  of  the  antcnnaj,  a  spot  on  the  forehead,  the  inner 
border  of  the  orbits,  or  a  spot  in  their  ?inus,  u  spot  behind  the 
summit  of  the  eye ;  two  spots  on  the  prothorax,  teguhe,  a  ypot 
under  the  wings,  post-seutel,  angles  of  the  metathorax,  first  seg- 
ment of  the  abdomen,  and  feet,  red;  bordering  of  the  first  two 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  yellow.  Wings  brownish,  with  violet 
reflections. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  wholly  red. 

6.  Second  segment  entirely  black ;  only  presenting  an  inter- 
rupted border. 

c.  The  ridges  which  border  the  fossette  of  the  metathorax 
blunt,  interrupted  on  the  summit.  The  suture  of  the  first  seg- 
ment eflFttccd  by  the  punctures.  Punctures  notably  less  coarse. 
(In  general,  some  small  females  with  the  2d  segment  bordered 
with  yellow.)    Wings  only  smoky  toward  the  end. 

% .  Sculpture  very  coarse.  Clypeus  punctate,  shortly  biden- 
tate,  pale  yellow  or  orange.  Scape  of  the  antennae  often  adorned 
with  an  orange  line;  Ihe  flagellum  like  that  of  the  female,  or 
wholly  black,  or  ferruginous  beneath  in  its  Cist  moiety ;  hook 
black.     Size  as  with  the  female. 

Var.  A.  Post-scutel  yellow.  The  ornanients  of  the  head  and 
those  of  the  anterior  part  of  the  corselet,  orange  or  yellow.  Their 
size  variable. 

B.  Metathorax  entirely  red. 

C  No  yellow  band  on  the  first  segment;  its  base  black. 

D.  The  prothorax  almost  entirely  red. 

E.  Second  segment  adorned  with  two  yellow  dots.  (The  0. 
ammonia.) 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  distinct  by  the  coarseness  of  the 
punctures,  by  the  strength  o"  the  ridges  of  the  metathorax,  and 
by  the  red  ornaments  of  the  body. 

Hah.  The  Southern  United  States.  Carolina.  Florida,  etc. 
5  ?,4  ^  (E.  Norton). 

Observation. — We  have  not  before  our  eyes  a  specimen  which 
corresponds  to  our  description  of  the  0.  ammonia  Sauss.,  in  which 
the  2d  abdominal  segment  is  ornamented  with  two  yellow  spots 
and  the  suture  of  the  first  very  indistinct  or  wanting.  We  think, 
however,  that  this  Odynerus  is  but  a  variety  of  the  0.  histrio. 


ODYNfUUS. 


201 


ST.  A.  fulvlpes  SArss.— NiutT,  elongntim,  cyliinlrieufl,  crnsaisslni." 
puiictatuH,  llavo  vel  rufo  nuiltipictim,  fieijUHUter  J  iimcula  iiieHOiioti 
tiiiva ;  nbdoiiiiiiis  tfegiiieiitis  valde  piinctatlH  1^,  ii^,  |iml>o  tlavo  ;  iniiiio 
liirtuper  utriiKiue  fascia  llava,  et  HUtura  clnvata  <li.  ..ucta;  Becumll 
margiue  pauluiu  oaiialiuulato,  paulum  retlexu. 

Odi/iienisjldviiien  Sauhb.  Vewpiiles  I,  142,  27  (Syii.  excl.;;  pi.  xvi,  flg. 
3,  9,  I8r)2;   HI,  20b. 
■     Odijnerua falvipva  Sauss.  Vespldes,  III,  205  (1854). 

Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wiiig,  9  mm. 


?.  Form  very  sliMulcr,  leiigthonetl,  cylindrical.  Clypoiis  py- 
riform,  sligiitly  truncato  at  th'j  extremity,  very  coarsely  cribrose, 
especially  toward  the  bottom.  Head  coarsely  punctured.  Thora.x 
quite  cylindrical,  arched,  very  coarsely  cribrose.  Protliora.x 
finely  rimmed  ;  its  angles  a  little  dentiform,  directed  forward. 
Metathorax  slightly  prolonged  behind  the  post-scutel ;  its  hinder 
plate  strongly  concave  in  all  it.s  width,  strongly  punctured ;  its 
borders  a  little  trenchant  or  blunted  by  the  very  large  reticulate 
holes  which  occupy  the  superior  face  of  the  me'athorax,  forming 
sometimes  at  the  summit  two  ridges  separated  from  the  ])ost- 
scutel  by  a  fissure,  i^bdomen  cylindrical,  the  first  segment  bell- 
shaped,  lengthened,  as  wide  as  the  second;  its  suture  distinct, 
but  placed  upon  the  declivity  of  the  anterior  face,  and  often 
followed  by  a  groove;  2d  segment  cylindrical,  not  swelled,  nor 
wider  than  the. 1st.  The  first  two  segments  strongly  punctured 
throughout  the  length  of  their  posterior  border,  the  border  of  the 
2d  lightly  reflexed.  The  2d  segment  offers  some  very  large 
sparse  points  beneath.  The  3d  segment  is  cribrose  with  immense 
depressions,  especially  in  the  middle. 

Insect  black ;  a  spot  on  the  mandibles,  an  arc  on  the  summit 
of  the  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennsje,  a  spot  on  the 
forehead,  one  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  one  behind  jach  eye,  an 
interrupted  border  on  the  prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing, 
another  at  the  base  of  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax  before  tho 
scutel,  post-scutel,  angles  of  the  metathorax,  regular  border  on 
the  1st  and  2d  segments  of  the  abdomen,  and  two  oblique  lines 
on  the  sides  of  the  first,  orange.  Tegula;  red,  spotted  with  yel- 
low; their  appendix  yellow.  Legs  black,  knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi 
orange.    Wings  transparent,  smoky,  a  little  violet  toward  the  end. 

Var.  a.  No  yellow  spot  bfefore  the  scutel. 

6.  Clypeus,  metathorax,  and  femora  black. 


202 


IIYMKNUI'TEIIA   OF   AMERICA. 


[PAHT  I. 


r.  Tli((  iimrlviiifrH  pale  yellow ;  no  Hjjot  bi-fon'  the  sputt'Ilum. 

<l.  Soino  individuals  IVoin  Florida  have  all  llivir  markiiij?;} 
oraiij^^e  or  blood  red.  The  wings  art!  a  litlh;  nioro  wnioky. 
Tlit'sc  spet'init'ns  arc  also  more  strongly  crilirosc,  more  nigosiv, 
the  lirst  moiety  of  the  antennie  is  reddish  with  a  l)lack  line  on  the 
scape.  One  sees  on  the  lirst  se^;ment  a  transverse  llnting  whieli 
passes  along  the  suture,  ospeeially  distinet  upon  the  siden,  at 
times  etTaeed  in  the  middle.  As  one  iinds  all  the  transitiotiH  of 
our  type  in  theso  individuals,  I  have  ectneluded  that  it  is  but  a 
simple  variety,  formed  l»y  a  nmre  pcrlVet  development  of  indi- 
viduals under  the  inlluent-e  of  the  heat  of  the  elimate  of  the 
souU'ern  distriets.  These  individuals  buvo  no  mesotboraciu  spot 
before  the  seutellum. 

% .  Almost  as  largo  as  the  female.  Clypous  prolonged,  poly- 
gonal, bidentatc,  yellow  or  whitish  ;  its  teeth  slightly  variable, 
at  times  bhiek;  inner  border  of  the  orl)its  yellow  ;  spots  of  tho 
metalhorax  snnill  or  wanting.  Second  segment  of  the  abdomen 
a  little  wider. 

Rc.iiH.  a,  diff. — This  species  is  difficult  to  distinguish  from  tho 
0.  HsecularU  and  the  O.  pcih'Hh'is.  (See  the  description  of  theso 
.species.)  In  other  things  it  close'  ipproachcs  the  0.  varjiix, 
O.  conforms,  which  have  almost  m    marking,  but  do  not 

offer  any  suture  on  the  1st  abdominal  segment;  a  little  less 
similar  also  to  the  0.  collega  and  Xantia}iut<,  which  have,  how- 
ever, the  2d  segment  more  swelled  and  which  finally  offer  no 
suture  on  the  first  abdominal  segment. 

One  often  sees  the  suture  in  this  variety  become  feeble,  seeming 
then  to  form  a  transition  to  the  O.  vngns ;  nevertheless,  tho 
nietathorax  is  always  more  rugose  than  in  this  species,  and  the 
punctures  of  its  thorax  are  stronger  also. 

•  Hob.  The  Southern  United  States,  Louisiana,  Florida,  Ten- 
nessee, Illinois.    5  9,  G  'S. 


38.  A.  saecularis  Sauss. — Niger,  elongatns,  gracilis,  cylindricus, 
grosse  puiictatus  ;  flavo-tnultipictu.s  ;  0.  y/(/y/;>e<i«  siuiillirans,  sed  ineta- 
iioto  rotuiidatiore,  abdoiniuis  primo  segiuuuto  grossius  puuctato,  supra 
valde  piinctato,  antice  Isevi,  sutura  vix  perspicua  ;  segmentis  1-4  tlavo- 
liiuliatis,  primo  insuper  fascia  interrupta  llava  ot  secuudo  macula 
utrinque  flava. 

Odi/nerus  scecularis  Sauss.  Et.  Vesp.,  I,  142,  26. 


ODYNEIIUH. 


203 


yonn,  sculpture,  livery,  almost  idcnticul  with  tiuit  <»f  tint  (). 
fiih'ipcii.  T\u'  sizo  uuiy  bo  u  little  ios.  hi  fact  it  cuuiiot  be 
Ul.sliiigui.sliuil  from  this  spt'cit's  but  by  tho  folhnvinj,^  churiK'terrt. 

Prothorux  not  hiiviiij,'  its  uiij^-lfs  ileutitbrm.  ('(im'tivity  of  tho 
nictuthorux  having  its  borders  iierhup.s  u  little  luorc  coarsely 
punctured,  more  rijuudcd.  First  abdomiiuil  scjjfmeiit  more 
stronj^yly  cribrose;  its  punctures  as  strong  as  those  of  tht;  thorax. 
The  suture  feeble,  but  yet  distinct.  (The  anterior  face  of  the 
(segment  is  smooth  and  the  superior  face  is  very  coarsely  cribroso 
with  little  or  no  channel  along  tho  suture.) 

Tho  livery  dill'ers  by  the  yellow  being  a  little  more  extended 
on  the  head,  a  wider  yellow  arc  on  tho  clypeiis,  and  tho  yellow 
of  the  scape  much  extended  at  the  base.  Segments  3-4  also  are 
bordered  with  yellow  and  the  2d  segment  ornainenU'd  on  each 
aide  near  ifn  bane  with  a  yellow  apot ;  tho  two  oblique  spots  of 
tho  first  segment  forming  an  interrupted  band. 

Vai'.   Mesothorax  above  with  or  without  yellow  spot. 

%.  The  metathorax  is  notably  more  rounded  than  with  tho  O. 
fiihupex,  and  docs  not  form  two  lateral  angles.  Clypeus,  nuin- 
dibles,  inner  bor  Nring  of  the  orbits,  and  the  legs,  yellow,  as  well 
as  tho  femora.  The  reimiining  livery  as  with  the  fenude  ;  tho 
1st  segment  ornamented  with  an  interrupted  band,  and  the  2d 
with  two  lateral  spots,  yellow.  No  yellow  spots  on  tho  disk  of 
mesothorax. 

In  spite  of  these  differences  the  0.  seeculai'is  may  bo  but  a 
va}\  of  the  0  fnlvipes. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — Naturally,  this  species  has  a  very  great  resem- 
blance also  to  the  0.  conformis  and  va(jus,  but  is  distinguished 
above  all  by  its  first  abdominal  segment,  of  which  the  great 
punctures  are  suddanlij  arrested  on  meeting  the  anterior  face  of 
the  segment  so  as  to  define  the  suture.  It  differs  from  the  ().• 
anormis  by  its  more  cylindrical  abdomen,  more  strongly  punc- 
tured, with  the  1st  segment  more  lengthened,  adorned  with  two 
oblique  bands  and  not  with  two  yellow  dots,  Comparo  also  tho 
0.  deject  us. 

Hab.  The  Southern  United  States.     9  %  from  Tennessee. 

Observation. — The  0.  fulvipes,  ssecularis,  vagus,  conformis 
are  types  which  appear  almost  to  pass  from  one  to  the  other  and 
of  which  it  is  dillicult  to  trace  the  precise  limits.  One  should 
take  notice  of  tho  first  two  for  the  variations  of  the  same  species 


204 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


IS- 


in  which  the  suture  tends  to  disappear  or  has  itself  well  developed. 
See  also  the  A.  vollega  and  XaiUianus. 

39.  A.  dejectlis  Crbsson. — Niger,  clypeo  valde  emarginato,  supernu 
tiavo;  ct<.piti.s  luauulis,  antenuarum  scapo,  pronoti  luargine  antico, 
macula  iiiesonoti  eX  suba'.ari,  tegulis,  post-scutello,  raetanoti  cantliis, 
alxloiiiinis  Heginutitoruiu  1',  2>,  f)',  tuaigiue  tihiisqiie,  ilavidis ;  piiinn 
alxloiuinis  segiiiHiito  valde  punctato,  utrinque  fa^icia  obliqua  flavida ; 
2'~^  utriiique  macula  Hava ;  alls  fuiico-hyalinis.    9  ■ 

Odifuerus  dejectus  Chesson,  Philad.  Ent.  Proceed.  IV,  1865,  164,  5. 

Total  length,  4.5  liu. 

9.  Opaque  black,  deeply  and  closely  punctured;  a  line  behind 
the  eyes  near  their  summit,  the  sinus  in  front,  a  spot  between  the 
insertion  of  the  antennaj,  and  the  basal  half  of  the  clypeus,  deeply 
and  squarely  emarginate  before,  obscure  yellowish ;  antenna; 
black,  the  basal  joint,  except  the  apical  half  above,  yellow. 
Thorax;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  slightly  interrupted 
on  the  disk,  a  small  quadrate  spot  on  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax 
posteriorly,  tcgukc,  a  minute  spot  on  each  side  just  behind  the 
tegula;,  a  round  spot  on  each  side  of  the  pleura,  the  post-scutelluni, 
and  an  elongate  mark  on  each  side  of  the  mctathorax,  yellowish. 
Legs  black;  tips  of  the  four  anterior  femora,  their  tibiae,  and  the 
posterior  tibiae,  except  tips,  yellowish.  Abdomen  robust,  not 
much  contracted  at  base ;  basal  segment  roughly  punctured,  with 
a  faint  transverse  suture  at  base,  its  apical  margin  bordereu  in 
the  middle,  continued  along  the  lateral  margin,  and  then  produced 
to  within  about  one-fourth  the  width  of  the  segment,  yellowish ; 
second  segment  large,  convex,  shining,  finely  punctured,  more 
strongly  at  the  tip ;  the  apical  margin  above  and  beneath,  and  a 
rounded  spot  on  each  side  near  the  base,  as  well  as  the  apical 
margin  of* the  fifth  segment,  not  quite  reaching  the  sides,  yellow. 
Legs  black,  tips  of  the  four  anterior  femora,  their  tibias,  and  tlie 
posterior  tibiae,  except  their  tips,  yellowish.  Wings  fusco-hyalii.  j, 
darker  along  the  costa,  darkest  in  the  radial  cell. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — Closely  allied  to  A.  bacuensis,  but  it  is  distin- 
guished by  its  more  robust  form,  the  spot  on  the  disk  of  the 
juesothorax,  the  absence  of  bands  on  the  fourth  and  sixth  sog- 
L'lents  of  the  abdomen,  its  black  scutel,  etc. 

It  is  still  more  closely  allied  to  A.  saecularis,  if  not  the  same. 

Hub.  Cuba. 


ODYNERUS. 


205 


40.  A.  Bravo  Sauss. — O.fuliiiudi  alfinissiinus,  punotatissiraus,  niger, 
fulvo-piotus ;  abdominis  segniHiitis  lo,  2P  inaigine  grojse  puuctato, 
fulvo;  primo  frequenter  flavo-bipunctatc,  sutiira  di:4tiuota.    9' 

Odynerus  Bravo  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  274. 

Total  length,  10  ram. ;  wing,  8.5  mm. 

9.  The  slender  and  lengthened  form  of  0.  fulinpes ;  size  and 
puncturing  the  same.  Clypous  pyriform,  rugose,  joineti  to  tlie  fore- 
head by  a  vertical  carina  ;  its  inferior  extremity  subemarginate. 
Angles  of  the  prothorax  acute.  Concavity  of  the  metathorax 
rugose,  coarsely  punctured  ;  its  border  quite  trenchunt.  Abdo- 
men quite  cylindrical;  its  first  segment  very  great,  as  wide  as  the 
second;  its  suture  distinct,  at  times  elevated  and  followed  l)y  a 
groove.  All  the  body  cribrose  with  deep  punctures  forming 
regular  pits;  abdomen  almost  as  strongly  punctured  as  the 
thorax;  the  border  of  the  first  two  segments  insensibly  depressed 
and  more  strongly  punctured,  but  neither  channelled  nor  reflexed. 
The  following  segments  finely  punctured. 

The  insect  black.  Mandibles  brown ;  antennae  ferruginous 
beneath  with  scape  below  yellowish.  A  dot  on  the  forehead, 
one  in  the  sinus  of  each  eye,  and  another  behind  each  eye,  often 
a  spot  or  an  arc  at  the  top  of  clypens,  the  anterior  border  of  the 
])rothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  the  post-scutel,  and  the  lateral 
edges  of  the  metathorax,  whitish  (or  changing  into  tawny). 
Segments  1,  2  of  the  abdomen  adorned  with  a  regular  whitish 
border;  first  segment  in  addition  on  each  side  with  a  little  oblique 
line,  or  a  spot,  of  th»^  ame  color;  one  sees  also  a  spot  on  the 
mesothorax,  before  the  scutellum  Legs  black;  tibise  and  tarsi 
ferruginous.  Wings  transparent,  washed  with  brown,  al)ove  all 
in  the  radial  and  along  the  side.  Teguliu  large,  ferruginous  or 
pale,  as  well  as  the  apophyses  placed  behind  them. 

Var.  Mesothorax,  metathorax,  and  first  segment  without  spots. 

lieKs.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  very  near  to  the  O.  fulvipe.A. 
But  this  is  a  little  smaller  in  size;  and  the  thorax  appears  to  me 
a  little  more  densely  punctured.  The  markings  are  also  less 
abundant.  However,  one  might  consider  it  as  a  Mexican  variety 
of  the  same  species,  a  little  smaller,  as  in  general  the  Odynerus 
are  smaller  within  the  tropics,  than  in  the  north. 

Hab.  The  coast  of  Mexico.  I  took  2  9  at  Pueblo-Viejo  near 
Tampico;  2  9  taken  near  Cordova  (Sumichnist). 


ll 


20  G 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


S  I 


4 


3.  Form  slender,  but  the  abdomen  sometimes  slender,  sometimes 
ovoid,  especially  among  the  %.  Tlie  first  segment  cupuli' 
form,  narrower  than  the  2d,  having  the  suture  indistinct, 
of  ten  presenting  a  transverse  fluting  bordered  by  tioo  traces 
of  sutures.^  Concavity  of  the  metathorax  generally  small, 
its  borders  indistinct. 

(Grroup  of  the  0.  occidentalis.) 

The  insects  of  this  category  offer  at  times  two  sutural  lines  on 
the  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  (the  second  usually  interrupted) 
so  that  one  feels  the  need  of  classing  them  in  my  Division  Sub- 
ancistrocerus  (Vespides,  III,  200;  I,  120).  But  as  all  their 
affinities  tend  toward  the  group  of  the  0.  fulvipes,  I  think  best 
to  leave  them  in  the  same  division.  The  sutures  become  wholly 
double  in  certain  species  or  indistinct,  so  that  one  does  not  know 
whether  or  not  to  take  them  for  simple  rugosities  and  class  the 
insects  which  carry  them  in  the  subgenus  Odynerus  (Division 
Stenodynerus). 

a.   Suture  of  thef'st  abdominal  ser/ment  rather  strong;  excavation  of  the 
metallwrax  somewhat  distinctly  margined. 

41.  A.  Glizinani  Sadss. — ParvuluR,  niger,  dense  cribratns ;  pro- 
noto  bidentato;  metauoto  perrngoso,  foveola  orbiculari  punctata,  sub- 
tnarginata  instructo;  abdomine  valde  punctato  ;  primo  segmento  bi^su- 
'  turato  ;  secundi  margiue  maxima  cribrato,  subcanaliuulato;  prothoracis 
segmentoriuiique  1',  2'  limbo,  post-scutello,  punctofroiitali  et  frequenter 
subalari,  flavis ;  pedibus  fulvo-variis ;  tegulis  maximis,  llavo  margiuatis. 

Odynerus  Guzmani  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  275,  %  . 

To*al  length,  7  mm. ;  wing,  6  mm. 

% .  Small.  Prothorax  wide ;  its  anterior  border  concave, 
turned  up,  forming  on  each  side  a  little  tooth  directed  obliquely 
forward.  Head  and  thorax  before  coarsely  cribroso  throughout. 
Scutel  divided  by  a  groove.  Metathorax  feebly  prolonged  behind 
the  post-scutel,  then  vertically  truncate,  extremely  rugose ;  its 
middle  occupied  by  a  circular  concavity,  shining  and  cribrosc 
with  punctures  ;  a  little  rimmed,  especially  at  the  summit.    First 

I  Sometimes  the  two  sutures  are  feeble  and  difficult  to  distinguish.  It 
is  necessary  in  that  case  to  turu  the  insect  into  the  proper  light  to  per- 
oeive  them. 


ODYNERUS. 


201 


abdominal  segment  cupuliform,  notably  less  wide  than  the  2d, 
coarsely  punctured  and  rugose ;  offering  two  irrggular  sutural 
lines,  between  which  is  a  fluting  or  transverse  furrow,  apparently 
interrui>ted  in  the  middle.  Border  of  this  segment  thick.  Second 
segment  ovoid,  swelled,  but  longer  than  wide,  strongly  punctured 
above,  especially  toward  the  border,  which  is  a  little  retracted 
and  channelled. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  short  grayish  pile  ;  a  spot  on  the 
front,  anterior  border  of  the  prothorax,  post-scutel,  a  little  dot 
under  the  wing,  and  a  regular  border  on  the  first  two  segments, 
tawny-yellow.  Tegulse  ferruginous,  bordered  with  yellow,  or 
yellow  with  a  red  dot.  Legs  black,  tarsi  and  tibiic  varied  with 
ferruginous  or  yellow.  Wings  sub-transparent,  radius  and  radial 
cellule  brown. 

%.  Clypeus  yellow,  punctured,  terminated  by  a  split  beak  (or 
by  two  little  separated  teeth) ;  bordered  with  black  laterally. 
Antennaa  black,  with  a  yellow  line  on  the  scape. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  little  Odynerus  is  easily  recognized  by  its 
first  abdominal  segment  fortified  with  two  sutural  lines.  These 
sutures  are  but  little  salient  and  the  second  above  all  (posterior) 
can  be  known  by  the  border  of  the  fluting,  rather  than  by  a 
suture.  Nevertheless  I  think  the  insect  well  characterized  by 
the  configuration  of  this  segment. 

Hah.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.     Mextitlon. 

I  dedicate  this  pretty  species  to  Don  Jose  Mariano  Guzman, 
the  Mexican  naturalist  whose  amiable  hospitality  permitted  me 
to  explore  the  beautiful  valley  of  Mextitlan. 

43.  A.  occidentalis  Sadss. — Parvnius,  niger,  punctatissimus,  meta- 
noti  rugosi  foveola  rotiindata,  superne  vix  niarginata  ;  abdoiniiiia  valde 
punctati  secundi  segmenti  margine  paulum  canaliculato  grosse  puuctato ; 
puncto  frontali  et  post-oculari,  pronoti  margine  interrupto,  macula  sub- 
alari,  tegulis,  post-scutello,  abdominisque  limbo  segmentorum  snpia  1, 
2,  4,  5,  6  et  subtus  2,  3,  flavis.— '^  .  Clypoo  bidentato,  autenuarum  bcapo 
antice,  litura  oculorum  et  pedibus,  flavis. 

Odynerus  occidentalis  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  274. 

Total  length,  6.5  ram. ;  wing,  i)  mm. 

Size  very  vsniall.  Head  circular.  Ocelli  large,  arranged  in  a 
regular  triangle.  Antenna3  inserted  below  the  middle  of  the  head. 
Thorax  wide  before;  its  angles  quite  sharp,  cut  at  a  right  angle. 
Scutel  parted  by  an  indistinct  longitudinal  groove.     Concavity 


208 


IIYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


lit 


H^ 


m 


i?l' 


of  the  mctathorax  regular,  in  the  form  of  a  concave,  punctured 
scuUcap ;  its  borders  wholly  rounded  and  punctured,  without 
any  spiniform  angle ;  the  superior  part  slightly  bordered  by  an 
arcade.  The  latero-superlor  parts  of  the  metathorax  quite 
swelled  and  prolonging  themselves  a  little  behind  the  post- 
scutellura.  Abdomen  wholly  oval.  First  segment  small,  regu- 
larly cupuliform;  the  suture  feeble,  placed  (about)  ou  the  anterior 
third  of  the  segment;  behind  the  suture  an  insensible  fluting  can 
be  distinguished.  Margin  of  the  segment  thick,  followed  by  a 
little  compression  at  the  base  of  the  second.  Thorax  densely 
cribrose  with  great  points.  Metathorax  very  rugose.  Abdomen 
strongly  punctured;  the  second  segment  carrying  along  its  border 
a  zone  of  great  punctures  and  rather  narrowly  channelled. 

Insect  black.  A  spot  on  the  front,  another  behind  eacli  eye, 
the  interrupted  border  of  the  prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing, 
post-scutel,  tegulas,  their  apophyse  annexed,  and  a  spot  on  the 
mesothorax  before  the  scutel,  yellow.  Segments  1,  2,  4,  5,  6,  of 
the  abdomen  bordered  with  yellow  above ;  the  third  being  only 
beneath,  the  second  equally  bordered  beneath;  this  last  carrying 
in  addition  on  each  side  a  yellow  spot  near  its  base;  segments  4-7 
brown  beneath,  without  bordering.  The  borders  regular.  Legs 
yellow,  black  at  the  base.  Wings  a  little  smoky,  having  a  great 
brown  stigma. 

%.  Olypeus  yellow,  higher  than  wide,  strongly  punctured, 
polygonal,  terminated  by  two  long  separating  teeth.  Mandibles, 
a  long  spot  between  the  antennae,  the  inner  border  of  the  orbits 
as  far  as  the  bottom  of  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  yellow;  antennt^ 
large  and  long,  black,  with  the  scape  before  yellow,  the  hook 
black;  the  haunches  before,  yellow.  Extremity  of  the  abdomen 
brown,  a  little  ferruginous  beneath. 

Var.  Tegulae  red.     No  spot  on  the  disk  of  the  mesothorax. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  little  species  is  remarkable  in  the  singular 
distribution  of  the  borderings  of  the  abdomen. 

Hab.  Western  Mexico.    Sonora,  Michoacan  (3  %  ). 

43.  A.  Paraensis  Sauss. 

0.  Paraensis  Sadss.  Vespides,  III,  207,  95  (1854). • 
Hab.  Para  (typus  in  Mus.  Parisiensi). 


'  In  the  description,  p.  208,  line  .'^th,  instead  of:  huitiime  cubitah,  read: 
troisiime  cubitale. 


ODYNERUS. 


209 


ead: 


b.   Suture  of  thejir*i  abdominal  segment  not  so  stroncj.     Excavation  of  mela- 
thorux  havinij  its  edges  rounded,  without  precise  limits. 

44.  A.  Sliniiclirasti  Saoss.  9  • — Oracilis,  niger,  grosae  foraminato-crib- 
raturi;  at  uietanoto  parutu  punutato,  hand  rugoso,  fuveola  parvula  rotun- 
data,  haud  niargiuata,  post-suutelluiu  attingentu,  iustruuto ;  abdoiiiine 
valde  puuctato ;  primo  sugmeuto  utrinque  ad  suturam  paruni  pur^picuam 
eabcanaliculato  ;  antennarum  Boapo  snbtus  et  pedibun  partim,  ferrugi- 
neis ;  puooto  mandibularum,  froDti8,8ammi  clypei  et  po.st-oouIari,  falvis ; 
post-scutelli  fascia  tiara;  abdomiuis  seguieutia  oiuuibuB  late  flavo- 
margiuatis.     9  • 

Odgnerus  Sumichrasti  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  275. 

Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  A  species  very  near  to  the  0.  huastecus.  Clypeus  a  little 
wider  than  long,  bearing  toward  the  bottom  two  salient  cariuae 
which  appear  like  two  teeth,  between  which  is  a  little  slightly 
arcuate  border.  Thora.\  lengthened.  Angles  of  prothorax  dis- 
tinct. Metathora.\  oflFering  very  trenchant  lateral  ridges  ;  its 
concavity  small,  rounded,  punctate,  and  striate,  without  defined 
borders,  but  extending  as  far  as  the  post-scutel.  Head  and 
thorax  very  densely,  strongly,  and  regularly  punctured  ;  the 
metathorax  being  notably  lens  strongly  so;  the  same  offering  a 
smooth  space  on  each  side  of  the  post-scutel.  Abdomen  quite 
lengthened,  the  first  segment  cupuliform,  almost  bell-shaped,  quite 
large,  although  smaller  than  the  2d,  nearly  as  grossly  punctured 
as  the  th^  x,  but  smooth  at  its  base,  and  offering  an  irregular, 
hardly  sensible  suture  (especially  visible  when  one  regards  the 
insect  from  before),  which  is  not  formed  by  a  crest,  but  which  is 
rather  the  result  of  the  coarseness  of  the  sculpture.  Behind  this 
suture  the  segment  is  creased  on  each  side  by  a  groove  which 
makes  a  portion  of  the  sculpture  and  of  which  the  posterior  border 
figures  as  a  second  interrupted  suture.  Second  segment  a  little 
swelled  above  at  its  base,  strongly  punctured,  above  all  toward 
its  posterior  border,  which  is  not  channelled  but  bordered  by  a 
light  cordon.     The  following  segments  more  finely  punctured. 

Insect  black,  covered  with  a  gray  pile,  especially  on  the  meta- 
thorax:;  a  spot  at  the  top  of  the  mandibles,  a  dot  at  the  summit 
of  clypeus,  another  on  the  front,  another  in  the  sinus  of  each  eye, 
and  one  behind  the  eyes,  ferruginous  ;  these  dots  often  wanting 
14 


'i^ 


210 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[P/  RT  I. 


or  very  small.  Scapo  of  the  autciniaB  beneath,  tawny.  Anterior 
border  of  the  post-scutel,  yellow ;  the  rest  of  the  thorax  black, 
except  a  yellow  dot  on  the  appendix  of  the  wing  scale,  and  a 
rudiniont  of  an  edging  on  each  side  before  the  wing  scale  along 
the  posterior  border  of  the  prc^thorax.  All  the  segments  of  the 
abuomeu  widely  and  regularly  bordered  with  yellow-golden  ;  the 
first  bordering  more  narrow,  feebly  notched  in  the  middle. 
Legs  black,  tibiue  and  tarsi  varied  with  ferruginous.  Wings 
transparent. 

Var.  The  posterior  border  of  the  prothorax  edged  with  yellow. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — A  species  very  distinct  by  its  nietathorax,  smooth 
or  at  least  more  smooth  thar  the  rest  of  the  thorax.  Very  near 
to  the  little  species  of  the  group  of  0.  huastecus ;  particularly 
above  all  by  its  thorax  to  the  0.  Peyroti,  from  which  it  hardly 
diffors  but  by  its  narrower  thorax  and  by  the  feeble  suture  of  the 
first  segment.  It  differs  from  the  0.  Fariasi,  by  its  first  abdo- 
minal segment  cup-shaped,  not  truncate-funnel-shaped,  and  de- 
prived of  the  crest-shaped  suture  ;  by  its  mctathorax  less  rugose 
than  the  rest  of  the  corselet,  by  its  less  sler.der  form,  etc. 
These  last  characters  distinguish  it  also  from  the  A.  occidentals, 
Ouzmani,  and  the  0.  fulvipes,  which  have  a  more  pronounced 
suture. 

Hab.  The  temperate  lands  of  Mexico.  One  female  from  the 
hot  regions  of  the  province  of  Mexico,  near  Cuatitla  (Morelos) 
taken  by  my  friend  Mv.  Sumichrast. 


Division  HYPANCISTROCERUS. 
{Ilypancistrocerus  Sau^s.  Et.  Veep.,  Ill,  222.) 

Head  swelled.  Antennse  inserted  low  upon  the  face.  Superior 
face  of  metathorax  produced  horizontally  a  little  beyond  the 
post-scutel,  then  vertically  truncate,  the  posterior  face  havimj 
a  deep  orbicular  cavity,  with  very  sharp  margins.  Suture 
of  first  segment  very  salient. 

This  type  presents  the  extreme  form  of  the  elongate  and 
cylindrical  Ancistrocerus.  It  forma  a  group  corresponding  to 
Hypalastoroides,  by  its  slender  body  and  the  peculiar  shape  of 
its  metathorax. 


0DYNERU8. 


Sll 


45«  A.  advena  Sacs?. — Oracilis,  cylindricus,  punctatas,  niger,  thorace 
antice  lato,  augulato,  pooticu  atteuuato;  metatlioracH  pauluin  ultra  post- 
scutellum  piuducto,  truiicato,  foveola  tiuperue  setnioirculariter  acute 
marginata,  uiargine  utriiique  iufere  augulato;  ic  SHgmeuto  angustiore 
quam  2uni,  aiitice  truucato;  2<^  supernu  Lasi  ooarctato,  subtulnsrculato; 
anteimia  fulvis,  Hagello  superue  nigro;  onpitis  maculis,  pronoti  margine 
antioo  et  postico,  macula  subalari  et  prsescutellari,  tegulis  partim, 
Tiietanoti  abdominisque  segmentorum  marginibus  anguate,  tlivis  ;  priiul 
segineuti  fascia  utrinque  lateialiter  coutinuata;  pedibua  uavis,  nigro- 
variis ;  alis  infumatis.     9  •    Longit*  9  mm. 

Odynerus  advena  Sadss.  Et.  Vesp.  Ill,  222,  117;  pi.  zi,  fig.  3,  4,  9« 
Hab. — Brasilia  (Typus  in  Mus.  Londinensi;. 


1)1(1  (he 
)uture 


Division  ANCISTROCEROIDES. 
{Anciitroceroides  Saups.  Et.  Vesp.  Ill,  221 ;  I,  146,  III«  Divis.) 

Second  cubital  cell  of  the  anteriortuing  suhpediinculate.     (Ife- 
talhorax  excavated,  armed  on  each  side  with  a  spine.) 

46>  4.  alastoroides  Sacss. — Oracilis,  niger ;  capite  et  thorace  pnno- 
tatis ;  clypeo  ^  bidentato ;  pronoto  antice  lato,  qnadratim  secto,  post- 
souttillo  bituberculato ;  metathorace  valde  ezcayato,  ai  '  >  marginato, 
utrinque  spinoso ;  abdomine  sericante,  in  basi  2*  segme.^  i  constricto ; 
1<^  segmento  superne  sulco  partito;  clypeo,  punoto  mandibularum, 
puucto  frontal!  et  post-oculari,  orbitis  internis,  linea  scapi,  pronoti 
tuargine  postico,  macula  subalari,  linea  utrinque  metanoti  infere  et 
fascia  scutelli,  tiavis ;  antennis  subtus  et  tegnlis  fusois ;  abdominis 
segmentis  10-30  fiavo-limbatis ;  pedibus  fuscis,  flavo-lineatiB;  alia  in- 

'     infumatis.      %  Longit.  10  mm. 

Odyntrus  alastoroides  Sadss.  Et.  Vesp.  1, 147,  33,  ^ . 

Hab.  Montevideo. 

This  species  might  almost  be  placed  in  the  genus  Alastor  (sub- 
genus Alastoroides),  where  it  would  form  a  section,  characterized 
by  the  2d  cell  of  the  wing  being  subpedunculate  only,  and  by 
the  presence  of  spines  on  the  metathorax. 


212 


IIYMENOPTERA  OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Subgenus  ODYNBRUS'  Latk.  (sensu  strictiore). 

Leionotus  Sauss.  Et.  VeHp.  I,  IT)!. — Otli/nerus  propr,  diet.  Sauss. 

ibid.  Ill,  223. 

First  segment  of  the  abdomen  without  any  transverse  suture. 
Antennee  of  males  terminated  by  a  hook,  or  simple  (or  a 
little  vurled  at  the  extremity,  only  in  Hypudynerus). 
Mandibles  of  the  males  simple. 

This  subgenns  contains  insects  of  the  most  varied  forms ;  types 
stubbed  or  elongate,  with  the  abdomen  sessile  and  conical  or 
subpetiolate  with  the  first  segment  funnel-shaped. 

The  species  with  a  quite  sessile  abdomen  have  been  detached 
into  the  genus  lihynchium,  and  that  with  the  most  petiolate 
abdomen  into  the  genus  Nortonia. 

The  limits  between  this  subgenus  and  the  subgenus  Epipona 
are  not  clearly  defined.  In  subgoims  Odynerus  the  abdomen  is 
conical,  ovate-conical  or  subpetiolate,  spindle-shaped.  In  sub- 
genus Epipona  it  is  depressed  oval,  lenticular  as  in  Pterochilus. 
In  Odynerus  the  thorax  is  more  square,  its  anterior  r.^argin  being 
straight  or  concave,  its  angles  often  sharp,  and  the  metathorax  is 
generally  excavated  in  the  middle.  In  Epipona,  the  thora.;  is 
short,  ovate ;  its  anterior  margin  rather  convex ;  the  metathorax 
convex  and  rounded. 

The  two  groups  can  be  easily  distinguished  by  the  appearance, 
but  not  readily  by  the  description  alone.  We  separate  the  sub- 
genus Odynerus  into  four  divisions  for  the  better  arrangement 
of  the  species.  Unfortunately  the  transitions  from  one  form  to 
another  are  so  gradual,  that  it  seems  impossible  to  define  them 
clearly  enough.  But  this  is  the  greatest  difficulty  in  all  the 
divisions  of  the  genus  Odynerus. 

These  four  divisions  are  as  follows: — 

1.  Hypodynerus. — Body  depressed  or  stubbed.  Thorax  not 
angulate  before.  Abdomen  rather  petiolate  or  sessile,  depressed ; 
the  first  segment  either  quite  funnel-shaped  as  in  Montezumia 
or  peculiarly  cut,  so  that  its  triangular  anterior  face  fits  against 
the  metathorax  and  its  superior  face  is  transverse,  very  short, 
parted  by  a  groove;  the  separating  ridge  rounded  or  swelled  like 
a  transverse  pad.     Post-scutel  not  distinctly  truncate. 


I  Consnit.  at  the  end  of  the  genon,  the  list  of  the  species  intertce  sedis  and 
of  the  species  dubia. 


0DYNERU8. 


818 


Body  hirsute  with  a  iong  pile.  Antenna)  of  males  termiuated 
by  a  long  hook  or  spirally  eiirled  at  the  extremity. 

These  are  insects  of  Chili  or  the  occidental  side  of  the  South 
American  Andes,  ad&rned  with  sulphur-white  and  often  with 
rufous  bands,  having  the  wings  obscure  or  ferruginous  with  the 
extremity  obscure. 

2.  Paciiodynerus.— Body  stubbed.  Thorax  quadrate.  Abdo- 
men  quite  sessile,  very  conical,  truncate  at  base.  Post-scutel 
truncate.  Autenn®  simple  in  the  males,  not  terminated  by  a 
book. 

3.  Odynerus. — Form  about  the  same  as  in  PachodnneruH ; 
abdomen  sometimes  more  ovate-conical,  the  first  segment  being  a 
little  contracted.  Post-scutel  generally  truncate.  Antennae  of 
the  males  terminated  by  a  hook. 

4.  Stenodynerus. — Form  slender.  Abdomen  cylindrical, 
slender,  subsessile;  or  spindle-shaped,  attenuate  at  base,  the  first 
segment  small,  cup-shaped  or  funnel-shaped,  not  very  sessile. 
Post-scutel  eu'iire  or  trnncate.  Antennae  of  the  males  terminated 
by  a  hook. 

The  separation  of  these  Divisions  being  difficult,  they  will  be 
defined  more  fully  hereafter. 


Division  HYPODYNERUS. 
(Sadbs.  Vespides,  III,  225  ;  ibid.  I  (2d  division),  p.  160.) 

Forms  of  insects  depressed,  velvety,  bristling  with  long  hair. 
Thorax  little  or  not  at  all  anjulate.  Abdomen  pedicellate  or 
sessile,  with  the  2d  segment  wide,  dep>ressed ;  the  first  vari- 
able but  almost  always  formed  according  to  the  same  system, 
offering  a  triangular  anterior  face  which  fits  itself  against 
the  metathorax  and  a  superior  face,  very  short,  divided  by 
a  groove ;  the  meeting  of  these  two  faces  forming  a  boss  or 
a  transverse  saddle-ba.  .  Sometimes,  however,  the  first 
segment  is  simply  depressed  beii-shaped.  The  abdomen  is 
not  conic,  but  oval,  depressed. 

These  insects  which  represent  the  fauna  of  Odynerus  of  certain 
regions  of  South  America,  offer  an  appearance  very  easy  to  define, 
in  view  of  the  variety  of  their  forms. 

Above  all,  one  can  distinguish  them  by  their  velvety  or  long 


214 


UYMENOPTERA   OF  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


black  hair  with  which  they  are  bristling,  and  by  thoir  exceptional 
livory.  They  have  the  wing  for  the  most  jiurt  strongly  redJcned, 
with  the  end  of  a  brown-violet  or  entirely  brownish  ;  the  feet  red 
or  black,  often  also  the  antennaj,  tcgula;  and  the  clypeus  5 ,  red ; 
sometimes  even  the  prothorax.  Almost  all  carry  some  yvUow- 
white  markings,  and  have  two  bands  of  the  same  color  on  the 
abdomen.  Among  these  insects  the  posterior  face  of  the  meta- 
thorax  is  neither  more  smooth  nor  more  rugose  than  the  rest  of 
the  thorax;  it  offers  the  same  appearance,  which  is  quite  excep- 
tional among  the  Odynerus. 

Very  many  of  these  Odynerus  Lave  at  the  base  of  the  2d  seg- 
ment beneath,  a  fold,  which  seen  in  profile,  appears  like  a  tubercle, 
some  specimens  presenting  even  an  acute  tubercle.  The  clypeus 
of  the  females  is  pyriform,  truncate,  or  subemarginate  at  the  end, 
black  or  red.  That  of  the  males  is  narrow,  lengthened,  biden- 
tate,  and  of  a  pale  yellow  color. 

The  form  also  is  generally  very  characteristic.  The  posterior 
face  of  the  metathorax  is  not  shaped  like  that  of  a  true  Odijneriis, 
but  in  a  sort  of  pentagon,  growing  larger  from  its  inferior  extroiiiity 
as  far  as  the  middle,  where  are  the  lateral  angles,  then  finely  re- 
tracted as  far  as  the  post-scutel,  forming  with  it  somelatero-superior 
ridges  vrhich  converge  from  below  upward  (the  post-.scutel  forming 
the  5th  side  of  the  pentagon);  here  the  posterior  face  of  the 
metathorax  is  generally  triangular ;  it  widens  as  far  as  the  sum- 
mit and  the  marginal  ridges,  at  which  place  they  are  distinct, 
straight,  and  oblique,  converging  toward  the  bottom.  There 
remains  then  only  the  latero-inferior  ridges  of  the  metathorax. 
(0.  hximeralis.) 

This  conformation  of  the  metathorax  involves  an  analogous 
configuration  in  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  for  this  is  always 
such,  that  it  in  a  manner  conforms  itself  to  the  metathorax  so 
that  it  places,  or  exactly  fits  its  anterior  face  against  the  posterior 
face  of  the  metathorax  (and  this  results  from  the  fact  that  the 
two  pieces  are  applied  against  ecch  other  during  the  period  of 
the  metamorphosis  so  that  they  are  in  reality  moulded  against 
each  other). 

The  first  abdominal  segment  has  also  its  anterior  face  tri- 
angular, and  the  depressed  form  of  the  abdomen  causes  the  supe- 
rior border  of  the  triangle  to  be  but  a  little  arcuate. 

As  the  metathorax  is  quite  vertically  truncate,  the  first  segment 


ODYNEllUS. 


'215 


applies  itself  exactly  against  it,  and  it  results  that  the  nujH'rioi' 
luce  of  this  segment  meets  the  anterior  faee  almost  at  a  right 
angle.  This  face  is  very  short,  .sometimes  four  or  livt-  timi.'S  wider 
than  long  (sometimes,  liowcvifr,  it  has  but  little  width). 

This  structure  is  always  the  same,  theoretically  speaking,  but  it 
becomes  less  and  less  marked  in  the  extreme  types.  80,  when 
the  first  segment  is  potiolate  and  narrow,  it  oidy  fits  itself  against 
the  middle  of  the  metathorax  which  oflers  then  a  sort  of  furrt)\v 
to  receive  it,  while  the  lateral  borders  of  the  nietath(»rux,  renuiiii- 
ing  disengaged,  become  rounded  (0.  arruatun,  tnhcrfulatux). 
When  the  form  becomes  very  club-shaped  and  the  abdomen  sessile, 
the  first  segment  is  wide,  triangular,  sessile  (0.  AtiluccnHiH, 
villoaus),  and  fits  itself  exactly  upon  the  whole  width  of  the  mijta- 
thorax;  then  this  is  flattened  or  excavated  in  its  whole  width, 
and  its  lateral  borders  become  quite  trenchant.  Finally,  when  the 
first  segnient  becomes  rounded  and  sessile  and  when  it  no  longer 
fits  itself  as  strongly  against  the  metathorax,  the  ))orders  of  the 
metathorax  become  blunted  and  rounded  (O.  vetipiformis)  and 
one  sees  it  produce  a  form  quite  similar  to  that  of  the  Vespa. 

It  is  easy  to  understand  from  what  precedes,  that  the  abdomen 
will  have  two  forms  according  to  the  way  in  which  one  regards 
it.*  If  it  is  fitted  against  the  abdomen  it  will  appear  sessile,  for 
one  sees  only  its  very  short  superior  face;  if  it  is  open  it  will 
appear  more  or  less  pediculate,  for,  the  anterior  face  being  tri- 
angular, it  forms,  when  it  is  let  down,  a  sort  of  petiole  having  a 
bell-shaped  form,  which  would  not  happen  if  the  anterior  face 
was  more  or  less  circular. 

One  sees  then  that  the  petiole  is  only  the  result  of  a  deceitful 
appearance  of  the  abdomen  placed  in  an  abnormal  position,'^  very 
dififerent  in  this  from  that  which  the  Eamenea  oiTers,  where  the 
petiole  exists  separately  and  cannot  be  disguised  by  any  position 
of  the  abdomen  whatever.  It  proceeds  from  this  fact  that  the 
lengthened  types  of  the  Division  Hypodi/nrrns  belong  truly  to 
Odynerus,  and  not  to  Eumenes,  as  Spinola  decided,  nor  to  Nor- 
tonia,  as  one  might  be  tempted  to  judge  at  first  sight. 

The  Hijpodifnerus  offcn's  all  degrees  of  prolongation  of  body 


'  Take,  for  example,  the  0.  luhidtns  or  tli«  0.  Iinmonlls  as  average  types. 
2  Tlie  normal  positiou  of  the  abdomen  is  wheu  it  is  applied  agaiust  the 
metiithorax. 


210 


nYMKNOl'TEHA    OF    AMKIMCA. 


[VAllT  I. 


from  the  nioro  sloiidfr  types  which  form  a  pasHngc  from  Nortonia 
up  to  the  niort)  bluiitt'U  Hpecics  which  Hcom  to  form  u  truiisitiou 
from  Ve»pa  {().  veHpi/onnix). 

Those  singular  Odyneri  form  the  fauna  of  Chili  and  of  tlio 
western  face  of  the  Andes.  They  continue,  however,  to  overleap 
the  chain  of  tlie  Andes,  to  show  themselves  in  the  Ar}?entiiie 
Republic,  for  the  0.  albocinctus  is  proved  to  inhabit  that  country 
on  the  western  slo[)e  of  Si)Uth  America. 

Some  analofjous  types  extend  upon  the  side  of  the  Equator  and 
of  New  Grenada,  and  appear  to  pause  toward  the  direction  of 
Venezuela.  But  yet  these  offer  some  altered  characters,  the 
markings  become  golden-yellow  {<).  Jiomandinm),  and  the  forms 
are  generally  more  like  those  of  the  Division  Odi/nerus. 

If  the  Hi/]y)dij»erus  form  the  foundation  of  the  fauna  of  the 
Odyneri  of  the  southern  coast  of  the  Pacific,  they  are  not,  how- 
ever, the  unique  type  of  that  region.  One  finds  there,  also,  the 
AtvislroceruH  (0,  scabriuHculun,  ambiguus,  etc.)  and  the  true 
OdyneruH  {O.Oayi,  O.  Pcruensia,  etc.).  IJut  as  we  have  indicated 
above,  the  characters  of  tho  livery  which  are  so  marked  among 
the  IhjpodyneruH,  reproduce  themselves  more  or  less  among  all 
the  solitary  wasps  of  Chili,'  although  they  do  not  continue  among 
the  hymenoptera  of  other  families  which  inhabit  the  same  countries. 

In  tho  arrangement  of  species,  I  have  here  followed  the  series 
created  by  the  modification  of  forms,  commencing  with  the  more 
lengthened,  and  finishing  with  the  more  blunted. 

I  give  the  complete  diagnosis  of  the  sperics  which  I  possess, 
but  *  lust  limit  my.sclf  to  some  short  diagnostic  phrases  for  those 
which  I  have  not  before  my  eyes. 

Table  to  assist  in  dislinyuishing  the  species  of  the  Division  Hypodynbrds. 

•'1.  Wings  fuscous  with  violet  or  cloudy  reflections. 

2.  Body  and  antennsB  <juite  black ;  Ist  abd.  seginHnt  funnel-shaped. 

47.   Tapiensis 
2,  2.  Body  ornamented  with  luteous  bauds  ;  abdomen  sessile. 
3.  Anteunffi  and  feet  rufous.  59.  villosus. 

3,  3.  Antennte  black,  the  scape  rufous;  feet  rufous,  obscure,  passing 

into  black.  60.  obscuripennis. 

1, 1.  Wings  ferruginous,  with  the  extremity  fusco-violaoeus. 
2.  Prothorax  rufous. 
3.  Antenna  rufous,  with  the  extremity  black. 


I  Compare  the  former  page  13,  gayella ;  50  No.  45 ;  1G2  No.  9,  etc. 


ODYNKHUa. 


21T 


63.  ri(/ico//». 


57.    Ttirabucentii. 


1.  Firot  abdoiuiual  Hugmeiit  tuburuulatH  beforH  its  grnoru. 

51.  ttilitrvuliitus. 
4,4.  FirBt  alMlominal  Hegment  not  tulieroulate. 

50.   hHineriills, 
3,  3.  Antennte  fiitirely  rufous. 
2,  2.  Frotborax  black  or  bonlnred  with  Inteous. 
3.  AutttuiiiB  black  on  tlie  superior  facu. 

4.  Tiieir  dfHt  Joint  rufoud. 
4, 4.  TUe  wtiole  autennu)  biack  above. 

5.  Tlie  2(1  ubd.Hegiuunttuberculale  above.    40.  exclpienJiis. 

5,  5.  Tlie  2d  abd.  segment  not  tubttroulntu  abovu. 

6.  Abdouieu  ratlier  putiolate;  hinder  niurgin  of  prothorax 
jrellow ;  2d  abd.  segniuut  uot  tuburoulate  beneath. 

48.  arrudtus. 
6,6.  Abdomen  more  BesRilH ;  anterior  margin  of  protliorax  yel- 
low ;  2d  abd.  segment  tuberuulate  buneath. 

55.  ventituM. 
3,  3.  Antennae  rufous,  or  black  only  at  the  extremity. 

4,  Second  abdontinal  segment  tubercuiate  beneath,  at  its  base. 

5.  Metatliorax  without  sliarp  t-dges,  nut  bidentate. 

6.  Small,  poBt-scutel  luteous  ;  olypeus  9  black. 

52.  tubercul'.ventris, 

6,  6.  Larger,  post-scutel  black. 

7.  Two  lutooiis  bunds  on  the  abdomen.' 

8.  The  hinder  margin  of  the  prothorax  bordered  with 

luteous ;  clypeua  }  black.  G5.  res/tiforiiiis. 

8,  8.  Prothorax  not  margined  posteriorly  witli  luteous. 

9.  Abdomen  rnllit-r  petiolate,  the  1st  abd.  segment 
much  narrower  than  the  2d ;  prothorax  anteriorly 
margined  with  luteous.  54.  labialus, 

9,  9.  Abdomen   sessile ;    the  1st  abd.  segment  sessile, 

wide  ;  prothorax  black.  1)4.  Mnypinua. 

7,  7.  Only  one  luieous  band,  placed  on  the  1st  segment;  this 

as  wide  as  the  2d,  sessile.  61.  Antucenm, 

5,  5.  Metatliorax  sharp,  biangulate.  62.  Chillotus. 

4,4.  Second  abdonm..!  segment  without  distinct  tubercle  beneath. 
6.  Clypeus  9  rufous.  53.  Molina. 

6,  5.  Clypens  9  black. 

6.  Pronotum  and  segments  1,  2,  margined  with  luteous. 

50.  subpetiolutun. 
6,  6.  Only  the  first  segment  margined  with  luteous. 

58.  albocinctus. 


Wanting  in  some  varieties. 


Wfffmm 


11* 


218 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Detcription  of  the  species. 

I.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  bfll-s/iapcd,  not  offering  two 
fares  xrparated  by  a  ridge,  bid  i>\jriforni,  uniformly  a  little 
comb-shaped.     Appearance  of  Monte/umia. 

Tlicse  insects  can  also  nearly  fif^ure  in  the  genus  Nortonia,  but 
the  concave  form  of  the  niotathorax  brings  it  rather  nearer  to  the 
Odynerus  of  this  Division. 

47.  O.  Tapiensis  Sadss. — Oinnino  iiiger;  cipite  et  thorace  punctatis 
veUitini?,  nigro-hirsutis  ;  tliorace  (lepres.-<();  iiietiillioiace  utriiiijue  later- 
aliter,  superne,  valde  cariiiato,  et  in  foveola  v«lutino;  abdoniiiiH  niiido 
dwpresso,  prii'io  sogmento  iiifundibulifornii ;  pe<libua  rufis,  basi  iiigris; 
alis  uigro-chalybmis.  J?. —  ^.  Clypco  argeiitato,  bideutato,  femoribus 
iiitermediia  gubtus  iu  medio  dilatatis,  basi  uxcisid. 

Odynerus  Tapiensis  Sacss.  Revue  de  Zool.,  XXII,  1870,  56,  5  ^.  < 

Total  I«ngth,  20  mm. ;  wing,  17  mm. 

%.  Facies  of  a  Montezumia.  Mandibles  slender  and  styli- 
forni.  Ocelli  large,  disposed  in  a  very  wide  iriangle.  Thorax 
wide  and  strongly  depressed.  Prothorax  widely  truncate  and  a 
little  turned  up.  Post-scutel  not  truncate.  Metathorax  having 
its  lateral  ridges  very  salient  and  trenchant  toward  the  summit; 
its  posterior  face  triangular,  widening  ui)\vard;  the  concavity 
quite  plain,  but  rugose  and  velvety;  its  superior  ridges  n<it  di.s- 
tinct.  Abdomen  wide  and  depressed;  the  first  segnient  pyriforra 
bell-shaped,  depressed,  snbpediculato  at  its  base  and  posteriorly 
divided  Ijy  a  strong  groove  ;  the  2d  segment  depressed,  almost 
discoidal ;  offering  beneath,  at  its  base,  an  elevated  wrinkle. 

liisect  of  a  deep  black;  head  and  thorax  densely  punctured 
and  velvety;  strongly  pilose,  woolly  and  bristling  with  long  Ijlack 
hairs.  Abdom(>n  smooth,  shining,  woolly  at  its  base.  Legs 
ferruginous  with  the  base  black.  Wings  black,  with  violet  or 
greenish  reflections. 

%.  Clypeus  almost  as  wide  as  long,  polygonal,  clothed  with 
silvery  hair,  arched  in  its  superior  moiety;  its  latero-inferior 
borders  a  little  concave;  its  extremity  terminated  by  two  spini- 
forni  teeth,  between  which  is  an  arcuate  notch.  Antenna;  strong; 
the  first  article  short,  large,  ai^d  arcuate;  those  following,  strongly 
pronounced,  the  articulations  almost  nodulose  above;  the  last 
article  forming  a  large  compressed  and  arcuate  hook.     Thighs  of 


0DYNERU8. 


219 


the  2d  pair  slightly  bent  in  the  first  third,  offering  beneath  in  the 
middle  a  dilation,  lamellate,  oblique,  preceded  by  a  wide  notch 
and  channelled  on  its  anterior  face. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  little  species  is  very  distinct  in  its  numerous 
characteristics.  One  cannot  confound  it  with  any  Htjpodijncrua, 
in  view  of  its  uniform  black  color  and  its  infundibulifurm  first 
abdominal  segment,  which  does  not  offer  an  anterior  and  posterior 
face,  separated  by  a  transverse  ridge,  etc.  Its  ap})carance  is  tliat 
of  MonU'.zamia  and  of  Norlonia.  Jt  is  distinct  from  these  irencra 
by  the  triangular  form  of  the  metathorax  which  recalls  -iiy  int^ni 
of  the  ihonix  of  Jlijpodi/nerus.  The  ma.xillary  palpi  ar  stri'n,.;Iy 
()-articulate,  the  (Uh  article  being  longer  than  the  5th;  i .;''  lu'-inl 
)»alpi  have  but  three  large  articles;  the  4th  is  very  small,  almost 
rudimentary,  which  indicates  a  passage  from  Montezamia  and 
from  Monobia. 

11(d).  The  elevated  regions  of  the  Republic  of  Ecuador.  It 
was  taken  by  Dr.  Maurice  Wagner  on  the  plateau  of  Tapia  at 
till'  foot  of  Chimljorazo.  (In  collection  of  the  author  and  collec- 
tion of  the  Museum  of  Munich.) 

Obscri'ation. — The  silvery  hair  of  the  clypeus  is  subject  to  fall 
olf,  especially  in  the  middle  of  this  piece.  The  clypeus  is  often, 
for  this  reason,  only  bcrdered  with  silver. 


ured 
lack 

Legs 
.'t  or 

with 
!rior 
>ini- 
ong; 

last 
IS  of 


II.  Fir.'<t  segment  of  the  abdomen  offering  an  anterior  and  a 
superior  fare ;  these  tivofaees  sejmruted  hij  a  sort  of  trans- 
verse ridge  or  swelling  (the  true  IIyi'ouynehls). 

A.  Form  mwh  lengthened :  frst  abdominal  segment  small,  nar- 
roio,  nodiform  or  peduneuliform,  verij  much  norrower  than 
the  2d;  its  (inferior  five  in  a  lengthened  triangle. — Meta- 
thorax with  rounded  angles;  its  excavation  founiiig  a  wido 
vertical  furrow. 

4S.  O.  tfrciiatlis  Sauss.— Niger,  velutinns,  uigro-pilosiis  ve)  la'vis, 
j)Uii<tu!iit«>  ;  luftiiiioto  nie-lio  late  raii.iliculato,  polito;  ali.loniine 
dryrmtifto  ;  frUnn  Hegineiito  trigoiiali,  petiolato-oainpanulato,  pa**!)!*  duplo 
aniiiistiore  (jnam  nefnii<luin,  supra  trausvt'rsiin  tiiniido,  apicis  piincto 
valde  Hwprspso;  s^cundo  iihc  supra  iiei;  sntttns  f  nlinrcnlato ;  antennia 
nljrri«,  ««♦/<«*<  hitfi  f*errngiii»'ifi ;  punctulo  frontis  liiteo;  proiinti  ct 
atxloiiiinia  n.'Km^'tvtornni  1',  2'  mar-rine  postii'o,  albido ;  tegulis  pedi- 
l)u?'<|iie  ferrugil)^'i^^.  his  ba.si  uigritf  ;  alls  ferrugiueia,  apiee  fu-sco-cyatieis. 
— Lungit.  15  uiii. 


mmfmm 


220 


lIYMENUl'TKRA    OF   AMEPI:A. 


[part  I. 


9 .  Clypeo  suboonvexo,  nlgro,  apice  recte-bicar  nato,  submarginato. 

%  .  Clypeo  luteo,  argeiitato,  bidentato,  lineola  ]<ost-oculari  albida  ;  anten- 

narimi  nncino  et  articulo  prcecwlent:,  ferrug'neis. 
Vaiiat.    Tboraois  et  abdouiiuis  lituris  rudiu.eiitariis,  incompletis,  paeue 

iiullis,  Vi'l  pronoto  iiigro. 

Odijnerns  arcuutm  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  IGO,  Al  (1852)  ;  III,  326. 

This  species  can  be  regarded  as  the  ChiMijti  type  of  the  genus 
Nurtonia,  and  places  itself  in  this  genus,  since  all  its  characters 
attach  it  to  the  Odynerns  of  this  division,  but  with  a  particular 
prolongation  of  the  first  abdominal  segment. 

It  is  most  closely  allied  to  O.  vestilus  and  excipiendus  (Corap. 
these  species). 

Hab.  Chili. 

49.  O.  excipiendus  Spin. — Niger,  velntinns,  0.  arcunto  simillimus, 
sed  luetanotu  pustice  uiagi:)  punctato  ;  abdominis  priuio  segmeuto  superut) 
uiinus  tiiuiido;  secundo  ,s«gmeiito  medio  in  tuberculum  pioducto;  seg- 
meiitis  lo,  20  luteo-marginatis,  vel  fere  omnino  nign.-*;  aiitennis  nigris  ; 
pi-dibu:)  rufis,  baui  nigris ;  alis  ferrugineis,  <ipic-e  fusco-cyaneis. — Longit. 
14  mm. 

9  •  Clypeo  nigro,  planato,  apiee  bidentato  et  carinulis  2  sinuatis  instructo. 
%.  (Mypeo   emarginato,    luteo,    uigro-piloso,    utrinque   nigro-marginato ; 
antennaram  uncino  nigro. 

Eumenes  excipienda  Si>in.  in  Gay's  Hist,  fisio  de  Chil«,  Zool.  VI,  2l)6, 

1  (1851). 
Otlynerus  exripiendux  Saijss.  Vespides,  I,  IGl,  47;  III,  227. 
Odynerns  colocolo  SAv>i».  ibid.  I,  1(J1,  4(J  (1852);  III,' 227.— Gay's  Hist. 

fis.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.  5G6,  8  (1852). 

In  this  species,  the  clypeus  9  is  black,  flattened,  with  two 
sinuatcd  carina},  terminating  in  two  apical  teeth ;  the  clypeus  % 
is  luteous,  bordered  with  black  on  the  sides  and  superiorly  ;  the 
antennas  %  are  terminated  by  a  sharp  black  hook.  The  thora.x 
is  quite  black,  excepting  at  times  a  little  ytdlow  line  in  the  middle 
of  the  i)rothorax ;  the  first  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  have 
often  only  a  very  narrow  yellow  line,  which  is  sometimes  wanting 
or  only  indicated  by  an  incomplete  line  on  the  margin  of  the  iid 
segment. 

Hab.   Chili. 

50.  O.  HUbpetiolaf  U8  HAHfis. — 0.  nrcuato  atRnia ;  formis  simtlliniu!), 
se<l  minor  ;  abdomine  subpetioiato,  semindo  seginento  linuii  tuberculato; 
primo  Bfementu  postice  sublatiore  ;  antennis,  tegnlis,  pe^iibnsque  rntis; 
anteuuia  upice  griseis  ;  puucto  froutali  luteo;  pronoti  margine  autico 


ODYNEUUS. 


221 


mve 
iting 
le  "id 


nius, 
ilato; 
rntis; 
utico 


(baud  postiuo)  luteo-limbato;  abd.  segmeutia,  lo,  2<^  lateo-margiuatia ; 

alia  ferrugiiieaceutibua,  apioe  iufusuatis. — Lougit.  13  mm. 
9  .  Clyjftjo  nigro,  apice  bioarinato,  aubemarginato. 
%  .  Clypeo  elongato,  emarginato,  luteo,  utrinque  nigro-margiuato  ;  anten- 

narum  acapo  superne  nigro  vul  obsouro  uuciuo  wiuuto,  rufo. 

0(li/n.  suhpeliolatua  Sauss.  Veapidea,  I,  162,  4S  (1852) — III,  227,  9  S- 
Odyn.  coarctalux  Saubs.  Gay'a  Hiat.  fisica  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.  p. 
5(55,  7,  9  (1852).' 

Hab.  Chili. 

51.  0>  tllberculatus  Sausb. — Major  qnaw  0.  arcua^us  eiqne  formis 
affinis,  aed  thorace  latiore  ;  abd.  priiiio  aegmento  paulo  latiore,  aupra 
poatice  aulco  partito,  et  ante  aulcum  in  i-anlho  tranayerao  tuberoulo 
parvnlo  inatructo;  aecundo  aegmento  nee  aupra  nee  anbtna  tabercnlato; 
post-scntello  tantum  in  apice  trancato.  Niger,  rngulatna,  velutinua, 
hirautus.  Antennis  ferrugineia,  apice  nigria ;  ore,  pronoto,  tegulia  rufia  ; 
lineola  post-oculari,  pronoto  medio  frequenter,  post-acntello  et  abdorainia 
aegmentorum  1',  2'  margine,  luteia ;  alia  ferrugineia,  apice  fuaco-viola- 
anentibus. — Longit.  16  mm. 

9  •  Clypeo  nigro,  piriform!,  aatia  planato,  bicarinato,  apice  truncato,  Tel 
aubemarginato. 

%  .  Clypeo  elongate,  panlura  bidentato,  luteo  ;  antennarum  uucino  apical) 
nigro;  post-scutello  nigro. 

Odynerus  titherruUitm  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  103,  .10  (1852).— Gay'a  Hist, 
fia.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.  564,  6,  1852.— Vespidea,  ill,  228.* 

This  species  differs  from  O.  humeralis  in  its  smaller  size;  its 
antennifi  %  terminated  by  a  .^liarp  black  hook,  not  by  a  rufous 
spiral  or  a  blunt  hook.  The  clypeus  is  more  narrow;  in  9 
flattened,  bicarinate;  in  %  not  so  sharply  bideutate. 

Hab.  Chili. 

6S.  O.  tuberculiTentris  Spin. — Minntna,  0.  arcuato  formia  aimil- 
limua;  aed  pronoto  lato,  ungulato;  post-auutello  baud  truncate,  postice 
.'ingulato,  v«l  arcuato  ;  ahdominia  aecundo  H«<i;mento  aubtu.s  basi  tnber- 
uulo  acuto  inatructo.  Niger,  velutinua  :  antennis,  tegulia  et  pedibua 
rufia;  bis  bam  nigria;  macula  frontali,  pnnctulo  post-oculari  margine 
antico,  ma<L'ula  aubalari,  poats(!Utelli  et  abd.  aegnieutornm  1',  2',  margine 
poatico,  Imeia.  Alia  aubhyahnia.  Tenia  ferrugineia,  apice  griaeo.— Lougit. 
8  mm. 

'  Thi«  BappiMmen:  appear^'d  after  my  book  I  on  Veapidea  ;  and  hence  I 
preserve  tfc*  nsm«>  suhjifhalutm  aa  In-ing  tlie  older. 
^  In  this  paragraph  of  Vol.  Ill,  the  atfinitiea  are  not  well  given. 


w^ 


i 


i^: 


222 


HYMENOPTEKA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


9  •  Clypeo  iiigro,  apice  biangalato. 

%  .  Clypoo  fere  pentagonal!,  luteo,  bidentato;  antennarum  soapo  snperne 

nigro,  subtua  flavo  ;  flagello  apice  flavesoente ;  pedibua  flavo-variis. — 

Vitriat.  Auteuuia  supra  nigrescentibus. 

Etimvnes  luberculiventris  Spin.,  Gay's  Hist,  flsioa  de  Ciiile,  Zool.  VI,  267, 
2(1851). 

Oilynertts  luberculiventris  Sauss.  Vespides,  1,  162,  49;  III,  227. 

In  the  male,  the  femora  are  black,  with  rufous  knees  and  with 
a  yellow  line ;  the  tibiae  are  yellow  on  their  anterior  side. 

Jiess.  a.  diff. — Differs  from  0.  labiatus,  in  its  luteous  post- 
.scutel;  its  black  clypeus  9;  its  polygonal  shaped  clypeus  9, 
terminating  in  two  small  teeth;  and  its  small  size. 

Comp.  also  0.  Chiliolus. 

Hah.  Chili. 

B.  Form  shorter,  loider ;  firsl  segment  wide  on  its  posterior 
border ;  its  anterior  face  in  the  form  of  an  equilateral 
triangle  and  a  little  pedicellate;  its  superior  face  large. 
Melathorax  excavated,  offering  a  trace  of  a  polygonal  plate 
surrounded  with  ridges. 

a.  Wings  rufous  along  the  anterior  margin. 

53.  O.  nffolintc  Sadss. — Niger,  liirsutus;  anteunis,  clypeo,  mandi- 
bitlis,  tegulia  pudibnaque,  rufis  ;  pronoto  medio  et  faaciis  2  abdominis, 
luteia  ;  abdominis  primo  segmento  satis  eiongato,postice  satlato,  secundo 
subtus  baai  paulum  plicato;  alia  ferrugineia,  apice  fusceacentibua.  9 
Long.  14  mm. 

Odynemx  Molina;  Sacsb.  in  Gay's  Hist.  fia.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  562,  3, 

J  (1852.). 
OJynerns  Motiuius  Sauss.  Veapides,  III,  251,  126  (1854). 

Sab.  Chili  (Type  in  the  Paris  Museum). 

54.  O.  labiaAlls  Halid. — Sat  valid ns,depressus;  poatscutello  depresf^o, 
^runcsto,  uietanoto  excavato ;  abdominis  primo  segmento  auperne  lato, 
bnsi  pariim  petiolato,  facie  antica  trigonali,  facie  supera  brevi,  lata, 
salco  profuudo  partita,  autice  cantbo  hebetato,  subprorainalo  marginata  ; 
secundo  ^egmento  aubtus  baai  tnberculato.  Niger,  velutinus,  pilis 
nieris  hirauiuA  ;  tboraoe  tonuiter  punctate,  etiara  in  metanoti  excava- 
tionf  ivi]UAlit«>r  rngoso  ;  mamlibnlia,  antennis,  tegulis  pedibusque  rufis  ; 
pronoti  inargine  antico  (nounnnquam  tantum  in  medio)  et  abdominis 
segmentorum  1*,  2'  margine,  luteia ;  alia  ferrugineis,  apice  violaacen- 
tibn.H. — Longit.  16  mm. 

9  .  Clypeo  rufo,  apice  tmncato  vel  aubemarginato. 

%  .  Clypeo  elongato,  ovato,  polygonali,  luteo,  apice  sat  late  sabeinargiDatO. 


0DYNERU8. 


238 


Odynerus  lahiatua  Halidat,  Trans.  Linn.  Soo.  XVII,  323  (1837). — Sadss. 

Vespides,  III,  228. 
Odynerus  Lachesis  Lep.  St.  Faro.,  Hymenopt,  II,  GG7, 44  (1841). — Sacss. 

Vespides,  I,  164,  61,  pi.  xvii,  fig.  5,  J ;  III,  228. 
Odynerus  marginkollis  Sfim.  iu  Gay's  Uist.  Mxaa.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI, 

25C,  2  (1851). 

Ress.  a.  diff. — Differs  from  0.  humeralis  in  it3  coloration ; 
ill  its  narrower  form,  in  its  finely  punctured  thorax,  not  rugosely 
shagreened,  and  in  the  little  ventral  tubercle  which  is  not  only  a 
wrinkle  like  that  of  the  0.  httmeralis,  but  is  quite  tuberculiform 
in  the  middle.  In  size  it  is  much  smaller.  Differs  from  the  0. 
tuherculimntris  in  its  triple  size;  in  the  clypeus,  9  rufous,  % 
prolonged,  narrow  (almost  an  ellipse,  lengthened  and  notched  at 
the  end). 

Hab.  Chili. 

55.  O.  Testitus  Sauss. — Niger,  nigro-hirtns ;  metanoto  hebetato  ; 
abdomine  sessili ;  secundo  segiuento  subtus  tuberculato;  pronoti  inar- 
gine  antioo  et  vittia  2  abdominis,  luteis;  autenuia  nigria ;  alia  subfus- 
ceacentibua,  costa  basi  siibferrugiuea.     Lougit.  13  mm. 

9  •  Clypeo  uigro,  biaugulato. 

%.  Clypeo  elongato,  plauato,  luteo,  apice  arcuatim  emarginato;  antennis 
apice  uucino  rufo. 

Odynerus  vestitus  Sacss.  Vespides,  III,  252,  127,  9  (1854). 

Ress.  a.  diff. — Closely  allied  to  0.  arcuatus  and  excipiendus, 
but  differs  clearly  in  its  2d  abdominal  segment,  tuberculate 
beneath,  and  wider  and  longer  than  the  first.  In  one  specimen 
the  wings  are  slightly  smoky  and  ferruginous. 

Hab.  Chili. 


56>  O*  humeralis  Halid. — Validus,  corpore  lato,  depressn,  velutino, 
thorace  ubique  rugose  grannlato,etlam  in  metanoti  exoavatione  ;  priino 
,  aeginento  latiore,  basi  pauliim  petiolato;  dehinu  trigono-infundibiil'for- 
miter  dilatato,  valde  punctate ;  facie  supera  lata,  sulco  profundo  purtua ; 
seouudo  segmento  subtua  basi  transveraim  plicato-tuberculato. — Corpus 
nigrum,  pilis  fulvis  vel  fnacis  Inngissimis  hirantum  ;  mandibnlis  partim, 
pronoto,  tegulis  pedibnaqne  rufia;  abdomine  fasoiis  duai)ns  luteis;  an- 
tennis in  dimidio  baaali  rufia,  in  dimidio  apicali  nigria,  tarsia  apice  ob- 
scuris.    Alia  fusco-violaceis,  costa  et  basi  ferrngineis. — Longit.  20  m  m. 

9.  Clypeo  nigro,  aubconvexo,  Irevi,  npiee  aubemarginato. 

%.   Clypeo  luteo  argeuteo-piloso,  orato,  valde   bidentato;   labro  fasoo, 


if 


ipi 


224 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


.    i 


[part  I. 


anteDuis  apice  subcochleatis  uncino  arcuato,  obtueo,  compresso,  rnfo,  vel 
uigro-vario. 

Odynerus  humeralis  Halidat,  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XVII,  324   (1837). — 

Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  228. 
Odyn.  chilensis  Lep.  St.  Fako.  Hymen.  II,  643,  28  (1841). — Spisoi  \  in 

Gay's  Hist.  fis.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  256, 1.— Sausb.  Vespides,  I,  16<j, 

54,  pi.  xvii,  fig.  G ;  III,  228. 

This  large  species  has  some  very  salient  lateral  ridges  upon 
the  raetathorax ;  the  superior  ridges  of  the  concavity  are  "saliently 
indicated,  especially  among  the  males,  but  the  rugosities  which 
cover  the  metathorax  as  well  as  the  remainder  of  the  thorax 
render  them  obtuse  and  indistinct.  The  antennae  %  terminate  in 
a  blunt  rufous  hook  or  in  a  longitudinal  spiral ;  the  clypeus  %  is 
terminated  by  two  rather  long  spines,  and  in  the  male  the  tarsi 
are  mostly  blackish.  It  is,  however,  closely  allied  to  0.  tuber- 
culatus.     Comp.  this  species. 

Hab.  Chili,  and  the  western  coast  of  South  America. 

ftV*  0>  Tarabucensis  Sadss. — Validns ;  0.  humerali  similis ;  niger ; 
pronoti  luargine  antico  et  abdominis  fasciis  duabus,  luteis  ;  antenuis 
uigris,  Bcapo  rufo ;  tegulis  nigris ;  niandibulis  et  pedibus,  rufis ;  alis 
ferrugineis,  apice  violascentibas. —  9  '• 

^ .  Clypeo  luteo,  apioe  dentibus  2  distantibus  armato. 

Odynerus  Tarabucensis  Sauss.  Vespides,  III,  250,  125,  %  (1854). 

Hab.  Bolivia  (I  do  not  possess  this  species.  Type  in  the  Mus. 
of  Paris). 

b.  Wings  fuscous,  with  violet  iridescence. 

ftS.  O.  albocinctlis  Pcls.— Niger,  velntinus,  nigro-hirsntus.  Clypeo 
piriformi  uigro,  apice  valde  bidentato;  antennis,  mandibulis  et  labro, 
rufls ;  metathorace  rotundato ;  abdomine  pilis  nigris  longis  sparso, 
tantiim  prime  segmento  anguste  albido-limbato ;  secundo  segmento 
subtus  hand  tubercnlato  ;  pedibus  rufis,  femoribus  postice  nigris  ;  alis 
fnscescentlbus,  violascentibas  prsBoipue  apice ;  tegulis  nigris.  9 .  Long. 
20  mm. 

Odynerus  albocinctus  Pois  a.  Stbobbl,  Atti  della  Soc.  Italiana  de  Sc.  Nat. 
XI,  1868,  256,  9- 

Hab.  The  Argentine  Republic.     Province  of  Mendoza. 
This  is  the  only  species  of  the  type  Hypodynerus  found  as  yet 
on  the  Oriental  side  of  the  Andes. 

The  form  not  having  been  described,  I  cannot  assign  to  this 


ODYNEBL'8. 


225 


species  its  place  with  perfect  certainty  in  the  subdiviai 
group. 


lions  of  this 


C.  Form  very  wide,  short  and  depressed,  first  segment  very  wide: 
its  anterior  face  sessile,  in  the  form  of  a  wide  triangle;  its 
superior  face  very  short,  3-4  times  as  wide  as  long. 

a.  Wings  wholly  obncure,  violet. 

59.  0«  TillOSlIS  Sadss. — 0.  AnlucetiHi  statur^,  formis  et  facie  affiuis,  sed 
pronoto  et  capite  angUBtioribua ;  oraBsus,  ater,  velatiima,  valde  nigro 
birsutus ;  metanoti  excavatione  polita;  abdomine  sessili;  primo  seg- 
mento  lato,  breviter  trunoato ;  secando  sabtaa  bani  eminente  plicato  ; 
mandibulis,  antenuis  et  pedibiis  rafis;  bis  basi  et  fere  usque  ad  g«>iuia 
nigris ;  tegulis  uigris,  rufo-maculatis ;  abdominis  vittis  2  luteis  angUHtis ; 
alis  iufuscatis,  violascentibus. — Longit.  15  mm. 

9.  Cljrpeo  nigro,  Isevi,  apice  punctato,  paul"m  emarginato. — %  .  .  .  .f 

OUifn.  villosus  Sausr.  Vespides,  I,  105,  53,  9  (1852).— Gajt's  Hist,  fisic 
de  Chile  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.  5G3,  4  (18^). 

This  may  be  a  variety  of  0.  obsvuripennis. 
Hah.  Chili. 

60.  O.  obscuripennis  Spin.— 0.  villoso  similis,  sed  major,  tborace 
rugoso,  granulate;  ater,  villosus ;  antennis  nigris,  soapo  rufo  ;  pedibus 
rufis  vel  nigrescentibus,  basi  nigris ;  abdomine  fasciis  2  luteis. — Long. 
18  mm. 

Od>)n.  obscuripennis  Spin.  In  Gay's  Hist,  fisic  de  Chile  Zool.  VI,  259,  4, 
5  (1851).— SAnss.  Vespides,  I,  1G5,  52;  HI,  228. 

Odi/n.  Coquimbensis  Sacss.  in  Gay's  Hist,  fisic  de  Chile  Zool.  VI,.  Suppl. 
561,  1  (1852). 

Hab.  Chili  (Typo  in  the  Parts  Museum). 
Ttiis  species  not  being  in  my  possession,  I  cannot  give  a  com- 
plete diagnosis  of  it. 

6.  Wings  ferruginous  with  the  apex  fusco-violaceus  or  fuscous,  and  the 
anterior  margin  rufous. 

61.  O.  Antucensis  Sacss. — Crassus,  velntinns,  pilis  nigris  longissimis 
valde  hirsutns.  Corpus  depressum ;  thorace  quadrato,  tenuiter  punc- 
tate ;  post-scutello  et  metanoto  vertioaliter  trnnoatis,  hujns  facie  postica 
trigonal!,  fere  plana,  parnm  late  ezoavata,  at  reliquns  thorax  velntino- 
mgulosa,  canthis  obtasis  marginata.  Abdomine  lato,  depresso,  sessili ; 
primo  segmento  antice  valde  trunoato,  faciem  antioam  trigonalem  et 
faciem  snperam  brevissimam  et  latissiroam  praebente;  faoierum  illarum 
concursns  canthum  trausversum  efflciens ;  facie  8upera  snlco  partita ; 

15 


i 

w 

1 

li'l ' 

■V        '■; 

' 

226 


IIYMKNOPTKUA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I, 


'31  .  .' 


f:!> 


20Hegn]entopaulo  latiorequamprimum,  snbtus  basi  plicato-tubHruulato. 
Niger;  maudibulis,  tfgulis,  peilibuH  et  aiitennis,  ruQd  ;  bis  apiue  .supra 
grisceMcentibus;  abdoiuiuia  priiiio  segmeuto  luteo-marginato  ;  alis  furru- 
gintiid  apice  fiisco-vJolattoentibiiH. — Longit.  15  mm. 
9  .  Clypuo  elongato,  rufo,  apiue  bicariuatu  submargiuato,  utriuque  nigro- 
Diargiuato.— ^  ?. 

Oilyn.  Antuco  Sauss.  Et.  Vespides,  I,  107,55,  9  (1852).— Gat's  Hist.  fls. 

de  Cbile,  Zool,  VI,  Suppl.  502,  2  (18.'i2). 
Odi/n.  AiUnreasia  Sauss.  Kt.  Vespidea,  III,  228. 

Resa.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  closely  allied  to  rnllosus,  but  its 
body  is  thicker;  the  thora.x  is  quadrate  and  wide  anteriorly ;  the 
color  of  the  wings  and  clypeus  9  is  different. 

Hab.  Chili. 

6S.  O.  Cllillotlis  Sauss. — Niger,  velutinus,  nigro-hirtns ;  0.  Antucensi 

affinis ;  thorauu  brevi ;  metaiioto  late  excavato,  cantbis  marginato, 
utrinque  angulato;  abdominis  secundo  segmento  subtus  valde  tnbereu- 
lato  ;  segmentis  1^,  20  luar^ino  luteo;  anteniii.s  «t  pedibus  rufis  ;  ti'gulis 
nigris ;  alis  fusco-violasuentibus,  costa  ferrugiuea. — Longit.  11  mm. — 
9?. —  %•  Clypeo  elongato,  bidentato,  luteo. 

Orfyn,  chiliotua  Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  167,  56,  % . — In  Gat's  Hist.  fls.  de 
Chile,  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.,  60C,  9.— Vespides,  III,  229. 

I  do  not  possess  this  species,  which  seems  much  like  0.  Antu- 
censis.  But  I  cannot  think  it  the  male  of  that,  because  of  its 
biangulate  lisotathorax.  The  first  abdominal  segment  seems  to 
have  on  its  anterior  face  something  like  a  sut'.'re,  which  allies  it 
to  the  subgenus  Ancislrocerus. 

Hab.  Chili  (Paris  Museum). 

63.  O.  rilflcollis  Spin. — Ater,  velutinus,  nigro-birsntns,  crassus  et 
brevis ;  abdomine  basi  valde  truncate,  lato ;  metanoto  rotuudato;  ab- 
dominis 20  segmento  subtus  basi  plicato-tuberculato ;  antennis,  pronoto, 
tegulis,  pedibusque,  ferrngineis  ;  abdomine  fasciis  2  luteis  ;  alls  ferru- 
gineis,  apice  fusoo-nebulosis. — Longit.  11  mm. 

9.  Clypeo  biangulate,  rufo,  nigro-marginato. —  %f, 

Odyn.  rtificollis  Spin.  1.  1.  VI,  259.—  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  168,  57,  9 . 

I  do  not  possess  this  species.  By  its  livery,  it  would  seem  a 
miniature  of  0.  humeralis,  but  the  abdomen  is  more  sessile,  the 
clypeus  9  is  rufous;  the  metathorax  is  rounded,  not  sharp,  on 
its  margins,  etc.     The  form  is  more  that  of  0.  Antucensis. 

Hab.  Chili  (Type  in  the  Paris  Museum). 


0DYNERU8. 


227 


64*  O.  IWaypinus  Saubb. — Niger,  hirsutaB  ;  antenni.i,  tegulia,  podi- 
busqutt  ruliu ;  abdotuine  fasciis  2  lateia,  priiuo  Begmuuto  8«88ili,  lato  et 
brevi;  alia  ferrugiueia,  apioa  vioIaBc«atibua. — Loiigit.  13  inm.— 9'~' 
%  .  Clypeo  paulum  bidentuto,  lutoo. 

Ab  Odyn.  AntucetiM  differt,  metanoto  rotundato,  marginibas  hebetatis 
(nam  ejus  masculua  f). 

Oili/n.  Maypinus  SAnss.  Vespides,  I,  169,  58,  %  (1852).— In  Gay's  Hist. 
fia.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  Suppl.  564,  5  (1852).— Veapides,  III,  22i). 

Hah.  Chili  (Type  in  the  Paris  Museum). 


D.  Form  aho  quite  chubby,  but  not  so  much  depressed;  meta- 
thorax  rounded,  Jlat  or  convex  behind,  smooth,  without  mar- 
ginal edges ;  abdomen  arched  (vespiform) ;  first  segment 
very  short ;  its  superior  face  transverse-linear.  {Appear- 
ance of  a  ViiSPA.) 

65.  O.  Tespiformis  Halid. — Niger,  param  depresans,  nitidas,  pills, 
lougissimis  nigris  birsutiis ;  oapite  et  tlioraoe  nitidis,  tenuiter  punctatis ; 
post-soutello  breviter  truncato;  metanoto  rotundato,  oouvexo,  punotato  ; 
thorace  quadrato-globoso ;  abdomlne  perfeote  Hesaili  (ut  in  genera 
Vespa)  snperne  convexo ;  primo  segmento  brevissimo,  antice  excavate, 
subexciso ;  seoundo  subtus  basi  valde  tuberculato ;  punctnlo  frontia 
lateo ;  antennia  pedibua  et  tegulia  rufis ;  pronoti  margine  poatlco  et 
abdominia  aegmentorum  1',  2'  limbo,  luteis  ;  alls  ferrugineis  apioe  sub- 
infuscatis. — Longit.  13  mm. 

9  •  Clypeo  uigro,  apioe  rugoso,  pnnotato,  bicarinato,  trunoato ; 

%.  Clypeo  luteo,  punotato,  bidentato;  mandibulia  antice  fascia  fl^'^a; 
autennarum  uncino  minuto. 

Variat.  Thorace  et  abdomlne  fere  omnino  nigris,  faaciia  rndimentaris  vel 
nuUis. 

Odyn.  vespiformia  Halid.  Trans.  Linn.  Soo.  XVII,  323  (1837). 
Odyn.  hirsutulus  Spin,  in  Qay's  Hist.  fls.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  257,  3  ^1851). 
— Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  212, 118  ;  III,  244. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  rendered  very  distinct  by  its  less 
depressed  form,  and  its  quite  sessile  abdomen,  which  gives  it  the 
appearance  of  a  Vespa.  The  Qrst  segment  is  so  short,  that  the 
superior  face  is  almost  wanting ;  its  anterior  face  presents  as  in 
Vespa  a  sort  of  obsolete  notch  at  its  summit,  which  is  an  impres- 
sion of  the  post-scutel.  The  anterior  face  has  not  the  triangular 
form,  its  superior  margin  being  arcuate  as  in  the  Vespa. 

Hah,  Chili  (A  common  species). 


228 


UYMKNUPTERA  OF  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


-ft 

■V 


Division  PACHODYNBRUS. 

Sadbs.  Ill*,  Divis.  Sect.  I«,  Vespidea,  I,  m9.— Divis.  Epiilon,  Sect.  I, 

ibid.  III.  22»,  252. 

Form  relatively  blunted  (stubbed).  Anlennee  of  wales  simple, 
not  bemg  terminated  by  a  hook.  Thorax  short,  in  form  of  a 
long  or  even  cubical  stjuare,  truncate  posteriorly.  'The  post' 
scuttllum  transversely  tnnicate,  offering  for  this  reason  a 
superior  horizontal  and  transverse  face  and  a  posterior 
vertical  face,  which  makes  a  division  of  the  posterior  con- 
cavity of  the  thorax;  these  two  faces  being  separated  by  a 
transverse  ridge  formed  by  their  meeting.  Abdomen  alivays 
sessile,  conical,  truncate  at  its  base.  (The  first  abdominal 
segment  less  coamolj  punctured  thuii  the  2d,  more  smooth.) 

Among  the  insects  of  this  division  the  forms  are  very  thickset, 
short,  and  stubbed,  Tho  clypeus  of  the  females  is  widened  and 
rounded  at  the  summit,  as  wide  as  long,  pear-shaped,  and  truncate 
at  th'-  xtremity;  the  angles  of  tho  truncation  are  often  a  little 
salien.,  dentiform,  and  sometimes  the  clypeus  appears  bidentate 
by  reason  of  a  little  fossette  which  occupies  its  extremity. 
Among  the  males  this  piece  is  most  often  polygonal,  truncate,  as 
wide  as  long. 

Tho  thorax  is  very  cubical,  with  little  or  bo  retraction  behind. 
Tho  metathorax  never  prolongs  itself  beyond  the  post-scutel,  but 
is  briefly  truncate ;  its  truncation  encroaches  strongly  upon  the 
post-scutel  and  gives  birth  to  a  smooth  plate  which  occupies  most 
of  its  width ;  this  plate  is  polygonal,  often  armed  with  two  lateral 
teeth,  and  bordered  by  some  sharp  or  blunted  ridges,  which 
become  especially  salient  upon  the  latero-superior  borders,  whei 
they  form  on  each  side  a  sort  of  arcade,  and  are  often  terminated 
by  a  projection,  separated  from  the  post-scutellum  by  a  fissure. 
Among  these  species  having  a  thorax  very  square  and  widened 
behind,  this  character  is  well  develoj)ed,  but  the  ridges  do  not 
bend  at  the  middle  to  form  a  re-entering  angle  under  the  angle 
of  the  post-scutel  (as  among  the  Ancistrocerus),  but  are  effaced 
at  the  entrance. 

The  post-scutellum  seen  above  is  almost  linear,  truncate  verti- 
cally, and  its  posterior  face  makes  a  division  of  the  posterior  plate 
•  of  the  thorax;   its  ridge  is  sharp  and  often  creuulate.      The 


ODYNEKLM. 


229 


abdomen  is  iwrfcctly  sesnilf*.  conical ;  its  first  pepment  \h  widf, 
often  (juite  as  wide  as  the  'id,  ''quurtly  truucato  at  its  base,  whii-h 
pennitH  tlio  dihtinctioii  (if  itu  anterior  and  a  HUpcriur  lacf  ;  tlie 
transverse  ridge  wliicli  re-sults  from  tliis  truncation  is  souielinu'9 
blunted,  sonn'tiuicH  ><liarp.  The  superior  fuee  is  alwu}s  tr.insverse, 
wider  tlian  long.  Tlie  abdomen  is  sometimes  velvety,  sometinics 
smooth,  shining,  i/ot  rugose,  and  the  Grst  segment  is  wholly 
ismooth,  less  punctured  than  the  2d. 

It  is  lilting  to  say  'hat  for  each  une  of  these  characters,  there 
may  be  met  some  exception  among  this  and  that  species. 

Of  all  the  Odynerua,  the  species  of  this  Division  have  the  most 
cubical  thorax  and  the  most  conical  abdomen.  Yet  they  have 
almost  the  same  form  as  a  great  part  of  the  species  of  the  Division 
OdyneruH  which  follows,  and  are  only  distinguisl  I'd  from  tluin 
by  the  antenna)  of  the  males,  which  are  destitute  of  the  terminal 
hook.  Owing  to  this  circumstance  the  Pathodt/neruH  occupy 
among  the  Odytwri  a  sort  of  typical  position  like  that  of  the 
IJumenea  of  Division  Omicron,  these  being  also  distinguished 
from  the  other  Eumenes  by  the  simple  flagellum  of  the  antenme 
of  the  males.  The  I'adiodynerus  are  also,  like  the  Eumenes  of 
the  Division  Omicron,  peculiar  to  tropical  and  temperate  America. 

The  Padwdynerus  cannot  easily  be  confounded  with  the  Steno- 
dynerus,  because  of  their  thick  body  and  conical,  thick  abdomen. 
But,  to  make  certain,  one  should  consult  the  taliles  of  the  spe- 
cies of  the  Division  Odynerus,  which  arc  placed  before  these 
Divisions. 

Table  to  assist  in  distinguishing  the  species  of  the  Division  Pachodtkbbds. 

1.  Ornaiuents  of  the  body  all  yellow. 
2.  Abdominal  R«^K»>*)itii  ^H  margined  with  yellow,  except  the  first. 

3.  Thorax  wholly  black. 

4.  Metathurax  rounded,  destitute  of  lateral  angles. 

()9.  argentinus, 

4,  4.  Metathoraz  forming  an  angle  on  each  Hide. 

5.  Thorax  elongate,  uietathorax  with  four  spines  ;  insect  black. 

80.  diabolicus. 
6,  S.  Thorax  cubical ;  metatborax  with  two  angles  ;  insect  vel- 
vety, grayish.  6'6.  Ireviihorax. 

66.  I  bre.vithorax. 
3, 3.  Thorax  with  yellow  ornaments.  67.  ■!  nasidens. 

68.  ^  simplicornxs. 


.>'■ 


r 


23U 


UYMENOPTEllA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


2,2.  The  firHt  abdominal  Begniont  inargiiiHil  with  yullow. 
3.  All  the  8egiut«nt8  margined  with  ^    'low 

4.  Prothorax  all  ynllow.  72.   GuaJulpen$is. 

4, 4.  Prothorax  margined  with  yellow. 

72.  /  Guiuiulpentit. 
6.  The  posterior  margin  of  prothorax  yellow. 


li.  I  uudiiwpen. 
73.  'I  tumitu». 
7«   '  La  I'latw. 


S,  fi.  Only  the  anterior  margin  of  prothorax  yellow. 

6.  Thorax  wholly  or  nearly  blauk  ;  ubd.  much  triinohte  nt 
baSH.  70.   Peniensis. 

6,  6.  Thorax  slightly  ornamented  with  yellow  ;  abdomen  more 
ovate.  71.  bntrfniguster, 

3,3.  Only  the  first  two  segments  margined  with  yellow  or  luteous. 
4.  The  following  segments  rufous.  7S.  eubemii. 

4, 4.  The  following  Hegments  black. 

6.  The  posterior  margin  of  prothorax,  or  both  margins,  yellow. 

6.  Ornaments  whitish.  '^^'  {  ^'"^'* 

79.  I  californieus. 

76.  f  pracox. 

76.  I  La  Plata. 

5, 5.  Only  the  anterior  margin  of  prothorax  yellow. 

6.  Ornaments  whitish. 

7.  In^jett  short,  thornx  cubical.  74.  Gayi, 

7,  7.  Insect  more  slender,  thorax  longer  than  wide. 

7ft.  culifornicua. 
6,6.  Ornaroentsyellow,  insect  not  so  stont.     77.  tibialis. 
1, 1.   Boily  more  or  less  adorned  with  rnfous. 

2.  Prothorax  and  first  abdominal  segment,  etc.,  rnfous. 

81.  Erinnys. 
2, 2.  Only  the  extremity  of  the  abdomen  rafona.       78.  cubensu. 


6,  6.  Ornaments  yellow. 


Description  of  the  species. 

IsT.  Section. —  Tliorax  cubical  (at  lead  among  the  males)  or 
square,  moi'e  lengthened.  Abdomen  conical;  the  first  seg- 
ment very  large,  as  wide  as  the  second. 

In  this  group  one  finds  the  most  thick-set  forms  in  the  whole 
tribe  of  solitary  wasps  (0.  nasidens,  0.  Oayi),  the  thorax 
becoming  perfectly  cubical,  as  in  the  Nertarinia,  among  the  social 
wasps.  However,  among  the  most  part  of  the  species  the  forms 
do  not  differ  essentially  from  those  of  the  insects  of  the  division 
Odynerus. 


UDVNEULS. 


2.']  I 


A.  All  Ihe  urgmcnfH  exec  pi  the  fi  ml,  bordered  xcith  nellow. 

Tlicso  OdyiH'njrt  havo  the  b(»<ly  silky  luul  U(U)ni<'il  with  licuiitiful 
golden  relloftioiis,  or  tlicy  arc  covi-rt'il  willi  a  vclvoty  saliii  wliieh 
often  v'ohft'alu  the  jninoturcs.  They  liavc  a  cioso  ri'soniblaMco 
uniung  tluMnsi'lveM,  ho  tliut,  witliout  comparing  nuinorous  s|icci- 
mens,  one  easily  eonfonnds  all  under  tho  same  description,  taking 
tliem  for  llic  (>.  iiayiihnx  of  Latreillc.  This  liiippened  to  me  at 
the  lieginning  of  my  ntudies.  When  new  spociinens  arrived,  I 
thought  to  distinguish  many  mont  H))ecies,  and  I  have  eKtai)lishcd 
differences  in  the  diagnoses  which  are  far  from  satisfying  me. 
In  line,  tho  ii\crea8o  of  my  collections  has  revealed  to  mc  such 
differences  of  size,  of  color,  and  of  details  of  form,  that,  after 
Imving  believed  for  a  time  that  somo  species  were  distinguished 
with  clear  precision,  I  havo  perceived  that  nothing  is  more 
obscure  than  the  limits  of  these  species.  A  new  examination  of 
my  very  numerous  specimens,  far  from  clearing  up  the  chaos,  only 
results  in  fdling  nio  with  new  doubts  ;  for,  contrary  to  what  one 
usually  observes,  the  si)ecies  do  not  appear  to  class  themselves 
according  to  their  gcograi)hical  distril)ntion  ;  in  lieu  of  (inding 
one  species  from  Mexico  and  another  from  Brazil,  I  find  two 
species  equally  diffused  in  tho  two  divisions  of  tho  American 
continent.  In  the  midst  of  this  confusion  I  think,  however,  that 
I  can  distinguish  the  0.  brevilhorax  quite  clearly,  as  tlicre  is 
here  quite  a  difference  from  other  species,  in  the  form  of  the 
clypcus,  etc. 

The  appearance  of  these  insects  recalls  very  mucli  that  of 
certain  other  Vespida;  which  have  also  their  bodies  velvety  and 
silky  and  which  inhabit  the  same  hot  regions.  Such  as  certain 
Anrif^lroceruK  {A.  Arislae,  Parredeni);  certain  Nertarinia  (N. 
mellifica),  and  even  certain  ChaiierjiiH  (C'h.  chmiariu.-i)]  with 
which  one  should  be  careful  not  to  confound  the  Odyncri 
described  below. 


a.  Melathorax  forming  a  lateral  angle  on  each  tide. 

66.  O.  brevifhorax  Sadss. — Niger,  punctatns,  ubique  tomento  volu- 
tino  aureo-sericeo  indutus ;  thorace  cubico,  latitudine  longitadiiii 
lequali ;  nietanoto  in  tota  latitudinH  excavato;  ejus  excavationu  lievi, 
sericea,  cantliifl  aoittissimis  inarginata,  utrinque  iu  dentem  lateralem 
ezcurrentibus  ;  abdomiiie  perfecte  couico,  sericeo  ;  prlmo  segmeuto  bre- 


!  ^ 


i 


232 


Uy.ME.VOPTERA   OP  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Tissimo;  autennaruin  flagello  Bubtna  et  scapo  apice,  ferrugineis  ;  tegulia 
teataceo-iuaculatis  ;  abd.  segiuentorum  2-5  inargine  late  flavo,  et  valde 
pnnctato;  primononnunquam  etiam  tenuiterflavo-marginato;  tibiis  an- 
tice  flavo  velfulvo-variia ;  alis  ferrngiueia,  apioe  griaeis. — Longit.  10  mm. 

Variat,  Metauoti  canthis  flavia. 

9 .  Clyp«o  puDctato  apice,  dentibus  2  acutis,  inter  ae  distantibua  armato ; 
puuctis  2  fulvia  in  dentibua  et  2  in  augalis  superioribus  ornato, 

%  .  Clypeo  iu  marginibua  argeutato ;  apice  fere  ut  in  9  bideutato,  vel 
emarginato,  dentibua  2  trigonalibus  termiuato;  apice  liueis  2,  iu  summo 
fasciis  2  lateralibua,  flavia ;  labro  flavo ;  mandibularum  margine  externo 
et  scapo,  Hnea  flava  instructis. 

Vurial.  Clypeo  in  lateribua  flavo-marginato;  oculia  iutus  llavo-marginatis, 
pedibua  uigria. 

Odi/uerus  brevUhorax  SAuaa.  Veapides,  I,  172,  62'  (1852)  ;   III,  231.— 
Rev.  Zool.  X,  1858,  16(J. 


The  teeth  of  the  clypeus  9  are  spiniform  and  separated  by  au 
arched  margin,  not  angularly  notched.  The  thorax  is  cubical, 
not  longer  than  wide;  the  disk  of  metathorax  is  much  broader 
than  long,  iu  the  form  of  a  half  circle ;  its  margins  are  arcuated 
anteriorly,  not  sinuated.  The  scutel  is  square,  rather  elevated, 
and  the  post-scutel  is  situated  a  little  lower,  while  in  auratus, 
the  scutel  is  more  flattened  and  the  post-scutel  is  on  the  same 
plane. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — Compare  0.  nasidens  and  simplicornis,  0. 

diabolicus,  and  also  Ancistrocerus  Aristae  and  Paredesi This 

species,  as  well  as  the  following,  must  be  carefully  distinguished 
from  dififerent  species  of  Neclarinia  ;^  this  may  easily  be  done, 
from  their  very  wide  first  abdominal  segment,  not  very  small  and 
shortly  petiolate ;  from  their  distinct  post-scutel,  and  the  truncate, . 
not  angulate,  apex  of  the  clypeus. 

Hab.  South  America.  Brazil.  Bahia,  2  9,3  %. — Vene- 
zuela ?  %. 


67.  O.  nasidens  Latr.— 0.  hrevithoraci  slmlllimna  ;  statora  varia- 
bill ;  thoraoe  longiore  quam  latiore ;  pronoti  margine  postioo,  poRt- 
scutello,  abd^-uinisque  aegmentorum  2-U  margine  ooiiraceia;  alia  ferru- 
gineia,  apice  griaeis. 

9 .  Clypeo  apice  latiua  bidentato,  magia  biangnlato ;  dentibas  fulvia  ; 
interdnm  auperne  maculis  2  fulvia  vel  omniuo  flavia. 


■  The  figure  which  bears  the  aame  name  belongs  to  the  0,  nasideng. 
•  Social  wiisp. 


ODYNEUUS. 


233 


% .  Clypeo  polygonal!,  late  truncato,  margiue  utriuque  flavo,  vel  omniuo 
davo,  macula  nigra. 

Odyn.  nasidena  Latr.  Voyage  de  Humboldt,  Zool.  II,  112,  pi.  xl,  fig.  1,  2, 
9.— Sadhs.  Vespides,  I,  171,  61, 1852;  111,  230.— Uev.  Zool.  X,  1858, 
1()5,  1.— Packard  Kep.  Peabody  Acad.  18(J9,  5. 

Odyn.  auratus  Sadss.  Rev.  Zool.  X,  1858,  166. 

Odyn.  brevUhorax  Sadss.  Vespides,  I,  pi.  xvii,  fig.  9,  9 .' 

9.  Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  11  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  10  mm. ;  wing.  7.5  mm. 
Var.  minor.— <$.  Total  length,  10  mm.;  wing,  7.5  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  7  mm. ;  wing,  6.5  mm. 

Of  variable  size,  sometimes  larger  than  the  0.  hrevithorax, 
sometimes  of  the  same  size.  Head  densely  punctured.  Thorax 
longer  than  wide,  densely  cribrose  ;  post-scntel  linear  above, 
finely  crenulate,  raetathorax  very  squarely  truncate ;  its  concavity 
occupies  the  whole  width,  is  smooth,  silky,  and  a  little  striate, 
bordered  above  by  some  arcuate,  very  trenchant  ridges,  which 
abut  upon  the  two  extremities  of  the  post-scutel  within,  but 
which  are  not  as  well  separated  from  it  by  fissures  as  the  O. 
brevUhorax ;  from  each  side  a  dentiform  angle  turns  downward. 
Abdomen  perfectly  conical ;  the  first  segment  very  largo ;  quite 
long,  being  notably  more  so  than  in  the  0.  hrevithorax,  where  it 
only  forms  a  cup,  not  a  bell. 

Insect  black,  clothed  in  a  beautiful  velvet,  of  silky  hair,  having 
golden  reflections,  which  are  only  distinct  among  the  well-pre- 
served specimens.  Mandibles  ferruginous  at  the  end,  spotted  with 
yellow  at  the  base.  Two  spots  at  the  extremity  of  the  ciypeus 
and  one  at  the  extremity  of  tiic  scape,  post-scutel,  ridges  of  the 
metathorax,  and  a  regular  border  upon  .segments  2-5  of  the 
abdomen  of  a  yellow-ochre,  a  little  golden;  border  of  these 
segments  strongly  punctured  ;  anus  bordered  with  yellow ;  wing 
scales  marked  or  bordered  with  ti'staceous;  knees  and  end  of  tarsi 
a  little  ferruginous;  anterior  til)iiB  marked  with  yellow  before. 
Wings  ferruginous  with  the  end  gray. 

9.  Ciypeus  pyriform,  rugose,  strigose-punctate,  terminated  by 
two  diverging  or  biangulate  teeth. 

Var.  a.  Ciypeus  yellow,  or  margined  with  yellow,  or  with  two 
yellow  spots  on  the  top. 

6.  A  yellow  line  on  the  scape. 


Only  the  figure,  not  the  deacriptiou. 


984 


IIYME.NOPTERA   OF    AVERICA. 


[part  I. 


c.  A  yellow  spot  on  each  side  between  the  eye  and  the  clypeus. 

d.  Prothorax  slightly  bordered  with  yellow  on  its  anterior 
angles. 

('.  Prothorax  not   bordered  with  yellow,  with  quite   golden 
reflections. 
/.  Antenna)  quite  black.     (IJahia.) 

(J.  Tibia.'  with  yellow  lines  or  wholly  black. 

S .  Clypeus  polygonal,  argenteous,  widely  margined  with  yellow 
on  both  sides ;  its  anterior  margin  widely  truncate.  Antennaj 
fulvous  beneath;  the  scape  with  a  yellow  line;  lower  part  of  the 
eyes  bordered  with  yellow. 

Var.  Clypeus  quite  yellow,  with  a  black  spot  or  line  in  the 
middle. 

Mexican  variety.  9. — Mandibles  black  to  the  end.  Antennae 
ferruginous  beneath,  except  at  the  extremity,  ani  becoming 
brown  ferruginous.  Tibia)  all  ornamented  with  yellow.  There 
are  often  two  yellow  dots  oa  the  front ;  the  teeth  of  the  clypeus 
only,  red. — Mexico. 

Umall  variety.  9 . — Of  the  size  of  the  0.  brevilhnrax,  but  offer- 
ing the  same  characters  as  the  above  variety.  Borders  of  the 
mctathorax  mor»  rounded. — %.  Antenna;  and  legs  as  in  the  9 
variety. — Mexico. 

Bexs.  a.  dijf. — This  species  differs  from  the  0.  brevithorax, 
in  its  greater  size,  in  its  thorax  longer  than  wide  although  very 
square,  in  its  clypeus  9  loss  wide,  but  strongly  bidentate,  in  the 
disk  of  the  mesothorax  a  little  attenuated  before,  having  the 
latero-anterior  borders  a  little  sinuate.  The  male  differs,  by  its 
polygoiuvl  clypeus,  truncate,  not  bidentate. 

It  approaches  yet  more  closely  to  0.  simplicicornis. — Com- 
pare these  species. 

Hab.  Tropical  America.  I  possess  a  great  number  of  speci- 
mens. 1st.  From  the  hot  parts  of  Mexico  (Iluasteca,  Oriental 
Cordillera,  Michoacan,  etc.);  2d.  From  Colombia  and  Venezuela  ; 
3d.  From  liahia  and  Brazil.  They  do  not  appear  to  me  to  differ 
Bpecifically. 

Although  the  description  given  by  Latreille  of  his  0.  nasidens 
does  not  agree  well  with  our  specimens,  we  do  not  retain  any 
doubt  as  to  the  identity  of  tiie  species.  The  description  of  Lat- 
reille is  evidently  ii  hybrid  description,  being  partly  of  a  female, 
partly  of  a  male.     When  he  said  that  the  clypeus  was  bidentate, 


IBBI 


fmmmmm 


r^ 


ODYNERUS. 


235 


he  had  seen  tlic  female  of  it;  when  he  said  "bordered  with  yel- 
low," he  had  seen  the  male,  which  he  may  have  taken  for  a  female, 
because  the  antenna3  do  not  possess  a  hook. 

According  to  Latreille,  the  prothorax  is  ornamented  with  yellow 
on  the  anterior  border,  and  it  has  a  yellow  d'ot  behind  the  eyes, 
but  we  suppose  that  he  was  rather  troubled  about  the  golden 
reflections. 

This  unfortunate  eiescription  of  Latreille  has  caused  me  to 
lose  infinite  time  in  vain  researches,  without  the  least  result, 
so  that  I  have  finally  brought  myself  to  announce  the  above 
opinion  which  I  think  to  be  the  oidy  correct  one. 

6§.  O.  simplicicornis  Sacss.— 0.  nasidenti  similliraus,  sed  tliornce 
pauIo  lireviore  et  clypeo  in  utroque  sexu  truucato,  baud  dif,tiuute 
eiuarginato,  J  apice  flavo-bipuuctato,  %  flavo-marginato. 

Odi/nerus  simplicicornis  Sauss.  Vespidea,  III,  253,  %  (1854);Id.  Sagra'a 
Hist,  de  Cul.a,  Ins.  771,  pi.  19,  fig.  5.— Rev.  Zool.  X,  lb58,  1(J(J 
(faulty).— Ckesson,  Philad.  Ent.  Proceed.  II,  1805,  165. 

9.  Total  lengtli,  11  mm.;  wing,  9  mm. 
%  .  To.al  length,  8  mm. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  A  little  smaller  than  the  large  variety  of  the  0.  nasidens ; 
the  same  color,  the  same  velvety  and  silky  aspect.  Clypeus  a 
little  striate,  less  strongly  jiunctured,  truncate  at  the  extremity, 
but  biangulate,  often  a  little  bidentate.  Thorax  a  little  longer 
than  wide ;  shorter  than  with  the  0.  nasidain,  longer  than  with 
the  0.  breviihorax ;  metathorax  as  with  the  7iasidens,  finely 
striate.  Abdomen  as  with  the  O.  namleiis.  Antenna;  ferrugi- 
nous beneath  in  their  first  moiety ;  a  yellow  dot  on  the  summit 
of  the  mandibles,  two  at  the  base  of  the  clypcns,  and  often  two 
more  on  the  front;  posterior  border  of  the  ])rothorax,  often  the 
anterior  also,  post-scutel,  superior  ridges  of  the  metathorax,  and 
border  of  the  segments  2-6  yellow;  tibia;  often  ornamented  with 
yellow.     Wings  ferruginous,  with  the  end  gray. 

Z.  Smaller;  clypeus  polygonal,  truncate,  oflfering  at  the  two 
extremities  of  its  inferior  border  a  marked  angle,  more  decided 
than  in  the  0.  auratus  % ;  its  lateral  and  inferior  borders,  yellow; 
a  yellow  line  on  the  scape  and  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes.  Yellow 
ornaments  of  the  thorax  indistinct. 

7?e.s-.s'.  a.  dif. — Differs  from  the  0.  hrevithorax  by  its  clypeus, 
which  is  not  strongly  bidentate,  and  by  the  yellow  ornaments  of 


m    '!■  ^ 


286 


IIY.MENOl'TEllA    OF    AMERICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


the  thorax.  One  should  perhaps  consider  this  spoeios  ns  a  variety 
of  the  O.  nasidvns?  yet  it  appears  to  us  to  coustitutu  a  local 
species. 

JJab.  The  isle  of  Cuba.     6  9,  3  S. 

"The  nest  of  this  species  is  soimiwhat  of  an  oblate  spheroidal 
shape,  constructed  of  line  earth,  of  a  beautiful  fawn-color.  It  is 
attached  to  a  slender  twig  and  measures  4^  by  (J  lines;  sometimes 
two  nests  are  attached  close  together,  to  the  same  twig  ;  the 
outer  surface  is  uneven,  and  on  the  upper  side  there  is  a  stout 
peduncle,  by  which  the  nest  has  been  attached  to  another  body. 
The  opening  made  by  the  imago  in  its  escape  is  large  and  always 
Oil  the  side  of  the  nest."     (Crcsson,  1.  t.) 


b.  Metalhorax  rounded,  not  forming  on  each  side  a  dentiform  angle. 

69.  O.  Argentinus  Sauss. — Niger,  coufertiiu  punctatua  ;  metanoto 
poHtice  ruguso,  rotuiidato,  utrinquu  augulo  nullo;  superne  utiiuquo 
acute-iuarginato,  cauthis  a  post-aontello  fi»sura  sejunctis ;  pronoti 
abdotuini.sque  segmeiitoram  2'-.'J>  iiiargine  postiuo  flavo-Iiinbato ;  nlia 
hyaliiio-ferruginei.s,  apice  grisescentibus  ;  tegulis  ferrugineis. —  '^  ,  Cly- 
peo  truncato,  tlavo  ;  pnucto  I'rontali ;  scnpo  Bubtus,  tibiia  anticu,  flavis. 

Odyn.  Argentinus  Sacss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  du  Zool.  XXII,1870,  56,  6  9 . 

9 .  Total  length,  11  mm.  ;  wing,  9.5  ram. 
%  .  Total  length,  10  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

$.  Head  and  thorax  dens  and  rugosoly  punctured,  sha- 
greened;  the  punctures  small.  Thora.x  a  little  longer  than  v/ide. 
Post-scutel  truncate,  very  short  and  transverse,  crested  and  a 
little  crcnulate.  Metathorax  posteriorly  excavated,  rugose,  but 
with  arcuate  edges,  circular,  forming  no  lateral  angle  whatever ; 
the  lateral  ridges  sharp  in  their  upper  half,  each  terminating  in  a 
tooth  separated  from  the  post-scntel  by  a  deep  fissure.  Abdomen 
of  Cipial  width  from  basi*  up  to  the  end  of  the  second  segment,  its 
base  truncate  and  rounded;  the  whole  very  finely  pnnctured,  with 
very  short  hair  and  with  sericeous  gray  pile  ;  the  hinder  margin 
of  2d  segment  sometimes  slightly  depressed  or  very  slightly  cana- 
liculated,  and  a  little  more  strongly  punctured  than  ii.o  base. 

Insect  deep  Hack,  with  very  short  gray  hair.  Antenna;  black; 
a  line  on  the  hinder  margin  of  prothorax  and  a  regular  band  on 
the  hinder  margin  of  segments  2-5  yellow  ;  beneath  only  a  mark 
on  each  side  of  the  margin  of  the  ^d  segment ;  teguliR  margined 
with  yellow  or  ferruginous.     Anus  black.     Legs  bla"k  ;  artiou- 


0DYNERU8. 


m 


Intions  and  hooks  a  little  rufous.  Wingd  subhyaline  or  sraoky ; 
tlio  anterior  margin  rather  ferruginous. 

Var.  a.   A  little  yellow  nuirk  on  the  forehead. 

6.  A  little  yellow  line  in  the  middle  of  the  margin  of  the  1st 
segment. 

c.  '":  •»  post-scutellar  metathoracic  eminences  Indistinct  or  not 
developed. 

9.  Clypous  convex,  ntrigate,  bicarinate,  terminated  by  two 
angles  or  teeth,  sometimes  ferruginous. 

%.  Clypcus  rounded,  polygonal,  pale  yellow,  widely  truncate, 
its  inferior  angles  almost  toothed.  A  line  on  the  mandibles  and 
on  the  scape  of  the  antenute,  a  spot  botwecji  the  antenna),  inner 
orbits,  a  line  on  the  anterior  side  of  the  tibia;,  pale  yellow  or 
ferruginous.     Antennie  without  a  terminal  hook. 

Var.  a.  Only  the  2d,  3d,  and  -ith  abd.  segments  margined  with 
yellow. 

Iteas.  a.  diff. — This  insect  has  the  appearance  of  0.  diabolicus, 
but  it  is  a  little  larger  and  is  easily  distinguished  from  it  by  its 
metathorax,  destitute  of  lateral  angles,  but  having  elevated  ridges 
separated  by  fissures  from  the  post-scutel.  The  clypeus  %  is  more 
truncate  ;  its  inferior  margin  being  wide. — It  differs  also  from  O. 
brach'/gasli'i',  by  its  metathorax  without  angles,  and  by  its  deep 
black,  not  grayish  color — velutinous  as  in  0.  nasidens  and  its 
allies. 

Hab.  The  Argentine  Republic.     Buenos  Ayres.    7  9,  5  t. 

B.  All  the  abdominal  segments  margined  with  yellovj  or  rufous. 


a.  Superior  edges  of  metathorax  not  sharp. 

70*  0«  Peruensis  Sadss.— Niger,  cinereo-sericeus ;  thorace  antice 
latiore  quam  poatiee;  m(>tathorace  excavato,  Htrigato,  inferis  tantuiu 
canthis  acntis ;  abdomine  coniuo,  basi  lato,  truncato,  2'  segmenti  mnrgiim 
orasae  puuctato;  post-acutelli  et  uiutannti  punotia  2  luinutis,  abduminis- 
qne  segtnentnruin  limbo  la  '  pallido-tlavin ;  2'  fascia  utrinqun  aucta ; 
femoribus  tibiiaque  obacnre  rufl.s  ;  alia  aabhyalinis,  coata  aubferraginea. 
Longit,  11-12  mm. 

9  •  Clypeo  rotundato,  emarginato,  valde  puuctato,  ilentibua  2  diatantibus 
t<9rminato. —  %,  Clypeo  truncato. 

0(h/n.  Peruensis  Sacss.  Et.  V.iapid.  Ill,  253,  129,  pi.  xii,  fig.  4,  9  (1854). 
Hab.  Peru.     (Typus  in  Mus.  Parisiensi.) 


238 


UYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


r?Al«T  I. 


m 


b.  Superim     '/«/««  of  metathoraz  sharp. 

Tl*  O*  bracliygaster  Sacss. — Niger,  valde  panctatus,  omnino  fulvo- 
vulutinua ;  luetathoraois  exoavatiunu  lata,  lievi,  arguuteo-serivua,  utrin- 
que  obtuaaiigulata, supenie  uantliix  arcuatis  acutis  marginata ;  liis  a  post- 
scutello  per  fl^auram  utriiiquesejunutis  ;  abdomine  uvato,  basi  trunuato; 
capite  ouinino  uigro;  prouoti  inargiiiibua  obsolete,  tegulis  partiiu,  poHt- 
Boutello,  puncto  subalari  «t  punutis  2  in  angulia  scutelli,  metathoracis 
canthis  Huperioribus  abdoiuiuisque  seguetitorum  I'-f  >  Umbo,  fulvis  ; 
priiiii  fascia  augusta,  2'  lata;  2'  margine  late  orasse  puiictato;  pedibiia 
nigris,  artibus,  tarsia  «t  mandibularura  apioe  obsuuro-rufesceiitibna  ; 
^ibiis  autiois  fulvo-variis  ;  alls  ^ubhyalini?,  b.isi  et  costa  anbferrugineia 
apictt  griaeis. —  9*  Clypuo  bidentato,  deutibua  iuter  se  distautibua, 
rufla.— -^  ?. 

Odyn.  brachij()aster  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  173,  63,  pi.  xvii,  fig.  8  (1852). 
.—Rev.  Zool.  V,  1858,  l(i7,  5. 

Var.f  Margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  narrow;  antennie 
ferruginous  beneath ;  wings  hyaline,  with  fuscous  veins. 

Very  similar  to  0.  7iasidethi ;  but  also  very  distinct,  the  abdo- 
men not  being  as  conical  and  the  2d  segment  more  elongate ;  the 
antennue  are  also  more  slender. 

Hab.  Brazil.     (Paris  Museum  and  coll.  of  author,) 
This  can  be  well  distinguished  from  Chartergus  chartarms 
(social  wasp)  by  its  truncate  or  bidentate  clypeus  (not  Rngulate), 
its  long  mandibles,  its  wider  first  abdominal  segment,  etc. 

12.  O.  Giiadulpensis  Sadss.— Niger,  valde  punctatus ;  capite  et 
thorace  rugosia,  abdoininia  aegtuenti  2'  margine  et  scquentibiia  valde 
punctatia ;  linea  mandibularam  et  scapi,  macula  frontali,  pronoto  omnino 
superne,  tegulia,  macula  subalari,  maculia  2  scutelli,  post-acutello 
metanoto  utrinquo,  flavia;  abdurainia  segmentis  lo,  20  flavo-marginatis, 
primi  fascia  utrinque  aucta ;  segmentis  3-5  superne  fulvo,  subtus  flavoi 
tenuiter  limbatis  ;  tibiia  et  tarai.s  tiavia  ;  alia  flavescentibua  apice  infu- 
matia.  — $.  Clypoo  fiavo,  oigro-maculato. — ■3.  Clypeo  truncato,  P0I7- 
gonali,  liavo. 

Viiridl.  Pronoti  angulia  posticis  nigris. 

0.  ciibensi  affiniasimua  ;  ab  illo  distincte  differt:  statnra  panlo  minore  ; 
mandibulia  nigris,  ilavo-notatia ;  pronoto  frequenter  omnino  flavo ; 
antennarum  acapo  nigro,  linea  llava  ornato;  coxis  et  femoribua  nigris  ; 
abdominis  primo  segmento  haud  acute  truncato^;  segmeutia  3-6  nigris 
tenuiter  llavo-marginatia. 

Odyn,  Gnadnlpensis  SAOsa.  Et.  Vespides,  I,  182,  76  (1852). 

'  In  our  ^  specimen  the  first  negment  ofTers  a  sort  of  suture,  but  this, 
I  t'   <ik,  may  be  k  mere  accident  of  puncturation. 


0DYNERU8. 


2;]!) 


Bess.  a.  diff. — In  this  specii'S  the  clypcus  %  is  hexagonal,  as 
broad  as  long,  truncate,  while  in  0.  rubcnsis  ^  it  is  longer  than 
broad,  bidentate,  and  its  greatest  width  is  situated  lower  than 
the  middle.  The  abdomen  is  not  as  conical,  not  sharply  truncate 
at  base;  the  iiinder  margin  of  the  2d  segment  and  the  following 
are  more  roughly  punctate,  etc. 


73.  O.  ZOiiatllft  Sacsb. — Niger,  panctntus  ;  thorace  quadrate,  panlo 
longiore  quaiu  latiore,  nietanoto  exuuvato,  auutu  margiuato,  bian^'ulatu; 
puncto  froiitali,  pronoti  margiiie  antico  et  postico,  macula  Hubalari, 
tegaliH,  soutulli  puuutid  2,  post-scutelto,  tnetanoti  cantliid,  abdoiuiiiis  .'^g- 
meiitoruin  inargiuu,  tibiisque  partiiu,  tlaviit;  alls  nebuloais. —  %  .  ClypHO 
polygonaii  flavo,  argoutato ;  auteunis  subtus  ferrugiueis,  scapi  liuua 
flava — 9?. 

Otlyn.  zonalus  Sauss,  Revue  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  67,  8,  %. 

Toial  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

Head  and  thorax  cribrose.  Thorax  square,  a  little  longer  than 
wide.  Its  anterior  margin  concave,  its  angles  rather  produced, 
but  not  acute.  Post-scutcl  truncate.  Metathorax  much  exca- 
vated ;  its  edges  very  slmrp,  forming  on  each  side  an  angulated 
tooth.  Abdomen  conical,  truncate  anteriorly  (but  not  sharply) ; 
the  margin  of  2d  segment  and  those  following  strongly  punctate. 

Black,  with  short  fulvous,  but  not  velutinous  hair ;  a  spot  on 
the  mandibles  and  a  dot  between  the  antonna3,  a  narrow  band  on 
the  anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  wider  one  on  the  posterior 
margin,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  wing  scales,  a  spot  on  each  side 
of  the  scutcl,  post-scutcl,  and  the  ridges  of  the  metathorax,  yel- 
low ;  all  the  segm  nts  of  the  abdomen  margined  with  yellow,  the 
fascia}  of  the  first  two  segments  the  widest;  that  of  the  first  a 
little  wider  on  the  sides.  Knees  and  tibiae  outside  and  the  first 
tarsi,  yellowish.    Wings  cloudy. 

% .  Clypeus  polygonal,  truncate  or  submarginate,  yellow,  sil- 
very; labrum  and  scape  beneath,  yellow;  the  romaiiider  of 
antennae  ferruginous  below  ;  emargination  of  the  eyes  argenteous. 

Mens.  a.  diff. — This  species  comes  very  near  to  O.  praecox 
Sauss.,  and  may  be  a  local  variety,  with  all  the  segments  maruincd 
with  yellow,  or  evea  a  variety  of  0.  (juadulpensis,  with  the  orna- 
ments reduced. 

Hub.   Cayenne.    (Author's  collection.) 

Observation. — The  extremity  of  the  antenna;  being  broken  off, 


»WW1 


1 1' !     .11  ■ 


li 


240 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


we  are  not  sure  that  this  insect  belongs  to  this  group,  although 
tlie  appearance  is  quite  that  of  0.  cubenais  and  neighbors.  It 
might  possibly  go  to  the  group  of  the  Odyueri  with  hooked  % 
antenna;  ? 

C.   Onhj  the  first  two  abdominal  segments  margined  with  yellow. 
{The  'id  and  ith  sometimes  indistinctly  marginate.) 

'Y4»  O,  Gayi  Spin. — Craasus,  thuraoe  quadrato,  postice  late  6Xca7ato, 
obtU!iaiigulato;  abdomiue  brevi,  lato,  coiiiuo,  basi  truncato,  primo  seg- 
lueiito  seoundo.'equilato;  innuula  froutali,  orbitis  iuternis,  soapo  aubtut^, 
pronoti  margiue  aiitico,  margine  poatico  tonuiter,  macula  aubalari,  post- 
scutello,  maculia  2  mutauoti  aunimi  abdomiuisque  aegmentorum  1',  2< 
limbo,  albidis  ;  alia  aubhyalinia  autioe  subferrugiueis,  aplce  griseis. 

%  .  Clypeo  aubemargiuato,  luteo. —  9  '• 

Odyii.  Gayi  Spinola,  in  Qay'a  Hiat.  fla.  de  Chile,  Zool.  VI,  260  (1851). 
—  Sad88.  Veapides,  I,  170,  69;  pi.  xvii,  fig.  7,  %. 

Hub.  Chili.    (Type  in  the  Paris  Museum.) 

KH,  0«  praecox  Sau.ss. — Niger,  capite  et  tboraoe  oonfertlm  pnnotatis  ; 
abdomiue  aeriuante,  ooniuo,  baai  lato;  macula  maudibularum,  linea 
froiitis  Tertiuali,  pronoti  margine  poatico,  nee  non  antico  teuuiter, 
macula  aubalari,  punotia  2  iu  acutelH  angulia,  poat-acutello,  maculia  2 
metanoti  abdominisquo  aegmentorum  1',  2>  margine,  flavis ;  reliquorum 
margine  fuaco ;  tibiia  flavo-lineatis  ;  taraia  fuaoo-ferragineia  ;  alia  aub- 
hyalinia, ooata  obscuriore. 

9.  Clypeo  apice  dentulia  duobua  rufls. —  %f. 

Odyn.  praecox  Sapsb.  Et.  Veep.  Ill,  254,'  130;  pi.  xi,  fig.  9,  9,  (1854). 

Hob.  The  southern  parts  of  Brazil  and  Uruguay.  (Paris 
Museum.) 

Observation. — This  species  may  possibly  belong  to  the  Division 
Odynerus  mi\\  hooked  male  antenna)?  but  its  peculiarities  bring 
it  nearer  to  the  species  of  Division  Pachodyneraa. 

76.  O.  La  Platce  Sausb. — Niger,  pnnctatua ;  abdomine  sericeo,  basi 
truncato;  clypeo  9  apice  dentulia  2  ferrugineis  terminato,  acapo  snbtua 
rufn ;  pronoti  margine  poatico,  aignatura  aubalari,  pnnotia  2  tegularum, 


I  The  note  intercalated  in  the  text  of  the  description  of  this  8peci<>a 
referred  it  to  the  heading  A  (Group  of  the  0.  Megmra).  One  more  of  the 
chefs  d'oDUvre  of  the  printer,  who  i.s  the  cause  of  all  other  more  grare 
faulta  introduced  by  hia  negligence  into  my  —jrk  on  the  Vetipidea. 


JDYNERL8. 


241 


flavis  ;    altdomini!^   segrne  itorum   1',  2<  niargiiie  flavo,  3<,  4<  teDuitHr 

flav«HO«uttt ;    tibiia  1'',  2'    liuea  tlava;    alia  ferrugiuu!^  macula  radiali 

fuaoa. 

Oilyn.  LaPlata  Sadss.  J;ev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  52,  2  9. 

9>  Total  length,  12  nun. ;  wing,  9.r>  mm. 

9.  Form  rather  slc'idor,  very  niiu'h  us  in  ().  cuhanHiH  and 
tibialis.  Clypous  pyrifoi'n,  Htriffiitc-puiu'talc,  tcrniiiiiitcd  by  two 
little  ferruginous  teeth.  Utii;'  ami  thorax  (hiisel}-  puiictato. 
Po.st-scutel  truncate,  ridged  l)ut  not  erenulatc.  Mt'tuiJiorux 
excavated  in  its  whsdo  width,  forming  on  eaci;  si(h!  on  indistinct 
angle ;  its  superior  edges  convex,  very  sharp,  their  superior 
extremity  hardly  separated  from  the  post-scutel  hy  a  fissure,  not 
forming  salient  teeth;  the  inferior  edges  straight  o:  a  little  arclnfd 
concave.  Abdomen  polished,  silky,  the  first  segment  as  wide  as 
the  2d,  almost  sharply  truncate. 

Black;  scape  ferruginous  beneath;  a  fine  line  along  the  i)oste- 
rior  edge  of  prothorax  and  a  very  slender  one  along  the  anterior 
margin,  on  each  side,  two  spots  on  the  teguhe,  a  mark  under  the 
wing,  a  line  on  post-scutel,  and  the  superior  edges  of  metathorax, 
yellow.  Segments  1,  2  of  the  abdomen  narrowly  margined  with 
yellow;  the  extreme  margin  of  the  1st  brown;  segments  3-5 
narrowly  margined  with  brown  or  yellowish.  Knees  and  claws 
ferruginous.  Tibia?  1st  and  2d  anteriorly  with  an  indistinct  yellow 
line.  Wings  ferruginous  along  the  anterior  margin ;  the  radial 
cell  brown. 

Renn.  a.  diff. — This  is  possibly  the  same  as  O.  prsprox,  and  I 
should  not  have  distinguished  this  from  it,  if  in  the  description  of 
praecox  it  was  not  said  that  the  metathorax  was  rounded,  while 
here  the  superiof  edges  are  very  sharp. — It  much  resembles 
tibialis,  but  the  livery  is  rather  different  and  it  varies  also  in  its 
metathorax  not  sharply  bidciitate,  its  abdomen  not  as  conical,  its 
first  segment  not  as  sharply  truncate,  shorter,  etc. — From  zonnlufi 
it  differs  in  its  livery  and  the  same  changes  in  the  form  of  the 
prothorax. 

Hab.  The  Argentine  ■Republic,     Buenos  Ayres. 

Tt.  O.  tlbiallR  RAnsB.— Niger,  olnHreo-hirtua ;  dense  punctatus  ;  thorace 
qiiadrato,  9  longiore  qnani  laliore,  %  cubico,  depresso  ;  metanoto  bi- 
dtnitato,  aoiili.^HJme  niaiginato;  abdoinine  valde  conico  basi  acute  trun- 
cato  et  caiillium  ncntnni  transversnm  efflciente ;  scgmentoruin  2-5 
margine  punctato.     Macula  inandibularutn,  pronoti  margine,  tegulia, 

'0 


^mm 


242 


HYMENoPTEllA   <tP   AMKIUCA. 


[I'AKT  I. 


tnaoula  flubalari,  post-sciitello,  iiiHtanot!  maculis  2  fliipHriiA  alitloiiilnis- 

quc  Hegint'iitonini  liinbv)  1,  '2,  llnvid  ;  tibiis  extus  Mavis  ;  aliM  tcirugiiie  ■«, 

apioe  iiubucula  fuHca. — Loni^it,  11  mm. ;  aim,  0  mm. 
9.  (-'lypHo  piriformi,  gron-.i  pum-tato,  apitiH  subbideiitato  Hiiperiio  llavo. 
%,  ClypiM)  ovatn,  tiavo,  npiun  Huhiiiargiiiiitu  ;    autuiuiarum  Hcapo  tlavu- 

faH(Muto  ;  tlagello  upicu  liainl  uiiciiiato. 

Od;/n.  tibialis  Saush.  Kt.  Vt^spid.  I,  18.1,  78  (18.')2),  9 

Eexa.  a.  lUff. — This  has  tlio  form  of  O.  riibrnsix,  from  which 
it  dillV'i's  by  its  bhu-k  fonihi'iul,  aiit(!iiiue,  soutel,  and  fcot ;  l)y  its 
thorax  not  so  stronp^ly  puniiturod,  by  tlio  edfjjos  of  niotathorax  not 
so  much  separated  from  tlic  post-scntel,  and  by  the  clypciis  9 
more  (  tarscly  punctured  and  not  distiiuitly  bidontate,  wiiiii'  tlie 
male  has  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus  a  little  concave,  with 
acute  angles. 

ffab.  Venezuela.    Caraccas  9.     (Ilayti  %.) 

Observation. — The  9  comes  from  the  collection  of  T)e  Romand, 
whose  eti(iuettes  are  not  always  e.vact.  The  male  is  lal)elh'd  bs 
caught  by  mo  at  llayti.  This  male  is  certainly  of  the  same  spe- 
cies as  the  female.     The  species  may  come  from  St.  Domingo. 

YS.  O.  Cubeiisis  Sadss. — Niger ;  capite  et  thorace  dense  cribri  instar 
punotatiri;  prouoto  antiee  subcoarctato;  posl-soutello  tiuiicato,  trans- 
versim  tenuiter  carinuto  ;  metauoto  verticali,  exuavato,  utrinqne  dente 
instructo,  Biiperne  cantliiis  auutiHsimia  niarginato,  Ioh  a  post-dcutello 
fissura  sejuiiuti.s  ;  abdoiuinu  coniuo  ;  primo  Hegmeiito  antiee  aoiita  trun< 
calo  coutbum  tranHversmu  efflcienle;  seciindi  segmHnti  margine  pnna- 
tato.  Mandibuli.s,  macula  frontali,  antennarum  artiuiilis  1°,  2^,  pro- 
uoti  margine  antiuo  late,  tegiilis,  macula  subalari,  scutelli  maculis  2, 
post-scutello,  metanoto  suinmo  iitrinquH,  abdominis  segmentorum  1-2 
niai'gine  (prinii  fascia  in  laturibus  aucta),  et  pKclibus,  tlavi.4  ;  abdominis 
segnientis  4-ii  rufis,  et  frequenter  tertio  rufo-limbato;  alls  ferrugineis, 
apice  fusco-nebulosis. — Longit,  11  mm. ;  aljB,  O..*)  mm. 

9.  Tliorace  longioro  quam  laliore ;  clypeo  piriformi,  punctato,  flavo, 
macula  nigra,  apice  bidentato  duntibu-i  angulatis. 

%  .  Thorace  magis  cubico ;  clypfio  ovato,  flavo,  l.-evi,  apice  trnncato,  bian- 
gulato;  oculorum  sinu  Havo-marginato.     Antennis  apice  simplicibus. 

0(lf/n.  ciibeims  Sadss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  181,  75,'  pi.  xviii,  fig.  8  (1852). 
Hab.  Cuba.     (2  9,  2  ^.) 

'  In  this  description  I  have  mingled  the  form  of  the  clypeus  9  with  the 
description  of  the  '^, doubtless  because  the  simple  antennae  of  the  'J  led 
me  to  take  a  "£  for  a  9  • 


OPYNKRirS. 


243 


•»».  O.  C'alirortlicilH  Sai'sh.  (Pi.  HI.  fli(.  17,  ITfi)— M.'.lias,  iiiR#.r, 
fiilvo-toiiK-iitiiHiis ;  clypfo  9  I>>>°>t"riui  raUlo  ptinctiito ;  llioruci)  lievi, 
tuimitur  ])iiiictntii  ;  iiit'tniiotc)  Vaixl  ri^iMo,  himigiiliito,  Huii  (^antliia  obli- 
turatis,  ii«^i!  iKtiitis,  iifc  ni^osis ;  ."li'loiiiiiiH  o(ini(M»,  si-i(iiiHiitis  2  -'  hI  rieiiuHii* 
tiWiix  in  iiiiirL;ii)*4  lli^o.s)l  |>uii(tuii-i ;  fadiia  nrcuiita  MUiiiiui  uly|>«*i,piiiiioti 
ct  alxloiiiiniH  H»-gtn«iit()i'mii  1',  2' liiutio,  tii;iculii  siilialiiri,  imiK^tis  j  lU 
tck'ulis,  ii(iMt-si!Utcllo  et  iiietniioli  (•aiuliin,  liitt  in ;  .lutomu.s  fronte  et 
Iifctilius  iiiiiiincultiti.-t ;  lUi.s  tliiiplianis,  vtMiis  fuHuin.    9. 

Odyn.  Cali/orniciin,  Hauhs,   Rhv.  el  Miii{.  .!.■  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  57,  9,  9. 

Totiil  lunjjtli,  II  iiiui. ;  wi      ,0  mtii. 

9.  Si/,0  ftiid  form  nf  t'  ().  foraminafnn,  elypciis  pyrif<trni, 
stroiii^ly  piitictiirt'il,  Icnnitiiited  l»y  11  little  bortlor  cliiimiflli'tl  by 
a  fossftte  mill  appi'iirinj^  bitleiilale.  Ilciid  lliicly  punctured. 
Tliora.x  iii)t  n^tnictod  before,  its  Hnrfare  xinoolh,  sbiiiinj^,  Itcariiif^ 
soiiio  (piito  fine,  scp.'iratcd  puiir  Mircs  (iit  tiiii"s  tdlac'cd,  esp(it'ially 
ill  tlio  iiiiddio  of  tli»!  iiit'sotiioni .  and  of  Ibe  sciitcl);  post-scutil  a 
little  jiad-sliaped,  lincly  cn'iiuliilo  (or  -smooth);  iiietatliorax  not 
rugose  above ;  its  coiifavity  wide,  sinooth,  and  sliining,  fiiu'iy 
striate;  it  occupies  the  whole  width,  but  its  ridges  are  rounded, 
oral  least  blunted,  not  salientoii  the  suimiiit  (allhougli  delicately 
formed),  but  smooth,  not  rugose,  nor  cribrose  ;  on  each  wide  an 
angle,  blunt  or  even  rounded,  according  to  individual  specimens. 
Abdomen  quite  conic;  the  first  segment  truncate,  but  without 
.sharp  ridge  ;  the  second  ofl'eriiig  along  its  border  a  flat  impr(!ssed 
band,  carrying  a  narrow  band  of  very  coarse  punctures,  l)ut  the 
exticuie  border  Hiiioolh.  The  following  segments  strongly  punc- 
tured. 

Insect  black,  clothed  on  the  head  and  thora.v  with  a  strong  pile 
of  tawny  or  grayish  hair  ;  its  hair  very  abundant  on  the  ineta- 
thora.x.  A  spot  on  the  mandibles,  an  arcuate  band  (or  two  .spots) 
on  the  summit  of  the  clypous,  a  regular  border  on  the  prothorax, 
a  spot  under  the  wing,  post-scutel,  ridges  of  the  metathorax,  and 
a  border  on  the  first  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  (the  first 
widened  on  its  sides),  of  a  pale  yellow;  antennae  and  legs  entirely 
black;  the  tarsi  ferruginous  toward  the  end  only.  Wings  trans- 
parent, a  little  smoky;  nervures  brown.  Wing  scales  having  two 
yellow  spots;  their  middle  occupied  by  a  l)rown  spot. 

Var.  a.  Two  yellow  spots  on  the  extremity  of  the  clypeus. 

6.  Inner  border  of  the  orbits,  a  spot  on  the  front,  a  dot  behind 
each  eyp,  two  dots  on  the  angles  of  tlie  scutel,  a  spot  on  the 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


// 


<iP    /MO 


1.0 


LI 


L25 


■rlM    2.5 


III 


2.2 


lis        2.0 


-     6" 


1.8 


U    ill  1.6 


yw 


<? 


/i 


^;. 


/A 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


& 


244 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMEKICA. 


[X'AllT  1. 


knees,  whitish  ;  anterior  tibite  ferruginous  or  whitish  ;  3(1  and 
4th  segments  of  the  abdomen  bordei'ed  with  whitish  beneath ;  3d 
finely  edged  above  with  this  color. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  Odynerus  resembles  the  0.  Megsera  in  its 
whitish  ornaments,  but  it  is  smaller.  Its  smooth  thorax,  its  raeso- 
thorax  without  longitudinal  grooves,  its  metathorax,  smooth, 
biangulate  and  without  little  teeth  behind  the  post-scutel,  its 
immaculate  front,  and  its  transparent  wings  distinguish  it  super- 
abundantly. 

The  same  characters  distinguish  it  from  the  0.  foraminatus 
and  the  0.  leucomelas. 

Hab.  Lower  California.  I  have  received  divers  specimens  9 
collected  at  Cape  St.  Lucas  by  Mr.  John  Xanthus  and  others  from 
Southern  California  (Berton). 

Observations. — This  species  has  much  of  the  form  of  the  O. 
cubensis,  but  the  male  being  unknown  to  me  I  place  it  with 
hesitation  in  this  division.  If  the  male  proves  to  have  antenna) 
terminated  by  a  hook,  the  species  will  find  its  place  in  the  Divi- 
sion Odynerus,  next  the  0.  Alvaradi.  With  the  0.  Erinnys  it 
is  the  only  Pachodynerus  yet  known  to  inhabit  the  boreal 
temperate  zone. 


2d.  Section. — Form  more  lengthened ;  thorax  lengthened  square 
or  retracted  behind.  Abdomen  less  conic,  more  cylindrical 
or  depressed. 

a.  All  the  segments  of  the  abdomen,  except  the  first,  bordered  with  yellow. 

§0.  O*  diabolicus  Sauss. — Gracilis  ;  capita  et  thorace  dense  rugose 
puncttitis;  pronoti  margine  antico  concavo,  subcristato,  angulia  sub- 
acutis ;  post-scutello  truncato,  transverse  cristato-crenulato,  metanoto 
ezcavato,  ntrinqne  bispinoso,  niarginibus  excavationis  acutis  vertica- 
llbus,  superne  evanesceut'bus;  abdoraine  subdepresso,  antice  rotundato- 
truncato;  segmeuto  satis  elongato.  Omnino  niger,  abdominis  segiufnii^ 
2-6  tiavo-ochraceo  limbatis;  tarsis  apice  fiiscescentibus ;  alis  nebulosis. 

9  •  Clypeo  bicarinato,  apice  bidentato,  vel  acute  biangulato. 

"^  .  Clypeo  polygonal!,  apice  truncato,  luteo-argnntato ;  labro,  antennarum 
soapo  subtas,  macula  frontali,  fascia  in  sin&  oculari,  luteis. 

9.  Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  9.5  mm. 
% .  Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  7.5  mm. 

Odifn>  diabolicus  Sauss.  Vesp.des,  I,  171,  60  (1852);    III,  230.— Rev. 
et  Mag.  de  Zool.  X,  1858, 167,  6. 


0DYNEUU8. 


2ii 


A  very  distinct  species  in  tiie  form  of  its  metathorax.  The 
lateral  tooth  of  metathorax  is  formed  principally  by  the  lateral 
ridge,  and  placed  quite  outside  of  the  margin  of  the  excavation, 
which  is  situated  more  inside,  and  rather  distant  from  the  tooth. 
There  is,  in  addition,  a  very  long  spine  on  each  side,  on  the 
inferior  edges  near  the  articulation  of  the  ablomen.  It  has  much 
the  appearance  of  0.  argeati:ius,  but  tlie  metathorax  is  without 
lateral  angles. 

Hab.  South  America;  Brazil,  Venezuela  (author's  collect.). 


.—Rev. 


b.  Abdomen  varied  with  black  and  rufous. 

81*  O.  Eriniij'8  Lepel. — Niger,  valde  punctatus,  gracilis;  thorace 
postice  attHiiaaco ;  nietauoto  louge  bi^piiiDso,  cautliis  acutissimis  mar- 
ginato;  abdomine  basi  truucato  ;  iu  margiuibud  valde  punctato ;  ore, 
macula  froutali  et  auteiiuaruia  articulis  1-5  riifis ;  prouoto,  tegulis, 
post-scutello,  uietanoti  aiiguli^,  abdoiaiiiis  prirao  sogmento  supurne  et 
fiecundi  margiue  pedibusque,  rulis;  alii)  iiifusuatis,  costa  sabferruginea. 

9 .  Clypeo  pirifortni,  crasse  puiictato,  bioaiiuato,  apice  biangulato,  apice 
et  basi,  rufis. 

^.  Clypeo  polygonali,  luteo,  argenteo-sericeo,  subbideutato ;  anteuuis 
apice  liaud  uucinatis. 

Variat.   Priiuo  et  secuudo  abd.  sflgmentis  fiavv-marginatis. 

Odyn.  Enjnnis  Lep.  St.  Fauoeau,  Hymen.  II,  645,  30  }  (1841).— Sadss. 
Vespides,  I,  178,  70. 

Total  length,  Iti  mm. ;  wiug,  11  mm. 

9.  Form  (slender,  moderately  lengthened.  Head  and  thorax 
coarsely  cribrose ;  this  last  quite  lengthened,  retracted  behind  ; 
post-scutel  finely  crenulate;  metathorax  having  its  pt  *»»rior  face 
a  little  retracted;  strongly  excavated,  a  little  oblic^ue,  t.^ooth, 
finely  striate;  bordered  with  abrupt  very  trenchant  ridge?,  which 
are  armed  on  each  side  with  a  long  spiniform  tooth,  prism-shaped, 
and  prolonged  oblicjuely  backward  ;  it  is  placed  sufficiently  lo\7 
for  the  inferior  ridges  of  the  metathorax  to  be  almost  horizontal ; 
these  last  offer  beyond  on  each  side  of  the  valves  of  articulation 
with  the  abdomen,  a  second  distinct  spine.  The  superior  ridges 
are  sinuous  and  terminate  under  the  post-scutel  by  an  arc  or 
nearly  a  right  angle;  seen  in  profile  their  summit  terminates  in  a 
pyramidal,  although  but  little  acute,  angle,  placed  quite  behind 
the  post-scutel  and  separated  from  it  by  a  triangular  notch. 


j%  / 


/ 


y 

.* 

y 


I  /^' 


246 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Abdomen  of  little  width;  fmoly  punctured,  the  first  segment 
long,  almost  as  wide  as  tiie  2d,  and  boldly  truncate  on  its  ante- 
rior face;  the  2d  cylindrical;  its  posterior  border  and  the  follow- 
ing segments  strongly  punctured. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  short  grayish  pile.  Moath, 
extremity  and  summit  of  tho  clypous,  a  spot  on  the  front,  articles 
1-5  of  the  antennuj,  red.  Prothorax,  wing  scales,  superior 
angles  of  the  clypeus  and  legs,  equally  red.  First  abdominal 
segment  above,  wholly  of  a  sombre-red;  the  second  bordered  with 
red  ;  the  border  of  3d  and  often  the  anus  slightly  ferruginous. 
Wings  brownish,  with  violet  reflections  ;  the  side  a  little  ferru- 
ginous. 

Var.  The  1st  segment  adorned  with  an  orange  border;  the 
border  of  2d  passing  also  into  orange.  , 

9 .  Clypeus  pyriforra,  very  coarsely  cribrose,  bicarinate  toward 
the  base,  prolonged  and  strongly  truncate  at  the  extremity ;  its 
little  border  biangulate  but  straight. 

% .  Clypeus  polygonal,  a  little  longer  than  wide  ;  pale  yellow, 
covered  with  silvery  hair;  its  anterior  border  subconcave,  sub- 
bidentate.  Antennae  simple,  terminated  by  a  very  small  sharp 
nipple.  Inner  border  of  tho  orbits  yellow  or  ferruginous ;  the 
frontal  spot  yellow.  Ridges  of  the  metathorax  still  more  tren- 
chant, terminated  superiorly  by  a  more  acute  angle  of  a  pyramidal 
form. 

Var.  Clypeus  orange. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species,  although  similar  in  coloi's  with  0. 
Boscii  and  0.  arvensis,  differs  essentially  from  them  by  its 
lengthened  thorax,  strongly  retracted  behind,  by  its  little  meta- 
thorax, by  its  long  metathoracic  spines,  its  much  more  trenchant 
and  elevated  ridges,  its  slender  form,  its  clypeus  longer  than 
wide,  and  the  simple  antenna;  of  tho  males. 

The  form  of  the  abdomen  slightly  recalls  that  of  tho  0.  i-sectus; 
the  livery  that  of  0.  doi'salis,  variety. 

Hab.  The  Southern  United  States.  Carolina.  Florida.  3  ? 
1  ^  from  Florida  (E.  Norton}. 


ODYNEULS, 


247 


its 


Division  ODYKERUS. 

Sadss.,  IIF  divis.,  Sect.  II<»  (Et.  Vesp.  I,  177) ;  Divis.  Epsilon, 
Sect.  IF  (ibid.  Ill,  2.'J4). 

Forms  as  in  Division  Paciiodynerus,  but  often  more  elongate; 
the  thorax  more  cubical,  always  in  shape  of  an  elongate- 
square,  often  rather  narrowed  behind.  Abdomen  conical  as 
in  Paciiodynerus,  or  ovatt-conical,  but  the  first  segment 

ALWAYS  fully  INCLUDING  THE  BASE  OF  THE  2d.  {BiJ  excep- 
tion, irregularly  contracted  at  base  of  the  2d  segment,  the  first 
segnie,  t  being  smaller,  rather  cup-shaped. — O.  Morelii.) — 
Antennae  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  hook. 

The  Odyueri  of  this  Division  have  forms  quite  approxiniatiiig  to 
those  of  Divisioi!  Pachodynerus,  forms  whicii  have  been  described 
above,  and  they  difler  from  these  principally  in  the  an.enna;  uf 
the  males  which  have  the  13th  joint  recurved  into  a  little  hook. 

As  these  forms  are  not  exactly  alike  in  all,  we  arrange  the  spe- 
cies in  a  series  in  which  we  can  follow  the  thorax  as  it  becomes 
more  elongate,  and  rather  contracted  behind,  with  the  metathorax 
becoming  more  and  more  rounded,  losing  its  sharp  edges,  while 
the  abdomen  is  less  conical  and  more  and  more  ovate-conical. 

This  Division  includes  quite  varied  types,  principally  charac- 
terized bv  the  modifications  of  the  metathorax  (which  is  sharp, 
spined  ov  rounded,  and  blunt),  and  by  the  form  of  the  abdomen, 
quite  conical  or  elongate  and  more  ovate.  The  more  elongate 
species  pass  into  the  forms  of  the  Division  Stenodynerus.  As 
these  distinctions  are  difficult  to  establish,  I  have  prepared  a 
tabular  statement  of  them. 


Table  to  assist  in  distinguishing  the  Division  Odynerus  and  Stesodynercs, 
with  regard  to  Pachodynerus. 


Post-scutel  truncate ;  abdomen  conical. 

Post-scutel  truncate ;  abdomen  spindle-shaped,  the 
first  segment  rather  subpetiolate  or  funnel-shaped. 

Post-scutel  not  truncate  ;  oblique,  posteriorly  angulate, 
punctate. 

Thorax  cubical. 

Thorax  more  lengthened. 


f  Pachodynei'us. 
I  Odynerus. 

Stenodynerus. 

Stenodynerus. 

Pachodyiierns. 
f  Pachodynerus, 
i  Odynerw. 
I  Stenody.ierus. 


k_    ,_.J 

248  IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 

f  Superior   face  of    metatkorax  produced   behind  the 


[I'AUT  I. 
Stenodynerus. 


post-scutel. 
Superior  face  of  metathorax  not  produced  behind  the 
po3t-scutel. 

a.  Truncate,  with  the  post-scutel.  |  ^«cAo(iyner«s. 

I  Odynerus. 

b.  Truncate,  without  the  post-scutel,  which  is  not 
truncate.  Stenodynerus. 

{Odynerus. 
Stenodynerus. 

i  f  Pachod ynerus. 

J  Abdomen  conical.  i  n  j 

1  l  Odynerus. 

I  Abdomen  spindle-shaped,  contracted  at  base,  the  first 

L      segment  funnel-shaped  or  cup-shaped.  Stenodynerus. 

First  abdominal  segment  longer  or  as 

long  as  wide.  Stenodynerus. 

First  abd.  segment  having  its  superior 

f  Pachodynerus. 


f  Abdomen  elongate,  its  base  widely  truncate. 


face  wider  than  long. 


Odynerus. 

Stenodynerus  (by  exception). 


First  abd.  segment  more  strongly  punc- 
tured than  the  second.  Stenodynerus, 
First  abd.  segment  not  so  strongly  puno- 

j  ,         .  ,  ,  f  Pachodynerus. 

tured  as  the  second,  smooth.  ■<  ^  , 

(.  Odynerus. 

First   and    second    segments   equally 

f  Stenodynerus.  "I  ..        ,, 

punctured.  .^  ^,      ^  ^exceptionally. 

^  *^  Odynerus.        i 

The  insects  of  this  group  have  a  marked  tendency  to  become 
rugose,  and  the  border  of  the  2d  abdominal  segment  is  cribrose 
with  strong  punctures ;  in  general,  at  any  rate,  it  oflfers  a  zone, 
rugose  and  a  little  impressed  or  channelled. 

But  there  is  a  set  of  species  which  offers,  on  the  contrary,  a 
smooth,  shining  body,  with  a  tendency  to  omit  the  punctures. 
This  type  is  represented  here  by  the  0.  bidens  only,  but  is  met 
again  in  other  genera. 

The  species  presenting  a  rugose  body  offer  a  great  similarity 
to  the  European  species,  and  this  similarity  goes  so  far  that  one 
might  attempt  to  indicate  with  certainty  among  them  the  Euro- 
pean type  from  which  they  seem  to  be  derived.  So,  for  example, 
the  0.  (Bhynchium)  dorsale,  derived  from  the  Rhynchium  ocu- 
latum;  the  O.foraminatus  from  the  O.  simplex,  etc.,  while  those 
having  a  smooth  body  which  have  been  identified,  are  of  a  type 


0DYNERU8. 


24  a 


exclusively  American.  The  O.  bidens  in  particular,  with  its  great 
size,  its  black-viulet  wings,  its  white  ornaments,  forming  large 
spots,  its  smooth  body,  is  a  type  of  which  the  form  has  no  simi- 
larity either  in  Europe  or  elsewiiere,  while  it  recalls  other 
species  peculiar  to  North  America  {Munobia  uncinala,  Ancidro- 
cerus  i-sectus). 

The  species  which  form  the  Division  Odynerus  occupy  in 
America  principally  the  northern  temperate  zone.  They  appear 
to  be  yet  more  numerous  in  North  America  than  in  Europe. 


Table  to  assist  the  determination  of  the  species  of  Division  Oili/neriis. 

iVota.— Compare  0.  Cry;)<(c«.s  (No.  95),  which  couhl  not  !.h  introduced 
into  this  table,  not  being  .sufficiently  well  known ;  and  at  the  end  of  the 
genus,  the  list  of  species  incertce  sedis. 

1.  Second  abdominal  segment  having  a  particular  form. 

2.  Second  abdominal  .segment  dcfornied. 

3.   Swollen  posteriorly,  forming  two  gibbosities,  its  margin  very 
deeply  canaliculate  and  uiuoh  reflexed.         110.  cluniculiis. 

3,  3.  Without  strong  gibbosities  ;  the  margin  only  strongly  canalicu- 

'"•te-  Hi.  Moretii. 

2,2.  Second  abd.  segment  produced  in  the  middle,  forming  a  sharp 
angle  or  tooth.  productus.^ 

1, 1.  Second  abd.  segment  not  deformed,  normal,  not  swollen. 
2.  Wings  black  or  fuscous,  with  violet  iridescence. 

3.  Ornam<»nts  of  the  body  white  or  luteous. 

4.  Metathorax  black,  2d  segment  margined  with  luteous. 

101.  Me(j(tra, 
4,4.  Metathorax  maculate  with  luteous;  2d  segment  not  margined 
with  luteous.  90.  udtns. 

3,3.  Ornaments  of  the  body  yellow  or  rufous. 

4.  Metathorax  angulate. 

5.  First  abd.  segment  sharply  truncate  at  base. 

82.  Hidulgi,  var, 

5,  5.  First  abd.  segment  not  so  sharply  truncate,  more  rounded. 

84.  f  dor  satis.' 
93.  t  annectens. 

4,  4.  Metathorax  rounded  ;  insect  velutinous.       109.  Romandinus. 
2,  2.  Wings  subhyaline  or  clouded  or  ferruginous. 

3.  Body  much  adowied  with  rufous;  prothorax  often  rufous. 

4.  Metathorax  not  forming  on  each  side  a  lateral  dentiform  angle. 


'  Compare  at  the  end  of  Genus  Odynerus,  the  species  inceTt<e  sedis. 
«  Compare  also  0.  Boscii  and  arvensis,  sometimes  with  rather  obscure 
wings. 


960 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


5.  Insect  black  and  dull  rufous,  with  yellowish  orunments ; 
body  velutinous,  liairy. 
6.  Second  ubil,  seguiHiit  not  canaliculate.     108.  Guerreri. 
a,  G.  Second  abd.  segment  having  its  margin  strongly  canali-. 
culute.  111.   Muretii. 

5,  5.  Insect  ferrnginous  and  black,  with  bright  yellow  oi  numeuts ; 

abdomen  polished,  not  velutinus.  ''*'^'  \  «"""'"'"•'•• 

lOU.  >.  prulensis. 

4,4.  Metathorax  forming  on  each  side  a  dentiform  angle. 


5.  Size  very  large. 
0.  Wings  smoky. 

(j,  ().  Wings  ferruginous. 

5,  5.  Size  medium  or  small. 


84.  dorsalis. 
65.  j  jiroclus. 
80.  I-  Connors, 


G.  Superior  angles  of  /rothorax  not  prominent. 

99.  I  apicalis 

7.  Wings  smoky.  94. 

92. 
7,  7.  Wings  ferruginous. 

8.  Second  abd.  segment  not  canaliculate. 

9.  Size  smaller.  98.  spectabilis. 


D9.  f  apicalis. 
'ii,  j  aniiulatus, 
92.  ^  arvensis. 


9,  9.  Size  larger. 


94.  f  annulatus. 
■  apicalis. 


94.  /  anm 
99.  I  apic 


8,  8.  Second  segment  morn  or  less  canaliculate. 
9.  Post-scutel  crenulate  ;  abilomen  conical. 

89.  Ifiirbidi. 
9,  9.  Post-scutel  not  crenulate  ;  abd.  not  conical. 

111.   Morelii. 
6,  6.  Superior  angles  of  metathorax  prominent,  separated  from 
post-scutel  by  a  fissure  or  a  notch.     Size  medium. 

7.  Margins  of  segmnnts  2d,  3d,  reflexed;  post-scutel  ~ellow. 
8.  All  the  segments  margined  with  yellow. 

82.  Hidalgl,  var. 

8,  8.  Segments  1-3  margined  with  yellow. 

82.  Ilidcdgi,  lar. 
7,7.  Margins  of  segments  2,  3  depressed,  but  not  reflexed; 
post-scutel  black.  83.  Boscii. 

3,  3.  Body  black,  adorned  with  yellow  or  luteous. 

4.  Ornaments  luteous. 

5.  All  the  abd.  segments  margiaed  with  luteous. 

103.  leucomelas. 
5,5.  Only  2d  segment  margined  with  luteous.     101.  Megmra. 
4,  4.  Ornaments  yellow. 

5.  Post-scutel  black. 

6.  SHgments   1,   2  margined   with  yellow;    wings   cloudy, 
brownish.  83.  Boscii. 

6,  6.  Segments  all  margined  with  yellow ;  wings  ferruginous. 

91.  Alvariidi. 

5,  5.  Post-scutel  adorned  with  yellow. 


MMU 


0DYNEUU8, 


251 


85.  f  ])riirtHs, 
8(J.  I  cunsors. 


6.  Very  large  species. 

6,  Ij,  Species  of  mediuiii  or  small  size. 

7.  Metiitiiorax  foiuiiiit'  <>»  •'ai'ii  side  a  lateral  angle. 

8.  Superior  angles  of  Uietathorax  separated  from  poat- 

scutel  by  a  fissure  or  a  notch. 
Superior  angles  produced  into  erect  spines  ;  scutel 

_  ■y"""'-  87.  sculellaris. 

9,  9.  Superior  angles  not  spined. 

10.  Lateral   angles  acute;    margin  of  '-M   segment 

rcllexed  ;  scutel  Mack.  82.   J/idnh/i. 

10,  10.  Lateral  angles  obsolete;  margin  of  2d  segment 
not  reflexed  ;  scutel  maculate. 

11.  Metathorax  very  sharp;  1st  segment  broadly 

margined  with  yellow.      IdO.  tiir/>in. 
11,11.  Metathorax  not  sharp;  Ist  segment  not  mar- 
gined in  the  middle.  88.  Cordm-ce. 
8,  8.  Superior  angles  of  metathorax  not  produced. 

9.  Scutel  yellow  or  maculate;  clypeus  f  yellow;  wings 
ferruginous. 
10.  Second  segment  margined  with  yellow. 
11.  Smaller;  more  slender;  scutel  yellow. 

98.  fij>ectaliilis, 
11, 11.  Larger,  less  slender,  scutel  maculate. 

91.  (  ajiica/is. 

tr,  in    c  ■,  ^~'  ^Jonnusiis, 

10, 10.  Second  segment  mostly  yellow. 

96.  suf/ureus, 
9,  9.  Scutel  black  ;  clypeus,  J  rufous  or  black  and  yellow. 
10.  Ornaments  of  the  body  bright  yellow. 
11.  Wings  smoky.  92.  urvensis. 

11,  11.  Wingssmoky-ferrnginous.    94.  aimuldius. 
10,10.   Ornaments    dull    yellow;    wings    ferruginous; 
body  rather  pubescent.  91.  AlvaradL 

7,  7.   Posterior  face  of  metathorax  more  or  less  orbicular,  not 

foiming  two  lateral  angles. 

8.  Supeiior  edges  of  metathorax  sharp,  produced,  separa- 

ted from  post-scutel  l)y  a  distinct  fissure  or  a  notch. 
9.  Segments  1,  2  margined  with  lateou.«. 

101.  Megtera. 
9,9.  Segments  2,  5  margined  with  yellow  or  luteous. 
10.  Second  segment  without  yellow  macula. 

11.  First  segment  only  maculate  on  the  sides. 

88.  Coniovce. 
11, 11.  First  segment  margined  with  yellow. 

12.  Scutel  maculate  with  yellow. 

13.  Edges  of  the  concavity  of  metathorax  very 
sl'arp-  100.  turpis. 


SfiS 


HYMENOPTERA    OP   AMERICA. 


[part  T. 


i 


yellow. 


13,  l^i.  Kilpcs   of  the  concavity  of  inetathornx 
morn  liluuted.  lOb.   molealna, 

12, 12.  SculHl  black. 

13.  Fniicia  of  tliu  firrtt  abd.  gHgnient  narrow  ; 
ornaments  pale.         KU.  lencomeliiH. 
13,13.  Fascia  of  the  iiiHt  alid.  Hegiuent  wider; 

102.  \J'oritminutiis. 
107.  ^Jlavojiictus, 
10, 10.  Second  segment  with  lateral  yellow  niacuhe  or 
fascia.  1(14.  Iiluiidus. 

8,  8.  Superior  angles  of  raetathorax  not  produced  behind 
the  post-8cutel  or  scarcely  produced. 
9.  Second  segment  without  lateral  yellow  spots. 
10.  Metathnrax  Ktrongly  extvivated,  rough  ;  all  the 
Hegments  uiargiued  witli  yellow. 

lO.*).  molestus, 
10, 10.  Metathorax  not  strongly  excavated,  not  rough ; 
2,  3  segments  margined  with  yellow. 

109.   Romamlinus. 
9,  9.  Second  segment  with  lateral  yellow  spots  or  fai^cisp. 

104.  blaiidus. 

Description  vf  the  species. 

Section  I. — Post-scute.l  shai'ply  truncate;  its  transverse  edge 
often  crenulate.  Abdomen  conical  or  ovate-conical;  the 
second  segment  not  strangulated  at  base;  the  first  segment 
including  it  very  naturally. 

1,  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  angulate,  forming  on  each  side 
a  lateral  dentiform  angle.  (Thorax  square,  angulate,  poste- 
riorly wide,  not  contracted.     Abdomen  very  conical.) 

A.  Concavity  of  the  metathorax  polygonal,  marginedwith  straight 
or  arcuate  ridges,  which  form  at  their  meeting  a  sharp  angle. 
The  superior  lateral  edges  superiorly  terminating  in  a.  tooth 
or  eminence,  separated  from  the  p)Ost-scxdel  by  a  deep  fissure, 
or  by  a  notch. 

These  teeth  are  more  distinct  in  the  males  than  in  the  females, 
sometimes  obsolete  in  the  females.*     Corap.  Sec.  B. 

a.  Ridges  of  the  metathorax  very  salient;  its  posterior  face  excavated. 
*  Pnnterior  margin  of  2d  nnd  3cJ  abdominal  segments  reflexed. 

83*  O*  Hidalgi  Sxrss. — Niger,  crasse  cribri  instar  punctatus  ;  clypeo 
in  utroque  sexu  truncato ;  metanoto  valde  concavo,  biangulato,  canthis 

'  Principally  in  OJyn.  Boscii  and  dorsalia. 


ODYNKHUS. 


253 


nin  imu  nciitl:4  iMaighmto:  abdoniine  oonlco,  bn.si  nctitc  trnncatn  ;  neg- 
ineiilonuu  2'-4'  iiiiuijine  grouse  imiictiito;  li'  et  li''  lelloxo;  hoiipo  nulttu.s, 
iiiaculii  froiitiili,  oculiiri,  post-ouulari,  proiioti  iiiuigiue  autiuo,  post- 
RcutHllo,  tegtilis,  iHiiuuhi  Hubalriri  ut  utriiiiiiiH  luutauoti  Humiiii,  iibiloininia 
HUgiuuntoi'uiu  I'-^i"  luai'giiiibus,  tlavis  ;  piiiul  fascia  uti'iiu|u»  auuta ; 
pudibuH  ut  mandibuliri  furrugiiieo- »t  llavu-variii) ;  alin  int'ii.scatid  viulud- 
centiburi.      J.  Clypeo  nigra,  llavo-binotato  ;  ^  clypeo  llavo. 

Viiiiat  Miguatuiid  plud  miuusve  fiilvia  (Aiu.  bort-alis). 

Viirietds  Mexivana. — Nigro  et  rufo-variegatus,  vorlice  nigro;  anteiinaruiu 
artioulis  10,  2°  ferrugineis ;  pronoto,  nmuula  subalari,  tegulis,  scutellis, 
nietanoti  lateribus,  rulls  v  ;!  flavo-variis  ;  abdouiiiie  rufo ;  st-guientoruin 
limbo  llavo-vario ;  1',  2'  baHi  nigro-angulato,  pedibun  rufis. —  "^  .  Clypeo, 
capitis  signaturis  et  suapi  fatioia,  flavin  ;  prouoti  limbo,  soutuUis,  macula 
dubalari  et  tibiis  auraiitiacis. 

9.  Total  length,  13-14  mm.;  wing,  10-11  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

Oili/u.  Ilidahji  Sauss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  275  (var). 

Appearance  of  a  Rhynvhium,  but  the  mouth  quite  an  in  Oihj' 
ncrus;  the  joints  of  the  maxillary  palpi  becoming  regularly  shorter 
from  the  iirst  to  the  last. 

Clypeus  punctured,  widely  truncate,  its  inferior  part  rather 
flattened  and  laterally  bicarinate.  Thorax  in  the  form  of  an 
elongate  square,  not  contracted  posteriorly,  densely  and  coarsely 
punctured.  Post-scutel  sharply  truncate,  strongly  crenulate. 
Metathorax  very  rough  on  its  superior  and  lateral  face;  its 
posterior  concavity  occupying  its  whole  width,  shining,  strigose, 
margined  with  very  sharp  edges,  which  form  on  each  side  a  very 
strong  dentiform  angle,  and  which  terminates  superiorly  in  two 
eminences  separated  from  the  post-scutei  by  two  deep  fissures. 
Abdomen  silky,  quite  conical,  not  ovate  ;  its  first  segment  large, 
as  wide  as  the  second,  sharply  truncate  anteriorly ;  the  margin 
of  2d  and  following  segments  quite  coarsely  cribrose;  the  border 
of  the  2d  and  3d  reflexed  but  not  channelled.  Mandibles,  a 
frontal  mark,  inner  orbits,  post-ocular  fascia,  scape  of  the  antennai 
beneath,  anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot  beneath  the  wing, 
tegulte,  post-scutel,  a  mark  on  each  superior  angle  of  metathorax, 
yellow  or  rather  fulvous ;  segments  1-3  margined  with  yellow, 
the  fascia  of  the  first  much  widened  on  the  sides  or  fused  with  an 
oblique  fascia,  often  rufous.  Legs  fert-uginous,  black  at  base; 
tibiae  with  a  yellow  line,  or  entirely  yellow.    Wings  infuscated, 


254 


IIVMKNOI'TKRA    OF    A.MKIIICA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


Ijrowii  with  vidlct  iridt'scunct',  or  fiiHco-vioIiiccouH;  the  Ijuso  paler 
or  a  lilllo  tVrnif^iiHtus. 

Var.  I'rotliuriix  ul'ton  uilh  some  rufou8  color;  tho  yt'llow 
changing  to  fulvous. 

%.  A  littliJ  Huiiilli'r.  Macula3  of  nietathorux  larger;  its  Htij)c- 
rior  ridges  very  salient,  more  arcuate,  torniinuted  superiorl)'  hy  ii 
sharp  t(»(tth.  Mandibles  and  elypeus  yellow;  this  last  polygonal, 
wider  than  long;  the  angles  of  its  inferior  wide  margin  somuwhut 
toothed,  the  inferior  part  not  prolonged  as  In  O.  arvennis. 

Mexican  var  let  II  ?. — Insect  rufous  and  black.  Head  black; 
mniidililes,  clypeus,  margins  of  the  orbits  complete  or  interrupted 
at  the  verte.\,  a  spot  on  tho  foreh'nid,  and  at  base  of  antenna;, 
rufous;  prothora.v,  tegulie,  a  spot  oeiieath  them,  rufous  ;  scutel 
rufous,  notched,  with  black  at  base;  their  nuirgins  all  yellow; 
tho  margin  of  the  first  segment  widened  on  the  sides.  Anus 
yellow.  Feet  rufous,  varied  with  yellow.  Wings  smoky,  mi,\ed 
with  ferruginous  ((7.  IlidaUji  Sss,,  I,  e. ). 

Var.  t'lypeus,  scape  of  the  antenme,  and  forehead,  etc.,  varied 
with  yellow. 

%.  Mandibles,  orbits,  a  triangle  on  the  forehead,  a  line  on  the 
scape  of  the  antenna),  yellow;  flagellum  often  ferruginous  beneath; 
the  hook  ferruginous.  Margin  of  prothorax,  scutel,  a  spot  under 
the  wing,  and  til)ia3,  often  yellow. 

i?('.s,s.  a  diff. — This  species  is  peculiar  in  having  its  first  segment 
sharply  truncate  in  a  right  or  even  more  acute  angle.  It  differs 
from  the  0.  lioHvii  and  arvenniH  in  its  reflexed  2d  and  3d  abdo- 
minal segments,  its  more  sharply  truncate  1st  segment;  in  its 
more  elevated  metathoracic  post-scutellar  eminences,  its  more 
truncate  clypeus. 

The  type  (northern  variety)  differs  from  0.  Boscii  in  its  yellow 
post-scutel  and  black  scutel. 

The  Mexican  (rufous  variety)  recalls  0.  Guerreri  and  Iturhidi. 
It  differs  from  the  first  in  its  form  and  its  not  bidentate  post- 
ecutel;  from  the  second  in  its  metathorax,  superiorly  very  sharp, 
in  the  reflexed  margin  of  the  3d  segment,  the  abdomen  being 
sharply  truncate  at  base,  not  rounded,  etc. 

Hah.  United  States.  New  York.  Louisiana  (E.  Norton). — 
The  temi)erate  part  of  Mexico.  I  caught  2  9,  1  ^,  var.,  in  the 
hot  part  of  the  province  of  Mexico,  near  Cuautta  and  Cuerna- 
cava.     Tamaulipas  1  9. 


ODYNKHUS. 


255 


•♦  Pimttrior  margin  of  2<l  and  3il  nhiUiintnitl  Hiymtnto  not  rfJiKjced,  hut  imiirtittil 

mill  ruiijit, 

AS.  O.  Ilosfli  Lki'ki..— MudiuH,  iugo.HU!4,  clyiM'o  liittt  ijirifomii,  dfiitibu^ 
2  >listantil)iiH  tfrtiiiiiatii ;  O.  ("feimi  .xitiiilliiiiiis  at  ul^'peo  iniiiUH  ^rnnso 
puiiutiito,  lUHtanoti  uaiitlii^  HU|i(!iioritiUM  amtirttiuiis,  i rtMiatis ;  \\\^^vT, 
ruto  et  flavo  varicsiitus*,  «eil  piouolo  nit'iiius  info,  tlav()-lllal^'iIlato, 
HoiUelli)  llavo-  vel  rufii-liiiuaculatd,  |Ki.tt-suutHllo  nigro  ;  nlMloininirt  H*'g- 
luentls  9  l'^-20,  %  \0-As>  flavo-linibatin  ;  piiuio  qiiamhxiue  ante  iiiar- 
giiiuiu  ruto. 

Odjjii.  liosrii  Lkpkl.  St.  Faig.  Ilyinfinop.  II,  (!,17,  22  %  (1841).— Sausb. 

Vi'Hi.i.l.  I,  177,  (i'J ;'  1)1.  xvii,  li^-.  10,  %  ;  III,  231,  J. 
Odi/ii.  cuatiijaluH  Sauhh.  Vespid.  I,  178,  71  (18r)2). 

Total  l^'ugtli,  14  mill. ;  wing,  11  nun. 

9.  Size,  form,  iiii!l  pimfturing  of  tlio  O.  arvenfu's-,  or  a  iittlo 
less  coarsely  puiictiirud.  Clypeu.s  widely  pyriforni,  i>unetuate- 
striute,  termiimted  by  two  little  Hepanited  teeth.  J'ost-seiitel 
stroiifrly  crenulute.  Melutliorax  Inlerully  bideiitate ;  its  spitii- 
foriii  aiigle.s  situated  a  little  lower  than  in  the  specie.s  cited;  the 
posterior  plate  strongly  concave,  striate  Ihrtmghout  and  distinctly 
bordered  with  very  sharp  and  trenchant  ridgcH,  above  all  between 
the  Hpiniform  angle  and  the  post-scutel ;  these  ridges  a  little 
crenulatc  and  terminating  .superiorly  in  a  sort  of  tooth  or  rather 
a  crcnulate  angle  .separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  a  notch ;  their 
inner  face  a  little  rugose,  punctured. 

Insect  densely  and  rugosely  punctured;  the  nictathora.x  above 
very  rugose.  Abdomen  conic;  the  first  segment  truncate  at  base, 
at  a  right  angle,  but  the  transverse  edge  rounded,  not  sharp. 
Border  of  the  2d  abdominal  segment  depressed,  coarsely  punc- 
tured, but  not  reflpxcd ;  those  following  strongly  punctured. 
Insect  black.  Mouth,  clypeus,  spots  behind  the  eyes,  red  or 
orange ;  an  arc  or  t\?o  spois  at  the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  one  on 
the  front,  and  inner  border  of  the  orbits,  orange ;  articles  1,  2  of 
the  antennre  red  or  orange,  with  an  obscure  line  above.  Prothorax 
red;  the  anterior  border  orange ;  tegulre  red,  spotted  with  yellow; 
spot  under  the  wing  orange  or  red  ;  clypeus  black,  with  some- 
what of  red  and  two  yellow  spots;  two  orntige  spots  at  the  summit 
of  the  metathorax;  segments  1,  2  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with 
yellow;  the  border  of  the  first  widened  on  the  sides  ;  this  widen- 


'  7/1  place  of  Long.  =0.018,  read:  =0.012. 


256 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[I'ART  I. 


Jng  varied  with  red  or  often  almost  entirely  red.     Legs  yellow  or 
red,  with  the  base  of  the  thighs  obscure.     Wings  of  a  brown- 
reddish,  slightly  darkened,  with  some  violet  reflections  (Carolina). 
Var.  a.  Edges  of  metathorax  a  little  blunted  by  the  rugosities. 

b.  Prothorax  black,  slightly  bordered  with  red  and  very  slen- 
derly with  yellow ;  ornaments  of  the  head  red  ;  borders  of  the  abdo- 
men narrow.    Clypeus  black,  with  a  yellow  baud  on  the  summit. 

c.  Clypeus  black,  with  two  yellow  spots. 

d.  C'ypeus  black,  with  two  red  points  (New  England).  The 
yellow  and  the  red  take  each  other's  places  and  arc  more  or  less 
developed.     Base  of  legs  black. 

e.  Prothorax  black,  ornamented  with  yellow,  without  red. 
/.  The  3d  segment  bordered  with  yellow. 

g.  Insect  distinctly  black  and  yellow,  without  red.  The  orna- 
ments of  a  sharp  yellow.  Clypeus  black,  with  a  yellow  arcuate 
band  on  the  summit ;  a  yellow  line  on  the  scape  (New  York, 
Tennessee). 

Ji.  Spots  on  the  scutel  very  small  or  none. 

% .  Clypeus  yellow,  but  little  notched ;  post-scutcl  red  or 
yellow;  first  abdominal  segment  red,  bordered  with  yellow. 
Segments  3,  4  adorned  with  a  yellow  edging. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  Odynerus  diflfers  from  the  0.  dorsaUs  9 
by  its  wider  clypeus,  and  by  the  trenchant  and  elevated  ridges 
which  border  the  concavity  of  the  metathorax  ab-^ve  the  spiniform 
angle,  also  by  its  smaller  size,  etc.  From  the  0.  orvcniis  by 
these  same  rnetathoracie  ridges,  which  are  more  salient  and 
crenulate,  which  one  may  perceive  especially  in  profile ;  by  its 
black  post-scutcl  and  its  scutel  spotted  with  yellow ;  by  its  3d 
segment,  a  little  less  strongly  punctured;  its  final  segments  not 
bordered  with  yellow.  Nevertheless  these  two  species  are  allied. 
— From  the  0.  Hidalgi  by  the  absence  of  the  rcflexed  border  of 
segments  2,  3,  by  the  black  post-scutel,  the  1st  segment  not  so 
acutely  truncate,  etc. 

Hab.  The  United  States,  at  the  South.  Florida,  1  9 .  South 
Carolina,  2  9.  Tennessee,  3  9.  New  York  and  Connecticut, 
3  9  (E.  Norton). 

The  specimens  coming  from  the  South  are  especially  marked 
with  red  ;  those  of  the  north  become  black  and  yellow. 

Observation. — Lepel  de  St.  Fargeau  has  described  a  male,  and 
I  unfortunately  possess  only  females.     lie  was  evidently  mis- 


ODYNERUS. 


257 


is  9 
idffcs 


I'Ul 


and 

y  i^*' 
3  3d 
5  not 

Allied, 
f  of 

lot  so 


;outh 


larked 


,  ana 
mia- 


taken  in  saying  that  the  post-scntol  is  slightly  crcnulate  ;  how- 
ever, one  finds  under  this  deisoriptiou  some  variations  according 
to  specimens. 

84«  O*  dorsalis'  Fabr — Validus,  niger,  valde  puuctatus ;  clypeo 
iutegro,  metauoto  posittuti  striuto,  utriu^uo  <leute  ariuatu,  luargiiiibus 
rugoais,  oblittirati.s,  uullomuilo  auutis,  cauthis  9  nullin,  ^  elevatius- 
culia  ;  ore,  clypeo,  aiitennarum  arliculis  1-3,  inaculi.s  post-oculaiibus, 
pronoto,  3cutello,  tegulis,  rn&n  ;  pronoto  medio,  post.acutello  et  abdo- 
uiiuis  primi  segmeuti  inargine,  tlavis ;  margitie  secuiidi  et  tertii  rugo- 
sisaime  punctati!); — '^  anteniiis  baai,  tnaculaque  subalari  rufa ;  abdo- 
minis seginentorum  niargiue  20,  3^  tlavo,  seuuudo  reflexo,  subcauali- 
culato ;  pedibus  flavia,  baai  nigris  ;  alia  fusco-cyaueis. 

Variat  a  fusco  et  ferrugiueo-variegato  ad  ouiuiuo  ferrugineum ;  prime 
aegmeuto  llavo-uurginato. 

Vespa  dorsalis  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  3(!7,  25  (1775).     Eut.  Syst.  265,  44.— 

Oliv.  Kncycl.  Moth.  VI,  685,  81. 
Pnlisles  dorsalis  Vabh.  Ijyst.  I'iez.,  273.  19. 
Rhijnc/uutii  biiltaiium  Say,  Boat.  Jouru.  I,  1837,  383, 1. — Say's  Entom.  Lb 

CONTE,  II,  764,  1. 
Monohia  si/lvatica  SAcaa.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  168.^ 

lihynchium  Louisianum  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  1, 106, 7;  pi.  xiii,  fig.  9'  (1852). 
lihynchium  domale  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  171. 

9 .  Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wing,  14  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  17  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 

9 .  Large.  Clypeus  wider  than  long,  but  pyriform,  tei'minated 
by  a  truncation  or  even  a  little  rounded ;  its  surface  covered  with 
quite  fine  punctures.  Mandibles  long,  hooked;  armed  in  the 
middle  of  their  inner  border  with  3  or  4  oblique  teeth,  but  their 
final  portion  simply  cutting,  not  dentate.  Head  and  thorax 
densely  cribrose  with  strong  punctures ;  prothora.x  retracted 
before.  Scntel  briefly  truncate,  bearing  a  crcnulate  crest,  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle.  Metathorax  very  coarsely  punctured,  very 
rugose  upon  its  borders  ;  quite  variable  according  to  specimens; 
its  hinder  plate  quite  flattened,  striate,  forming  on  each  side  a 
dentiform  angle  (at  times  blunted)  ;  its  superior  borders  some- 
times quite  trenchant,  sometimes  effaced,  scarcely  offering  tren- 

'  Compare  Rhynchium  dorsale,  page  143. 

*  Compare  page  132,  No.  3,  most  likely  a  different  species. 

9  On  the  inscription  upon  this  plate,  in  place  of:  9.  Rh.  limhatum,  read  : 
10.  Rh.  limbatun;  and  in  place  of:  10.  Rh.  Louisanum,  read:  9.  Rh.  Louisi- 
anum. 

IT 


f 


<-«" 


•.-£4U 


258 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


chant  ridges,  but  rounded  and  rugose,  rarely  elevated  so  as  to  oe 
separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  a  fissure,  so  that  the  post-scutel 
appears  very  salient.  The  concavity  striate,  iis  borders  rugose. 
The  superior  crest  salittut  or  effaced.  Abdomen  wide,  conical ; 
the  first  segment  truncate,  but  rounded,  without  a  ridge  ;  the  2d 
segment  finely  punctured,  offering  along  its  posterior  margin  a 
wide  rugose  band,  a  little  depressed,  garnished  with  coarse  punc- 
tures ;  this  band  a  little  widened  in  the  middle,  but  the  little 
border  (the  very  edge)  smooth ;  following  segments  sti'ougly 
punctured,  with  the  extreme  margin  smooth. 

Black  Variety. — Insect  black;  mouth,  clypcus,  a  spot  on  the 
front,  inner  border  of  the  orbits,  a  great  spot  behind  each  eye,  arti- 
cles 1-3  of  the  antennae,  rufous;  prothorax,  tegulas,  scutel,  equally 
rufous ;  in  the  middle  of  the  prothorax  a  double  spot  and  on  the 
post-scutel  a  line  or  two  dots,  yellow;  first  abdominal  segment 
ornamented  with  a  yellow  border  widened  on  the  sides.  Legs 
black,  knees,  tibiie,  and  tarsi,  yellow.  Wings  of  a  deep  brown 
violet. 

Var.  a.  Scutellum  black. 

b.  Border  of  2d  and  3d  abdominal  segments  brown. 

c.  Border  of  2d  and  3d  segments  narrowly  yellow. 

d.  Clypeus  black,  spotted  with  ferruginous.  Scutel  black,  with 
two  red  spots. 

e.  Disk  of  mcsothorax  with  two  hooked  rufous  maculoe. 

/.  The  ferruginous  more  extended ;  two  ferruginous  spots  nn 
the  mesothorax ;  scutel  and  metathorax  ferruginous ;  abdomen 
ferruginous  with  the  fiist  two  segments  notched  with  black  at  the 
base  and  their  border  yellow  (Louisiana)  (Polistes  dorsalis  Fabr. 
Eh.  Louisianum  Sauss.). 

g.  Almost  entirely  ferruginous,  with  the  border  of  the  first 
segment  yellow.  Legs,  mandibles,  orbits,  varied  with  orange 
(Illinois). 

h.  The  two  nietathoracic  teeth  blunted,  not  very  distinct. 

Rufous  Varieti/. — The  whole  insect  rufo-ferruginous ;  scape 
beneath,  hinder  margin  of  prothorax,  tegulse,  a  line  on  the  post- 
Bcutel,  border  of  the  1st  Segment  of  the  abdomen,  yellow;  feet 
mostly  yellow,  and  the  flagellura  only  of  the  antennae  black. — 
Mexico. 

— a.  A  spot  on  the  vertex,  anterior  part  of  mesothorax,  base 
of  the  first  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  black  (Tennessee). 


OUYNERUS. 


259 


jv;  feet 
black. — 


— b.  All  the  intermediate  degrees  between  the  black  and  the 
rufous  variety  (Illinois,  Tennessee). 

%.  Metathorax  less  blunted  on  the  latero-superior  borders  of 
the  concavity,  the  superior  edges  more  elevated,  forming  lines  of 
salient  rugosity,  and  separated  from  the  post-scutel  on  each  side 
by  a  fissure;  often  exhibiting  tvvo  slightly  crenulatc  salients;  the 
two  lateral  teeth  very  sharp.     Abdomen  more  conical. 

A  little  smaller;  clypeus  as  long  as  wide,  yellow.  Mandibles, 
inner  borders  of  orbits,  spot  on  the  front,  and  a  line  on  the  scape 
of  the  antennae,  in  general,  yellov/ ;  hook  of  the  antennaj  ferru- 
ginous. A  red  spot  under  the  wing.  Borders  of  abdominal 
segments  2,  3  adorned  with  yellow ;  the  2d  reflexed,  strongly 
channelled ;  rugosities  of  these  two  borders  excessively  strong. 
Wing  not  so  deeply  colored  as  in  female. 

Var.  a.  Angles  of  metathorax  red;  a  little  red  bordering  the 
yellow  within  the  black  notch  of  the  first  segment,  especially  on 
the  right  and  the  left. 

b.  Two  yellow  dots  on  the  superior  face  of  the  metathorax  and 
two  beneath  the  wings. 

c.  The  whole  anterior  border  of  the  prothorax  red,  wideiy 
margined  with  yellow. 

d.  Wings  transparent.     Scutellum  black. — Illinois  (Walsh). 

e.  Body  more  and  more  rufous. 

This  species  seems  to  become  more  rufous  as  it  goes  southward. 
It  is  also  rather  variable  in  the  strength  of  the  punctures. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — The  0.  dorsalis  is  remarkable  for  the  inequality 
of  the  metathorax  in  the  different  sexes,  from  whence  it  results 
that  the  males  are  well  placed  in  this  section,  while  the  females 
seem  by  their  effaced  ridges  to  go  better  into  the  Divisions  B.  or 
C.  The  species  greatly  resembles  the  0.  Boscii  and  arvensis, 
but  above  all  it  differs  from  them  by  its  greater  size,  by  its  trun- 
cate, not  bidentate  clypeus,  and  by  its  more  obscure  wings.  It 
differs  from  the  0.  Boscii  by  the  less  elevated  ridges  of  the  meta- 
thorax, and  from  the  arvensis  by  the  more  elevated  ridges.  The 
ferruginous  individuals  resemble  the  O.  Iturbidi.  Finally,  the 
species  is  clearly  different  by  its  maxillary  palpi,  which  are  those 
of  a  Rhynchium,} 

'  With  the  0.  dorsalis,  the  niaxillary  palpi  have  tlie  1st  article  large; 
the  2d  and  3d  slender  and  long;   the  last  three  quite  small.    TLe  3d 


|i:;' 


2C0 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[I'ART  I. 


Hab.  The  United  States,  especially  the  South,  I  possess  divers 
individuals  taken  in  Pennsylvania  (Kathvon),  Illinois  (Walsh), 
Tennessee  (Fuchs),  Louisiana  (Norton),  South  Carolina  (author). 
I  have  taken  the  red  variety  in  Mexico. 

Observation. — I  am  not  entirely  certain  v.'hether  my  Monobia 
silvatica  should  be  fused  into  this  species  or  whether  it  is  a  true 
Monobia,  the  label  of  it  being  uncertain  and  the  palpi  having  been 
found  in  an  imperfect  state.     The  type  I  cannot  examine  again. 


85.  O*  proctus  Cresson. — Pallida  ferruginens  ;  orbitis,  clypeo,  margine 
antico  pronoti,  scuteliis,  macula  subalari,  pedibus  partiiu  abdouiiuisque 
segmentorum  1',  2',  margiuibus,  obscure-tlavidid ;  anteuuia  mediia 
nigresoentibus  ;  alis  pallide  flavesceutibus.    9  • 

Odyn.  Proctus  Cresson,  Pbila.  Ent.  Proceed.  IV,  18(j5,  159. 

Total  lengtb,  8.5  lines  ;  expanse  of  wing,  15  lines. 

9.  Head  dull-ferruginous,  dusky  above  the  insertion  of  each 
antenna;,  around  the  ocelli  and  on  the  occiput ;  inner  orbits  of 
the  eyes,  filling  up  the  deep  sinus,  a  small  subcordate  mark 
between  the  antennae,  the  clypeus,  and  most  of  the  mandibles 
yellowish ;  clypeus  large,  closely  punctured,  flattened  on  the  disk, 
and  slightly  and  obtusely  emarginate  at  tip ;  mandibles  black  at 
tip  ;  palpi  pale  ferruginous  ;  antennae  yellowish-ferruginous,  the 
scape  yellowish  beneath.  Thorax  fusco-ferruginous,  closely  and 
rather  deeply  punctured,  covered  with  a  very  short,  fine,  dull 
yellowish,  subsericeus  pile;  broad  anterior  margin  of  the  pro- 
thorax  above,  continued  in  a  narrow  line  to  the  tegula;,  and  a 
large  spot  on  each  side  of  the  pleura,  yellowish ;  mesothorax 
fusco-ferruginous,  tinged  with  blackish  on  the  anterior  and  poste- 
rior margins,  the  disk,  with  two  distant,  very  faint,  longitudinal, 
ferruginous  lines,  confluent  behind  the  middle  ;  scutellum  and 
post-scutellum  yellowish,  the  apical  margin  of  the  former  blackish, 
and  the  yellowish  portion  divided  down  the  middle  by  a  faint 
fuscous  line;  metathorax  yellow,  the  suture  between  it  and  the 
post-scutellum,  as  well  as  a  large  spot  on  tha  apical  middle,  fusco- 
ferruginous;  posterior  face  rather  suddenly  depressed,  with  a 
small  tubercle  on  each  side  at  the  angulation;   pleura  fuscous 

article  is  not  longer  than  the  last  tvro  taken  together,  but  yet  the  species 
may  be  placed  in  the  genus  Rhynchium. — Compare  what  has  been  said 
apropos  of  the  genus  Rhynchium,  page  142. 


0DYNERU8. 


2GI 


beneath ;  tegulaa  duH  yellowish,  with  a  ferruginous  stain  on  the 
middle.  Abdomen  oblong"  ovate,  tlie  basal  segment  dome-shaped, 
obtusely  rounded  at  base,  without  transverse  suture  at  carina, 
distinctly  i)unetured,  the  remaining  segments  indistinctly  so ; 
apical  margins  of  all  the  segments  above  narrowly  yellowish, 
almost  divided  on  the  disk  by  a  narrow  line,  those  of  the  second 
and  third  segment  broader  and  dilated  on  the  extreme  sides, 
espociuUy  on  the  lirst  segment,  where  tliere  is  a  rather  largo 
triangular  mark ;  the  bands  on  the  remaining  segments  more  or 
less  enmrgiuato  on  each  side  anteriorly  ;  apical  segment  with  a 
large,  broad,  angular,  dull  yellowish  mark  on  the  middle;  beneath 
marked  as  above,  except  that  the  apical  segment  is  imraaculati', 
and  the  second  segment  is  almost  entirely  yellowish,  with  three 
ferruginous  spots  arranged  transversely  near  the  apical  margin. 

Legs  deep  yellowish,  the  femora  above  and  at  base  beneath 
pale  yellowish  and  pale  ferruginous.  Wings  deep  yellowish- 
hyaline,  faintly  dusky  at  tips  ;  nervures  honey-yellow. 

Var.  This  species  certainly  varies  much  iuto  black,  rufous  and 
yellow. 

Hess.  a.'iUff, — I  do  not  know  this  species,  and  I  can  only  copy 
the  good  description  of  it  given  by  E.  T.  Cresson,  so  that  I  can 
not  be  perfectly  sure  it  should  bo  placed  in  this  section.  It  is 
very  distinct  by  its  enormous  size,  still  larger  than  0.  dorsalis; 
being  the  largest  North  American  Odynerus,  It  is  most  likely  a 
Ehynchium,  as  well  as  O.  dormHs.  I  quite  agree  with  the 
presumption  of  Mr.  Cresson,  that  0.  consors  may  be  its  male. 

Hob.  Cuba. 


86.  O.  consors  Cresson.— Niger ;  pnncto  frontali,  orliUis,  clypeo,  pro- 
iioto  aatice,  tegulis,  macula  subalari,  scutellis,  inetathorai^e  partim, 
pedibiis,  abdominisqiie  segm«ntoruin  limbo,  fiavidis ;  abdomine  fusco, 
Pfginentis  lOet  2P  nigrescentibns ;  alis  ferruginescentibus  apice  griseis. 

Oi^tjH.  consors  Cresbon,  Phlla.  EnL  Proceed.  IV,  186i),  IGO, 

Total  length,  7  lin. ;  expanse  of  wing,  11  lin 

% .  Head  black,  deeply  and  closely  punctured ;  the  orbits,  fill- 
ing up  the  sinus  in  front,  a  spot  between  the  antennte,  dilated 
above,  clypeUs,  labrum,  and  mandibles,  except  tips,  yellow  (in 
one  specimen  more  or  less  ferruginous) ;  antennae  nearly  as  long 


2G2 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


as  the  thorax,  terminating  in  a  hook,  black,  tinged  with  ferrugi- 
nous at  base  and  tips,  scape  yellowish  beneath.  Thorax  dull 
blackish,  densely  punctured,  slightly  pubescent;  broad  anterior 
margin  of  prothorax  continued  in  a  narrow  line  to  the  togala), 
sometimes  interrupted,  a  large  spot  beneath  the  teguloe,  scuti'llum, 
except  its  apical  margin,  and  post-scutelluui,  yellowish,  sometimes 
tinged  with  ferruginous;  pleura  slightly  sericeous  in  certain  lights, 
with  an  oblique  dull  yellowish  stain  on  each  side  beneath ;  mota- 
thorax  mostly  yellowish,  the  extreme  sides  spotted  or  stained  with 
fuscous,  the  posterior  face  deeply  and  broadly  excavated,  covered 
with  fine  transverse  striae,  more  or  less  distinct,  and  with  a  large 
blackish  mark,  covering  the  disk  and  spreading  out  on  each  side 
at  base ;  lateral  angles  prominent  and  obtuse ;  tegulaj  yellowish, 
with  a  ferruginous  spot  on  the  middle.  Abdomen  shaped  and 
marked  as  in  the  preceding  species,  but  the  general  color  fuscous, 
with  the  third  and  sometimes  the  first  segments,  except  their 
apical  margins,  blackish,  and  the  spot  on  the  terminal  segment 
above,  scarcely  defined. 

Legs  yellow,  the  femora  tinged  with  ferruginous  above.  "Wings 
yellowish-hyaline,  more  deeply  yellowish  along  the  costa;  the 
apex,  especially  about  the  marginal  cell,  dusky ;  nervures  honey- 
yellow. 

Hah.  Cuba. 

This  is  most  probably  the  male  of  0.  proctus,  as  E.  T,  Cresson 
supposes.  But  not  having  the  insects  before  my  eyes,  I  cannot 
safely  decide  it,  nor  make  one  description  answer  for  both. 


(.   The  hinder  Jace  of  metathorax  more  Jlaileued ;  its  superior  edges  not 

so  salient. 

*  The  auperior  ridgea  forming  two  elevated  epines  behind  thepost-setttel. 

81.  O.  Scutellaria  Sai'sb.— Niger,  thorace  valde  punctato,  postice 
attenuato;  post-scntello  acute  truncato ;  metanoti  facie  postica  planata, 
valde  angulata,  utrinqne  dentata,  canthis  rectis  marginata,  sapra  pone 
post-scutellnm  bispiiiosa  ;  abdoiiiine  gracili,  puuotato ;  primo  Sfgmento 
basi  truncato;  segmentis  seqnentibns  marsrine  fortlns  pnnctalo ;  maonla 
frontali,  poat-oculari,  pronoti  margiiip,  tegulis,  macula  snbalari,  scutelii 
margine,  post-scntello,  metanoti  dentulis,  abdominisqne  segmentorum 
li_4i  margine  pedibnsque,  flavis  ;  alia  fnsco-ferrngineis,  nebulosis. 

% .  Clypeo  ovato-elongato,  flavo,  apice  breviter  bidentato. 

Odyn.  scutellaris  Sauss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  58,  11,  %. 
Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 


«■■ 


ODVNKIIUS. 


203 


%.  Form  quite  slender,  a  little  depressed  as  with  the  Ancislro- 
cerus  tUjris.  Thorax  slightly  prolonged,  wide  before,  retracted 
behind.  Post-scutel  very  freely  truncate,  offering  a  rr//  sharp, 
finely  crenulate  ridge.  Metathora.\  verti».'il ;  its  truncation  quite 
flat,  wide,  occupying  all  its  width,  forming  a  plate  of  a  very 
angulato  shape,  as  with  the  Ancislrocerus,  notched  at  the 
summit  by  the  post-scutel  (in  the  form  of  a  double  pentagon  or  a 
double  trapezium);  this  plate,  surrounded  by  small,  straight,  _ 
little  salient  ridges,  which  at  their  meeting  form  very  sharp  angles, 
forming  thus  ou  each  side  an  angle  armed  with  a  tooth ;  their 
superior  angles  formmg  two  teeth,  wholly  spiniform,  directed 
vertically  and  placed  behind  the  angles  of  the  post-scutel.  Abdo- 
men slender;  the  first  segment  quite  long  and  as  wide  as  the  2d, 
distinctly  truncate  at  its  ba^e  and  offering  on  its  anterior  face  a 
trace  of  a  suture.  Head  and  thorax  rugosely,  abdomen  finely 
punctured ;  the  border  of  2d  segment  more  strongly  punctured, 
offering,  however,  but  one  depressed  band,  only  becoming  thinner 
as  far  as  the  end.    Following  segment  rather  strongly  punctured. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  tawny  or  grayish  pile ;  a  dot  on 
the  front,  another  behind  each  eye,  anterior  border  of  prothorax, 
tegulffi,  a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  posterior  border  of  the  scutel, 
post-scutel,  and  the  four  little  spiniform  teeth  of  the  metathorax, 
orange;  segments  1-4  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with  orange; 
bordering  of  the  first  wide  and  notched ;  that  of  2d  wide  and 
regular;  that  of  3d  and  4th  narrow,  often  shortened  at  the  sides. 
Legs  yellow,  black  at  base.    AVings  washed  with  ferruginous. 

%.  Clypeus  ovoid,  notably  wider  than  long,  a  little  notched 
and  bidentate,  yellow.  Mandibles  spotted  with  yellow.  On  each 
side  of  the  frontal  spot  a  place  of  golden  hair.  Antennaj  long 
and  thick,  black,  with  a  terminal  ferruginous  hook ;  scape  very 
short,  yellow  beneath.  Fifth  segment  ornamented  with  a  yellow 
incomplete  border.     Legs  yellow;  thighs  varied  with  brown. 

9.  Unknown. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — This  species  described  simply  from  one  male,  is 
necessarily  incompletely  characterized,  but  it  is  very  easy  to 
recognize,  from  the  form  of  the  metathorax,  of  which  the  poly- 
gonal and  flattened  plate  recalls  those  of  the  true  Ancistrocerus, 
but  with  this  difference,  that  it  is  still  more  angular,  the  latero- 
superior  ridges  not  being  arcuate.  Despite  the  vestige  of  a 
suture  of  the  first  segment,  this  Odynerus  incontestably  appertains 


I 


2C4 


IIYMENOPTEBA   OP   AMERICA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


to  the  true  Odynorus,  considering  the  form  of  the  Itateral  angles 
of  the  nietathorax  and  the  presence  of  the  post-sciitellar  teeth. 
It  resernhles  them  more  in  the  strongly  punctured  border  of  the 
2d  and  following  segments. 

This  species  has  the  thorax  bailt  up  upon  another  system  from 
the  O.  Boscii  and.  its  neighbors;  it  is  less  excavated;  the  superior 
ridges  are  more  convergent  and  the  teeth  which  terminate  them 
at  tiie  summit  are  spiniform  and  almost  applied  to  the  post-scutel. 

Compare  with  the  0.  apinifer,  which  presents  similar  characters 
(Divis.  aienodijnerits). 

Hub.  California  (Berton). 


**  The  superior  edges  of  metnthnrax  vrry  slight,  only  forming  behind  the  post-scutel 

two  very  small  teeth, 

88.  O.  Cordovas  SAnss. — Niger,  sericens ;  ■capite  et  thorace  rugose 
piinctatis ;  post-soutello  crenulato  ;  inetanoto  utrinque  obtuse  subangu- 
lato,  fnveola  subplaiiata,  Ruperiie  acutiusuule  marginata ;  abdoinine 
ovato-conico,  segiueiitorum  2-5  margine  crassiuscule  pnnotato ;  clypeo 
Buumo,  Rcapo  subtus,  capitis  et  pleurarum  niaculis,  pronoti  margini- 
bus,  tegnlis,  puuctis  2  scutelli;  post-scutello,  luetanoti  angulis,  abdo- 
minis segiuentorum  2-5  margine,  primi  utrinque  macula,  auo,  tibiis 
tarsisque,  flavis  ;  alis  subferrugineis  apice  griseis.     9- 

Odyn.  Cordovw  Sapss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXU,  1870,  58  10,  9 . 

Total  length,  10  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  and  roughly  punctate.  Forehead 
a  little  sulcate.  Prothorax  having  its  anterior  margin  convex, 
reflexed,  subangulate;  post-scutel  crenulate.  Metathorax  very 
coarsely  punctured  above,  rather  flattened  behind ;  its  convexity 
not  deep,  strigose,  not  margined,  except  superiorly,  where  there 
exists  a  little  oblique  ridge,  produced  by  the  rugosities,  forming 
a  little  tooth  behind  the  post-scutel ;  this  is  separated  from  the 
post-scutel  by  a  sort  of  fissure.  Lateral  angles  of  metathorax 
distinct,  but  blunt.  Abdomen  ovate-conical,  truncate  at  base, 
smooth  and  sericeous.  Second  segment  very  finely  punctured ; 
its  margin  and  the  following  segments  strongly  punctured. 

Black;  mandibles  rufous;  scape  beneath,  frontal,  ocular,  and 
post-ocular  macula,  yellow.  Anterior  and  posterior  margins  of 
prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  tegulfe,  two  spots  on  the  scutel, 
post-scutel,  and  angles  of  metathorax  yellow ;  segments  2-5  of 
the  abdomen  regularly  and  rather  widely  margined  with  yellow ; 


ODYNERUS. 


205 


the  first  liavirif?  on  each  side  a  hiteral  emarginnto  yellow  spot. 
Anus,  knees,  tiljiie,  and  tarsi,  and  a  spot  on  the  interinediato 
coxuB,  yellow.  The  yellow  ornaments  rather  oningc-yellow. 
Wings  ferruginous  at  the  base,  smoky  at  the  extremity. 

Var.?  The  first  al)doniinal  segment  narrowly  margined. 

9 .  Clypeus  broad,  a  little  bidcntate  at  tip,  strigalc  punetate, 
black,  with  a  yellow  arc  on  the  summit,  and  two  rufous  lines 
over  the  teeth. 

liens,  a.  diff. — Resembles  0.  nasidens,  diabolicus,  arfjcntinua, 
and  neighbors,  but  the  abdomen  is  not  so  conical,  the  lirst  seg- 
ment not  80  broad,  the  body  not  velutinous  as  in  the  first,  the 
metathorax  not  apined  as  in  diabolicus,  the  thorax  not  so  square, 
short,  and  w'  e  as  in  argenlinus,  the  head  concave  behind,  the 
prothorax  rather  convex  anteriorly.  It  has  also  something  of 
the  hook  of  0.  La  Flalse,  but  the  metathorax  is  not  so  margined 
superiorly  by  arched  ridges.  In  its  livery  it  differs  front  all  of 
these.  This  recalls  more  0.  zonatus,  which  differs  from  it  in  the 
same  characters  as  0.  La  Platse,  etc. — Comp.  0.  forinosus. 

Bab.  Mexico.     The  Cordillera  of  Cordova  (1  9,  Sumichrast). 


B.  Metathorax  as  in  Section  A,  but  the  superior  edges  of  its 
hinder  jtlate  not  so  much  elevated,  no  lunger  forming,  in  the 
females,  distinct  teeth  behind  the  post-scutel,  nor  even  eleva- 
tions separated  from  post-scutel  by  two  fissures.  Its  edges 
still  rather  distinct,  linear. 

a.  Metathorax  excavated;  edges  straight. 

89.  O.  Itlirbidi  Sahss.  (Fig.  15,  l!)a.)— Validiis,  valde  piinctatns ; 
post-.scutello  creiiulato,  metanoto  perrugoso,  utrinqiie  angulato,  margi- 
nibus  superis  rugosis,  caiithis  obliteratis,  vix  perspicuis;  abdoitiinis 
secundi  seginenti  margine  profuiide  canal iculato,  et  valde  rugoso. 
Caput  et  thorax  nigra;  ore,  clypeo,  orbitis  partitu,  inacnla  froiitali, 
antennarnm  articulis  1-4,  pronoto,  macula  8ul>alan,  scutellis,  tegiilis, 
metanoti  angulis  pedibusque,  ferrugineis ;  al)doinine  ferrugineo,  seg- 
tnentis  ochraceo-margiuatis;  primo  et  secundo  basi  incisure  iiigr^  ;  alia 
ferrugineis. 

%  .  Clypeo  polygonali,  truncate,  integro ;  frequenter  flavo. 

Odyn.  Iturbidi  Sacs8.  Rev.  Zool.  IX,  1857,  276,  %  . 

Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 

Size  and  form  of  0.  Boscii.     Head  and  thorax  cribrose  with 
coarse  punctures.     Post-scutel  strongly  crenulate.    Metathorax 


2GG 


UYMENUl'TEllA   OF  AM£UICA. 


[part  I. 


very  rugose,  its  posterior  face  concave  and  striate;  its  borders 
not  treiicliuiit  but  coarsely  punctured,  .ugose,  and  forming  on 
eucii  side  a  dentit'orni  angle  rather  tiian  a  tootli ;  its  superior 
ridges  hardly  indicated,  especially  upon  the  summit,  where  they 
describe  on  each  side  a  little  arc,  but  without  being  at  all  termi- 
nated by  a  pyramidal  point.  Abdomen  silky;  the  1st  segment 
bell-shaped,  not  being  abruptly  terminated  anteriorly,  but  rounded, 
HO  that  its  anterior  and  superior  faces  arc  not  se[)arated  by  u  ridge. 
Sc'ond  segment  short,  having  iti  border  very  strongly  canali- 
culate, a  littb  rcflexed  and  very  coarsely  punctured ;  the  canal 
rugose,  and  slightly  widened  angularly  in  the  middle.  Margin 
of  tho  following  segment  very  coarsely  punctured,  but  not  cana- 
liculate. 

Head  black.  Clypeus,  mouth,  and  border  of  tho  orbits,  ferru- 
ginous. Antonnaj  black,  with  the  first  three  articles  ferruginous. 
Uetwcen  their  insertion  a  ferruginous  triangle.  Thorax  black. 
Prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  tegulae,  scutelli,  angles  of 
metathorax,  and  legs,  ferruginous.  Abdomen  ferruginous ;  all  the 
segments  bordered  with  obscure  yellow;  the  1st  and  2d  having  a 
little  of  black  at  their  base;  this  colcr  profoundly  notched  with 
ferruginous,  and  forming  on  tho  2d  segment  a  triangle,  and  on 
the  1st  a  lengthened  spot  in  the  form  of  a  bottle,  or  variable. 
These  colors  are  in  fact  quite  variable ;  in  certain  specimens  one 
sees  some  yellow  appear  on  the  clypeus,  on  the  border  of  pro- 
thorax,  on  the  post-scutel,  and  on  the  tibia) ;  among  other  thing.s, 
the  abdominal  segments  hardly  offer  a  yellow  cloud.  Wing  i  fer- 
ruginous. 

% .  Clypeus  polygonal,  as  wide  as  long,  truncate,  not  biden- 
tate,  ferruginous.     Hook  of  the  antennoe  ferruginous. 

?Vai\  Tho  ferruginous  parts  of  a  palo  red.  Clypeus,  month, 
frontal  spot,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennoe,  yellow.  Ridges 
of  metathorax  a  little  less  effaced ;  tho  canal  of  the  border  of  2d 
segment  very  wide  and  shallow.  (Mesothorax  offering  two 
lateral  red  spots  a  little  before  the  teguloe.  Articles  2  and  3  of 
the  maxillary  palpi  slender.)    Cordova. 

The  maxillary  palpi  of  ilis  Odynerus  have  their  last  three 
articles  small,  but  not  small  enough  to  cause  it  to  be  placed  in 
the  genus  Rhynchium^  to  which  it  bears,  in  fact,  a  resembla  ce. 

Mess.  a.  diff. — It  is  very  near  to  the  0.  Guerreri  and  Bidalgi 


ODYNEUUS. 


S6T 


Mexican  var.  (Sco  tlio  description  of  these  species.)  lu  coiora 
it  wholly  reseiiiliies  the  AncislrureruH  lubervuliceps. 

It  litts  a  greater  rehition  in  form  to  the  0.  arvennin,  but  it  is  a 
little  lurgor,  aiul  it  ditlers  from  it  by  the  border  of  tlie  2(1  scgiueiit, 
which  is  not  only  depressed,  but  very  subennuiicuiute  ;  and  by 
the  elypeus  %  wliieli  is  entire,  uot  bidentutc,  but  rather  rounded 
on  its  anterior  border. 

Finally,  it  differs  from  the  O.  dorHnlis  %  by  its  wings,  which 
are  not  violet;  by  the  border  of  the  '2<l  segment,  which  is  not  as 
distinctly  rellexcd  us  in  th')  O.  dursaiis,  and  by  the  summit  of 
the  njetuthora.v,  which  does  not  offer  post-scutelhir  creuulato 
eminences.     The  palpi  arc  also  a  little- more  slender. 

IJab.  The  hot  parts  of  Me.vico.  I  have  taken  4  ^  of  this 
species  in  the  valley  of  Mextitlan,  and  the  var.  in  Cordova. 

90.  O.  bidens  Sauss.  (Fig.  14, 14rt.)— Valitins,  niger,  nitidiis  ;  meta- 
iioto  i>()istice  late  excavato,  acute  marginato,  bidentato  ;  elypeo  f  ^ 
apice  truncato,  haud  bidentato ;  abdomine  conioo,  sparse  piiiictato, 
niaiginesegmentoiuin  2'-5'  deiisius  punctato;  pionotiet  inetanoti  inacu- 
liii  2,  post-soutello  abdomiuisiiue  priiuo  segiuento  supene,  albidis  ;  alia 
fusco-cyaneis. 

^  .  Clypoo  albido,  pnncto  maiidibiilariira,  Bcapi  et  fron'.is,  maoulisqne  2 
traiisTei'sia  in  sucuudi  abdouiiiiid  tseguieuti  basi,  albidis  ;  pedibus  albido- 
variis. 
Oihjn.  Helens  Sadss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  58,  12. 

Total  length,  20  mm. ;  wing,  17  mm. 

9.  A  largo  species.  Clypeus  covered  with  separated  points; 
its  extremity  abruptly  truncate,  not  bidentate,  and  without 
dei)ression.  Head  large,  swelled  at  the  vertex,  shining,  and 
covered  with  separated  punctures.  Thorax  long,  square,  shin- 
ing, finely  punctured;  prothorax  hardly  reflexed,  not  angulute, 
slightly  retracted  before;  niesothorax  marked  with  four  grooves; 
post-scutel  bent,  transverse,  joining  in  the  truncation  of  the  nieta- 
thorax,  but  notcrenulato.  Metathorax  presenting  a  great  striate 
concavity,  which  occupies  the  whole  width,  bounded  by  very 
sharp  ridges,  which  are  separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  a  groove, 
and  form  on  each  side  a  dentiform  lateral  angle.  Abdomen  quite 
conical,  the  first  segment  wide,  truncate  before;  the  2d  quite  long; 
its  border  carrying  a  wide,  not  very  strong  band  of  punctures ; 
this  band  not  channelled,  but  flat,  as  if  planed ;  following  seg- 
ments punctured,  with  a  similar  baud. 


2G8 


IIYMENOl'TEUA   OF   AMKIUCA. 


[I'AUT  L 


Insect  of  a  sliitiini^  black,  clothed  with  a  Hue  grayinh  pile  ;  a 
spot  behind  each  eye,  two  greut  spots  on  the  prothorux,  two  on 
the  nu'tuthoi'ux,  post-scutel,  and  the  superior  luce  of  the  first 
abdominal  Hegnient,  of  u  wliitiHh  yellow  (the  band  of  the  fust  seg- 
ment often  notched  with  l)lack);   wings  of  u  deep  violet-brown. 

%.  Thorax  more  strongly  cribroso.  Clypeus  white,  wider  than 
long,  i)olygo!nil  ;  its  inferior  border  str  Jght  truncate,  not  biden- 
tate,  fniely  bordered  with  black,  a  spot  on  each  mandible,  a  mark 
on  the  front,  another  on  the  scape  of  each  antenna,  a  dot  under 
the  wing,  whitish.  Antennto  terminated  by  a  brown  book,  a  little 
rolled  at  the  end.  Second  abdominal  segment  adorned  on  eiich 
side  near  its  base  with  a  transverse  whitish  spot.  Haunches, 
tibite,  and  knees  spotted  with  white.  First  abdominal  segment 
wholly  white  above. 

Eess.  a.  ilij)'. — This  Odynerus  astonishingly  resembles  the 
Monohia  quadfidf.iis,  and  it  is  rare  to  find  two  as  distinct  species 
which  offer  so  close  a  likeness.  The  O.  bidcns  differs  from  the 
3lonobin  quadrulrns,  l)y  its  maxillary  palpi  composed  of  six 
articles,'  and  its  lal)ial  palpi  of  four  distinct  articles;  the  fourth 
being  articulate ;  by  its  clypeus,  which  is  nbruptlij  truncate  in 
both  sexes,  and  neither  a  little  notched  nor  bidentato,  and  which 
is  not  excavated  at  the  extremity  with  the  female ;  by  the  pos-t- 
scutel,  more  truncate,  not  bimammelonato,  and  by  the  very  dis- 
tinctly punctured  flat  band  of  the  2d  segment;  by  the  white  spots 
of  the  metathorax  (a  character  probably  of  little  stability). 

The  0.  i'Sectus  has  a  livery  similar  to  the  0.  bidens,  but  it 
possesses  neither  the  metathoracic  teeth,  nor  the  sharp  lateral 
ridges. 

Ilab.  The  southern  United  States.  1  9  from  Florida  (E. 
Norton);  a  %  from  Tennessee  (E.  Falconet,  Freudenreich). 

Observation. — As  this  description  is  based  solely  on  one  indi- 
vidual of  each  sex,  it  may  not  apply  to  all  specimens  brought  from 
localities  distant  from  each  other.  It  is  probable  that  the  male 
does  not  always  offer  the  very  singular  lateral  spots  of  the  2d 
segment. 

6.  Metathorax  more  flattened;  the  superior  edges  roughened,  not  acute, 

91.    O.   AlTaradi   Sauss. — Niger,   velntinns,   confertim   pnnctatus ; 
abdomii  a  conico,  aureo-seiiceo,  marginibus  crassH  punctatis  ;  luetanoti 

•  The  maxillary  palpi  have  here  the  ordinary  form  which  tliey  asHiime 
among  the  Odyneri ;  the  articles  2,  3  are  not  slender ;  the  6th  is  lengthened. 


0DYNEIIU8. 


2(i9 


but  it 
lateral 


niar:;ini))nfl  helmtntis  «t  suprn  tenuiter  prominnlis,  a  poAt-ncutello  p«r 
(•niiui'Kinationein  HttjinictiM  ;  uapitiH  maculiH,  linu.i  in  t^uapo,  proiioti  mar- 
ginu  poKtico,  po8t-8cutello,  teguli»,  macula  pnualari  tit  punt-to  utriii«iue 
nictihiioti  HUtniui,  iuargine<iuu  regulari  Heguieuturuiu  oimiium  abiloiuiiiis, 
fulvKOohraueia;  tibiio  et  tarnis  fHrrugiueis  ;  alirt  ferrugiiiiM- ;  ^  ulypuo 
liU«  pirifortui,  nigro  vel  supurue  fanuia  fulva;  ^  lato  truuuati>,  bideututo, 
fiilvo-tlavtisutiuto. 

Oilyn.  Alvarado  Sadsh.  Rer.  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  276. 

9.  Total  lungtii,  14  luin. ;  wing,  11  mm. 
%.  Total  lungtb,  11  miu. ;  wing,  8.0  luiu. 

Size  moderate.  Clypcus  9  witlo,  tcriuiiiated  by  a  little  triincato 
or  bitubcrculute  point;  cribruse  with  strong  punctures.  Ilt-ad 
and  thorax  rugosely  punctured,  roHt-scutel  very  hhort,  truncate, 
crenulate.  Aletathorax  very  rugo.so  above ;  the  .«triiu  specially 
distinct  in  the  inferior  moiety,  the  superior  moiety  being  lucire 
smooth  and  punctured ;  the  inferior  moiety  forming  a  fossette, 
separate  and  slightly  margined  superiorly.  Lateral  border  of 
the  concavity  rounded,  not  at  all  trenchant,  the  latero-superior 
parts  coarsely  punctured,  rugose ;  nevertheless  one  sees  on  ouch 
side  a  little  spiniforni  angle  directed  laterally  and  on  tliu  summit 
a  trace  of  an  arcuate  ridge,  placed  a  little  within,  especially  among 
the  males ;  superior  angles  %  forming  two  salients,  rugose  and 
blunted,  separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  a  notch.  Abdomen 
conical,  like  satin,  with  golden  reflections,  having  the  border  of 
all  the  segments,  save  the  first,  quite  strongly  punctured;  but  tho 
punctured  band  of  the  second  quite  wide  and  slightly  in»[)ressed. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  tawny  hair.  Two  spots  on  the 
summit  of  the  clypcus,  another  behind  each  eye,  a  dot  on  the 
front,  and  a  line  under  the  scape  of  the  antenna;,  tawny.  The 
summit  of  the  elypeus  is  often  entirely  of  this  color,  as  well  as 
the  inner  border  of  the  orbits.  Posterior  margin  of  tiie  prothornx, 
wing  scales,  a  dot  before  the  wing,  post-scutel,  and  a  dot  on  oarh 
side,  on  the  summit  of  the  metathorax,  ferruginous  or  tawny. 
All  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  regularly  bordered  with  yellow- 
tawny  ;  the  first  more  narrowly  than  the  second.  Legs  black ; 
tibise  and  tarsi  ferruginous.  Wings  washed  with  ferruginous,  a 
little  grayish  at  the  end. 

%.  Clypeus  as  long  as  wide;  its  inferior  margin  widely  trun- 
cate and  armed  with  two  little  teeth  separated  by  a  wide  straight 
border,  in  the  middle  of  which  is  often  a  third  indistinct  salient. 


1 

i 

2T0 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Clypeus,  a  line  on  the  mandibles,  lind  the  line  on  the  scape  of 
the  antennae,  of  a  pale  tawny. 

Var.  No  spots  on  the  front  nor  on  the  metathorax. 

Bess.  a.  dijf. — This  Odynerus  is  easily  recognized  by  its  livery 
and  its  velvoty  aspect. 

It  differs  from  the  0.  Ouerreri  by  its  conical  abdomen  and  by 
the  superior  salients  of  the  metathorax ;  from  the  O.foraminatvs, 
by  its  metathoracic  concavity,  not  nearly  so  well  limited,  and  by 
the  salients  of  the  superior  angles,  which  are  not  sharp,  but  rugose, 
obtuse,  and  separated  from  the  post-scutel,  not  by  a  little  fissure, 
but  by  a  wide  notch.  By  its  livery  it  recalls  the  0.  otomitus, 
which  is  near  to  it,  but  differs  in  its  conical,  sessile  abdomen, 
having  the  first  segment  wide  and  truncate,  in  its  great  size,  etc. 

Ilab.  The  hot  and  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  (I  caught  4  % , 
2  9  in  the  valley  of  Mexlitlan.) 

C.  Hinder  plate  of  metathorax  no  longer  margined  superiorly 
by  sharp  edges;  the  superior  edges  blunted  and  effaced  by 
the  rugosities  of  the  latero-superior  faces,  which  continue 
over  the  edges  down  on  to  the  posterior  face,  and  lose  thenx' 
selves  in  its  concavity,  instead  of  being  separated  from  the 
hinder  face  by  the  sharp  edges.  (Lateral  angles  still 
existing.) 

92.  O.  arvenais  SAnss.  (Fig.  16, 16a.)— Medius,  niger,  grosse  punc- 
tati';:;  O.  dorsali  simillimus  at  minor;  ore,  macula  frontali  et  post- 
oculari  scapoque  subtus,  rufls  vel  flavis ;  proiioti  margine,  post-sciitello, 
maculis  2  metanoti  abdomiiiisqhe  segmentis  10-3°  vel  10-40  flavo- 
limbatis,  20-40  crassissime  punctatia  ;  primi  margine  utrinque  auotoet 
riifo-vario,  pedibua  flavis,  basi  nigris,  alis  fumosis. 

9 .  Clypeo  valde  latiore  quam  longiore,  truncato,  grosse  punctato,  nigro 
vel  rufo  ;  superne  fascia  flava. 

%  .  Clypeo  polygonal!  paulo  latiore  quam  longiore,  flavo,  truncato,  apioe 
dentulis  2  distantibns  instructo. 

Odyn.  arvensis  Saoss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXI,  1869. 

9.  Total  length,  14,  12  mm. ;  wing,  11,  5-9  mm. 
% .  Total  length,  12,  5-9  mm. ;  wing,  9-7  mm. 

9.  Form  rather  near  to  that  of  0.  Bnscii,  ^ut  smaller.  The 
abdomen  a  little  more  conical ;  the  2d  segment  shorter  and 
more  coarsely  punctured;   its  inferior  border  a  little  lamellate 


I      i^l^V^^ 


P 


0DYNEUU8. 


271 


and  truncate,  but  often  appearing  slightly  bidentate.  Thorax 
widened  before,  retracted  little  or  none.  Post-scutel  crcnulute, 
Metathorax  very  coarsely  rugose;  its  concavity  striate,  but 
cribrose  in  its  superior  moiety  from  the  punctures  which  continue 
with  those  of  the  superior  face ;  the  latero-superior  ridges  blunted, 
effaced;  on  each  side  a  dentiform  angle  at  the  meeting  of  the 
lateral  and  inferior  ridges.  First  abdominal  segment  silky, 
smooth,  truncate,  and  a  little  rounded  at  the  base ;  the  2d  short, 
densely  punctured;  its  posterior  border  offering  a  wide  depressed 
zone,  widened  in  the  middle,  very  coarsely  cribro.;e,  as  well  as 
the  following  segments ;  at  times  n  little  channelled,  but  the 
border  not  turned  up. 

Insect  black.  Mouth  red,  with  a  yellow  spot  at  the  base  of 
the  mandibles;  superior  moiety  of  the  clypeus  yellow  or  red; 
inner  border  of  orbits  and  a  spot  behind  each  eye,  red  or  yellow; 
scape  of  the  antennas  red,  with  a  black  line  above;  a  spot  on  the 
front,  yellow  or  red.  Anterior  border  of  prothorax  yellow,  often 
followed  with  red;  tegulae  yellow  or  red,  post-scutel  and  a  spot 
on  each  side  of  metathorax  above,  yellow ;  segments  1-4  of  the 
abdomen  regularly  bordered  with  yellow  ;  the  first  having  its 
border  on  each  side  widened  or  confounded  with  a  spot  or  oblique 
band,  yellow  surrounded  with  red,  which  leave  above  a  black 
trilobed  or  square  notch ;  often  of  red  on  each  side  or  bordered 
with  yellow.  Legs  yellow,  black  at  the  base.  Wings  smoky  or 
ft  little  reddened  with  a  light  violet  reflection. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  red,  with  a  yellow  band  on  the  summit. 

b.  No  red  on  1st  abdominal  segment. 

c.  Two  yellow  or  red  dots  on  the  scutellum  (Tennessee). 

d.  Prothorax  red,  bordered  with  yellow  (Missouri). 

The  crest  of  the  post-scutel  varies  ;  sometimes  finely  crenulate 
and  continuous,  sometimes  dentate  and  notched  in  the  middle. 

%.  A  little  smaller.  Clypeus  polygonal,  yellow,  wider  than 
long,  truncate  on  its  anterior  border,  offering  a  very  small  tooth 
on  each  extremity  of  this  border;  its  apical  margin  a  little  pro- 
longed, so  that  the  polygon  is  not  regular,  the  inferior  borders 
forming  thus  a  larger  arc  than  the  superior;  hook  of  the  antennae 
black  or  ferruginous;  mandibles  and  ornaments  of  the  head  yel- 
low or  orange ;  a  red  dot  on  the  flanks  before  the  teguhe  ;  often 
the  posterior  border  of  the  prothorax  red  and  a  little  of  red  about 
the  scutels;    latero-superior  borders  of   the  concavity  of  the 


IIYMENOPTERV   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


motathorax  very  rugose,  coarsely  cribrose.  Fifth  segment  often 
bordered  with  yellow.  With  the  male  especially,  the  fossette  of 
the  nietathorax  does  not  reach  the  lateral  borders,  but  is  sepa- 
rated from  them  on  each  side  by  a  band  hunched  and  cribrose  with 
great  i)it8 ;  the  superior  ridges  are  often  quite  well  defined. 

In  this  species  the  yellow  is  clear ;  often  almost  orange. 
The  red,  the  black,  and  the  yellow  are  susceptible  of  changing 
places  in  the  varieties. 

liess.  a.  diff. — This  species  greatly  recalls  the  0.  dorsalis  and 
differs  from  it  by  its  clypeus  9  much  wider  than  long  and  more 
grossly  punctured ;  by  the  clypeus  %  wider  than  long,  not  pro- 
longed at  its  anterior  extremity,  and  finely  bidentate ;  by  its 
smaller  size  ;  by  its  less  obscure  wings ;  by  its  metathprax  less 
widely  concave,  becoming  rounded  and  convex  on  the  sides  of 
the  posterior  plate,  while,  as  with  the  0.  dorsalis,  the  concavity 
occupies  the  whole  width ;  the  %  differs  by  the  absence  of  pyra- 
midal post-scutellar  eminences  formed  by  the  superior  termination 
of  the  ridges  of  the  nietathorax,  and  which  exist  in  the  dorsalis 
%.  It  has  greater  relationship  to  the  0.  Boscii  and  Hidalgi.  It 
differs  from  this  last  by  its  blunted  metathoracic  borders,  without 
salient  ridges ;  by  the  border  of  segments  2d,  3d,  which  is  im- 
pressed, rugose,  but  not  turned  up;  from  the  first  by  the  scutellum 
without  spots ;  by  the  shorter  2d  segment ;  the  3d  and  4th  more 
coarsely  punctured  ;  the  4th  and  5th  without  any  yellow  border. 

Hab.  The  United  States,  particularly  the  south.  I  possess 
some  individuals  from  Tennessee,  some  also  from  Kansas,  from 
Illinois  (Keunicott),  and  from  New  York  (E.  Norton),  '79,10^. 


93.  0«  annectens  Sacss. — Validus,  niger,  fulvo-pilosus,  clypeo  piri- 
formi  flavo  4  maculate,  apice eniaiginato ;  oibitis  partim,  pronoti  margine 
antico,  tegulis,  punctis  2  scutelli,  2  metanoti,  tibiis  et  tarsis,  flavis  ; 
abdominis  segmentis,  lOsiipenie  flavo,  nigro-emarginato,  2',  3'  margine, 
crassissime  punctato,  anguste  flavo-limbato  ;  alls  nigro-violac«iis.    9  • 

Odyn.  annectens  Sacss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  59,  14,  9 . 

Total  leugth,  17  mm. ;  wing,  15  mm. 

The  following  description  applies  to  an  insect  which  seems  to 
indicate  a  species  different  from  0.  dorsalis,  but  is  certainly  very 
embarrassing  by  its  similarity. 

9 .  Size  and  form  of  0.  dorsalis ;  the  same  sculpture,  but  not 
quite  so  rough.     Clypeus  pyriform,  more  prolonged  than  in  0. 


0DYNERU8. 


273 


dorsalis;  its  apical  margin  emarginate,  concave.  Metathorax 
perliaps  a  little  more  depressed,  without  any  superior  ridges ;  its 
lateral  angles  very  pronounced',  compressed  horizontally.  First 
abdominal  segment  shorter  than  in  0.  dorsalis;  the  second  rather 
velutinous,  scarcely  punctate,  its  margin  more  coarsely  punctate 
(the  punctures  being  rather  boles),  but  not  so-  evidently  canali- 
culate as  in  0.  dorsaLs. 

Insect  black,  with  fulvous,  velvety  hair.  Apey  of  mandibles 
and  base  of  scape  beneath,  ferruginous.  A  spot  on  base  of  the 
mandibles,  an  ovate  mark  on  both  sides  of  the  clypeus,  and  two 
others  near  the  apex,  inner  orbits  of  tl^e  oyes  and  a  linj  behind 
them,  two  triangular  maculae,  forming  the  anterior  border  of 
prothorax,  tegulae  except  their  base,  two  spots  on  scutellum  and 
two  on  mesothorax,  yellow;  1st  abdominal  segment  yellow  above 
with  a  trilobate  black  emargination;  a  narrow  border  of  segments 
2d,  3d  of  the  same,  yellow.  Knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi,  yellow. 
Wings  dark  fusco-violaccous.  The  mandibles  and  palpi  are 
formed  as  in  0.  dorsalis. 

Hah.  United  States  (Florida,  1  9,  E.  Norton). 


rom 


ivis  ; 
ine, 


to 
rery 


not 
0. 


94.  O.  aniiulatlis  Say. — 0.  arvensi  afflnis,  9  gracilior,  %  capite 
majore,  valde  puuctatus,  secuudo  abdominis  segniento  dense  punctato, 
margine  impresso,  ciasse  punctato.  Niger  vel  ferrugineus,  mesonoto  et 
abdominis  segmentis  3-6  nigris  ;  tegulis,  pedibusque  rufis  ;  prouoti  ot 
abdominis  segmentorum  margine,  post-scutello  metanoti  marginilius, 
subfureis;  primo  abd.  segmenlo  utrinque  rufo  et  flavo  ornato ;  alls 
nebulosis.  —  9*  Scapo,  clypeo,  frontis  maculis.  rufis. —  VarUu  clypei 
fascia  nigra,  macula  subalari  maculisque  2  seoundi  segmenti,  rufis  vei 
flavis. — ~'%  .  Cliypeo  polygonal i ;  fronte,  scutellis,  macula  subalari  flavis. 

Odyn.  annulatus  Sat,  Long's  Sec.  Exp.  Append.  29  (II,  348). — Say's 
Ent.  (Le  Conte),  I,  235. — Sacss.  Et.  Vesp.  I,  232. — Cresson,  Amer. 
Ent.  Trans.  I,  1867,  380,  21. 

Rhynchiwn  annulatum  Say,  Bost.  Journ.  1, 1837,  351,  4. — Say's  Ent.  (Le 
Conte),  II,  765,  3.— Saoss.  Et.  Vesp.  Ill,  184. 

Odyn.  Bairdi  Sauss.  Revue  Zool.  X,  1858,  % . 

5.  Total  length,  15  mm. ;  wing,  12  mm. 
%  .  Total  lenglh,  10  mm. ;  wiug,  8  mm. 

9.  Rather  slender,  densely  and  coarsely  punctate.     Clypeus 
broadly  pyriform,  strigate  punctate,  terminating  in  two  approxi- 
mate little  teeth,  separated  by  a  small  lamellar  edge.     Thorax 
subelongate.     Post-scutel  truncate,   very   tenuously  crenulate. 
18 


/ 


/  an,  'V«H 


A/ 


e^J 


274 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Metathorax  vertically  truiioatc  ;  concp.ve,  but  its  margins  not 
ridged,  the  edges  being  quite  blunted  by  the  dense  punctuation. 
Abdomen  subconical,  rather  slender.  The  first  segment  smooth 
and  silky  ;  the  second  very  short,  densely  punctate  everywhere, 
but  its  posterior  margin  having  a  broad  excavated  band  of  very 
coarse  punctures ;  segments  3-4  very  coarsely  punctured. 

Black;  mandibles,  clypeus,  scape  of  the  antenntB,  a  frontal 
mark,  and  a  large  spot  behind  the  eyes,  rufous.  Clypeus  often 
with  a  transverse  black  line  or  with  three  black  spots  in  a  trans- 
verse line.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax  broadly,  the  posterior 
narrowly  rufous,  or  partly  sulphur-yellow ;  tegulse  yellow  and 
rufous,  often  a  yellow  spot  under  the  wing;  post-scutel  yellow  ; 
lateral  margins  of  metathorax  rufous  or  yellow.  Abdomen  having 
its  first  four  segments  margined  with  yellow ;  this  color  often  pre- 
ceded by  a  little  of  rufous.  First  segment  black  in  middle  ;  its 
sides  rufous,  with  a  yellow  spot  fused  with  the  yellow  band. 
Second  segment  often  adorned  with  two  separate  rufous  spots. 
Legs  ferruginous  ;  coxae  blackish.  "Wings  grayish  ferruginous, 
a  little  clouded  or  sometimes  even  with  violet  iridescence. 

Rufous  Variely. — Head  rufous,  except  the  vertex.  Prothorax 
and  feet  rufous.  Scutels  yellow,  or  rufous,  tinged  with  yellow; 
raesothorax  black,  with  a  rufous  spot;  metathorax  rufous,  marked 
with  yellow.  First  and  second  abdominal  segments  rufour., 
mai'gined  with  yellow;  the  second  with  two  yellow  niaculaj;  3-5 
segments  rufous,  margined  with  yellow;  6th  rufous.  Wings 
clouded  (Kansas,  New  Mexico). 

VariouH  Varieties. — This  is  quite  a  variable  species,  the  three 
colors  interchanging,  which  gives  numerous  combinations.  The 
scape  is  more  or  less  obscure  above.  The  spots  on  the  clypeus, 
und^r  the  wing,  on  the  second  segment,  are  often  wanting,  etc. 
The  yellow  ornaments  are  of  a  pale  sulphur-yellow. 

I  consider,  as  the  male  of  this  species,  specimens  from  Texas 
and  Louisiana,  which  last  constitutes  a  still  more  rufous  variety. 

%.  H^ad  large,  wider  than  high,  rufous,  with  black  vertex. 
Clypeus  broader  than  high,  regularly  octagonal ;  its  anterior 
margin  straight,  having  two  insensible,  distant  teeth  at  its 
extremity.  Mandibles,  clypeus,  a  triangle  on  the  forehead  and 
sinus  of  the  eyes,  a  line  on  the  scape,  bright  yellow;  hook  of 


ODYNER'JS, 


275 


the  antcMinoe  and  (liigrellum  beneath  rather  ferruginous ;  niaeuhe 
behind  the  eyes,  orangt^  Tliorax  sl\orter,  more  ciibieal.  Pro- 
thorax  rufous  margined  with  yellow  anteriorly.  Post-seutel  and 
angles  of  nietathorax  yellow.  First  abdominal  segment  rufous 
above,  surrounded  with  yellow;  the  mandible  often  blaek.  Second 
segment  having  its  margimd  impressed  ban  ^h  impressed  and 
broad ;  segments  1-5  uuirgined  with  yellow.  Coxte  and  feet 
adorned  with  yellow  (Louisiana), 

Texan  Varieiij. — Prothorax,  scutels,  metathorax,  feet,  segments 
1,  2  of  the  abdomen,  rufous.  Disk  of  mesothorax  rufous  on  each 
side.  Border  of  prothorax,  a  dot  under  the  wing,  two  spots  on 
the  tegula),  seutel,  post-scutol,  edges  of  segments  l-fi,  bright 
yellow ;  tlic  first  segment  having  on  each  side  a  yellow  spot 
smelted  with  the  marginal  fascia  (Texas). 

Mexican  Vayneh/?. — Smaller.    Length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  10.5  mm. 

9.  Black;  mandibles,  scape  of  the  antennte,  forehead  a.id  tlie 
parts  behind  the  eyes,  prothorax,  a  lateral  spot,  tegula?,  two 
macula;  on  disk  of  mesothorax,  seutel,  feet,  and  coxaj,  rufous. 
Post-seutel  yellow.  Angles  of  metathorax  rufous  and  yellow ; 
abdomen  rufous ;  fir.st  and  second  segment  with  a  black  portion 
in  the  middle  and  at  base;  all  the  segments  margined  with 
yellow ,  the  fir.st  band  fused  on  each  side  with  a  lateral  square 
yellow  spot,  and  the  2d  segment  liaving  on  each  side  a  yellow 
spot,  either  free  or  confounded  with  the  margin.  Anus  yellow. 
Wings  washed  with  fuscous,  with  a  golden,  rather  violet  reflec- 
tion; the  radius  ferruginous.  The  metathorax,  although  forniing 
two  lateral  angles,  is  not  toothed;  the  superior  part  of  its  poste- 
rior face  is  not  margined  on  each  side  by  an  oblique  ridge. 

Var.  Of  course  the  ferruginous  varies  into  yellow  and  vice 
versa,  and  the  black  is  more  or  less  developed. 

lietis.  a.  diff. — This  species  resembles  0.  arvensis,  but  it  is 
more  slender  9;  the  male  has  also  a  more  transverse,  very  regular 
polygonal  clypeus,  while  in  ortr/Lsu*  it  is  more  prolonged  at  its 
extremity;  in  the  female,  the  clypeus  is  on  the  contrary  narrower 
than  in  arvcnsis.  The  post-seutel  is  not  as  strongly  but  quite 
delicately  crenulate.  The  metathorax  is  not  so  sharp,  and  it  has 
altogether  another  appearance.  It  approaches  quite  closely  to 
pratensiH,  has  the  same  look,  but  differs:  by  its  2d  abd.  segment 
not  smooth,  but  densely  and  strongly  punctured  throughout;  by 


mm 


276 


HYMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


I 


i 


its  rather  bidentate  metathorax ;  by  its  clypcus  9  flattened,  not 
so  convex,  %  sliorter,  not  more  prolonged  below  than  above. 

In  the  Mejcican  variety,  the  form  is  much  as  iu  0.  Cordovas, 
but  it  is  larger;  the  elypeus  9  a  little  produced  at  its  apical  end; 
head  and  thorax  very  coarsely  shagreened  ;  the  second  segment 
of  the  abdomen  shorter,  its  margin  having  its  coarsely  punctured 
band  impressed  and  widened  in  the  middle. — This  var.  dill'ers 
from  0.  formoaus  by  its  larger  size,  its  clypeus  more  prolongeu 
at  tip,  metathorax  not  bidentate,  and  darker  wings;  from  (). 
Hidalgi  and  llurhidi  by  its  smaller  size  and  metathorax  not 
acutely  margined  superiorly. 

Hah.  The  prairies  from  Missouri  lo  Texas  and  New  Mexico. 
Mexican  Cordilleru  (the  "ariety)  5  ?,  2  ^. 

95>  O*  crypticus  Say. — Rufus  ;   abdomine  flavo-trifasciato ;  alis  in- 
fuse ati  a. 

Odyn.  cri/pticus  Say,  West.  Quarterly  Reporter,  II,  1,  1823,  80. — Say's 

Entoin.  (Lb  Conte),  I,  168. 
Rhjgchium  crypticum  Say,  Bost.  Jonrn.  I,  1837,  384,  3. — Say's  Entom. 

(Lb  Cokte),  705,  3 — Sacss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  184. 

Total  length,  5  lines. 

Body  rufous,  much  punctured;  vertex  and  origin  of  the 
antennae,  black ;  antenna?  dusky  at  tip ;  thorax  with  a  black  spot 
before  the  middle  ;  scutel  bilobate,  with  a  longitudinal,  deeply 
impressed  line  ;  metathorax  concave ;  wings  dusk}',  paler  at  tip; 
tergum  with  three  yellow  bands,  the  anterior  one  bmdlest  and 
subconcealed. 

Hab.  Arkansas. 

This  is  most  likely  a  pale  variety  of  0.  annulatus. 


96.  O.  sillfureus  Sauss.  (Fig.  18,  ISa.)— ?  0.  arvensi  simillimns,  at 
nietanato  minus  excavato ;  niger,  sulfureo-multipictus  ;  ore,  clypeo  et 
facie  sulfureis ;  oculis  flavo-,  snpra  rufo-marginatia  ;  antennis  fuscis, 
scape  rnto;  pronoto  flavo,  angulis  posticis  rufis  ;  scutello  flavo-bimacn- 
lato;  post-scutello,  tegulis  maculis  plenrarnm  et  metanoti  angulis, 
sulfureis,  abdomine  sulfureo,  segmentis  1°,  20  basi  et  in  medio  nigro- 
signatis ;  pedibus  ferrugineo  et  sulfureo  pictis ;  alis  ferrugineo-griseis.   J . 

Odyn.  sul/ureus  Sadss.  Revue  de  Zool.  X,  1858,  170,  J. 
Total  length,  12  ram. ;  wing,  9  mm. 


ODYNEIIUS. 


277 


Thorax  much  shagrcencd  ;  post-scutcl  finely  crenulate.  Motu- 
thorax  forming  two  lateral  a.igles,  its  excavation  only  occupying 
the  nnddle,  rounded,  strigose ;  the  rest  shagreened,  strongly 
punctured,  rounded,  without  sharp  edges.  Abdomen  conical, 
scarcely  contracted  at  base,  truncate  anteriorly,  but  without  a 
sharp  ridge,  rounded  at  base.  Second  segment  densely  punc- 
tured; its  margin  having  a  wide  impressed  band,  cribrose  with 
coarse  punctures  ;  the  following  segments  similarly  cribrose. 

Black:  mandibles,  clypeus,  forehead,  and  orbits,  sulphur-yel- 
low; the  upper  part  of  orbits  black  or  brown-rufous ;  frontal  sulci 
black.  AntennsB  l)lackish;  the  first  segment  yellowish  or  rufous 
ob.scure  above.  Prono'-um  widely  marginate  with  yellow  ;  its 
posterior  angles  rufous  or  black;  a  spot  and  various  marks  under 
the  wing,  tegulae,  two  spots  on  the  scutel  and  sides  of  metathorax, 
yellow.  Abdomen  almost  wholly  sulphur-yellow ;  the  base  of 
first  Rogment  black  or  brown  on  its  anterior  face,  with  a  black 
pyriform  notch  on  the  superior  face ;  the  2d  having  at  its  base  a 
black  M)acula,  constricted  in  the  middle  ;  the  following  segments 
twice  notched  with  black  or  brown.  The  coarse  punctures  of  the 
margins  having  their  ground-color  brown.  Anus  ferruginous  or 
yellow.  Feet  yellow  and  ferruginous.  Wings  tinged  with  ferru- 
ginous, cloudy  at  the  apex.  —  9.  Clypeus  broad,  pyriform,  wider 
than  long,  its  apex  a  little  produced,  truncate,  biangulate. 

Var.  The  black  part  of  the  body  brown  or  rufous. 

Probable  Variety. — The  yellow  ornaments  not  so  much  ox- 
tended;  segments  1,  2  black,  with  a  wide  sulphur  margin,  widened 
on  the  sides ;  the  2d  with  two  lateral  triangular  maculae,  as  in 
0.  blandus. 

Renn.  a.  diff. — It  has  quite  the  form  of  0.  arvensis ;  the  meta- 
thorax is  a  little  more  flattened,  principally  on  the  sides  of  the 
excavation,  which  is  a  little  narrower.  It  differs  from  0.  cingu- 
latus  in  its  livery ;  these  species  are  much  the  same  in  their  forms. 
— It  differs  from  0.  prafevsis  by  its  biangulate  metathorax.  la 
the  livery  it  resembles  0.  blandus,  but  is  very  distinct  by  its  nut 
angulate  metathorax,  its  not  crenulate  post-scutel,  its  smaller  and 
strongly  punctured  first  abdominal  segment,  its  narrower  clypeus 
and  its  small  size. 

Hab.  California  (9  Berton). 


278 


IIYMENOPTEKA   OF   AMKKICA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


BY^  O*  foi'lliu^tis  i;Al;^ii<. — 0,  Curdovw  conforiuia,  at  mutatlioiaut)  <li.s- 
tinutti  biileiitutu ;  ubduiuiuu  iiiagi.i  couiuo ;  uigur,  niuudibulid,  ulypeo, 
scapo,  capitis  uinuulirt,  fulvis ;  pronnto,  tegiilis,  macula  Buhalnri,  mnculis 
2  scutulli,  post-so II tello,  nietanoti  aiiitiiliH,  alxiotiiinis  sfginentornm 
iiiai'giiiibuH  (pritiii  l:inbo  utriii<ino  cum  fascia  o)i)iqiia  conjunuta),  pedi- 
busque,  flaviy  v«l  a'lrantio-variis;  alia  subfenugineis  aniue  grisuis. 

Odyn.  fortaosus  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  5!),  15,  J. 

Total  length,  10  rim. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Size  and  form  nearly  as  in  0.  Cordovse,  but  tlio  metatliorax 
has  its  angles  on  each  side  produced  into  a  distinct  tootli ;  the 
cavity  not  at  all  limited,  not  nnirfrined  fiuperiorly  on  each  side 
by  a  little  ol»li(jiie  ridge;  the  abdomen  quite  conical,  the  first 
segment  as  broad  as  the  second,  and  mort;  sharply  truncate  at 
))aso  ;  the  punctured  marginal  band  of  the  2d  segment  decidedly 
impressed,  a  little  widened  in  the  middle. 

Black  ;  mandibles  and  feet  rufous  or  ovangc.  ri3'pen.s,  frontalj 
ocular  and  post-ocular  niaculaj,  yellow  or  rufous.  Antennaj 
lihick  ;  scape  yellow,  a  little  obscure  above.  Prothora.x,  a  .spot 
under  the  wing,  tcgula;,  two  spo<^j  on  the  scntel,  post-scutel, 
angles  of  metathorax,  and  margin  of  all  the  abdominal  segments, 
yellow  or  rather  orange ;  the  fasciitJ  wide ;  that  of  the  first  seg- 
ment fusing  into  two  oblique  lateral  bands,  which  make  nearly 
an  anterior  interrupted  fascia,  sometimes  rufous.  Anus  rufous 
or  yellow.     AVings  rather  ferruginous  ;  the  apex  clouded. 

Var.  A, black  spot  on  the  posterior  angles  of  prothorax. — A 
yellow  fascia  on  scutel. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — This  does  not  seem  to  be  a  variety  of  0.  Gor- 
dovee.  It  has  the  same  lively  as  0.  Uoscii,  turpis,  molestus, 
but  a  quite  differently  shaped  metathorax;  it  is  also  smaller  and 
more  slender,  nearly  one-half  smaller  than  the  first.  It  resembles 
O.  sulfuretis,  but  its  livery  is  not  so  rich  nor  so  pale ;  the  clypeus 
is  not  so  much  produced,  the  size  smaller.  It  is  allied  closely 
also  to  0.  annulatus,  although  smaller  and  with  a  metathorax 
not  so  much  flattened  behind.  Comp.  also  0.  anniikdus  (^Nlexi- 
can  variety). 

JIab.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  Oriental  Cordillera  4 
9  (Sumichrast). 

98.  O.  spectabilis  SAn.ss. — Niger,  gracilis  ;  capite,  tliorace  abdomi- 
nisque  segiiientorum  2'-5'  margine  dense  punctatis ;  metanoto  rotun- 
dato,  utrinque  valde  augulato;  abdomine  subconico;  clypeo,  antennis 


OI)YNEKU8. 


279 


basi,  capitis  maeulis,  tlioiacis  utaigiiie  aiitico  late,  macula  sub.ilari, 
ti'gulis,  Hcuteliirt,  inetathonico  utriuqiio,  abdominis  sek^mentoiuni  mar- 
ginibus,  ano  pedibusciue,  lliivo-auniutiis,  fasoiii  1'  segmeiiti  utiimiiiB 
aucta  9. 

Odi/n.  spectabiUa  Siuas.  Revue  ile  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  00,  lli,  9. 

Total  luugth,  9  mm. ;  wings,  7  mm. 

Slondor,  Head  and  thorax  rather  coarsely  and  densely  sha- 
grcened.  Thora.v  squaro.  I'oat-seutel  erenulate,  ujetatliorax 
rather  flattened  behind,  fonnhig  on  eaeh  side  a  stronj?,  acuto 
angle  looking  outward,  which  makes  the  po.sterior  part  of  thorn x 
square,  the  middle  of  the  hinder  face  a  little  excavated,  rather 
rugose,  but  the  cavity  not  margined ;  the  rest  (juite  rugosely 
punctured,  reticulate.  Abdomen  nearly  conical,  smooth,  silky; 
the  2d  segment  finely  punctured,  but  its  margin  and  those  follow- 
ing strongly  punctured. 

Black.  Antenna)  l)Iack-ferruginous,  with  the  first  tliree  joints 
ferruginous  Mandibles  rufous.  Clypous,  a  frontal  triangle,  an 
ocular  and  post-ocular  large  macula,  ])rothorax  anteriorly,  spot 
under  the  wing,  legula),  scutel,  post-scutel,  angles  of  mesothorax 
and  margin  of  all  the  abdominal  segments,  yellow,  rather  orange  ; 
the  yellow  margin  of  1st  segment  fused  with  two  large,  lateral 
angular  yellow  macuhc ;  anus,  feet,  even  the  coxae,  orange-yellow. 
Wings  washed  with  ferruginous;  the  radial  cell  cloudy. 

9 .  Clypeus  wide,  rather  lozenge-shaped,  with  its  apex  truncate, 
biangulate. 

Var.  The  last  abdominal  segments  rufous. 

Ress.  a.  cliff. — Recalls  the  0.  hacuensia  by  it.s  appearance,  but 
is  very  distinct  by  iis  broad  clypeus  9,  its  erenulate  post-seutel, 
angulate  metathorax,  and  conical  abdomen,  etc.  From  0.  cnbensis 
and  allies  it  differs  by  its  more  slender  form  and  metathorax  with- 
out acute  superior  edges. — From  0.  formosus,  by  a  larger  size 
and  less  slender  form.  If  it  was  not  as  small  again,  it  would 
agree  perfectly  with  uio  description  of  0.  apicalis  Cress.  It 
may  be  a  small  variety  of  this  ? 

Hab.  Cuba  (1  9,  Dr.  Gundlach). 

99.  O,  apicalis  Cresson. — Niger ;  clypeo,  mandibnlifl,  fascia  frontali, 
aiitennis  basi,  pronoto,  tegulis,  macula  subalari,  soutellig,  metathoraoe 
utriuque ;   pedibiis  abdomiuisque  segmeutorum  1-3  margine,  ilavis  ; 


■^ 


280 


UYMENOl'TKRA   OF    AMElllCA. 


[PAUT  I. 


primo  segtnento  superne  flavo,  diaoo  nigro  i  Btigmuutia  4-G  ruQd ;  alia 
fuaco-hj'aliiiis. 

Odyn.  apicalia  Cre88on,  Phil:id.  Eut.  Proo.  IV,  18(J5,  161. 

9.  Totul  length,  C  lines  ;  expanse  of  wings,  10  lines. 
%  .  Total  length,  4.5  lines  ;  expanse  of  wings,  7.5  lines. 


9.  Opaquc-black.  Head  and  thorax  deeply  aud  closely  punc- 
tured, the  i'ormer  broader  than  tlio  thorax,  rather  short ;  a  broad 
transverse  band  on  the  front,  filling  up  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  and 
deeply  indicated  above  the  insertion  of  each  antenna ;  the  broad 
posterior  orbit  and  the  clypcus,  yellow,  sometimes  strongly  tinged 
with  ferruginous,  sometiujcs  yellowish  at  the  base;  clypeuB 
depressed,  rhomboidal,  the  extreme  tip  truncate.  Antennas 
black,  the  two  basal  joints  ferruginous.  Thorax:  prothorax  yel- 
low above,  tipped  with  dull  ferruginous  just  before  the  teguUc  ; 
pleura  somewhat  sericeous,  with  a  large,  rounded  yellow  spot 
beneath  the  tegulffi;  scutellum  with  two  largo,  quadrate,  yellowish 
marks,  rcarly  confluent ;  post-scutellum  yellowish  ;  metathorax 
finely  and  transversely  striated,  deeply  excavated  on  the  disk, 
with  a  large  yellowish  mark  on  each  side,  covering  the  lateral 
angles,  which  are  rather  prominent  and  obtuse ;  tegulaj  yellowish, 
with  a  ferruginous  dot  on  the  middle.  Abdomen  ovate,  basal 
segment  nearly  equal  in  width  to  the  second ;  remaining  segments 
gradually  tapering  to  the  tip,  and  more  deeply  and  densely  punc- 
tured than  the  basal  segments;  first  segments  rounded  at  base 
without  suture  or  carina,  the  apical  margin  confluent,  with  a 
large  angular  mark  on  each  lateral  margin,  yellowish;  apical 
margin  of  the  second  and  third  segments  (broader  on  the  second 
segment),  yellow;  that  on  the  third  somewhat  tinged  with  ferru- 
ginous; remaining  segments,  above  and  beneath,  dull  ferruginous; 
beneath,  the  apical  margins  of  the  second  and  third  segments  are 
narrowly  yellowish,  more  or  less  sinuate  on  each  side  anteriorly. 

Z.  Smaller,  the  markings  of  the  face  tinged  with  ferruginous; 
the  basal  joint  of  the  antennoe  yellow  within,  with  a  black  line 
above,  the  apic>al  joint  ferruginous  and  hooked  ;  the  yellow  of 
the  prothorax  not  continued  all  the  way  to  the  tegula;,  being 
interrupted  with  black ;  fourth  segment  of  abdomen  black,  with 
the  apical  margin  above  and  beneath,  "narrowly  yellowish ; 
remaining  segments  obscure  yellowish-ferruginous,  more  or  less 
dusky  at  base  ;  beneath,  the  second  segment  with  a  yellow  spot 


ODYNEHUS. 


281 


on  each  side  of  tho  uiiddle.  Legs  yellowish  ;  the  femora  except 
tips  beneuth,  the  tibiui  beneath,  and  most  uf  the  tui'Hi,  pale  ferru- 
ginous. Wings  subhyaline,  faintly  tinged  with  fuscous  ;  honey- 
yellow  along  the  costu,  with  the  marginal  cell  almost  entirely 
fuscous. 

J{e>i8.  a.  diff. — Allied  to  0.  cubemis,  by  its  livery,  but  llu;  faco 
is  much  broader,  and  tho  ba.sul  segment  of  the  abdomen  is 
difl'erently  marked,  rounded  anteriorly,  not  truncate,  with  a  sharp 
edge.     It  ditfers  also  by  its  hooked  antennie,  in  the  male. 

1  do  not  know  this  Odijnerux,  which  seems  most  closely  allied 
to  0.  spectabilis,  but  much  larger.     Compare  this  species. 

Uab.  Cuba  (AIus.  of  the  Am.  Eut.  8oc.,  Philadelphia). 


2.  Posterior  'plate  of  mclathorax  orbicular  or  more  or  less 
rounded,  not  forming  on  each  side  a  distinct  dentiform 
anrjle}  (Thorax  rather  attenuate  posteriorly,  abdomen 
conical  or  ovate-conical.) 

A.  Posterior  j)late  of  mctaihorax  still  margined  with  a  sharp 
edge,  salient  in  its  superior  part,  and  forming  on  each  side 
of  the  summit  a  tooth  or  elevation,  separated  from  the  post- 
scutel  by  a  fissure  (sometimes  very  small). 

a.  The  concavity  deep,  excavated,  tvith  salient  ridges.    Abdomen  conicid;  il$ 

base  sharply  truncate. 

lOO.  O*  tlirpis  Sauss. — Niger,  tlioraoe  crassissime  pnnotato ;  clypeo 
lato,  piriformi ;  nietanoto  attenuate,  extus  rugosissimo,  postice  in  fove- 
olam  ovalem  valde  exoavato,  Isevi,  hand  biangulato,  ned  cantliis  aicmUis 
acutis  marginato,  uonnuuquam  supra  paene  dentem  post-scutellarem 
efficientibud ;  abd.  2'  segmenti  m.irgino  panotato  sed  liaud  iinpresso  ; 
clypeo  Buinmo  maculis  2  vel  fascia,  orbitarum  raarginibns  partim, 
macula  frontali,  scapo  subtus,  pronoti  et  abd.  Hegmentornm  l'-4'  margins, 
niacMila  subalari,  tegulis,  scntelli  et  metanoti  maculis  2,  post-scutello 
pedibusque,  aurantiacis  ;  alis  ferrugineo-fusco  uebulosis, 

Odyn.  tufpis  Sauss.  Revue,  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  60,  17,  9. 

Total  length,  13  mm. ;  wing,  11  mm. 


'  Sometimes  there  is  still  an  indication  of  two  angles  or  evep  a  small 
tooth  (0.  foramiiialus,  0.  leucomelas),  in  the  species  in  which  the  poste- 
rior plate  of  metathorax  is  more  or  less  angulate. 


282 


IIVMKNOI'TKHA    OV    AMKKICA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


9.  Insect  very  coarsely  punctured,  recalling  the  0.  lioHvii,  but 
niorc!  coarsely  crll)r(».se  and  more  retracted  on  the  luetatliorax. 
Clypeus  pyriloriii,  wide,  punctured,  ratlier  wider  tliau  lung. 
I'ost-seiitel  feel)ly  creiiuliiti^  Concavity  of  the  uictathorax  occu- 
l)ying  all  its  width,  rounded,  notaljly  wider  than  high,  excavated, 
IJnely  striate  and  ainuulh  an  Jar  an  (he  borders;  these  aro 
exlremvAij  trenchant,  hut  not  IbrniiMg  Hpinilorni  lateral  angles; 
tho83  ridges  above  all  very  Halient  on  the  Huinniit,  where  they 
often  terininato  in  a  dentilbriu  or  hunellar  .salient,  separated  from 
the  jiost-scutel  by  a  strong  notch.  Tiio  external  lateral  surfaet^s 
of  the  nielalhorax  very  rng(jse.  Abdomen  conical  truncate,  at 
the  Ijase  having  a  shiu'i)  ridg(^;  the  border  of  the  second  and  fol- 
lowing .segment.s  (piilo  strongly  punctured;  but  that  of  the  2d 
not  sensibly  depressed. 

Insect  black,  clothed  with  tawny  hair.  Mandibles  and  at  times 
the  end  of  clypeus,  red.  Two  spots  or  an  arc  at  the  summit  of 
clypens,  a  spot  on  the  front,  another  behind  each  eye,  and  the 
inner  Imrtlering  of  the  orbits,  as  well  as  a  lino  on  the  scape  of  the 
antennie,  yellow.  Border  of  the  prothorax,  a  spot  under  the 
wing,  tegulie,  two  spots  on  the  scutel,  two  others  on  the  summit 
of  the  nietathorax  and  post-scutel,  yellow;  segments  1-4  of  the 
abdomen  bordered  with  the  same  color;  the  first  border  widened 
on  the  sides ;  legs  yellow,  the  base  black.  Wings  transparent, 
washed  with  brown-forruginous.  The  yellow  of  the  ornaments  is 
almo.st  orange;  it  often  passes,  without  doubt,  into  red. 

Var.  One  specimen  has  its  ridges  blunted  at  the  beginning  or 
where  the  lateral  angles  would  be,  if  they  existed,  but  their 
summit  always  forms  a  trenchant  prominence. 

%.  Unknown. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — This  species  is  allied  to  the  0.  lioscii,  arvensis, 
Ilidnhji,  by  the  distribution  of  the  colors.  It  has  like  the  0. 
Jioscii  the  scntcl  spotted  with  yellow,  and  like  the  other  species 
the  post-scutel  yellow.  But  it  is  distinguished  clearly  from  these 
species:  1st,  by  its  retracted  nietathorax,  not  laterally  bidentate, 
in  con-sequence  of  the  rounded  posterior  plate  (not  squarely  cut), 
of  which,  however,  the  ridges  arc  very  sharp  and  quite  arcuate 
(and  not  more  or  less  straight  or  oblique  as  in  the  species  cited) ; 
2d,  by  the  border  of  the  2d  segment,  which,  although  punctured, 
is  not  depressed,  and  less  reflexed. 


ODYN  Kill's. 


2M3 


From  otiicr  allied  spocics  with  siinilnr  livrry,  or  adorned  wiih 
rod,  it  ahvavH  diH'crs  liy  its  very  hliarp  ini'tutliorucic  ridgus.  (Sco 
t'spccially  the  O.  molnxlus,) 

Tho  ffvvnt  miinhcr  of  these  speoii's  all  haviiij;  winiilar  livery 
renders  their  distinction  very  didieult,  so  that  oiio  needn  to  he 
familiar  with  the  details  of  the  forms,  ahove  all  with  those  of  tho 
nietathorax,  which  furnish  certain  very  distinctive  characters. 

Ilab.  Tho  United  Slates.  2  ?  taken  in  Teuueseieo.  Sent  hy 
K.  Fr.  Falcunnet. 


101.  O.  ItlOKOCra  Litri,. — Ni£C«r,  vnldn  pnnctatnfl;  nietnnotl  fovHola 
rotiiiidata,  Hliiatii,  utriii(|iiH  iiuMiiii,  Hed  ciiiitliis  (dt-vutiii  ui'iuisHiinis  niai- 
giimt.i;  Ills  supra  in  ilfntcs  iiexiurrHMtiljUH,  a  |M).st-si'utHllo  pcrflssuiain 
Hfjunutis  ;  inaitiiia  frontali  et  ))()Ht-oculari,  proiioti  et  alxloiiiiniH  Hfi^iiwa- 
toruin  1',  2'  margiiiH,  piiuii  iitiin(iue  aiioto,  macula  Buhalarl  et  post- 
Houti'llo,  liituis  ;  alis  fusco-cyaiH'is. —  9-  ('l.vpwo  pirifuriiii  nii;ro,  fascia 
nrouata,  vel  maoulis  2  lutnis. —  ^.  Clypeo  lato,  albiUo,  maryliie  truu- 
cato,  atro;  suapo  fascia  alhida. 

Odijn.  Mrgwra  Lkpel.  St.  Farg.  Ilymt  n.  II,  (I3(;,  21  (1841).— Sadss.  Et. 
Vespid.  I,  181,  74;  pi.  xvii,  Ilg.  II,  J';  III,  232. 

9  .  Total  Innntli,  l.'j  mm. ;  wim;,  12  mm. 
^  .  Tutal  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

9.  Clypcus  pyriforni,  lonjrer  than  wide,  crihroso  with  coar.ne 
points,  terminated  hy  a  very  small  border,  ut  times  smooth  and 
lamellate,  and  appearinj^  a  little  bideiitato.  Thora.x  retracted 
on  the  metathurax.  Head  and  thorax  densely  erihro.se.  Post- 
scutel  truncate,  ofl'ering  a  snhcreiinlate  ridi,'e.  JNletathorax 
rugfoso,  having  its  Ude.ral  ridges  blunted;  its  posterior  i)Iate 
concave,  striate,  and  a  little  punctured  on  its  borders;  form 
rounded,  but  wider  than  long;  bordered  with  sharp  ridges,  but 
not  forming  any  lateral  spiniform  angles. 

Tliese  ridges  a  little  erenulate;  their  summit  separated  from 
the  post-scutel  by  a  narrow  fissure.  Al)domee  densely  punctured, 
abruptly  truncate:  at  its  base  a  sharp  ridge;  the  border  of  the  2d 
and  the  following  segments  very  coarsely  cribrose,  but  the  border 
of  the  2d  without  any  depressed  zone. 

Insect  black,  clotlied  with  a  grayish  pile.     A   spot  on  tho 


r/. 


'   The  ornaments   are  too  yellow   on  this  figure  iu  a   number  of  the 
copies  of  this  work. 


/< 


r< 


/  / 


284 


UYMENOl'TEHA    OF   AMEUICA. 


[PAUT  I, 


v 


mandibles,  an  arc  or  two  spots  on  the  sunnuit  of  tlic  clypcus,  a 
dot  on  tlie  front  and  another  behind  each  eye,  the  border  (retraeted 
in  the  middle)  of  pronotiini,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  post-scutel, 
often  a  dot  at  the  wing  scale,  and  the  border  of  the  first  two 
seg:ments  of  the  abdomen,  of  a  whitish-yellow;  the  border  of  the 
first  segment  widened  on  the  sides  ;  often  tri-emarginatc.  Wings 
of  a  brown-violet;  tarsi  brownish. 

Var.  a.  Beneath  the  scape  a  ferruginous  or  whitish  line;  the 
3d  abdominal  segment  adorned  with  a  whitish  edging. 

h.   Clypeus  and  antennie  wholly  black, 

('.  Tibia;  marked  with  white  on  their  outer  border  (Illinois). 

%, .  Smaller.  Clypeus  polygonal,  slightly  prolonged  at  the  end 
and  truncate,  subbidentate,  its  color  whitish,  with  the  inferior 
borders  black;  hook  of  the  antenna;  great;  on  the  scape  a  white 
line.  Metathoracic  ridges  salient  on  the  summit,  terminated 
behind  the  post-scutel  by  a  more  elevated  pyramidal  tooth. 

Var.   The  ornaments  passing  into  sulphur-yellow. 

ijr.s'.s'.  a.  diff. — This  Odynerus  is  easily  recognized  by  its  whitish 
ornaments.     In  likeness  it  resembles: — 

1.  The  0.  bidens  and  the  Monohia  A-dcns),  from  which  it  is 
distinguished  easilj'  by  its  small  size,  by  the  absence  of  lateral 
teeth  on  the  metathorax,  by  the  cribrose  thorax,  and  the  rugose 
metathorax,  etc. 

2.  The  0.  i-srclus,  from  which  it  separates  itself  ly  its  livery 
and  its  quite  differently  formed  metathorax. 

3.  The  0.  leucomelas,  from  which  it  differs  by  the  livery  of 
its  abdomen,  by  the  whitish  band  of  its  1st  segment,  widened  on 
the  sides,  by  its  abdomen  truncate,  with  a  sharp  ridge  at  the  base; 
by  its  metathorax  with  elevated  borders;  by  its  violet  wings. 

4.  The  Aneiatrocerus  aJbnphaleratus ;  from  which  it  dilTers  by 
its  livery  and  by  the  absence  of  a  suture  on  the  first  abdominal 
segment. 

In  the  distribution  of  colors  it  approaches  the  0.  foranwudus 
and  allies, 

IJah.  The  United  States.  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Illinois  (Ken« 
nicott),  Florida  (Norton),  8  ?,  11  ^. 


ODYNEHLS. 


285 


b.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  less  excavated;  its  marginal  edges  but  slighihj 
salient,  although  still  sharp.  Abdomen  ovate-conical,  slightly  attenuated 
at  base, 

103.  O.  foraminatlis  Sauss.— Niger,  confertim  punctatus;  metanoti 
rugosi  foveola  rotundata,  striata,  utrinquo  inerini,  marginihns  rotun- 
datis,  baud  acutis,  snperne  tantum  iu  dentem  verticalem  excuirentibus, 
a  post-scutello  per  fisstiram  SHJiinctnm  ;  macula  froutali  et  post-oculari, 
liiiea  in  scapo,  prouoti  et  abdominis  segmentorum  marginibus,  tegulis, 
post-scatello,  macula  subalari,  tibiis  tar^isque,  sulfureis  ;  alis  diapbanis 
fnscescentibus. —  9*  Clypeo  piriformi,  biangalato,  nigro,  supra  faacia 
aruuata  flava. —  %.  Clypeo  polygonali,  vix  emarginato,  flavo.         ,f 

'7 


9-  Total  length,  13  mm.  ;  wing,  11  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  10  'nm. 


Odyn.  foraminatus  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  180,  73,  9'  (1852)  ;  III,  232.  Oy   "^^n"^        '    , 


Odyn.  rugosus  Sauss.  Ibid,  I,  179,  72,  %  (1852). 


/?..' 


'J 


9.  Smaller  than  the  O.  Megsera.  Clypciis  pyriform,  longer 
than  wide,  strongly  punctured,  terminated  by  a  little  straight  /  CJ)  < 
border,  the  angles  of  which  are  formed  like  two  little  tt'cth.  '/  ;' 
Tiiorax  having  almost  the  same  form  as  in  tho  ().  Me<jnera,  p,  . 
although  a  little  narrower;  tht  bond  and  the  thorax  strongly 
punctured.  Post-scutel  finely  ctenulate.  Metathorax  rugose ; 
its  concavity  striate,  rounded,  being  scarcely  bordered,  but  its 
borders  blunted  by  punctures  which  are  'Continued  with  those  of 
the  superior  face  of  the  metathorax;  one  sees,  however,  the 
superior  ridges  slightly  slefined  on  each  side;  all  on  the  summit 
forming  a  ^ittle  vertical  and  sharp  tooth  placed  on  eacli  side 
behind  the  post-scutel  and  separated  from  this  last  by  a  fissure. 
Lateral  faces  of  metathorax  finely  rugose,',  becoming  coarser 
toward  the  posterior  border.  Abdomen  densely  punctured,  not 
being  conical  as  in  the  preceding  species,  but  rather  ovalo-conic, 
Avidening  slightly  as  far  as  the  extremity,  or  as  far  as  the  middle 
of  2d  segment;  the  first  segment  rounded,  though  truncate;  a 
little  widened  behind.  The  border  of  2d  and  the  following  seg- 
ments very  coarsely  punctured;  that  of  the  2d  a  little  depressed, 
but  not  offering  a  clearly  defined  impressed  zone  ;  the  punctures 
gradually  atgmeuting  in  size ;  the  following  segments  cribrose 
with  great  pits. 


'  Enatum.    Line  7th  from  the  bottom,  in  place  of:  ^cusson,  read  :  post' 
/cusson. 


|M~ 


A- 


286 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[I'AHT  I. 


Insect  black,  clothed  with  a  brownish  or  grayish  pile.  A  spot 
on  the  sunnnit  of  the  niandibies,  an  arcuate  band  or  two  spots  on 
the  suraniit  of  clypeus,  a  spot  on  the  front,  another  behind  each 
eye,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  antenna3,  a  narrow  line  on  the  anterior 
border  of  prothorax,  tegula;,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  post-scutcl, 
knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi,  yellow.  The  first  four  or  five  segments 
of  the  abdomen  regularly  bordered  with  yellow  ;  the  border  of 
the  first  confounded  on  each  side  with  a  spot  or  an  oblique  lateral 
line.  "Wings  transparent,  smoky,  with  some  violet  reflections; 
nervurcs  brown.  A  red  or  brown  dot  on  the  wing  scales.  (The 
wings  arc  at  times  slightly  fcrrug'inous.)  The  last  article  of  the 
tarsi  at  times  brown. 

Va?'.  a.  Two  yellow  dots  on  the  superior  faces  of  metathorax, 
placed  on  each  side  of  the  post-scutel  (Tennessee). 

b.  Often  two  yellow  dots  on  the  scutel  and  the  lateral  spots 
of  the  first  segment  lengthened,  oblique  (Illinois). 

%.  Smaller.  Clypeus  yellow,  polygonal,  as  long  as  wide, 
terminated  by  a  slightly  concave  border,  appearing  bidentate  if 
looked  at  beneath.  A  yellow  line  on  the  mandil)les.  Hook  of 
the  antennae  ferruginous  beneath.  Last  article  of  tarsi  often 
black.     The  intermediate  thighs  often  varied  with  yellow. 

Var.  Frontal  and  post-ocular  spots  almost  nothing.  Border- 
ings  of  fhe  abdomen  very  narrow.  Wings  hyaline.  In  the  two 
se.xes  the  superior  teeth  of  the  metathoracic  ridges  are  often  but 
little  developed,  indistinct,  or  even  wanting.  One  also  remarks 
variations  in  the  punctuation  of  the  border  of  the  concavity  of 
the  metathorax.  The  extremity  of  the  clypeus  is  often  hollowed 
by  a  fossette  which  gives  it  the  appearance  of  being  notched  and 
bid«'ntate. 

Hess.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  the  sarr  '^  distribution  of  colors 
as  the  0.  31egeera,  but  its  ornaments  av  oi  :\  lively  yellow  and 
not  whitish.  Besides,  the  abdomen  is  less  ror  'al;  the  clypeus 
9  has  its  angles  more  salient  and  the  metathorax  is  not  bounded 
by  distinct  and  trenchant  ridges  without.  The  two  superior 
teeth  of  the  metathorax  are  as  strong  as  they  are  well  developed. 
Tfie  wings  are  less  obscure.     ' 

The  0.  foraminatus  somewhat  recalls  also  the  Ancistrocerus 
campestris. 

Finally,  it  resembles  in  so  .striking  a  manner  the  0.  trilobus 
Fabr.,  that  one  will  be  tempted  to  take  it  for  an  American  variety 


ODYNERUS. 


287 


of  this  species  so  common  in  Asia  and  Africa;  but  the  clypcus 
is  always  wider,  the  abdomen  is  less  coarsely  and  more  densely 
punctured,  the  first  abdominal  segment  does  not  offer  the  spot 
trilobate  with  black  peculiar  to  this  species,  and  the  border  of 
the  2d  segment  is  more  coarsely  cribrose. 

Ilab.  The  United  States,  from  Tennessee  as  far  as  Canada. 
Tennessee  (E.  Fr.  Falconnet),  Illinois  (AValsh.  Kennicott ),  New 
York  (E.  Norton),  Pennsylvania  (llathvon,  Ilaldeman),  Connec- 
ticut (E.  Norton),  Wisconsin.     17  9,  20  S. 

103.  O.  Eeucomelas  Sahss.  (Fig.  19, 10a.)— Niger,  pnnctatus.cine- 
reo-hirtus;  thorace  ir-stice  attenuato  ;  abdoraine  ovato-conico  ;  metaiioti 
tbveola  sat  planata,  striata,  utrinque  subaugulata,  marginibus  superis 
tenuiter  acutis,  rectis,  supra  in  dentem  acutnm  terminatis,  a  post-scu- 
tello  perfissuram  sejniictHm;  clypei  f  maculis  2  vel  fascia,  puucto  froii- 
tali  et  post-oculari,  pronoti  et  abdominis  segmentorum  liinbo  anguste, 
post-scutello,  tegnlis  tibiisqueextns,  albidis  ;  alis  subliyalinis. — t  .  Cly- 
peo  bidenlato,  ore,  antennarum  scapo  subtus  pedibusque  partim,  sul- 
fiireis.  Ji 

Oili/n.  leucomelas  Sacss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  225,'  131  (1854).     [^yC'ff/  'l^ ^-^ 

J.  Total  length,  14  mm.;  wing,  10  mm. 
^.  Total  length,  9  mm.  ;  wing,  7.5  mm. 


,/ 


r 


l^J^ 


9.  A  little  larger  than  the  0.  foraminatus,  but  the  abdomen 
is  a  little  more  ovate-conic,  the  first  segment  a  little  narrower. 
Clypeus  pyriform  or  rounded,  strongly  punctured,  terminated  by 
a  very  little  biangulate  border.  The  whole  insect  finely  punc- 
tui'ed;  thorax  slightly  depressed,  widened  in  the  middle,  retracted 
behind ;  post-scutel  finely  crenulate.  Truncation  of  metathorax 
occupying  its  whole  width,  but  the  posterior  plate  slightly 
concave,  quite  flat,  in  form  angulate-rounded,  equally  striate 
throughout,  forming  on  each  side  a  rounded  angle,  at  times  slightly 
salient  in  the  form  of  a  tooth.  Latero-superior  ridges  straight, 
fine  and  trenchant,  although  very  little  salient,  each  terminated 
superiorly  by  a  sharp  tooth,  directed  upward,  and  separated  from 
the  post-scutel  by  a  narrow  fissure.  Abdomen  quite  ovate, 
especially  araong  the  males ;  the  2d  and  following  segments 
quite  strongly  punctured  on  the  border. 

Insect  black,  clothed  With  a  grayish  pile.     A  spot  on  the 


'  In  the  description  of  this  species,  all  that  whi(;h  treats  of  tlie  thorax 
is  omitted.     Another  of  the  numberless  negligences  of  the  printer  I 


288 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[part 


t 


summit  of  the  mandibles,  two  on  the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  a 
dot  on  the  fron  ,  another  beliind  each  eye,  a  narrow  border  on 
the  prothorax,  >.ii.g  scales,  a  dot  under  the  wing,  post-scutel,  a 
quite  regular  narrow  bordering  of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen, 
and  2d  and  3d  tibise  without,  whitish.  Tarsi  and  knees  ferrugi- 
nous. Antennaj  wholly  black.  Wings  transparent,  or  subsmoky; 
a  brown  spot  on  the  wing  scale. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  ornamented  with  a  whitish  arcuate  band  or 
the  summit.  The  bordering  of  the  first  segment  mingled  with  a 
white  lateral  dot. 

h.  The  last  segments  without  border. 

c.   No  spots  under  the  wing. 

%.  Clypeus  bidcntatc,  yellow;  labrum,  mandibles,  the  frontal 
spot,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenna3,  the  hook  of  antenna?, 
tibiae,  tarsi,  intermediate  thighs  beneath,  and  coxa)  2,  3,  yellow. 
No  spots  under  the  Aving. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  resembles  above  all — 1st  the  0. 
foraminatiis,  from  which  it  is  distinguished  by  its  less  concave 
metathorax,  the  concavity  less  rugose,  having  the  superior  ridges 
straight  and  pronounced,  its  antennae  black,  its  ornaments  white, 
etc. — 2d,  from  the  Ancistrocerus  albophaleratus,  which  is  almost 
identical  in  form  and  livery,  but  from  which  it  is  clearly  distin- 
guished by  the  absence  of  the  suture  on  the  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment, and  which  has  the  scutcl  spotted  with  whitish,  with  the 
post-scutel  black. — 3d,  from  the  0.  Megsera,  which  has  the 
posterior  plate  of  the  metathorax  much  more  concave,  and  of  a 
rounded  not  angulate  form,  the  wings  black,  and  only  two  whitish 
bands  on  the  abdomen. 

Hah.  The  northern  United  States.  Connecticut  (E.  Norton), 
Illinois  (Kcnnicott),  3  9,1^.  (1  9  from  Fort  Tejon.  Latit. 
35°,  longit.  119°;  altit.  4C00  feet.) 

Obscrvalion. — This  species,  so  very  near  by  the  form  and  livery 
to  the  Ancistrocerus  albophaleratus,  approaches  very  much  also 
in  the  form  of  the  metathorax  to  the  Ancistrocerus  group  of  the 
species  cited.  One  would  say  that  these  two  species  issue  from 
the  same  stock,  of  which  the  form  of  the  1st  pbdominal  segment 
is  bifurcate,  while  the  livery  has  coutinued  the  same. 


%^.:-: 


<^u 


y.>!'^-7f  ntc^'C,  tr'.x 


d 


tt^^-^< 


0DYNERU8. 


28i) 


104«  O.  blandllS  Sauss. — Niger,  iiitidus,  dense  pnnctatua ;  metathorace 
iiieriiii,  rotuiidato;  ubdoiuiiie  ovato-coiiico;  aiUicti  truucato,  Bcssili; 
corpore  sulfureo-nmltipicto;  abdoniiuia  segnieiitis  1-5  sulfureoliiubatia, 
lO  et  20  insuper  ulrinque  fascia  trigonali  sulfmea  (vel  fascia  aiitica 
iiiterrupta)  ;  pedibus  llavis  ;  alis  subhyalinis. —  9.  Clypeo  et  oibitis 
partim  tlavis. 

Odi/n.  blandus  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXII,1870,  105,  27,  J . 

Total  leugtb,  9  luiu. ;  wing,  7  mm. 

9.  Clypeus  pyriforni,  flattened,  rather  strigoso,  truncate  at  tip 
and  rather  rounded.  Head  and  thorax  densely  punctate  ;  po.st- 
scutcl  quite  shortly  truncate,  quite  linear,  transverse,  but  rounded, 
not  crested;  its  hinder  face  rather  oblique,  punctured;  this  form 
being  the  transition  to  the  Stenodijncrus.  Metathorax  small, 
short,  and  rounded,  not  angulate,  shallowly  punctured;  its 
excavation  strigosc,  not  sharply  nmrgiued,  except  superiorly, 
where  it  forms  a  little  ridge  or  tooth  behind  the  post-scutel. 
Abdomen  ovate-conical;  the  (irst  segment  not  quite  as  wide  as 
the  second,  scarcely  truncate  anteriorly,  but  without  a  sharp  ridge, 
sessile  ;  its  superior  face  slightly  depressed,  as  punctate  as  the 
thorax ;  2d  segment  densely  punctate,  but  not  quite  as  strongly, 
its  hinder  margin  more  strongly  so,  and  densely  punctured, 
slightly  and  widely  depressed;  the  following  punctured. 

Black,  shining;  a  line  on  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  inner  orbits, 
frontal  spot,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  the  scape  beneath,  a  wide, 
but  interrupted  anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot  under  the 
wing,  teguljE,  a  dot  on  mesothorax  before  the  scute),  post-scutel 
above,  and  sides  of  metathorax,  sulphur-yellow.  All  the  segments 
of  the  abdomen  margined  with  sulphur-yellow.  The  first,  in  addi- 
tion, with  two  oblique  yellow  bands  or  macula;,  fused  with  the  yel- 
low bordering  laterally ;  the  2d  adorned  on  each  side  with  a  large 
triangular  macula,  forming  a  wide  interrupted  fascia  beneath  ; 
this  segment  has  similar  yellow  ornaments.  Anus  black.  Feet 
yellow ;  coxa;  black ;  the  2d  and  3d  pair  margined  with  yellow 
and  spotted  at  tip.     Wings  subhyaline,  nerves  brown. 

Var.  9 .  Clypeus  with  a  central  black  spot. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — In  its  rather  stubbed  form  it  recalls  the  form 

of  0    Catskillensis,  but  its  abdomen  is  still  more  sessile,  more 

truncate  anteriorly,  and  more  square.    By  its  rich  livery  it  recalls 

O.  sulfureus,  but  is  very  distinct  from  it  by  its  nou-augulale 

19 


290 


IIYMENOPTEIIA    OF    AMElllCA. 


[I'AKT  I. 


metathorax,  more  slender  form,  etc.  This  is  ratlier  an  interme- 
diate t}i)o  between  Division  Ocbjnerus  and  Stenoihjncrus,  by  the 
quite  linear  form  of  its  post-scutel,  not  flattened  above  and  ridged 
posteriorly ;  and  by  its  abdomen,  although  sessile  and  truncate 
at  base,  having  the  1st  segment  more  punctured  than  the  2d  at 
base. 

Ilah.   California  (E.  Norton). 

B.  Posterior  plots  of  metathorax  no  longer  margined  with  sharp 
ridges,  but  having  its  edges  blunted  by  the  rugosities  or  the 
punctures  (or  not  rugose);  and  the  summit  of  the  ridges  no 
longer  forming  2)ost-scutellar  teeth,  although  still  separated 
from  the  post-scutel  by  a  groove. 

a.  Posterior  plate  of  metathorax  much  excavated,  margined  with  salient,  blunt, 
and  rou(jh  edijes.     Abdomen  coiiiial,  its  base  sharply  truncate. 

105.  O.  niolestus  Sadss. — Niger,  tomento  cinereo  hirsutus  ;  tliorace 
nilido  grosse  punetato;  metanoto  perrugo&o,  haud  bidentato,  foveoljB 
striatse  niarginibus  prominulis  sed  perrugosis,  haud  acutis ;  abdomine 
coniio,  segiuentorum  2-5  niargine  percrasse  cribratis;  macula  frontali 
et  post-oculari,  pronoti  et  abdominis  segmentorum  l'-4'  limbo,  macula 
subalari,  tegulis,  scutelli  maculis  2,  post-scutello,  metanoti  summi 
punctis  2  pedibupque,  flavis. —  'J,.  Clypeo  latiore  quam  longiore,  tlavo, 
valde  punctate,  antice  attenuato,  truncato;  mandibulis,  oculorum 
margine  iutus,  scapo  subtus,  flavis. —  f?. 

Odyn.  molcstus  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  CI,  19,  % . 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

%.  Size  and  appearance  of  the  0.  arvensis,  but  the  thorax 
shining  and  more  coarsely  cribrose  with  more  separated  punctures. 
Post-scutel  crenulate.  Metathorax  but  little  retracted,  very 
rugose ;  its  posterior  face  not  bidentate,  strongly  excavated,  the 
borders  very  salient,  but  not  at  all  trenchant;  being  on  the 
contrary  blunted,  rounded  by  very  coarse  punctures.  At  times  the 
borders  are  a  little  channelled  because  of  these  punctures;  their 
summit  is  separated  from  the  post-scutel  by  a  fissure,  but  does  not 
form  any  salient  angles.  Abdomen  conical,  having  the  same  form 
as  the  0.  arvensis;  the  first  segment  truncate,  having  a  sharp 
angle;  the  2d  very  short,  its  posterior  border  impressed  and  very 
coarsely  cribrose,  as  are  also  the  following  segments. 


AKT  I. 


OI)Y.\£RL'S. 


291 


Icrrnc- 
by  the 
ridgod 
uncatc 
!  2a  at 


I  s^harjy 
i  or  the 
'(hjpn  no 
parated 


ent,  blunt, 
ite. 

;  tliorace 
0,  foveolse 
aMomin© 
la  front  ali 
ko,  macula 
ti  suuiiui 
ore,  llavo, 
oculorum 


19,  %. 


le 


thorax 
unctures. 
ed,  very 
atcd,  the 

on  the 
times  the 
;s;  their 

does  not 
ame  form 

a  sharp 

and  very 


Insect  black,  bristling  witli  prayish  Iiair  (among  fresh  f^pecimcns 
the  abdomen  is  almost  velvety).  A  spot  on  tlio  front,  another 
little  one  behind  each  eye,  anterior  border  of  prothorax,  leguhe, 
a  spot  beneath  the  wing,  two  on  the  sentel,  post-sentel,  and  a 
spot  on  ea(;h  side  of  this  on  the  sununit  of  metathorax,  yellow  or 
a  little  red.  The  first  two  segments  of  the  alxhjmen  bordered 
with  yellow;  the  border  of  the  first  joined  on  each  side  with  an 
oblique  red  or  yclh^w  spot;  the  segments  (  9  3-4),  %  3-5  bordered 
with  a  fine  yellow  edging.  Legs  yellow,  at  the  base  black. 
Wings  transparent,  a  little  smoky;  nervures  brown.  "Wing  scales 
spotted  with  red  or  brown, 

%.  Clypeus  yellow,  strongly  punctured,  wider  than  long;  its 
inferior  extremity  slightly  prolonged  and  truncate  in  middle. 
MandibleS;  scape  of  antennsB  beneath,  inner  border  of  orbits,  and 
femora  above,  yellow.     Hook  of  the  antenna?  ferruginous. 

lifss.  a.  (liff. — This  resembles  divers  species,  particularly  the 
0.  arve7is7)i  %,  but  the  clypeus  is  much  more  coarsely  punctured, 
wider  in  proportion,  with  the  extremity  narrower  and  not  biden- 
tatc.  It  differs  from  others:  from  0.  arvc)isli<,  Bo>'(ii,  Hidahji, 
and  Iturbidi  by  its  metathorax,  which  is  not  liidentate  and  very 
much  more  excavated. — It  is  easily  distinguished  from  the  0. 
foraminatus  %  by  the  form  of  its  clypeus,  by  its  more  coarsely 
punctured  thorax,  by  the  metathorax  surrounded  by  nKn-e  salient 
borders,  and  very  much  more  rugose,  not  forming  behind  the 
post-scutel  the  two  little  separating  teeth;  by  the  two  jcllow 
spots  of  the  scutcl ;  by  its  very  conical  abdomen,  truncate  at  its 
base,  with  a  sharp  ridge.  But  it  offers  an  appearance  wholly 
similar  to  the  0.  turpm;  the  same  size,  the  same  form,  the  same 
livery,  so  far  that  one  would  readily  take  it  for  the  male  of  that 
species.  However,  it  differs  from  it  essentially  by  the  borders  uf 
its  metathorax,  which  are  blunted,  rugose,  and  not  at  all  tren- 
chant, while  in  the  species  of  this  group  the  ridges  arc  in  gcnernl 
more  trenchant  at  the  summit  among  the  males  than  in  the 
females.  Yet  the  resemblance  is  such  between  these  two  in- 
sects that  I  remain  in  doubt  if  they  are  not  the  two  sexes  of  the 
same  species,  the  rather  that  with  the  0.  turpis  (9)  the  ridges 
are  often  blunted  toward  the  base. 

Hah.  The  United  States.     2  %  from  Tennessee. 


292 


HYMKNOPTKUA    OF    AMEKK  A. 


[I'AUT  I. 


b.  Posterior  plate  of  nielalhortir  more  jhitlened;  Us  margins  rounded 

and  punctured. 

*  Abdamen  conical,  principally  among  thefemnla. 

106.  O.  pratenais  Sauss.— Pallide-ferruginens,  citrino  multipictns  ; 
thorace  polito,  grosse  et  sparse  pimctato;  lUHtanoto  rotuiiilato,  dense 
punctato,  velutino,  utiiiujiio  iiieruii,  superne  caiithia  iinlliH,  foveola 
striata  luinuta  orbicular!:  abdoiuine  couico,  seguieiitorum  ^'-fi'  J, 
2'-6'  %  margiuo  puiiotis  luHcia  crasais  sparse  cribrato;  clypeo  panlo 
latiore  qaam  iougiore,  truncato;*  aiiteniiis  bani  auraiitiis,  in  diniidio 
turminali  superue  nigria  vel  funeis;  abdominis  seguieutorum  1',  2'  fascia 
marginal!  citrina  utrinque  dilatata. 

Odyn.  prutensis  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag,  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  61, 20,  J  %. 

f.  Total  lengtb,  15  mm.;  wing,  11  mm. 
%  .  Total  lenjjth,  12  mm. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

9.  Size  a  little  superior  to  that  of  the  0.  foraminatus.  Punc- 
tures of  body  of  little  depth,  but  quite  coarse.  Scutel  smooth, 
with  some  coarse,  sei»aratcd,  irregular  punctures.  Post-scutel 
crenulate.  Motath  jrax  rounded,  offering  a  little  circular,  striate 
concavity;  but  its  circumference  is  perfectly  rounded,  densely 
punctured,  without,  any  spiniform  angle,  nor  any  ridge  ;  not  form- 
ing behind  the  post-scutel  any  kind  of  teeth,  and  velvoty.  Abdo- 
men 9  very  conical,  truncate  anteriorly,  but  without  sharp  ridge. 
Border  of  segments  2'-5'  (2'-6*,  %)  cribrose,  with  very  gross 
impressed  points,  a  little  separated,  brown  in  their  depth,  and 
forming  on  the  2d  segment  an  impressed  zone. 

Insect  of  a  ferruginous  orange,  garnished  with  yellow  or  gray 
hair;  mandibles,  clypeus,  the  whole  face,  and  a  little  post-ocular 
gpace,  sulphur-yellow;  a  brown  band  on  the  vertex;  antenna? 
red,  clouded  with  yellow,  with  their  second  moiety  black  above, 
and  the  scape  adorned  with  a  yellow  line.  Middle  of  the  pro- 
fhorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  tegulaj,  post-scutel,  and  sides  of 
metathorax,  yellow;  scutel  orange,  varied  with  yellow^;  disk  of 
mesothorax  red,  clouded  with  brown.  All  the  segments  of  the 
abdomen  widely  bordered  with  yellow;  bordering  of  1st  and  2d 
squarely  widened  on  the  sides;  anus  yellow ;  femora  and  tibia 
varied  with  yellow.  Wings  transparent,  gray  at  the  end,  a  little 
ferruginous  along  the  side. 

Var.  a.  Mesothorax  obscure,  with  two  ferruginous  lines. 

6.  Yellow  bordering  of  prothorax  complete. 


0DYNE11U8. 


?. 


9.  Clypoiis  yi'llow,  coarsely  punctured,  a  littlo  wider  than 
lunjx,  tenuiuatod  l»y  a  littlo  laniollur  burdur;  iiiaiidii)k's  yellow  or 
red. 

%.  Smaller.  Head  wide.  Clypeus  polyjjonul,  more  widely 
truncate.     Le<;.s  j'ellow.     (Antemiic  ?,) 

i?c.s,s.  a.  diff. — This  species  varies  without  douht  infinitely  in 
its  color.s,  passing  prol)ai)ly  in  one  place  to  l)r(»;vn  or  to  black  in 
its  deeper  color,  or  preserving  its  yellow  oriuinients  more  or  less 
rcduciMl ;  in  another  iilaeo  changing  from  yellow,  by  the  paling  of 
its  deeper  color,  and  the  extension  of  its  ornaments,  as  wo  have 
.shown  above  for  the  0.  annulalus.  It  will  not  do  then  to  seek 
its  distinctive  characters  elsewhere  than  in  its  form. 

It  is  easily  confounded  with  the  O.  annuJadix,  which  has  almost 
the  same  livery  and  the  male  of  which  also  presents  a  great  head. 
It  is  distinguished  from  it  by  its  greater  and  less  dense  punctures, 
the  thora.x  remaining  smooth  for  this  reason;  by  the  absence  of 
lateral  dentiform  angles  on  the  nietathorax ;  by  the  punctures  of 
borders  of  segments  2-4,  which  are  greater,  and  -icparated,  and 
of  a  brown  color;  the  %  also  by  its  shorter  clypeus,  which  is  not 
regularly  octagonal,  the  inferior  borders  not  being  identical  with 
the  superior,  the  inferior  being  a  little  more  prolonged. 

The  0.  pralennis  diflers  from  the  0.  Jhraminalus  by  its  meta- 
thorax,  having  a  smaller  concavity,  less  .surrounded  by  swellings, 
with  more  rounded  borders,  more  circumscribed,  less  extended, 
as  far  as  the  borders  of  the  i)osterior  '"ace  ;  and  by  the  ah^n'iicc: 
of  Utile  teeth  behind  the  jjost-scutel ;  by  a  shorter  and  wider 
clypeus,  etc. 

It  differs  from  the  O.  Guerreri  by  its  more  conical  abdomen, 
by  its  less  densely  cribrose,  and  not  velvety  body,  etc.  Other- 
wise, its  color  is  of  a  gay  orange-red,  common  to  insects  of  the 
western  coast  of  Xorth  America,  and  not  of  the  brownish-re(l 
peculiar  to  the  Mexican  insects. 

Ilab'.  Lower  California  and  the  prairies  of  Xew  Mexico.  9 
from  Cape  St.  Lucas  (Lower  California,  G.  Xantus)  ;  %  from 
New  Mexico. 


**  AMomen  more  ovate-conical  slightly  contracted  anteriorly. 

lOY.    O.  flaTOpictUS  Sauss. — O.  foramlnato  simillimus,  sed  mpta- 
thoracia  deutilms  superioribus  uullis;  clypeo  latiore,  flavo,  nigro-maigi- 


2!)  I 


IIYMKNdPTEIlA    OP    AMERICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


nato,  in  imdio  Nigiintnm  iiiKia ;  abdoiniiiis  Hcuniidi  segtnentl  margiue 
orasHe  puiictiUu  ,><tMl  iicu  ititprusHu,  iieu  rugorto,  ^. 

Odjn.jtut'opictus  SAoas.  Rev.  «t  Mag.  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  270.  \ 

Total  length,  11  .'uiri. ;  wing,  O.S  lum. 

Very  similar  to  O.  foravnnatus ;  u  little  sniullor,  nnd  dilTcriiij^ 
l»y  its  clyi)eiis  hoiii;^  a  iittlo  iiioro  triangiiiiir,  and  princMpally  liy 
its  luetatliorax,  destituto  of  siiarp  edges  suiterioriy,  not  Ibnuinj^ 
behind  tlio  post-scutcl  two  teeth  separated  by  u  iissiiro. 

9.  llather  slender.  Clypeus  wide,  its  apex  narrowly  produecd, 
a  little  exeavaled,  bideiitate.  rost-seiitcl  not  erenulate.  Con- 
cavity of  nietathorax  linely  striate;  its  edf^es  roii!j;lily  jjnnctured, 
not  margined  superiorly  by  any  sharp  edges.  Alxlonien  a  little 
more  contracted  anteriorly.  The  whole  body  more  liMcly  ])uiic- 
tured  ;  the  margin  of  the  2d  abd.  segment  strongly  punctured, 
but  not  rugose  ;  more  impressed. 

lilaek,  with  the  same  ornaments  as  0.  foraminattts ;  nil  the 
abdominal  segments  margined  with  yellow;  the  border  of  the 
first  segment  widened  on  the  sides,  with  three  black  notches. 
Clypeus  yellow,  with  u  central  black  spot,  and  its  (ij)ex  margined 
with  black.     Wings  washed  with  fuseou.s,  with  bronze  reflections. 

Jfnb.  United  States.     Tennessee. 

This  may  bo  a  variety  of  0.  foraminatus,  with  imperfectly 
developed  form. 

\OH,  O.  CwMcrrcri  Saups. — Obscure  rufas  et  niger,  rngose  pnnctatiis, 
fulvo-liirautiis  ;  clypeo  trnncato ;  poat-soutello  9  bigibboso,  'J  2- vf  1 
4-dentato ;  metathorace  ubique  olitiindato,  dense  punotato,  foveola 
Striata  minore,  milloiiiodo  auute-niarginata  cantliis  iiullis;  abdomine 
ovato-conieo,  niar;;inibu.s  Regiiientoruin  2'  et  sequentiuin  grosse  puiic- 
tatis  ;  Kfcundi  v.ilde  iinprcsHo ;  aiitennis  rufls,  npico  nigris;  capite 
nigro,  orbitis  9  oiniiino  rufo-iuarginatis  nee  non  in  vertice  snminn ; 
vertice  9  faHcia  riifa  transversa  ornato;  thoraco  rnfo-inacnlato.  prnnoto 
rnfo  ;  abdomine  riifo;  segtnenti.s  omnibus  liavo-iuarginatis,  lo,  20  basi 
nigro-variis  ;  alia  fusco-nebulosis,  oosta  ferruginea. 

Odyn,  Guerreri  Sauss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  277. 

9  .  Total  lenptb,  12  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 
%.  Total  lengtb,  9.5  nnn. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Insect  quite  slender,  of  an  obscure  red,  velvety.  Head  and 
thorax  densely  cribrose;  scutel  divided  by  a  longitudinal  groove; 


ODYNKHUS. 


2U5 


cvcst  of  post-scutol  insonsil)ly  hituliornilato.  Conrnvity  of  triota- 
tliorax  (juilo  snmll,  tlio  striu!  parttMl  in  tb<!  iiiiddli!  Iiy  a  carina  ; 
its  l)onk'r.s  coniplotc'ly  roiimlcd  and  piincturod,  forniiii^  iio  traco 
of  a  salient  Ixdiind  tlio  post-scutcl.  Abdoincii  tniiicato  anteriorly; 
second  segment  ratlier  wider  than  lonj;,  a  1.  Jo  wider  than  tiic 
first;  its  border  oflV-rinf?  a  wide  impressed  zone,  ronj;lily  eriliroso 
with  separate  piineturea,  insensiiily  crenulatc.  JJorders  of  the 
other  segnn'iits  very  coarsely  punctured. 

Insect  black,  velvety,  garniHhed  with  an  abundant  woolly,  tawny 
pile.  Clypous,  mandibles,  a  spot  oii  the  front,  and  the  complete 
border  of  the  orbits,  aH  well  as  the  vertex,  ferruginous;  one  sees 
beside  on  the  vertex  a  transverse  band  of  this  color  which  joins 
the  summit  of  the  two  eyes.  Anteniue  ferruginous,  wiih  their 
second  moiety  black.  I'rothorax,  teguhe,  a  spot  under  the  wing, 
scutcl  and  post-seutel,  wholly  or  in  part,  and  angles  of  nw'tat borax, 
of  an  obscure  ferruginous;  there  is  often  a  ferruginous  spot  at 
the  base  of  niesothorax  also.  AlKlomcn  silky  or  woolly,  ferrugi- 
nous, with  the  border  of  all  the  segments,  yellow;  the  base  of  the 
lirst  two  black,  which  forms  variable  designs.  liCgs  ferruginous. 
Wings  ferruginous  along  the  side,  a  little  smoky  in  the  rest  of 
their  extent,  the  radial  cellule  obscure. 

Var.  a.  The  little  chauuel  of  second  segment  almost  null  in 
certain  specimens. 

b.  Metathorax  black ;  scutcl  black,  with  two  rod  spots ;  the 
black  strongly  extended  on  the  first  two  segments  of  abdomen. 

c.  The  scape  blackish  above ;  vertex  without  red  transverse 
band  ;  legs  black  and  yellow. 

d.  Clypeus,  ornaments  of  the  head,  scutcl,  tcgula;,  .spots  under 
the  wings,  passing  into  yellow. 

9 .  Clypeus  wide,  strongly  punctured,  its  inferior  margin 
truncate,  the  angles  forming  two  little  salients. 

Z .  Clypeus  polygonal,  truncation  almost  straight,  yellow. 
Post-scutel  bidentate  or  4-dcntate,  or  denticulate;  2d  segment 
very  short,  concave,  its  border  very  rugose,  at  times  a  little 
channelled.  Vertex  generally  black,  bordering  of  orbits  incom- 
plete at  the  summit, 

Var.  The  first  segment  black,  bordered  with  yellow ;  the 
bordering  joining  with  two  red  lateral  spots ;  the  2d  black,  red 
on  the  sides. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  rather  nearly  the  same  colora- 


29G 


IIYMKNOPTKIIA   OP   AMEIIIC 


[I'AUT  I. 


tion  ns  tlio  O.  Jliirhidc  and  IIi<hihji  (var.  Mex.);  but  it  difTn's 
by  Its  fiiiiallor  sizo,  by  its  bidentuto  post-Bcutil,  by  its  Bmallor 
concavity  wliicli  only  orcupics  tlie  middle.  Tlio  nmlo  groutly 
rcst'iiiblcH  tilt!  O,  molrxliis,  but  is  distinct  from  it  by  the  nu-ta- 
tborax  liaving  its  l)onk'rs  nioro  rct^ulnrly  rounded,  regularly 
punctured,  not  rugose,  not  angulate  at  tlio  summit,  nor  (piite  so 
elevated  as  to  be  separated  from  tlic  post-scutcl  by  a  fissure;  by 
tiic  more  oval  abdomen,  by  its  antenna;,  red  in  their  first  moiety,  etc. 

The  species  closely  approaches  al.so  to  the  colors  of  the  O, 
Mordii,  and  the  Anvistroccrus  tuber culicepa.  (See  the  descrip- 
tion of  these  species.) 

Uab.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  I  took  4  9  and  0  ^  in 
the  beautiful  valley  of  Mextithui ;  one  9  on  the  confines  of 
r.Iorelia,  in  ^Mcehoacan  ;  and  2  9,  3  ^  in  the  hot  parts  of  the 
province  of  Mexico  (Cuautia). 

109.  O.  Romandimis  Sadsb.— Sntis  gracilis,  nigrn-relutinas,  pilis 
loni^ia  fulvis  liiisutus  ;  poat-HCHtnllo  liaud  acute  truncato;  inetanoto 
luuul  angulato  ;  puucto  po.st-oculari,  pioiioti,  tegularmn,  abdoininHquo 
sei5inciitoium  l-.'5  margiiio,  llavo;  post-.scutello  fascia  tlava  ;  alls  infa.i- 
catis,  fusco-purpureo  nitidis. — Clypeo  }  nigro;    ^  aarautio,  basinigro. 

Odijn.  Romandinua  Sadss.  et  Vespides,  I,  184,  79. 

9  .  Total  length,  11       n. ;  wing,  8.5  mm. 
%  .  Total  length,  !  ;  W'ug,  8  mm. 

Rather  slender,  very  finely  punctured  and  velutinous  throughout. 
Post-scutel  depressed,  uot  sharply  truncate.  Metathorax  very 
slightly  excavated,  not  angulaie  ;  the  excavation  not  margined  ; 
superiorly,  continued  witliout  limits  from  the  superior  part;  tlio 
lateral  edges  continued  with  the  inferior  edges.  Abdomen  ovate- 
conical,  a  little  depressed  ;  the  first  segment  not  as  wide  as  the 
second,  bluntly  truncate  anteriorly,  and  more  strongly  punctate. 
Second  segment  having  at  base  beneath  a  transverse  tubercle. 

The  whole  insect  of  a  deep  velvet  black,  and  all  bristling  with 
long  fulvous  hair.  Antennae  and  head  black;  a  little  j'cllow  spot 
behind  the  eye.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax  with  a  narrow 
yellow  band  ;  margin  of  wing  scales,  a  fascia  on  the  post-scutel, 
and  the  margin  of  the  1-3  abd.  seguients  narrowly  yellow  ;  the 
3d  margin  quite  narrow.  Wings  fuscous,  with  brown  and  violet 
iridescence.     The  ornaments  are  of  a  golden  sulphur-yellow. 


Ol»VN  KUU8. 


*jy7 


Vnr.   Post-scufcl  hliick,  without  vcllow  Itiiinl. 

9.  (^lypcMis  i»yrif()riii,  tniiiculf,  hidontutc!  or  hinnpiilntc  at  'ip, 
coftrsel}-  piiiicturi'd  ueur  llio  tjxtrtMuily;  adorned  with  two  yi'lluw 
lines  at  its  apex. 

%  .  (My pens  oloiigiitc,  a  littlo  bidcntato  nt  tlio  apex,  thi*  inferior 
part  occupied  l)y  a  larj,f('  oran^^e  niaetila;  its  teeth  uml  apieal 
edge  hiaek.     IFook  of  the  antenriie  siiiaii,  black. 

l'(ir.   Tlie  oraiij,'!!  niaciiia  of  the  elypcus  much  extended 

7i'('«s.  a.  dijf. — A  very  distinct  species,  having?  (piitc  the 
characters  of  tlio  r)dyncri(hL'  of  the  northern  Andes  of  Soutli 
America,  velutinous,  grisly  with  long  black  liair.  This  insect 
forms  sonicjwhat  a  transition  to  the  Jlijjioilijticrux  ;  it  lives  also 
quito  on  the  northern  liraitsj  of  the  distribution  of  this  group  of 
insects. 

Hub.  New  Granada.     Sta  Fo  do  Bogota,  2  9 ,  2  ^ . 

Section  IT. — Ilodij  still  stubbed,  not  slender,  nor  cylindrical. 
Abdomen  not  conical,  but  remaining  »essile ;  the  \sl  neyment 
ftmaller  than  the  2d,  an  stronijhj  or  more  t^trotxjli/  punctured 
than  the  2d;  the  2d  ronttlricled  at  ba.fe  to  Jit  into  the  Jirst 
and  vtore  or  le.'<.^  deformed;  luieinij  its  mnnjin  venj  titxuKjly 
canal icidate  and  rejlexcd,  and  more  or  lens  swelled  before 
the  channel. 

This  group  is  formed  for  exceptional  types,  still  belonging  to 
the  Division  Odynerus  by  their  general  aspect,  but  passing  to 
Stenodynerus  by  the  form  of  the  abdomen,  which  is  no  longer 
conical  or  ovate-conical,  but  more  narrow  anteriorly,  and  by  the 
scutel,  which  is  not  so  distinctly  truncate,  nor  ridged  on  the  line 
of  the  truncation.  The  two  species  which  follow  are  approximate 
in  the  form  of  the  abdomen,  but  very  diQ'erent  in  that  of  the 
clypeus  %. 


A.  Mctathorax  not  narroicrd  below,  much  excavated,  with  very 
sharp  edges;  post-scutcl  bituberculate ;  abdomen  quite  de- 
formed. 

IIO.  O.  cllinicillUS  Sauss. — Niger  craasisaime  cribri  instar  punc- 
tatus  ;  pronoto  cristato,  post-sontello  bimamiliari  ;  inetathorace  valde 
excavato,  snperne  acute  marginato;  2°  aegmwnto  postice  olunium 
duurum  iiistar  turgente,  margiue  profuiidissime  canaliculato  et  mazime 


298 


IIYMENOPTEUA    OP    AMERICA. 


[I'ART  I. 


leflexo;  macula  frontali  et  snbalari,  tegulis,  maciilia  2  scatelH  et  2 
metanoti,  proiioti  abdorainisqno  seginentorura  l'-4'  margiiip,  tibiis  «t 
tarsis,  pallide-flavis. —  %  ,  Clypeo  polygonal!  flavo  ;  scapo  subtus  flavo. 

Odjn.  cluniculus  Sauss.  Revue  c>t  Mag.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  GO,  18,  %. 

^  .  Total  length,  0  mm. ;  wing,  7.5  mm. 

Body  crihrose,  with  very  large,  deep  punctures  ;  head  rugose, 
sharply  margined  behind.  I'rothora.Y  anteriorly  crested,  angu- 
latc.  Post-seutel  bearing  a  sort  of  cniarginutc  crest  or  two 
bidentate  eminences;  its  hinder  face  elevated,  flattened;  nieta- 
thorax  vertically  truncate,  much  excavated,  rather  polishod,  very 
sharply  margined  superiorly  by  two  angulatc  iirominent  ridges, 
separated  by  a  sort  of  channel,  being  the  continuation  of  the 
ground  of  the  cavity;  the  superior  checks  rather  separated  from 
post-scutel  by  a  sulcosity,  and  having  a  ])olished  space  ;  the 
inferior  part  rather  angulatc  inferiorly,  but  the  angles  tpiite 
rounded;  the  inferior  edges  nearly  horizontal.  Abdomen  quite 
deformed.  First  segment  short,  truncate  anteriorly  ;  its  trans- 
verse edge  blunt,  although  a  little  salient  because  of  a  depression 
of  the  superior  face.  Second  segment  slightly  ovate ;  quite 
swelled  above  into  two  large,  salient,  rnunded  tubercles,  sepa- 
rated by  a  deep  excavation,  resembling  two  brushes ;  the  margin 
forming  a  rather  broad,  extremely  deep  channel,  with  the  poste- 
rior edge  refloxed  into  a  very  much  elevated  crest,  slightly 
undulating  in  the  middle.  Third  segment  cut  a  little  concavcly 
behind.  The  first  three  segments  quite  as  strongly  cribrose  with 
enormous  punctures  as  the  thorax  (also  the  tubercles  of  the  2d 
segment).     Those  following  not  as  strongly  punctured. 

Black.  A  frontal  and  post-ocular  spot,  anterior  margin  of 
prothorax,  a  macula  under  the  wing,  teguloe,  two  spots  on  the 
scutel,  two  spots  on  the  metathorax  and  its  blunt  angle?-;,  and  the 
margins  of  the  first  four  abd.  segments,  pale  yellow;  margins  of 
1,  2  segments  moderate ;  3,  4  very  narrow.  Feet  black  or  brown ; 
knees,  tibia;,  tarsi,  and  coxa3  2,  3,  pale  yellow ;  tibiiB  rather  ferru- 
ginous.    Wings  subhyaline,  anterior  margin  narrowly  brown. 

% .  Clypeus  polygonal,  as  wide  as  long,  coarsely  punctured, 
truncate,  pale-yellow,  as  well  as  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the 
antenna! ;  hook  ferruginous. — 9?. 

Jitss.  a.  diff. — A  species  quite  distinct  by  the  unusual  form  of 


ODVNERUS. 


299 


its  abdomen,  recalling,  with  exaggeration,  the  African  O.  canali- 
culatux. 

Hah.    The  tempcrato  part  of  Mexico.     Orizaba  (1  %,  Sumi- 
cbrast). 


13.  Ilelallwrnx  trianrfular,  narrowed  posfcHarb/,  vol  so  much 
excavntrd,  xcilli  sharp  superior  richirs.  rost-scvfrl  not 
crcsfrd.  Serond  abdomin al  seyment  channelled  and  rejlcxed, 
scarcchj  sivoUen. 

111.  O.  Iflorelii  Sai-ps.— Niger,  dense  pnnctulatua,  fiilvo-tonientosus  ; 
pionotoangulato;  inetatlioriico  hand  angulato,  foveoia  po.stiua  cantliis 
acutis  superne  luarginata ;  abdoniiuis  prinio  segniciito  minoiv ,  iiiargiue 
elHvato;  secnndi  niargine  rugoso,  valde  canalicnlato  valde  rellexo ; 
ant.-niii.s  basi  fVrriu'inei.s  ;  ore,  orliitis  et  vertiois  fasc  ia  arcuata,  pronoto, 
macula  subalari,  teguli-i,  scutelli  niargino,  uietanoti  cantliis,  pedibiis 
abdoniineque,  femigiiieis  ;  Pegnientorum  margine  obscure  ilavo  ;  seg- 
nieiitis  lo,  20  basi  nigris  ;  alls  dilnte  infuscati.-s,  in  co.sta  ferrugin.-a.— 
%  .  Clypeo  rotundato,  transverse,  flavo  ;  argeuteo-tomcutorio  ;  vcrtico 
tulierculo  polito  obsolcto  instructo ■?  . 

Odi/n.  Morelos  Sadss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  do  Zool.  IX,  1857,  270,  %  . 

Total  length,  J  ,  12  mm.  ;  wing,  ■£, ,  10  mm. 

% .  Head  rather  swelled  transversely  at  the  occiput  or  behind 
the  eyes.  A'ertox  a  little  hollowed,  or  Avith  a  double,  polished 
low  tubercle  behind  the  ocelhe,  and  between  this  and  the  ocelhe, 
a  sort  of  arcuate  depression,  often  obsolete.  Thorax  short ;  pro- 
thorax  quite  S(i' :ircly  cut,  its  angles  sharp,  but  not  i)rod'nced. 
Post-.scutel  quite  shortly  truncate,  linear,  transverse,  insensibly 
depressed  in  the  middle;  but  not  edged  nor  crenulate;  lis  hinder 
face  elevated.  IVIetalhorax  rather  narrow;  its  ujyper  fiico  on  each 
side  convex;  its  hinder  face  rather  triangular,  forming  each  side 
almost  a  blunt  lateral  angle;  the  excavation  margined  superiorly 
on  each  side  under  the  post-scutel  by  a  sharp  arcade  or  arcuated 
edges,  very  salient,  like  a  sharp  crest,  but  not  erect,  forming  no 
teeth  whatever  behind  the  post-scutel.  Abdomen  constrictecl  at 
base  of  the  second  segment;  the  first  segment  very  small,  much 
narrower  than  the  second,  truncate  and  rounded  at  base;  its 
margin  a  little  edged.  The  second  segment  very  stronglv  e'ami- 
liculatc  along  its  margin;  the  chauuel  widened  iu  the  middle  aud 


800 


HYMENOPTEUA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


the  segment  slightly  swelled  into  two  little  chocks  before  the 
channol ;  the  edge  strongly  rcflexed  ;  the  edge  of  the  3d  also  a 
little  reflcxed ;  the  2d  beneath  as  tiiberculate  at  base.  The 
whole  insect  finely  and  densely  punctured,  on  the  abdomen  as 
well  as  on  the  thorax;  more  coarsely  on  the  margin  of  2-4  seg- 
ments.    The  body  woolly,  furnished  with  gray-fulvous  hair. 

Black.  Mandibles,  the  2-3  first  joints  of  antennae,  a  frontal 
longitudinal  line,  an  elongate  large  post-ocular  spot,  not  touching 
the  eyes,  and  an  angulate  line  on  the  vertex  parted  by  the 
tubercle,  and  continuing  along  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes, 
rufous.  Prothorax,  tcgulaj,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  post-scutel, 
hinder  part  of  scutol,  and  often  the  angles  of  metathorax,  rufous. 
Abdomen  rufous;  the  base  of  the  first  two  segments  black,  and 
the  margin  of  all  segments  yellowish.  The  black  of  the  base  is 
often  prolonged  on  the  middle  of  the  segment.  Feet  rufous. 
Wings  smoky,  with  the  anterior  edge  ferruginous. 

%.  Clypeus  wider  than  long,  fulvous  or  yellowish,  with  argen- 
teous  reflections,  although  having  some  black  hair;  its  inferior 
margin  rounded,  with  a  little  notch  and  bidentate  in  the  middle. 
Hook  of  the  antennaj  large,  arcuate,  black 

Var.  a.  The  head  not  much  variegated  with  ferruginous. 
Orbits  and  vertex  nearly  black.  A  black  spot  near  the  edge  of 
the  2d  abd.  segment. 

b.  Metathorax  black. 

iicss.  a.  diff. — The  coloring'of  this  insect  is  what  I  should  like 
to  call  the  Mexican  livery;  this  dull  ferruginous  fulvo-vclutinous 
livery  being  quite  a  Mexican  type.  This  coloration  is  quite  that 
0^  Ancistrocerus  tuhercuUceps,  and  much  also  that  of  Od>jneruii 
Gucrreri.  From  this  it  difi'crs,  by  its  abdomen,  not  conical,  tin; 
first  segment  being  much  narrower  than  the  2d ;  by  the  margin 
of  the  1st  segment  which  is  hemmed,  and  that  of  the  second,  much 
more  canaliculate ;  by  its  post-scutel  not  sharp  nor  crenulate,  and 
by  its  very  large,  wide  clypeus. 

This  is  quite  an  exceptional  type  by  the  form  of  its  abdomen, 
post-scutel,  and  its  wide  %  clypeus. 

Hah.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  I  caught  two  males  in 
the  fine  valley  of  Mextitlan. 


ODYNERUS. 


801 


Division  STENODYNERUS. 

(Sauss.  Vespides  I,  Divis.  IV,  20G.— Ill,  Divis.  Epsilon,  11"  Sect.,  p.  255. 
Stenoilynerus,  Melang.  Hymenopt.  II"  fasc,  p.  58.) 

IJody  elongate,  generally  slender;  often  cijlindriral.  Abdomen 
slender  and  crjlindrical,  or  ovate,  not  quite  sessile,  or  spindle- 
shaped,  subpeduneulate.  Its  first  segment  variable,  having 
the  ^'hape  of  rather  an  elongate  bell,  rounded  anteriorli/  or 
cup-shaped,  subpeduneulate,  or  funnel-shaped,  often  longer 
than  wide. — Post-scutel  generally  entire,  not  truncate, 
angular  posteriorly;  but  yet  sometimes  truncate  when  the 
abdomen  is  spindle-shap)ed  and  subpeduneulate. 

This  is  a  type  very  richly  represented  in  America. 

The  Odyneri  of  this  division  constitute  a  special  type,  remark- 
able by  the  elongation  of  their  forms,  which  is  among  the  Odyneri, 
quite  a  corresponding  similarity  between  the  Utenancistrocerus 
and  the  Ancislrocerus. 

The  parallelism  is  so  complete  that  one  may  even  designate  in 
both  groups  some  corresponding  species  of  which  some  are  quite 
approximate,  merely  differing  by  the  presence  or  absence  of  a 
suture  on  the  1st  abdominal  segment,^  others  very  analogous,- 
although  not  quite  so  similar.  This  very  difficult  group  is  not 
distinguished  by  any  one  special  character,  but  by  the  combina- 
tion of  several,  which  are  not  all  general  to  all  the  species,  each 
species  uniting  only  a  certain  portion  of  them,  which  partly  occur 
in  other  Odyneri,  but  are  combined  in  other  ways.  This  makes 
the  Stenodyneri  very  difficult  to  recognize,  for  one  not  very 
fomiliar  with  the  genus  Odynerus. 


'  0.  conformis. 
0.  vagus. 


A.  fiilvipes. 
f  A.  sfEculnris. 
<•  A.  Bravo. 


•  a.  Abdomen  elongate,  ci/l!ndrical. 
0.  Enyo.  A.  hintrio. 

O.  totonacus.  A.  Mexicanus. 

b.  Abdomen  more  ovate,  1st  segment  cup-shaped. 
0.  speciosus.  A.  militaris. 

0.  Peyroti.  A.  Sumichrasti. 

c.  Metatlwrax  produced  posteriorly ;  wings  black,  ornawents  white. 
0.  luctuosus.  A.  quadrise.ctus,  etc. 


p 


302 


nYMENOPTEIlA    Oi    AMERICA. 


[part  I, 


TIic  flilTienlty  in  distinguii^hing  tlic  Slcnodynerua  from  the 
Pachodi/ncrua  and  tlic  true  Odijncrns  obliges  us  to  make  a  review 
of  the  ciiarncters  which  are  peculiar  to  each. 

The  clypcus  is  not  characteristic  in  any.  Generally  pyriform, 
truncate,  and  biangulate  at  tip;  iu  9  sometimes  rounded;  in  % 
polygonal-truncate  and  bidentate. 

The  thoi'ax  is  cylindrical  when  the  abdomen  is  elongate- 
cylindrical,  vaulted  above,  anteriorly  nut  contracted,  biangulatc 
(0.  conformis,  toUccus,  perennis,  etc.).  When  the  abdomen  is 
more  ovate  or  spindle-shaped,  the  therax  is  not  so  elongate, 
more  triangular,  contracted  behind.  It  is  nearly  always  more 
or  less  coarsely  punctured,  the  nietathorax  being  less  strongly 
punctured. 

The  j^ost-scutel  is  rery  peculiar.     It  has  two  different  forms: 

1st.  Not  truncate;  that  is,  angulatc  behind,  not  forming  a 
superior  transverse  punctate  face  and  a  posterior  vertical  polished 
face,  but  on  the  contrary  entire;  rather  horizontal  or  oblique, 
falling  into  the  hinder  face  of  nietathorax,  more  elevated  anteriorly 
than  posteriorly,  as  if  it  had  been  a  little  squeezed  from  behind 
forwards,  so  as  to  accumulate  it  somewhat  along  the  anterior 
margin;  when  crested,  the  crest  is  placed  on  this  elevated  part 
near  the  anterior  margin,  and  not,  as  in  the  Divis.  Odynorus,  on 
the  posterior  edge  formed  by  the  truncation.  "When  not  trun- 
cate, it  is  punctured  on  its  whole  surface, 

?d.  Truncate  posteriorly  and  crested  on  the  ridge  of  the  trun- 
cation, nearly  as  in  Divis.  Odi/neriis.  But  in  this  case  the  trun- 
cation is  more  oblique,  as  if  impressed  from  behind,  and  the  crest 
rather  pushed  forward  against  the  anterior  margin.  The  tr.mca- 
tion  also  is  not  as  straight  transversely,  but  is  rather  arci.ate. 
In  case  the  scutel  is  truncate,  the  Slcnodijncrus  arc  yet  quite 
distinct  from  Divis.  Odijneru.H,  in  having  the  nietathorax  quite 
convex,  not  widely  excavated,  so  that  the  posterior  face  of  the 
post-scutcl  does  not,  as  in  Odijnerus,  make  a  part  of  the  posterior 
concavity  of  the  ractathorax,  and  besides,  the  aodomen  is  quite 
slender,  spindle-shaped,  the  first  segment  being  funnel-shaped, 
rather  pediculate,  not  wide  and  sessile  as  in  the  Divis.  Odynerua. 

The  mef(Uhora.r,  is  quite  variable.  1st.  Sometimes  produced 
horizontally,  further  than  the  post-scutel,  including  it  behind 
(0.  luctiioHus),  as  in  some  Ancistrocerus  (A.  A-seclus).  2d,  Gene- 
rally not  produced  superiorly,  but  somewhat  produced  under  the 


ODYNERUS 


303 


scutol  before  it  becomes  truncate,  wliich  is  such  that  tbo  post- 
scutol  is  not  touched  by  the  truncation ;  quite  rounded,  without 
lateral  angles,  with  a  rounded,  free,  not  limited  fossetto ;  some- 
times produced  triangularly,  convex,  only  parted  by  a  longitudinal 
or  sulcate  channel.  3d.  Truncate  or  biangulate,  with  a  very  sharp 
cavity  and  lateral  angles  (0.  spinifer),  but  the  post-scutcl  not 
truncate.  Even  when  quite  rounded  posteriorly,  the  metathorax 
does  not  lose  its  lateral  ridges,  which  extend  from  the  posterior 
wing  to  the  articular  valves  of  the  abdomen,  und  which  must  not 
be  confounded  with  the  superior  and  inferior  edges  which  con- 
stitute the  lateral  margin  of  the  concavity,  when  existing. 

The  abdomen  has  also  various  forms :  1st.  In  the  clonjirate- 
cylindrical  type  it  is  elongate  and  cylindrical,  sessile,  but  the  first 
segment  is  bell-shaped,  elongate,  rounded,  not  or  but  slightly 
contracted  anteriorly,  but  not  truncate  ;  as  long  as  wide.  This 
form  is  very  different  from  that  of  Divis.  Odynerus,  where  the  1st 
segment  is  wide,  truncate  anteriorly,  its  superior  face  being 
always  wider  than  long.  2d.  Elongate,  slender,  but  more 
depressed;  the  1st  segment  short,  truncate,  as  in  Odijnerm,  but 
the  post-scutcl  not  truncate  (O.  spinifer).  3d.  More  ovate,  con- 
tracted anteriorly,  the  first  segment  being  small,  cup-shaped, 
rounded,  not  quite  sessile,  often  subpetiolate ;  the  2d  segment 
more  swelled.  4th.  Elongate  spindle-shaped,  quite  slender, 
attenuated  anteriorly  the  same  as  posteriorly;  the  first  segment 
funnel-shaped,  sometimes  elongate  and  subpetiolate. 

The  abdomen  has  a  tendency  to  be  more  produced  than  in 
D'v-=.  Odynerus;  and  the  1st  segment  is  always  more  coarsely 
punctured  than  the  2d,  which  is  just  the  contrary  in  Divis.  Ody- 
nerua.  These  various  forms  make  quite  insensible  transitions 
from  one  to  another,  and  their  various  combinations  make  it  very 
difficult  to  define  the  subdivisions  of  the  group,  so  that  one  must 
pardon  me  if  I  have  not  succeeded  in  rendering  them  distinct 
enough. 

The  table  of  species,  based  on  empirical  characters,  will  perhaps 
help  the  reader  out  of  the  chaos  of  the  very  numerous  species, 
better  than  the  diagnosis  of  the  subdivisions,  and  the  following 
tabic  will  assist  in  distinguishing  tlie  Slenodynerus  from  the 
Divis.  Pachodynerus  and  Odynerus  pr.  diet. 


804 


IIYMENOPTERA    OP   AMKRICA. 


[PAIIT  T. 


A.  Upper  facti  of  thorax  prolonged  beyond   th<»  post-SGutel,  involving  it 
beliind.  Stenoilymrus, 

I).  Thorax  not  prolonged  superiorly  bfliind  the  post  ncntel. 

(7.  Post-scutel  entire,  angulate  behind.  Slenodynerux. 

It.  Post-scutel  truiioate  posteriorly,  liaving  a  posterior  face. 

t  First  abdominal  segment  short,  truncate  anteriorly,  its   superior 

face  wider  than  long.  Odynerus. 

ft  First  abd.  segment  subpedunculate,  funuel-shaped  or  cup-shaped. 

Stenodyiiertts, 

C.  Abdomen  thick,  conical,  widest  anteriorly.  Ody,ierus. 

D.  Abdomen  not  so  conical. 

a.  First  segment  truncate  anteriorly, 
a.  Its  superior  face  wider  than  long. 

*  Post-scutel  truncate  ;  abdomen  ovate-conical.  Odynerus. 

**  Post-scutel  not  truncate  ;  abdomen  slender     1st  segment  more 
punctured  than  t'-    ^d.  Slenodynerus. 

B.  Its  superior  face  about  as  long  as  wide.  Stenodynerus. 

b.  Abdomen    slender,  cylindrical ;    first   segment  bell-shaped,  sessile, 
rounded  anteriorly,  as  long  as  wide.  Stenodynerus. 

c.  Abdomen  more  ovate,  first  segment  smaller,  cup-shaped. 

Stenodynerus. 

d.  Abdomen  slender,  spindle-shaped ;  first  segment  funnel-sliapt'<l. 

Stenodynerus. 

E.  First  abd.  segment  less  punctured  than  the  2d,  jr  equally  punctured 
with  it.  Odynerus. 

F.  First  abd.  segment  more  punctured  than  the  2d  or  equally  with  it. 

Stenodynrrus. 

G.  Post-scutel  entire,  angulate  behind. 
H.  Post-scutel  truncate  posteriorly. 

«.  Abdomen  sessile,  or  subsessile,  truncate  at  base. 

b.  Abdomen  subpedunculate,  1st  segment  funnel-shaped. 


Stenodynerus. 

Odynerus. 

Stenodynerus. 


It  is  almost  superfluous  to  say  that  these  distinctions  arc  not 
matliematical,  nature  always  forming  transitions  which  oblige  us 
to  admit  a  certain  latitude  in  the  exceptions  and  in  the  racaiii'jg 
of  the  deflnitions. 

Table  to  assist  in  the  determination  of  the  Stenodyneri. 

1.  Wings  black,  with  violet  iridescence.  114.  luctuosus. 

1,  1.  Wings  cloudy,  ferruginous,  or  subhyaline.  • 

2.  A  crest  or  two  erect  spines  behind  the  post-scutel. 
3.  Metathorax  strongly  biangulate,  and  bidentate  superiorly. 

112.  spini/er. 

3,  3.  Metathorax  superiorly  margined  with  a  semicircular  ridge. 

113.  araucanus. 


^sss^^^ 


ODYNERUS. 


305 


2,  2.  No  ercot  ppin.-s  on  raetatlio.ax,  behind  the  post-scutel 

3.  Scut.1  .netathorux,  an.l  lirst  segment  orange,  ,vinj.H  ferruginous, 
wuh  tl:    apex  brown.  ns.  £-„^„. 

.^,  J.  Insect  black,  with  yellow  or  liiteous  ornaments. 

4.  PoHt-«outel  black,  truncate  or  crested;    scutel  adorned  with 
yellow.     Small  species  very  slender. 
5.  Metathorax  unarmed. 

a.  Quito  small ;  auteuuffl  and  pleura:  maculate, 

(,  p    J  ^4'J,    nvo/huHS. 

t>,  0.  Larger.     AutennsD  and  pleurae  9  immaculate. 

-   ,  150.  zcinldlus. 

5,5.  Metathorax  having  superiorly  two  small  tubercles;   quite 
small  Hpecies. 

6.  Tubercles    'arge,    dentiform ;    post-scutel   truncate,   not 
crested.  ^r,^     , 

b,  fa.  Tubercles  small.     Post-seutal  crested. 

7.  Tubercles  rounded,  punctured  ;  post-.soutel  crested  ante- 

'■•O'ly.  ir,i  / 

17  w     rp   ,  151.    tiahuus. 

i,  7.    J  ubercles  sharp,  compressed,  very  small. 

8.   Post-scutel  crested  anteriorly.    L'-,2.  olmicus. 
8,8.   Post-scutel  crested  posteriorly.   153.   chla  anecm. 
4,4.  Post.scntel    triangular  or  not  distinctly  truncate,  generally 
with  a  yellow  fascia. 

5.  Scutel  and  post-scutel  orange. 
5,  5.  Scutel  always  black. 

(J.  Post-scutel  crested,  yellow. 

6,  6.  Post-scutel  not  crested. 

7.  Post-scutel  black. 

8.  Thorax  quite  black. 
9.  Only  the  first  segment  margined  with  yellow- 

9,  9.  Segments  2-5  margined  with  yellow. 

8,  8.  Thorax  adorned  with  yellow.  •*"«'"• 

9.  Only  the  first  segment  margined  with  yellow. 

0  o    rn,      „  ^'^■^-   ^^"ftonianus. 

y,  J.  J  he  first  two  segments  adorned  with  yellow. 
10.  Second  segment  with  two  yellow  ^pots. 

T^  ,  l''^2,   Nortonianus. 

lu,  10.  Second  segment  without  yellow  spot. 

7,  7.  Post-scutel  adorned  with  yellow;  the  2d  segment  mar- 
gined with  yellow. 

8.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax  adorned  with  yellow, 

not  its  posterior  margin. 
9.  Margin  of  2d  segment  /ery  strongly  canaliculate 
and  reflexed.  ^i^.  j  tol/ecus. 

QA  120.  I. '/  Toas. 


142.  cohimbaris. 
1  ■'..  Xantianus. 


300 


IIYMENOPTEUA   OP   AMERICA. 


fPART  I. 


9, 9.  Margin  of  2cl  segmeut  uot  canaliculate,  or  only 
slightly  retlexed. 
10.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  two  free  yellow 
spots. 
11.  First  segment  with  two  yellow  spots. 
12.  Tliti  Hpotd  elongate  or  oblique  tascise. 
13.  ^smaller,  very  slender,  cylindrical. 

117.  cuiijbrmia. 
13,13.  Larger,  not  slender.  11(J.  vitijus. 
12, 12.  The  spots  rounded,  or  small,  or  triangular. 
13.  Margiu  of  2d  segmeut  slightly  rullexed. 
121.  (  colleya. 

120.  t  Tous. 

13, 13.  Margiu  of  2d  segment  punctured,  uot  sen- 
sibly rellexed.      119.  auoniiis. 
11, 11.  First  abdominal  segment  without  yellow  spots. 
12.  Post-scutel  bipuuctate  with  yellow. 

132.  Xortonianua. 
12, 12.  Post-scutel  with  a  yellow  band. 

13.  Margiu  of  2d  segment  slightly  rellexed. 

121.  f  collega. 
120.  t  Toas. 

13, 13.  Margin  of  2d  segment  not  rellexed. 

14.  Ornaments  rufous,  feet  rufous,   body 
velutinous.        126.  prophujuus. 
14, 14.  Ornaments  yellow  or  pale  ;  feet  black 
and  yellow,  or  yellow. 
15.  Small ;  ornaments  luteous. 

125.  Kennicottianus. 
15, 15.  Ornaments  yellow. 

16.  Segments  1-4  margined  with  yel- 
low.   Abdomen  ovate. 

119.  (  anormis. 

126.  ^propiii(]uus,vnr, 
16,16.  Segments  1,  2,  4  margined  with 

yellow.  Abdomen  slender. 
17.  Body    much     variegated     with 
orange-yellow;  femora  yellow. 

122.  bacuensis. 

17, 17.  Body  passably  variegated  with 
sulphur-yellow ;  femora  black. 

123.  pedestris. 

10, 10.  Second  abd.  segment  without  free  yellow  spots. 
11.  First  abd.  segment  with  two  yellow  spots  or 
fasciae. 
12.  With  two  oblique  fasciw. 

116.  vagus,  var. 


*if 


ODYNEKUS.  gQ, 

12.12.  Wi!h  two  free  spots.     121.  collega,  v„r. 

13.  Fossette  of  luetathorax  rather  angulate 

superiorly.  ]2;j.    IV^ensis. 

id,  13.  Fossette  of  inetatliorax  rounded. 

nut.-  .  ^^^-  '■"'/''!/"»  i'«''. 

11,11.  i.r.st  a,.d  second  segments  without  free  vel- 
low  spots. 
12.  Only  the  first  two  P.l,d.  Begments  margined 
with  yellow  or  luteous. 
13.  Tibi.-e  and  tarsi  quite  yellow  or  ferrugi- 
nous. 

14.  Rather  large;  margin  of  2d  segment 

'■*''*"^«^d.  121.   cothfja,  rar. 

14. 14.  Smaller,  slender ;  margin  of  2d  segment 

not  reflexed. 
15.  Ornaments   wide,  deep  yellow;    2d 
segment  strongly  punctate. 
128.  jiereiinis. 

15. 15.  Ornaments  narrow,  pale  sulphur-yel- 

low ;  2d  Begments  finely  punctate. 
145.  r   Taittbuijm,  mr. 
148.  J    Miihitunus. 
147.  j    lluro. 
l'^<'-  t   Callepellensis. 

13. 13.  ,Tibi,-B  and  tarsi  Mack,  or  maculate  with 

yellow  or  luteous. 

14.  Insect  not  very  slender;    vnaments  yet- 

low;  abdomen  ovate,  margin  cf  first 
segment  wide,  widened  on  each  side ; 
feet  black.         135.  mt/stecus. 
14, 14.  Insect  slender. 

15.  Ornaments  pale. 

IG.  Abdomen  truncate  at  base ;  meta- 
thorax  superiorly  margined  by 
an  arcuate  crest. 

138.  Araucanus. 

16. 16.  Abd.  spindle  shaped  ;  metatlu  ax 

not  crested  superiorly.    Yellow 
margins  quite  narrow. 

144.  /  ciii/o/m,  var 
146.  <  priiiuosuf. 
143.  ^  totoiKicu.i,  var. 

15.15.  Ornaments  yellow;    first  abd.  seg- 

ment rather  sessile,  square  above, 
rugose.  IM.jiyitlus. 

12, 12.  More  than   two  segments  margined  with 
yellow. 
13.  Segments  1,  2,  4  margined  with  yellow. 


m 


oU8 


IIYMKNOITEUA   OF    AMERICA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


14.  Mftutlinrax  rouKh,  rather  !ln^uliltu ;  .'ith 

begiueul  iiiiiigiui'il  witli  yellow. 

12!).    '{'fxensis,  var. 

14, 14.  Metathorax  rouixl^d,  nitlier  rough  ;  fiih 

aeguiuut  uot  uiar^ined. 

127.   /'eiinsi/lrdnlciis. 

13, 13.  The  third  Rt-gtiieiit  luurgiiit-d  with  yt'llnw. 

14.  The  t'ulluwiiig  rtegiiieiitH  margined  \miIi 

,,  147.  I  IIiiio. 

yellow.  V 

•  135.  t  tnijslecm, 

14, 14.  Segmeiitrt  1-4  uiargiiied  with  yellow. 
15.  iMiirgiii  of  2d  tit-guieiit  ratlier  if  ilexed. 
121.  culleija,  var. 
15, 15.  Margin  of  2d  segiuuut  uot  retlexed. 
10.  Only  the   ^eguleut    1-4  $,  1-5   '^ 
inai'ginud  with  yellow. 
17.  Body  elongate;  uhdoiuen  cylin- 
drical ;  nietalhorax  depressed, 
flattened.   130.  fusciculiihis. 
17,17.  lidily  not  so  sleniler;  ahdonien 
more  ovate,  contracted  at  base ; 
luetnthorax  HJiort,  rounded. 
133.   Victor  id', 
16, 1'i.  All  the  segments  margined  with 
yellow. 
17.  Ornaments  Inteons  ;  anns  black. 
125.  f  Keiniicotliuniis. 
i:^.  \  Incn. 
17,17.  Ornaments  yellow. 

18.  All  the  margins  wide;  anns 
yellow.  137.  mai/iis. 
18, 18.  The  last  margins  narrow;  anns 

,  ,     ,        ]33.  (  Viclorice. 
black.  {   , 

134.  I  tnra. 

8,  8.  Posteriipf  margin  of  protliorax  adorned  with  yellow, 
and  often  also  its  anterior  margin  qnite  black. 
9.  A  free  spot  on  each  side  of  the  2d  al)<l.  segment. 

12(j.  pri'pinqnm. 
9,  9.  No  free  spot  en  the  2d  segment. 

10.  Quite  slender ;  only  tlie  first  two  segments  mar- 
gined with  pale  sulphur-yellow. 
11.  Feet  black  ;  tibiae  often  maculate  with  yellow. 
Small.  143.  totonacus. 

Very  small.  14t.  coyoliis. 

11,11.  Tibia;  and  tarsi  fulvous.    1-J5.   Tuculiai/(t. 
10,10.  Not  so  slender,  abd.  more  ovate;   all  the  seg- 
ments margined  with  yellow. 
11.  Metathorax    rugose,   reticulately   rugose    or 
punctate. 


OIiYNEllUS. 


301) 


12.  Body  rulvo-volntfnon<« ;  prntliorax  ntid  flr-it 
wt^S'iut'iit  ]n)rtteri()ily  well  iiiiir^iiii'il  with 
yellow  ;  wiiig.s  tuirugiiidus  on  iIih  aiiteiior 
('(ige,  y.V,),   olomiliin, 

12, 12.  Hoily  ariiHiiteo-seiiceiis  ;  jnotlionix  niul  1st 
st'iiiiit'iit  vt'cy  imnowly  iiiiui,'iiu'(l,oi(jiiilH 
l)I;K;k  ;  2il  sfuiiifiit  widHly  iimrgiiUMl ; 
wiiiits  clomly.  141.   I'liimti, 

11,11.  Mi'tatlidr.'ix  imiictato,  not  r-o  rni,'0SH  ;   wing.i 
suioky.  ,       13ti.  hiiastccus. 


yellow, 
Ihlack. 

[Ulfllt. 


1  yellow, 
■the  seg- 


Uescription  of  the  fpecies. 

I.    Mrtaihora.r  hn>'h\(j  ifn  j>oyfcrior  jilttlc  suprrioi'h/  Irrnu'na'id 
by  two  erect  leeth,  or  by  an  erect  crest. 

A.  Metnlhorax  vol  prohnnjrd  beijond  the.  pnsf-srutrl,  hut  truncate 
at  its  apr.r,  2i'>sleri(n'li/  excavated,  aix/ulalc  vn  each  side; 
the  superior  edges  oj' the  2>o.ste7-ior  plate  tenninatiitfj  in  two 
erect  s}nnes,  which  are  separated  from  the  post-scutel  bij 
deep  fissures. 

This  type  establishes  the  passnj^o  from  llic  trnc  Odijncrus  to 
the  Sfenodynerus.  Tlie  mctathorax  continue  to  bo  ronned  as  in 
the  Odyncrus  propr,  diet.,  angular  and  .sharp,  but  the  po.st-seutel, 
instead  of  being  transversely  truneatc  and  crested,  advance's 
angularly  between  the  spines  of  niotathorax,  and  is  not  sensiljjy 
truncate.  The  first  abdominal  segment  is  short  and  truncate 
anteriorly.  The  other  characters  arc  quite  those  of  Htenodyneru>i: 
Head  rounded  and  convex;  body  slender,  rather  cylindrical,  the 
first  abdominal  segment  more  punctate  than  the  rest  of  the 
abdomen. 

113«  O.  spinifer  Sauss. — Oracillimus,  olongatus ;  clypeo  piriforini, 
pnnctato,  apice  arcuato-truncato,  biangulato.  Caimt,  thorax  et  alilo- 
niiiiis  primam  segmentum,  teiiuittr  (Jeiise  punctata.  Thorax  coiivexus, 
antice  liaudcoarctatus,  teuuitercristato-marginatus ;  scutellis  deplanati.s  ; 
post-scutello  trigonal!,  apice  hand  v«l  obsolete  truncatn ;  metanoto 
postice  oblique  ♦■xcavato,  canthis  Internlihm  valde  acntis,  titrinque 
dt'iitem  efficientibus ;  foveola  strigata,  rugosa;  c.anthia  inferis  aculis, 
valvis  articulationis  latis  ;  canthis  superis  obsoletis,  superne  pone  post- 
scutf  Hum  in  spinas  2  erectas  elongatas  pxcurrentibus.  Abdonicn  sub- 
velutinum  ;  primo  segmento  brevi,  latitndincj  fere  f  ecundo  lequali,  an- 
tice rotundato,  truncate, superne  per  sujcum  partite  ;  secuude  elongate; 


leose    or 


810 


IIYMENOI'TKUA    OP   AMKIIK'A. 


[I'AlvT  T. 


SHgmentia  2-6  tpiinisHimH  iJiiiiotatiri.  Cdrpiis  iiixnim ;  mnnilibnlnrinn 
a|)ice,  teguliii,  tlbiis  taisisqu«,  f»<rnigln«i:t ;  puiu^tin  2  in  miiiiimh)  il.viifo, 
luiuoto  frontjili,  pmioto  utiiii(|Un  iMwl-CKUiliiii,  »il  iiltfro  in  oiiilomni  jsinu, 
proiioti  linHa  antica  inttiiTnpUi,  niauiila  Hiilmlari,  puncto  utiiininH  in 
luetanoti  (lentil'Uii  latHialibuii  nbdouiiuixquu  HeginHntornm  1',  2'  faMuia 
nngusta,  tiavid  vul  lutuitt.  Aliri  fusuo-nubulosit) ;  vuuio  fusuid,  tegulis 
flavo-pu«ctatl«  9.— Longit.  10  niui. ;  alae,  7.5iuni. 

Odyn.  upim/er  Saosb.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  X,  1858,  1C8,  J . 

liess.  a.  tlijf. — In  this  HitccioH  tlio  distribution  of  tlio  colors  Is 
very  chnractt'ristic.  Tlio  Kciitcl  and  post-seiitcl  ccjulinuc!  Idack, 
nlthough  thcro  is  a  yrllovv  spot,  imdcr  tiio  wing.  Tlio  yiilow 
sjiots  arc  all  (luito  Puiall  and  tlio  liands  quite  narrow.  TIicso 
oriianu'nts  aro  whitish  ou  the  head  and  thorax,  more  yellowish  on 
the  ai)domon. 

This  OihjncrvH  roscmblcs  O.  srutcJlnris  by  its  motathoraclc 
erect  spines,  but  the  forms  aro  (juite  din'ercnt;  the  post-.scutel  i.s 
not  tran.svcrsely  truncate;  tlio  aljilonien  is  more  cylindrical;  and 
it  is  the  Kst  segment  which  is  the  most  strongly  j)unctate,  just 
the  contrary"  of  what  oiipeara  in  scute.llaris ;  the  head  is  more 
rounded,  more  convex;  the  metathorax  moro  excavated,  but  its 
concavity  is  snmller;  the  livery  is  quite  dilTercut. 

Hah.  Brazil,  Para. 


B.  Metathorax  truncate,  excavated;  svpcrinrhj  n^arginrd  hj  an 
arcuate  rulge,  rather  crenulate,  separated  on  eack  side  from 
post-seulel  by  a  fissure. 

113.  O.  Araiicaniis  SAUrss,— Parvnlna,  niger,  gracillimus,  cribri  in- 
star  punctatus  ;  pronoto  valde  angnlato ;  metanoto  superne  cristulato  ; 
liuea  scapi,  puucto  fruiitali  et  subalari,  tc^^uhuuin  marginibus,  litura 
angusta  pronuti  margiulB  aiitiui  et  podt-scutelli,  uuo  uou  fasciis  2  abdo- 
minis, albidis.   9' 

Odyn.  Araucdnus  Sacss.  Reiae.  Oester.  Fregatte,  Novara.  Hymenop.  14, 
13,flg.  8,  9. 

Total  l«ngih,  8  mm. ;  wing,  5  mm. 

9 .  Small,  slender,  cylindrical ;  head  and  thorax  densely  punc- 
tate; abdomen  rather  more  finely  punctate.  Head  excavated 
posteriorly.  Prothorax  having  its  angles  very  sharp.  Meta- 
thorax almost  vertically  truncate,  rugose  on  its  superior  part; 
its  hinder  face  much  excavated ;  the  excavation  almost  polished, 


OPYNERUS. 


•^n 


nonrly  forming  on  ouch  side  a  sort  of  nnglc,  acutely  nmr<rifmtc 
superiorly  in  un  arc  of  ii  circle;  the  iniirj^in  ronu'li,  slightly 
elevated  l)eliin(l  tlic  post-senlel,'  creiiiilute,  separatid  from  post- 
scutel  l)y  a  lissuro.  Alxionieii  cylindrical;  tho  lirnt  tsc^juieiit 
rather  elongate,  anteriorly  rounded-tnincato. 

IJlack,  shining;  mandibles,  apex  of  tho  tarsi,  and  antcnnic 
beneath,  fcrrugiin)us ;  a  lino  on  tlie  scape  beneath,  a  frontal  and 
l>ost-<)cular  spot,  anterior  nnirgin  of  pnjthorax,  two  spots  on  the 
nuirgin  of  tho  tcgnlu;,  post-leguke,  one  or  two  spots  under  tho 
wings,  a  lino  Xtu  i  ost-scutol,  and  tho  margin  (jf  tlio  hrst  two  abdo- 
minal segments,  lutcous.  Foot  black,  AVings  sub' yalino,  tho 
nerves  brown. 

idc.N'.s.  a.  (Jiff. — It  much  rosomblos  AncUlr.  scabriunvulua,  but  l.s 
distinct  by  its  abdomen,  without  suture. 

Hub.  Chili  (Musoum  of  Viouna). 


lop.  14, 


punc- 

avated 

Mota- 

part ; 

11  shed, 


C.  Form  vot  very  alendor.  M'iothorax  'produced  horizonlaUij 
brijond  the  poKl-sculfl ;  tluui  Vi'rliculbj  truncate;  the  j)U{i(' 
Hcutcl  quite  cncclopcd  b>/  it  poderiorhj,  not  reach ing  up  to 
the  cd(je  of  the  posterior  face  of  mdulhorax  ;  the  poderior 
face  of  metathorax  auperiurbj  icn.iinaliiKj  in  an  creel  crest, 
imrledby  a  fismre.     Vertex  in  9  haviwj  two  pilose  tubercles. 

This  type  is  in  tho  Stenodi/ncrus,  the  corresponding  represen- 
tative of  the  type  of  A.  i-seclus,  in  the  Slenancistrocerus.  It 
has  also  the  metathorax  prolonged  and  tho  vertex  nrmed  with 
two  piloso  tubercles.  IJut  tho  aljdomon,  although  polished  in  the 
same  way,  is  much  contracted  at  base. 

114.  O.  luctuosiis  Sacp!'.— Validus,  ater,  nigopns,  nigro  pilosus ; 
clypeuii  piiiforuiis,  paulum  punctatu.s,  apice  piviilum  emarginalus,  l)i- 
(tentatus.  Caput  et  thorax  crasse  puuutata,  rugosissime  secuiidiiiu 
loiigitudinem  elevato-stiigata;  vertice  cirria  2  pilorum  iiigronim  iii- 
etructo,  pronoto  ciistato-iuaigiiiato,  aiigulato ;  scutello  lievi,  nitido, 
sparse  punctate;  post-stuitello  depresso,  iutegro;  uietatliorace  nigo- 
sissimo,  transverse  elevato-striato,  iieo  uou  utrinque  sulitus  aicuato- 
strigato,  velutiuo  et  longe  uigro-  vel  cinereo-piloso,  pone  post-scutellum 
producto,  dein  truncato ;  postice  tautuiu  iu  medio  foveolato,  grosse 
strigato;  sed  iu  sumuio,  supra  foveolam  in  cristulani  producto,  trans- 
versam  crenatam,  in  medio  divisain.  Abdomen  nitidissimum,  sparse 
punctatum ;  priuio  segmento  Ijasi  truncato  valde  angnstiore  quaui  se- 
cundum; sec  undo  supra  in  tuberculuiu  tumuscente. — Linea  mandibu- 
laruui,  maculae  2  laterales  ulypei,  linea  in  anteunarum  scapo  et  maoulau. 


312 


IIYMEXOPTERA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[part  I, 


2  niagnjc  in  basi   seenndi  abdominis   segiuenti,  albidsB.     Alio   uigro- 
violaceae. — Longit.  20  luui. ;  alse,  17  mm. 

Odijn.  luctnosus  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  220,  114  (1854). 

This  Odyncrus  has  many  characters  in  common  with  the  O. 
i-fiecti(s ;  tubercle  of  2d  segment  (here  much  m  ro  dcvehiped) ; 
form  of  clyi)eus,  brush  of  vertex,  superior  termination  of  meta- 
tliorax  ;  but  it  dilfers  from  it  by  the  strong  rugosities,  by  the  form 
of  the  strite  of  the  head  and  thorax,  and  by  its  metathorax  wliieli 
offers  no  trace  of  latero-superior  ridges,  so  that  the  lateral  ridges 
are  continued  with  the  inferior  ridges,  in  forming  lateral  trenchant, 
but  not  acute  angles. 

The  first  abdominal  segment  is  n  little  funnel-shaped,  truneato. 
The  inaxilliiry  palpi  have  the  2d  article  long  and  slender,  and  the 
last  three  (juite  small,  allhotigh  longer  taken  together  than  the  .3d. 

The  two  spots  of  the  abdomen  might  cause  this  Odynerus  to 
be  taken  for  the  O.  bidcns,  if  its  form  and  punctuation  were  not 
wholly  diilerent. 

Ilab.  America.    Which  part,  not  known. 


II.  3Ictathorax  not  forming  crcri  spines  or  crrstn  behind  (he 
post-scutd.  lis  superior  face  not  produced  behind  (he  jmst' 
scutel.  litis  lad  not  pottteriorli/  truncate,  but  anjular. 
Post-scutel  (jenerally  yellow,  scutel  usually  black'. 

The  great  number  o'"  species  composing  this  grf)up,  and  the 
intimate  relations  which  they  Lear  to  each  other,  make  me 
doubtful  of  my  success  in  defining  them  with  certainty — The 
species  are  all  of  moderate  or  small  size. 

1.  Bod\i  slender,  cylindrical.  Concavity  of  the  me(a(horax 
wide,  sometimes  rather  di.'^dncdy  liniiled.  Fird  abdominal 
segnu^nt  bell-.<haped,  rather  elomjaie,  widely  rounded  ante- 
riorly, xessile,  or  subsessile.  Thorax  rather  elouyate, 
vaulted,  subcylindrival. 

(Group  of  0.  cotijormis.) 

This  group  represents  the  true  Htenodynerus  with  elongate, 
slender,  cylindrical  forms  Among  the  Stenancidrocerus  this 
has  quite  a  corresponding  facies  in  the  group  oi  A.fulvijies,  so  that 
one  may  find  it  difficult  to  distinguish  some  of  the  corresponding 


*>|IVNKIIUS. 


3 1 ;{ 


species  of  both  series.  Thus  0.  vayns  scoiiis  nearly  of  a  form 
with  A.  fuhriix's,  iu  which  the  suture  of  the  lirat  abd.  segment 
sliould  disappear. 


A.  Metathorax  dightly  prolonged  under  (he  posl-scufel  beijond 
it,  being  truniate  before;'  its  coneavitij  margined  icilh 
i^harj)  edgeti,  neai'ly  ungulate  on  each  aide. 

a.  Ahfhiiien  slender,  cylindrical ;  first  segment  as  wide  as  the  second,     Bodif 

velvety. 

115.  O.  Enyo— Gracilis,  elongatus  et  angnatufl,  or  ..i;  >  velutinns  ; 
clypeo  9  piriformi,  puuotato,  apice  biaugulato  ;  capit  «;t  tuorice  grosse 
cribratis  ;  proiioto  biangulato  ;  metaiioto  graimloso,  pn  '  po  t-,jcutelliun 
foveolato-truncato  ;  ejus  foveola  rotundata  margiuibus  arcuati.s,  liebet 
atis  pnnctatisque  circuoidatrk ;  cautbis  inferis  utrinque  dente  duplice 
instructia  ;  abdomine  vaiiJe  tlongato,  angusto  ;  dense  punotato  et  velu- 
tiiio;  priino  segmento  magno,  eloiigato,  basi  truncato,  supra  fere  pariter 
loiigo  qiiain  lato,  grossa  cribrato  et  iu  longitudinem  per  canalic.nlum 
ob.-olHtutn  partito. — Niger ;  ore,  capite  abdoiniiiisque  segmeutis  3-G, 
obscure  ferrugineis  ;  clypeo,  thoraco  et  abd.  secundo  segmento  iiigris  ; 
teguli;},  post-.scutello,  inetanoto,  abdomiui.i  priino  segmento  et  per'.ibus, 
aurantiis;auteunis  aurantiis  ;  basiferrugineia  ;  alia  Uavis,  parte  apicali 
nigra.     Longit.  12  mm. 

%.  Minor;  metanoti  cantbis  paulo  distinctioribus  macula  frontali  et 
clypeo,  flavis  ;  hoc  angusto  polygonal),  bidentato;  aatennls  uncinatis, 
aurantiis. 

Odyn.   Enyo  Lep.  St.  Faro.   Hymrn.   II,  648,  33  (1841),— Sahps.  Et. 

Vespid.  I,  J85,  81.— Sacjra's   Hist,  de  Cuba,  Ina.  770.— Chbsson, 

Philad.  Entom.  Proceed.  IV,  1805,  1G5. 
Odyn.  eleijans  (iOEK.  Icon.  Regu.  Auim.  Ins.  44t),  pi.  72,  fig.  5  (1842). 

Hub.  Cuba. 

B.  Metathorax  scarcely,  or  not  distinctly  produced  tinder 
the  post'Scutel,  beyond  it. 

a.    Ahdomen  elonynte,  cylindrical,  with  the  Ist  segment  as  icide  as  the  2il, 
d'jiigate,  or  oroid-elongatP  with  the  1st  segment  a  little  narrower,  rounded. 

*  Thf  Itit  and  2d  aMominal  segments  each  ailnrned  irith  two  yellow  ttpots,  or/oKcue 
beMiie  thi'ir  miirgtniil /ii>iH<i. 

iCiservation.—Thvise  spots  are  often  wanting,  particularly  in  O.  tohtcns.) 

'  Tbis   type  Audi  in  the  Stenancislrocerua  ita  correaponding   type  iu 
Stenanc.  hitirio. 


314 


IIYMENOI'TEBA   OF    i?>  MEIlirA. 


[part  I. 


/.-> 


/ 


1 1<>.  O.  vagus  S'auss. — Kloiigatus,  g.-aeilis,  piinotatissimus ;  llavo- 
vaiiei;aturi  ;  alxlomiiiiH  seguiKiitia  1-2,  .'el  1-4,  llavo-limbatis  ;  primo 
insiiper  fascia  internipta  flava*,  secuuio  puuctis  'I  liberia  liavif),  luar- 
gine  subcaualioulato,  crassius  punctate,  9- 


^jL 


C  )l  HI iilL 


f 


(Jdijn.  vagus  Sauss.  Ueviie  et  Mag.  de  ilool.  IX,  1857,  277,  J. 
Total  length,  11-12  mm. ;  wing,  5)  mm. 


Ol 


ei 


> 


9.  The  whole  insect  coarsely  punctured.  Head  wider  than 
hijrli.  Clypeus  inriform,  suljbidentiite.  rrolhora.\  slightly 
aiigulate.  Metathorax  not  very  rugose  superiorly,  presenting  on 
each  side  of  post-scutel  a  little  flat  i)lace;  its  posterior  lace 
excavated,  but  the  Ibssette  not  margined  by  ridges ;  the  margins 
(juite  rounded  and  rugose.  First  abdominal  segment  rounded 
anteriorly,  cribrose  with  coar.se  punctures,  which  continue  at  sdiuo 
distance  on  the  anterior  face;  2d  segment  very  little  wider  ilian 
the  first,  quite  cril)rose  with  punctures,  not  quite  so  coarse  as  on 
the  first  segment,  except  on  the  margin,  wheie  they  become  just 
as  coarse;  the  margin  is  also  very  slightly  caaaliculate.  Beneath, 
the  '2d  and  .'3d  segments  are  cribrose  with  large  punctures,  which 
are  variable  or  effaced. 

IJlack.  Antenna)  black,  with  a  yellow  lino  on  the  scape.  An 
arcuate  line  on  the  summit  of  clypeus,  a  macula  at  base  of  man- 
dibles, a  frontal  spot,  a  spot  on  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and  a  post- 
ocular  line,  yellow.  Two  spots  on  ])rothorax  (or  a  submarginal 
interrupted  bi-arcuate  band),  a  spot  under  the  wing,  tegulaj,  and 
their  appendix,  a  band  on  the  post-scutel,  and  the  edges  of  meta- 
tliorax,  bright  yellow.  Tlie  3d-4th  abdominal  segments  narrowly 
margined  with  yellow,  the  2d  more  broadly;  the  1st  segment 
adorned  in  addition  with  two  oblique  lateral  lines  (or  an  inter- 
rupted transverse  fascia  on  its  middle,  near  the  base),  and  the  2d 
with  two  lateral  yellow  or  rufous  spots.  The  margin  of  the  first 
wider  in  the  middle,  narrower  on  the  side. 

Legs  black:  knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  yellow  or  ferrugin jus. 
Wings  subhyaline  or  smoky. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  black,  with  two  yellow  dots  on  its  summit  and 
often  two  at  its  apex,  or  yellow,  with  a  black  triangle. 

b.  All  the  abdominal  segments  margined  with  yellow. 

0.   Only  the  first  two  segments  margined  with  yellow. 

d.  The  edge  of  2d  segment  u  little  rellexed. 


\q     Vc  vva     I 


i 


0DYNERU8. 


315 


e.  The  yellow  maculfl3  of  metathorax  quite  variable,  forming 
two  Hues  or  fuur  spots,  or  only  marking  the  inferior  edges. 

/.  A  yellow  siK)t  on  the  niesothorax  Ijeforo  the  seutel. 

g.  Prothorax  with  a  eoni}>lete  yellow  margin  or  with  four  spots. 

h.  The  spots  on  the  2d  segment  very  small  (or  wanting?). 

i.  Ornaments  passing  into  ferruginous. 

%.  Unknown. 

^t-.s.-,-.  a.  diff. — This  species  has  quite  the  appearance  of  Anriff- 
troceras  fulvipvs  and  ssecnlarU,  although  without  suture  on  the 
1st  segment.  But  these  two  species  must  not  be  taken  as  acci- 
dental varieties  of  the  same.  O.  vagus  has  the  thorax  not  so 
cylindrical,  shorter,  a  little  wider  anteriorly,  and  in  the  middle, 
narrower  behind;  the  1st  abdominal  segment  is  more  rounded, 
more  depressed  at  base ;  the  2d  segment  is  also  a  little  wider, 
which  makes  the  abdomen  not  so  cylindrical ;  the  whole  insect  is 
not  so  coarsely  punctured  in  vagus,  especially  on  the  clypeus ; 
and  the  2d  segment  is  more  finely  punctured  than  the  1st,  while 
in  fuldpes  and  sseculari><,  the  clypeus  and  2d  segments  are 
generally  as  coarsely  punctured  as  the  rest,  although  there  exist 
some  differences  in  the  various  specimens.  It  greatly  resembles 
O.  oculatus  in  its  livery,  but  the  1st  abdominal  segment  is  larger, 
with  more  elongate  yellow  linc!^,  not  spots,  etc. — It  approximate^ 
still  more  to  0.  conformi>i  (Comp.  this  species). 

Hab.  United  States,  New  York  (K.  Norton),  Illinois  (B.  D 
Walsh),  Tennessee  (E.  F.  Falconnet).  ^'^ 


/ 


X 


/ 


/A  7 


111.  O.  conformis  SArss.— O.  vago  simillimiis,  at  minor,  gracilior,  J,,  ,  ^^  /,<,/'/.      ' 

magis  cyliiidriiii8,  crassius  punctatun  ;  clypeo  9  cras-sissiine  cribrato- 
punctato,  metaiioto  valilH  nigoso,  primo  abdominis  seguiento  ba.si  tniu- 
cato.  in  cantho  rngoso ;  20  seginnnto  crassius  punctato,  margine  lugo- 
sissimo,  reflexo ;  iiig«T,  flavo-vari»»gatus ;  clypeo  flavo-4-punotato,  vhI  '■'■ 
fascia  ant  lineolis  2  tlavis  ;  abdomiiiis  segmentis  lO,  2°  solia  flavo-iiiar- 
ginauB,  l^utriuquf  uisuperfaatiaobliqua,  2-  utrinque  macula flava.    J. 

Odyu  amformis  Sapss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  219,  112,  9  var.  (1854). 

Total  length,  10  mm.  ;  wing,  7  mm. 

5 .  A  species  quite  approximating  to  O.  vagus,  but  smaller, 
more  skndtir,  more  eloiigate,  <|uite  eylindrieal,  and  the  first  abd. 
seirment  lonecr  than  wide.  The  punctures  co.irse ;  the  ornaments 
HMrty  idK  M«e. — This  sspecies  still  more  resembles  the  0.  ful- 
vipe*;  i\  has  much  of  its  elongate-cylindrical  form  and  rugose 


^ 


f-t' 


'-J 


llcl^W^- 


1 


^Km 


816 


IIYMENOPTERA   OP  AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


punctures,  but  the  1st  abdomiual  segment  has  no  suture  and  is 
smaller. 

Head  orl)icuIar  or  even  higher  than  wide;  the  antenna)  inserted 
almost  below  its  middle.  Clypous  shining,  very  coarsely  cribrosc. 
Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctate;  nietathorax  a  little  elongate, 
very  rough ;  its  concavity  deep ;  the  upper  checks  more  convex 
and  prominent  than  in  vagus;  the  lateral  ridges  not  so  much 
pronounced.  Abdomen  elongate  and  cylindrical,  very  coarsely 
punctured,  especially  the  edge  of  the  2d  8eg;nent,  which  is  rather 
strongly  reflexcd;  the  flrst  segment  truncate  at  base,  not  so  much 
rounded  as  in  0.  vagus,  forming  a  transverse  rugose  edge  ;  the 
rugosities  sometimes  resembling  a  vestige  of  a  suture. 

The  livery  is  just  the  same  as  in  O.  vagus,  but  the  segments 
3-5  of  the  abdomen  have  no  yellow  margin ;  the  clypeus  generally 
has  two  yellow  lines  near  the  top  and  the  disk  of  metathorax  a 
basal  yellow  spot,  la  the  southern  provinces  the  wings  become 
rather  cloudy. 

%.   Unknown. 

Eess.  a.  diff. — This  should  bo  compared  with  0.  pedestris, 
perennis,  Kfuyncotianus,  and  anormis. 

Hab.  The  United  States,  New  York  (E.  Norton),  Tennessee 
(Fuchs). 

lis.  O.  Toltecns  Sacss. — Niger,  gracilis,  cylindrica8,cr.i9sepnnctatu3, 
fulvo-pittus  ;  abdoiuiiiis  segiiieiitis  1°,  20  flavo-liuibatis,  utrinquo  flavo- 
bipmictatis  ;  seciiTidi  inargine  uiaxime  caualiculato,  uaxime  redexo.— 
%  vertioe  tuberculato. 

Odyn.  Tollecun  Sacss.  Revue  et  Mag.  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  277. 

Total  length,  10  lum. ;  Tviiig,  7  mm. 

Form  as  in  0.  vagus.     Body  elongate,  slender,  and  cylindrical. 

Head  orbicular.  Clypeus  finely  punctured,  pyriform,  termi- 
nat'-d  Ity  a  very  small  edge.  Thorax  elongate,  convex;  prothorax 
slifrhtly  angnlate  ;  post-scutel  slightly  carinated  transversely. 
Metathorax  narrow,  excavated;  the  cavity  strongly  punctured, 
margined  hiforiorly  by  two  little  converging  carinoe ;  the  edges 
rounded,  not  sharp  superiorly.  The  upper  lateral  spine  of  the 
articulation  elongate;  the  inferior  one  triangular  on  the  nmrgin 
of  the  articular  cavity,  llend,  thorax,  and  first  segment  of  the 
abdomen,  cribrose  with  coarse  punctures;  the  following  segments 


oi)Ynek:s. 


317 


more  finely  punctured.  Abdunon  cylindrical,  the  first  soifiiicnt 
in  I'orni  of  an  eluMf^ale  bell,  as  wide  as  tlie  second,  rounded  ante- 
riorly, with  a  feeble  depression  above;  the  second  constricted  at 
base;  its  posterior  edj?e  very  deeply  and  sudtlenly  caiudiciilate, 
with  its  margin  very  strongly  redexed,  like  an  erect  lamella;  the 
very  deep  channel  very  coarsely  punctured.  The  other  segments 
finely  punctured,  not  redexed. 

Black.  A  ferruginous  spot  at  l)ase  of  the  antenna? ;  a  frontal 
t^pot,  a  dot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  at  a  post-ocular  spot,  a.sul)- 
niarginal  fascia  on  the  anterior  edge  of  the  prothorax,  a  spot 
under  the  wing,  nuirgin  of  teguhu,  a  spot  on  niesothorax  before 
the  scutel,  post-scutel,  and  inferior  edges  of  metathorax,  dull 
ferruginous  or  yellowish.  The  first  two  abdominal  segments 
margined  with  a  regular  yellow  band,  and  adorned  near  the  base, 
each  with  two  lateral  yellow  or  ferruginous  spots ;  the  spots  of 
the  first  segment  a  little  obliiiuc.  Feet  black;  knees  and  tarsi 
beneath  ferruginous,  or  yellowish.  "NVings  subhyaline,  nerves 
fuscous. 

Var.  a.  Prothorax  with  only  two  yellow  spots  ;  disk  of  nieso- 
thorax not  spotted. 

b.  The  free  spots  of  the  1st  and  2d  segments  of  the  abdomen 
wanting. 

%.  Smaller.  Tertex  having  a  large  double  tubercle;  this  is 
flattened  and  polished,  parted  by  a  groove.  C'lypeus  polygonal, 
longer  than  wide,  yellow,  terminated  Ity  two  acute  teeth.  Scape 
of  antenna}  beneath,  inner  orl)its  and  frontal  spot,  yellow.  Hook 
of  the  antenna!  black.  Mandil)les  with  a  yellow  line.  Second 
abdominal  segment  slightly  swelled;  the  free  spots  of  the  first 
two  segments  often  wanting  in  the  small  specimens,  especially 
those  of  the  2d  segment.  Tilna;  and  tarsi  yellowisl'.-ferruginous. 
Metathorax  generally  black,  except  the  valves  of  the  articnlatioii. 

Var.  In  small  specimens  the  tubercles  of  the  vertex  are  (luile 
obsolete. — The  males  are  sometimes  very  small.  Length,  7  mm. ; 
wing,  5  mm. 

licss.  a.  iliff. — This  species  has  intermediate  forms  between  O. 
rnrjus  and  O.  conformii^ ;  it  is  a  little  nnu'e  elongate  and  slender 
than  the  first;  a  little  less  than  the  second.  It  is  very  neatly 
characterized  by  the  strong  ditferenee  of  form  of  its  2d  al)d.  seg- 
ment, the  edge  of  which  is  extraordinarily  deeply  and  narrowly 
canaliculated  as  in  no  other  species,  except  Aiw  id  rover  us  Aridse; 


318 


HYMKNOPTERA    OF    AMKKIPA. 


[part  I. 


Ir.i' 


?M 

1 

the  marjrin  being  quite  a  high  crest.  In  O.  conformis  it  is  only 
slightly  roflexed  and  a  little  eaiuilieulated,  l)ut  not  making  a  sliarp 
deep  channel  as  in  O.  Bravo.  The  tubercle  of  the  head  of  tlie 
males  is  also  very  characteristic.  (We  notice  that  such  are  found 
in  other  species  with  strong  canaliculate  2d  segment  as  Ancistro- 
cerus  luberculiccps.) 

f/ab.  The  temperate  Mexico.  I  caught  13  specimens  in  the 
valleys  of  the  Sierra  Madre  and  near  Mextitlan. 

119,  O.  anormis  Say. — Niger,  valde  punctatus,  abdominis  20  seg- 
lUtiuto  satis  elongato,  luargiue  fortius  puuctato ;  priino  ciipuliforini ; 
capitis  puiictis,  pronoti  margine  antico,  tegulis,  macula  aubalari,  post- 
scutello,  metanoti  aiigulis,  abdominis  segmentorum  limbo,  neo  iion 
secundi  maculis  2,  aavis.— 'J.  Clypeo,  maudibulis,  anteuuis  subtus, 
flavis. 

Eumenes  annrmis^  Sat,  Long's  2d  Exped.  1824,  Append.  78  (11,  346,  3), 

9  (non  ^).— Say's  Eiuomol.  (Lb  Conte),  I,  234,  3  J  (nou  ^).— 

Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  232;  III,  340,  225. 
Odyn.  anormis  Say,  Boston  Journ.  I,  1837,  387,  5.— Say's  Eutomol.  (Lb 

Contb),  II,  767;  5. 
Rhjnchium  anorme  Sadss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  184. 
Oilyn.  oculalus  Sat,  Boston  Journ.  I,  1837,  385,  2  'J  . — Say's  Entomol. 

Lb  Conte),  II,  766,  2. — Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  219,  113,  ^. — Cuesso.v 

Amer.  Ent.  Trans.  I,  1867,  387,  23. 
Odyn.  persecutor  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  Ill,  256, 133,  pi.  xiv,  fig.  1,  J  «  (1854). 

.Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  7^  mm. 

Pronotum  wide,  its  angles  sharp;  post-scutel  not  elevated; 
metathorax  having  its  lateral  ridges  sharp,  but  its  cavity  not 
bordered  by  sharp  edges,  nor  with  well-defined  limits.  Abdomen 
ovalo-conical ;  its  first  segment  cup-shaped,  not  so  wide  as  the 


*  There  can  be  no  doubt,  whatever,  about  the  identity  of  this  spncies 
with  0.  oculatus  9)  >t  being  very  well  described  by  Say.  He  called  it 
atwnnis,  because  it  has  not  the  form  of  Eumenes,  and  he  only  classed  it  in 
this  penus  because  of  the  similar  structure  of  its  mouth,  being  unaware 
that  these  two  genera  are  not  tn  be  separately  distinguished  by  the  mouth. 
And  further  he  says  (Bost.  Journ.),  "  It  is  like  the  Oculatus  Say.'  Besides, 
he  took  his  female  specimen  for  a  male,  which  made  him  find  si  oae  differ- 
ence from  Oculatus,  which  was  described  from  a  male. 

*  In  some  copies  the  antennae  have  been  painted  all  yellow,  by  nn.<take. 
The  yellow  color  ia  only  to  be  seen  beneath  when  developed  uud^^r  the 
flagellum. 


ODYNERUS. 


319 


seg. 


2d;  It  is  longer  than  wide.  The  whole  insect  strongly  puiictiiml ; 
the  thorax  roughly  punctured;  tiie  edge  of  the  2d  segment  having 
a  line  of  strong  punctures  beneath,  as  well  us  oij  the  dorsal  side. 

Black;  a  spot  on  the  forehead,  inner  border  of  the  orbits,  a  dot 
behind  each  eye ;  an  interrupted  border  on  the  anterior  -dge  of 
prothorax,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  post-scutel,  teguhe,  and  po  ^  • 
teguhc,  and  the  ridges  of  nietathorax,  yellow;  the  tegulaj  with  a 
brown  spot;  all  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  bordered  with 
yellow,  the  first  fascia  fused  with  a  lateral  spot ;  the  2d  segment 
adorned  on  each  side  with  a  clear  yellow  spot;  beneath  l)iack ; 
feet  black  at  base ;  knees,  tibia;,  and  tarsi  yellow.  Wings  hyaline, 
nerves  brown,  with  a  brown  cloud  in  the  radial  cell. 

%  .  Clypeus  very  slightly  cmarginate,  yellow  ;  mandibles  and 
antenna)  beneath,  yellow.     Femora  and  coxa;  anteriorly  yellow. 

liess.  a.  diff. — Very  closely  allied  to  0.  vonformis,  but  not  as 
cylindrical. — Compare  also  thv;  following  species. 

Bab.  North  America.  Baltimore,  Ohio,  New  York,  Con- 
necticut (E.  Norton),  Illinois  (B.  D.  Walsh),  Missouri  (Say), 
New-  Mexico. 

120.  O.  Toas  Crbsson.— Niger ;  clypei  summi  fascia,  pnnctig  capitis, 
scapi  fascia,  pronoti  niaculis  2,  tegulis,  macula  subalari,  post-scutello, 
macnlis  2  nietanoti,  abdominis  segmentornm  limbo,  neo  uou  maculis  2 
basalibus  2'  ct  maculis  2  confluentibus  primi,  albiilis ;  secuudo  seg- 
mento  margine  reflexo ;  pedibus  rulis,  genibus  tlavidis. 

Oili/n.  Toas  Cbesson,  Amer.  Ent.  Trans.  I,  1867,  381,  24. 

Total  length,  4  lin. 

9.  Black,  densely  and  deeply  punctured;  a  lunate  line  at  base 
of  clypeus,  spot  at  base  of  mandibles,  another  above  insertion  of 
antenna;,  another  in  the  emargination  of  eyes,  and  a  short  line  on 
posterior  orbits,  pale  yellowish-white  ;  clypeus  with  longitudinal 
punctures,  narrowed  at  tip,  which  is  subemarginate;  apical  half 
of  mandibles  ferruginous ;  palpi  pale ;  antennae  with  the  scape 
whitish  on  the  outside;  two  transverse  spots  on  prothorax, 
tegula;,  except  a  dusky  medial  dot,  a  large  spot  beneath  and  a 
small  spot  behind  tegula;,  post-scutellum,  and  a  transverse  mark 
on  each  side  of  metathorax,  pale  yellowish-white ;  metathorax 
rugulose,  truncate,  and  subexcavate  behind.  Apical  margin  of 
all  the  abdominal  segments,  except  the  last,  yellowish  (that  on 
the  basal  segment  confluent,  with  a  lateral  subtriangular  spot; 
that  on  the  second  sinuous  anteriorly),  and  sub-basal,  transverse 


830 


IIYMENOl'TERA    OF    AMEUICA. 


[part  I. 


spot  on  each  side  of  socond  segnii'iit,  pale  yellowish-white;  ai)i('ul 
ninrj^in  of  latter  segment  roOexetl ;  the  seeoiul  segnient  beneath, 
with  a  yellowish  apieal  margin  and  the  third  with  a  lateral  spot 
of  the  same  color.  Legs  ferruginous;  eoxaj  and  part  of  tro- 
chanters, black;  tips  of  femora  and  base  of  tibiic,  yellowish. 
"Wings  suljliyaline,  dusky  along  the  costa,  stiguia  and  costal 
nerve  reddish-brown. 

%.  Clypeus,  upper  surface  of  mandibles,  a  line  between 
antenna),  dilateu  and  sub-bilobed  above,  and  the  anterior  orbits, 
ul:::''-t,  tilling  up  the  emaigiiuition,  but  not  extending  above  it, 
yellowish-white  ;  the  clypeus  smooth  and  emarginate  at  tip  ;  the 
antenniu  black  above,  the  scape  yellowish-white  beneath,  the 
flageUum  fulvous  beneath ;  the  apieal  joint  gradually  thickened, 
the  eleventh  joint  eniarginate  beneath ;  the  next  suddenly 
snmller,  and  the  apical  joint  hooked  and  subacute;  the  lateral 
spots  on  first  and  socond  segments  of  abdomen  snuillcr  and  more 
oblicpic ;  beneath,  the  third  aogmeut  has  au  entire  apical  yellowish 
margin. 

liess.  a.  (liff. — This  Gc-cms  to  be  very  closely  allied  to  0. 
anormis,  from  which  it  difl'ers  by  its  pale,  whitish  ornaments,  and 
the  reflcxed  margin  of  2d  segment. 

llab.  New  MexiiL'o.  (Museum  of  the  Am.  Ent.  See.  of  Phila- 
delphia.) 

I  do  not  know  this  species,  and  I  cannot  be  perfectly  sure  of 
having  assigned  it  the  right  position. 

121.  O.  COllega  Sai'ss. —  0.  anormi  affiniKi'miis,  at  minor;  differt 
insnper  nietaiioti  foveola  punctata,  veUitina ;  ma  ginibns  rotiuulatis ; 
clypeo  '^  latioreqnam  lonpiore,  longe  bidentato,  dentibna  spiniforniilius, 
distantibus.  Niger;  clypeo  {%),  puncto  fiontali  et  post-ocul.iri,  orbitis 
iiitt'iiiis, Hcipo  .subtus, pionoti  fascia  niinuta  submarginali,post-s(.'iitello, 
abdominis  segiuentorum  1',  2'  niargine  pnnctoque  minuto  ntiinqiie 
prinii  s^gmenti,  llavis  vel  fulvis  ;  tnandibulis,  tegulis  pedibusque  ferru- 
giiieis  ;  alis  infuniatis,  violascentibns,  %. 

Otlijn.  collega  Sacss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  61,  21,  %. 
Total  length,  12  mm. ;  wing,  8.5  mm. 

?.? 

%.  Quite  approximating  to  0.  oculalus.  But  the  size  is  a 
little  larger;  .%  as  large  as  0.  anormis  9;  the  punctuation  is 
stronger,  as  strong  or  stronger  than  in  anormis  V,  except  on  the 
raetathorax,  which  is  less  rugose,  velutinous.     The  excavation 


ODYNEllUS, 


3-21 


of  motfttlinrnx  small,  roiiiidcd,  with  cdnjcs  (piito  ruuiidrd  as  in  (). 
jiri>iniiijinif<.  Tii<.'  iid  sc^'iiiciit  is  whortei",  with  its  iiiar^'iiial  zuiu' 
iiiori!  t'oarst'ly  puiK.'tiirt'd  and  the  (.-dfyo  iiKirt'  rt'llcxcd. 

The  livory  is  the  saiiic,  hut  the  prothorax  lias  a  wiivcd  siil)- 
niargiiial  yellow  or  fnlvous  fascia;  no  spot  under  the  wiriu",  tejiuhe 
ferruginous.  Segments  1-2  luargiiu'd  witli  yellow;  3  and  4  very 
ohsoletcly  tipped  with  fulvous  ;  the  first  segment  adorned  with 
two  very  small  lateral  fulvous  spots;  the  2(1  without  such  spots. 
Feet  ferruginous;  at  I)ase  hlaek.     "Wings  smoky,  rather  irideseent. 

Clypeus  {%)  transverse,  wider  tlian  lung,  yellow,  ternunated 
l)y  two  long  si)incs  separated  Ijy  a  semicircular  notch.  Mandibles 
ferruginous,  partly  yellow. 

Vur.?  Two  small  sjjots  on  the  2d  segment. 

i?«.s\s.  a.  iliff. — It  has  the  same  form  of  abdomen  as  in  0.  Xrtn- 
iianitti,  from  which  it  differH  Jiy  its  2d  segment,  more  sweilcd, 
boll-shaped,  with  a  iittlo  rellexed  edge.  It  is  larger  than  O. 
2^edextriH,  jyerc.nnis,  etc.,  and  is  especially  distinguished  by  the 
form  of  its  elyi)eu,s,  short  and  long-si»ined. 

llab.  New  England.     Connecticut  ( IC.  Norton). 

Obiter  vat  ion. — 'Wo  are  in  possession  of  a  %  specim(>n  nearly 
identical  with  the  described  type,  having  the  first  two  segments 
adorned  with  very  snnill  lateral  spots  (probably  liable  to  be 
wanting),  but  the  clypeus  is  triangular,  more  elongate,  terminated 
l)y  two  long  spines  s<'par:ited  by  a  narrower  deep  notch. — Is  it 
another  species?  (New  York). 


y 


**  Only  the  second  abdmidnnl  gfgment  oiiornrd  irith  tiro  yiHoto  tpots  whieh  are  often 
U'untiny,  2/rui<;i/nilli/  in  the  iiiiilen. 

Ohsei-vation.—As  in  the  preceding  ppccie.t,  the  spots  of  first  cegraent  are 
often  wanting,  and  one  uiu3t  coMipaie  aiso  the  species  of  Si3ction  *. 

122.  O.  bacuensis  Sauss.  (Fig.  28,  28rt.)— Niger,  crasse-punctatns, 
flavo-niultipictns;  nietaiioto  ntrinque  hand  angalato,  foveola  crasse 
punctata,  siiperne  infra  scutellnin  canthis  angulatis  aontis  teniiiuiita ; 
?P  abd.  segmentotenuiter  pnnctato  ;  elypt^n,  antcnnis  basi,  capitis  niacu- 
lis,  pronoto  antice,  tegulis,  niacnla  snhalari,  post-scutello,  nietanoti 
lateribus,  tegnlis,  pedibus,  al)d<iininis  jegnn  ntornm  1',  2',  4',  5'  margine 
et  ano,  tlavis;  2^  segmento  iusuper  utrimiue  macula  Hava  ,  alis  subfer- 
ragineis  apice  nebulosis. 

Odyn.  hacu.  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  185,  80  (1352).— 0.  hnmensis  Sacss. 
Ibid.  Ill,  232.— Cresson,  Hymen,  of  Cuba,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc,  Philad., 
iV,  1805,  1)4. 

Total  length,  9  mm.  ;  V7ing,  G  mm. 
21 


322 


IIYMKNOI'TKUA   OF    AMKIllCA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


II 


Slendor.  llcnd  ami  thorax  coaisely  crilirosc.  ProtliDrax 
slif^litly  contracted  and  arif^nlatc.  I'ost-Hcutol  wliort,  liuving  no 
ridge,  hut  it.s  posterior  part  receding  ha"lvvvard  making  for  it  a 
sort  of  hinder  face.  Metathorax  a  little  produced  backward 
beneath  the  post-scutel  and  sharply  truncate  vertically.  Its 
hinder  face  excavated,  coarsely  cribrosc;  tlu;  concavity  margined 
superiorly  by  an  aiigulatud  edge  under  the  post-acutel;  no  lateral 
angles. 

First  abdominal  segment  bell-slmped,  anteriorly  rounded-trun- 
cate, (juitc  coarsely  punctured,  anteriorly  roughened,  reticulate; 
second  segment  very  little  wider  than  the  first,  shallovvly  and 
more  fuiely  pum.'tur<!d. 

IJlack.  ^Mandibles  rufous.  Antonnaj  orange;  the  scape  yellow 
anteriorly,  extremity  of  flagellum  black.  Clypcus,  a  triangle  on 
the  forehead,  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes,  and  a  macula  behind  them, 
yel'ow. 

Antenna*  yellow  at  base  (probably  l)l(i' k  at  tip?).  Anterior 
part  of  metathorax  yellow.  First  <gnient  of  the  abdomen  yellow 
above,  with  a  tridentate  black  emargination.  Second  segment 
broadly  margined  with  yellow  and  ad<»rned  with  two  free  yellow 
spots.  Segments  4,  5  above  with  an  incomplete  yellow  fascia. 
A  IS  yellow.  Feet  yellow,  or  part  ly  ferruginous,  coxa;  black  or 
spotted  with  ferruginous.  Wings  washed  with  ferruginous  ;  the 
apex  cloudy;  the  radial  cell  with  a  brown  cloud. 

?.   Clypeus  j»yriform,  its  apex  slightly  truncate,  excavated. 

%.  Clypeus  slightly  bidentatc,  yellow;  mandibles  yellow. 

EctiK.  a.  diff. — Thi.^  much  ornamented  species  is  characterized 
by  the  peculiar  form  of  its  metatlmrax  ;  its  livery  recalls  various 
species  of  the  Antilles:  such  as  0.  apeciabilu,  which  is  distinct 
by  its  strongly  angulated  metathorax;  Ancisfrorerus  Pjcyi  and 
ohUquus,  both  distinguished  by  the  abdominal  suture ;  0.  cubensis, 
distinct  by  its  conical  alxlomcn,  !iot  slender  cylindrical-o'-''te  a? 
in  0.  bacuaniiix,  and  by  its  metathorax  truncate  on  the  same  \...  e 
with  the  post-scutel,  etc. 

Ilab.  Cuba.     1  9  sent  to  niejby  Dr.  Gundlach. 

1S3.  O.  pedestrls  Skvsn.     (Fig.  22,  22a.)— 0.  conformi  8imillimus,at 
primo  abdominis  segmento  minore,  utrioque  imiuaoalato. 

/     ^ 

1.  5/UL  Jj^f^H'i^^j 


Nl^yOJT 


Cf 


\{k 


the 


•  3 

I 


OPYNERLS. 

0<lijii./ii»rii.fsf  Saubh.  Et.  Vhsi,;.1.  I,  143,  28  (1S52). 
Odyn.  pfdeslrin  Havsh.  Ibid.  Ill,  14J,  28,  %  (1^^J4), 
C/(/yn.  ^    ojtiiHH*  Uaihh.  Uevuu  tie  Zuul.,  IX,  la57,  274. 

9-  Total  l«Migtli,  .M  mm.;  wing,  8  iiira. 
^.  Tutal  It^iigtli,  ii  aim. ;  wing,  7  tuui. 


1    '^'  / 


;/w,V 


1.  '  I        — 


9.  Form  ns  in  O.  coufonnU,  or  a  little  less  elongate,  but 
rntlier  more  Icfigtliciicil  tliiin  in  (>.  vayun,  Cl)'puus  cribrosc  with 
largo  imuctures.  Iliad  circulur,  strongly  iJtincturcd,  as  is  uIm)  tlio 
tliora.\;  mclulliorax  not  so  roughly  piiiirtunxl,  vclutinoiirt ;  its 
concavity  .superiorly  margined  with  rugosities.  First  alxlomiiial 
segment  .strongly  puiictured,  slightly  elongate,  becoming  more 
rugose  anteriorly.  Second  ."segment  not  a.s  strongly  punctured, 
elongate,  eonstrreted  ut  l)a.se  ;  its  margin  coarsely  punctured,  a 
little  canaliculate. 

Black,  shining;  pcapo  beneath,  a  spot  on  the  niandiI)los,  a 
frontal  dot,  two  spots  or  an  arcuate  line  on  the  summit  of  tlie 
dypeus,  a  post-ocular  .spot  and  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  an 
interrupted  band  or  two  maeuloj  on  the  prothora.x,  a  spot  under 
the  wing,  another  before  the  scutel,  post-scutel,  and  inferior  edges 
of  metalhorax,  yellow.  Tegulie  ferruginens,  spotted  with  yellow 
Abdominal  seguK'nt.s  1-4  regularly  margined  with  yellow;  the  2d 
adorned  with  two  ■%cparatc  yellow  spots  near  the  base.  Knees, 
tibite,  and  tarsi,  yellow. 

Var.  a.  No  yellow  spots  on  the  disk  of  mesothorax. 

h.  Oidy  the  segments  1-2  margined  with  yellow ;  motathorax 
immaculate. 

c.  Segments  3-4  partly  margined  with  yellow. 

d.  Mctathorax  more  rounded. 

e.  Two  very  small  free  spots  on  the  1st  segment. 

%.  Clypeus  polygonal,  a  little  bidentate,  as  broad  as  long, 
yellow;  inner  orbits  yellow.  Ilook  of  antennsc  black.  1)1'  *" 
mesothorax  and  metathorax  generally  quite  black.  Margiu  of 
2d  segment  often  more  reflexed. 

Var.  The  tip  of  elypeus  black  ;  spots  of  the  2d  segment  very 
small. 

liens,  a.  diff. — This  may  be  a  mere  variety  of  0.  confnrmiaJ. 
The  same  size,  same  punctures,  same  livery,  except  the  two 
oblique  yellow  lines  of  the  first  segment,  which  are  wanting. 


Tljis  name  had  been  previously  employed  by  Herrich-Sobmffer 


324 


IIYMKNdl'TKKA    OF    AMK.lllCA. 


[J'AIIT  r. 


Slill  I  riiid  a  iliilVniicc,  l>t,  in  the  inriii  of  tlic  lii'ud,  not  so 
circi'.lar,  11  litllf  l)ruu(|ci',  giviii}^  ji  uiioilicr  aitpt'iuaiu-L';  Jtl,  in  tlx; 
1st  uIhI.  sct^inciit,  evidently  sniu!lt>r,  not  so  hnnul  nt  its  linHo, 
Itiil  a  littic!  more  riinnt'l->iiii|MMl,  i  little  ijepre.sj-ed,  u  littler  lonjrer, 
nol  (|uite  tin  seHriile.  This  lieconies  very  cvitlent  when  the  uIhIm- 
Mien  is  bent  ddwnward.s.'  It  is  also  not  (juite  us  wide  as  tlie  2(1 
eegnient ;  tins  liuing  longer  than  \ii  coiij'onnin  and  a  little  eon- 
biricted  at  base,  to  lit  intu  tiiu  1st  ui-gniunt. 

'I'lioso  charaetei's  of  the  abdoiueu  eecni  to  uw  to  indicate  a 
Kpecica  tlillereiit  (Voni  ().  conformin,  but  wliieli  can  only  be  dis- 
tinguished by  a  very  experienced  eye.  —  I  can  only  compare  thu 
females,  the  male  of  0.  roiiformin  being  unknown  to  me.  C'oni- 
l)are  O,  J'nuisi/li-diiicnft. 

Jliih.  The  I'niieil  States.  Xcw  York,  2  ?,  ^  t,  taken  by  mo. 
Conutctieut,  J)  9,  (i  ^  (K.  Norton). 


1S4*  O.  XantlliailllS  Sacsh.  9. — Niger,  clypeo  puiictato,  thnrncH 
laivi,  iaipunctiittt;  niftaiuito  nolo  rui^o.-*!) ;  posl-scatfllo  tifin.s  verse  olilaso 
cristato  ;  niutathor.iuis  fovuola  su])uriie  suljnoafe  inari;iiiatii ;  aluloniiiiu 
puiictato;  Heciiiidi  HHt;iiieiiH  liiica  niargiiiali  crasse  piinotnta  ;  tertio  in 
nifidio  pcrrugostj  puiictato;  reliijui.s  ttiiniiter  puiictati.s  ;  ticapo  aiitice, 
puiicto  raaiKlibuiaruni,  fioiitali,  ociilari  et  post-ouulaii,  fasciaiiuo  arcuata 
in  .suiinno  dypen,  uiaualiri  2  ol)li(iuiti  pronoti,  macula  suliaiari,  post- 
Hcutullo,  fasciis  12  uiutanoti,  alxlniuiiiid  vitti.s  2,  inaciilis(jim  2  parvuli.'i 
!at^>ralil)U^^  sogint'iitoriini  1',  '2\  llavis ;  pedibu-s  rulis,  hUeo-iuaculatia, 
basi  iiigris  ;  tegulis  rufis,  llavo-uiaculatis. 

Odyn.  Xantianiis  Sauss.  R«vue  tie  Zool.  XXII,  187<>,  103,  22,  J. 

Total  iHiigth,  11  mm. ;  wing,  7.5  mm. 

9.  Size,  forn),  livery  nearly  as  in  0.  anormis,  but  differing 
from  it  by  tlio  following  ^-haract'TH.  Clypcus  a  little  more 
coarsely  punctured  and  more  truncate.  Thorax  smonlh,  not 
serifiibli/  jntnrfiirrd,  except  on  the  upper  face  of  nietathorax. 
Scutol  parted  by  a  groove.  Pcst-scutel  elevated  into  a  sort  of 
blunt  crest,  flattened  behind  (seen  from  behind  the  edge  is  arc\iate 
or  rather  trajiezoidal,  nearly  bi-niamillated).  Metathorax  having 
its  superior  face  a  little  prolong(!d  behind  the  post-scutcl,  includ- 
ing it  on  both  sides ;  widely  truncate  ;  its  hinder  face  or  cxcava- 


'  Tliis  position  is  a  (juite  indispensable  condition  for  the  good  study  of 
Odijiierus,  and  should  be  given  to  all  the  specimens. 


ODYNEULM. 


n2.> 


/ 


r/v 


-:/  . 


rf- 


tinii  smoiitli  (If  a  little  |>iiiiciiii(  il,  Miprriorly  iiiaiyiin'il  liy  (iilmust) 
uii  i(l;rf,  iiiiikiii}:  ail  .M  or  \\   r<'v<'i>n|. 

.\ l)«lt»iiifii  hiiviii^  its  rn'>i  sc^riiit'iit  iikhc  loiiihlftl,  iiiirntwcr 
niid  u  litth;  loii.irt'i-;  (lie  srcmiil  hliorl  oikI  iiioit  ,»triiiifrtiliit(il  nt 
Itasc,  to  Jit  iiiti)  ilie  lir.'-t,  its  liiiidt  r  iuar^?iii  willi  ii  iiiorc  ,siiii|il<s 
liiK!  of  iniiirtiiiTs;  lilt*  iid  Mjriiiciit  ns  cdarscly  criliniso  in  tlio 
middle  as  til*'  ('d};i'  of  tlic  L'd,  l)iit  only  in  iIh'  aiiddlc 

Till!  ai'ciialo  yellow  l'a>cia  of  clyiH-iis  wider;  llio  iiiaculii'  of 
protliorax  nioro  ni»i»roxiniati;;  tefinla-  firrujfiiious,  with  two  y<d- 
low  spot.s;  lateral  Hpots  of  tlio  1st  Kcjrineiit  (luile  siiiall  or  wtiiitiiijr; 
knees,  tiliiu',  and  tarsi  fcrnjjrinoiis,  spotted  with  yidlow.  Se^iiieiits 
J},  4  very  narrowly  niarj;ined,  the  r)th  Ijlack.     Wiiijfs  cloudy. 

lU'Hi^.  (I.  (Iijf. — This  speeies  irt  easy  to  distinguish  by  its  not 
pnnetiired  thorax,  and  elevated  post-seutel. 

1/ab.  Lower  Culiforiuu.     C'apu  8t.  Lueas  (T.  Xantus). 

135.  O.  KeiiliirotiaiillH  Sadsk.— ^'i^'or,  niti<hH,  luiDitntas,  0.  Pvnn- 
si/liuiiiiro  alHiiis,  at  luevior;  deiisi'  ininctataH,  iin^tiUioto  et  iiltil.  iniino 
st'gineiito  f(rot<««  panctatis ;  cdrpoiH  ulltitlo-vaiii'Kiito ;  macula  iiian<li-  f  j^ytj^j(  tyy  c^ 
baliiriiiii,  clypei,  fioiitis  ft  ocalDiuin,  liiii-a  in  s(;m|h>,  laiUMiiis  '1  proiinti, 
^1  iiu't.'iiKiti,  '1  suli;iliiril)us,  p(i>l-.si-atelli>,  tfgulis  uliiloininisijUi!  ttegiui'U- 
toiaia  liaitio,  scouaiii  pniiuto  utrinquu  tibiisiiuu,  ulliidis  ^. 

Odijn.  Kmnicolianm  SAtJ»«».  Rev.  de  Zooi.  XXII,  1870,  104,  23. 

Total  length,  8  una. :  wing,  fj  niiu. 

A  species  allied  to  O.  jicdcsfrix.  A  little  smaller;  forms  the 
snnie;  the  protliorax  also  liiiely  aii.trnlate,  Imt  the  thorax  shorter; 
the  metathorax  a  little  less  retracted  and  more  open,  that  is,  its 
cone  .vity  is  a  little  wider.  Alxloinen  less  leiifrthened,  (irst  !iv<:- 
niciic  shorter,  cnpuliform,  the  2d  as  wide  as  lonjr,  a  little  more 
dense  y  and  finely  punctured.  The  metathorax  and  the  first 
ReguK  It  shorter,  <'rii)ros(!  with  large  punctures,  almost  a.s  in  the 
0.  iterennis.     Seutel  divided  by  a  loiigitiidiiial  groove. 

9.  Clypeus  black.  A  spot  at  summit  of  mandibles,  three  dots 
or  an  arcuate  line  on  summit  of  clypeus,  a  spot  on  the  front, 
another  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  and  one  behind  their  summit,  a 
line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  two  spots  on  protliorax,  <jiio 
under  the  wing,  post-scutel,  teguhu,  and  two  spots  on  the  summit 
of  metathorax,  whitish;  all  the  segment  of  the  abdomen  adorned 
with  a  white  border,  wide  and  regular;  the  2d  ornamented  with 


1} 


iTH    J 


*>'' 


[iy  !  I  U  • 


i 


326 


HYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  t. 


two  dots  of  this  color  on  its  sides.  Tibiie  wliitish,  spotted  witli 
black  behind.     Wings  transparent,  ncrvures  brown. 

Vcn'.  No  lateral  spots  on  the  2d  segment. 

licss.  a.  dijf. — This  Odijnerus  difl'ers  from  0.  j/edes(ris  and 
Pennsi/lvaiucus,  by  the  coarse  punctuation  of  first  .sogn)ent,  etc. ; 
from  the  O.  pe.rennit<,  by  its  thorax,  shorter,  less  strongly  i)uiio- 
tured  than  the  first  segment,  by  its  less  elevated  head,  its  loss 
prolonged  form,  etc.  ;  from  the  0.  Iej:e7isis,  by  its  less  angulate 
and  less  rugose  metathorax ;  by  its  first  segment  more  coarsely 
and  more  equally  punctured  throughout;  by  the  2d  less  strongly 
punctured,  especially  along  its  posterior  border,  etc. — From  all 
by  its  whitish,  not  yellow  ornaments. 

Hab.  United  States.  One  9  taken  in  Illinois  by  Mr.  Robert 
Kennicott. 

136.  O.  propinqiius  Sauss. — Gracilior,  nbique  dense  pnnctatns, 
fulvo-vt'lutinurt,  iiuraulio  vel  lufo  variegatun  ;  pionoto  antice  et  postioe 
rufo-liuibato;  macula  subalari,  tegulis,  post-seutello,  metaiioti  cautliis, 
segiueiitorum  limbo,  macula  utriiK^uu  iu  seuuudo  Sbgmento  pedibusque 
ruiia  J . 

Odyn.  propinquus  Sauss.  Revue  de  Zoolog.  XXII,  1870,  104,  24,  J. 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

$.  Very  siniilar  to  O.  orulaliis.  Ch'pous  not  po  prodncod, 
more  truncate,  very  coarsely  punctured,  very  ol).so!elcly  bioari- 
nato  below  and  biangulatc  at  tip.  An  impressed  point  on  the 
vertex.  Thorax  a  little  narrower.  Cavity  of  the  metathorax 
rounded,  smaller,  punctured;  its  margins  cpiite  rounded.  Abdo- 
men more  cylindrical,  the  2d  se&ment  not  much  wider  than  the 
first,  as  in  O.  var)tis.  The  Avhole  insect  derisely  and  almost 
equally  punctured  ;  the  second  abdominal  segment  as  strongly 
))unotured  a.s  the  1st,  and  like  the  thorax,  but  its  hinder  margin 
and  the  3d  more  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  base  of  the  2d  above 
sul)tuberculatc. 

IJlack,  grayish-velutinous,  with  a  rather  fulvous,  hairy  clothing; 
head  and  metathorax  with  a  grayish  reflection.  A  spot  on 
mandibles,  a  fascia  on  the  top  of  the  clypons,  a  frontal  spot,  a 
dot  on  the  sinus  of  the  eye,  and  a  post-ocular  spot,  orange  or 
pale ;  antennaj  black,  joints  1-2  rufous,  a  little  obscure  above. 
Both  edges  of  prothorax,  the  anterior  with  a  wide  bilobcd  i.iter- 
rupted  fascia,  the  posterior  with  a  narrow  line,  a  spoc  under  viie 


ODYNEUUS. 


327 


winp:,  post-scutol,  rklgos  of  inctatliorax,  toi^juliB,  tin-  margin  of  all 
the  aljiioiniiuil  s(,'j.^inoiits,  and  two  froc  spots  on  tlic  2<1  S(■<rnl('n^ 
orange  or  brick-rot!  ;  feet  fcrrnginous ;  coxie  niacniatt'  willi  fcr- 
rnginous.  Wings  a  little  nmoky.  The  rufous  margin  of  the 
second  segment  is  wide  and  regular;  tiiat  of  the  lirst  fused  on 
each  side  with  a  little  spot;  the  fascia  of  the  last  si'gnients  some- 
times pale  or  yellow. 

Jicss.  a.  dijl'. — This  species  Ir  noticeahle  for  its  veli'.tinons 
body  and  rufous  ornaments;  by  its  2ii  segment  as  stroi.gly  ]»unc- 
tured  as  the  1st,  and  the  thorax,  with  its  margin  not  hiinnclk'd, 
scarcely  reflexed  at  all,  which  distinguishes  it  from  O.  colh'fja. 
It  differs  from  ().  Xcwtianit!<,  by  its  more  cylindrical  abdomen, 
its  2d  segment  not  short,  and  post-scutel  not  elevated. 

JJab.  Mexico.  J  caught  this  species  in  the  "  tierras  tenipladas," 
South  of  Mexico. 


***  Xn/ree  yellow  ifpofs  on  the,  first  two  ahdominnl  nfgrncnta. 
Ohsevviitiou . — Compare  also  the   Sections  *  ami   **,  for  tlie  varipties 
destitute  of  spots  wliich  tlio  readf  r  may  be  iiiclim-d  to  coufouml  with  the 
species  of  this  group. — Co!up,  principally  0.  culleija,  0.   KennicoUiunus, 
(oltecui. 

127.  O.  PennsylvanicllS  Saups.— 0.  pedatri  afflnissinius,  gracil- 
liuius  ;  iiiger,  piindatus  ;  fascia  scafii.  proiioti  et  alulominis  st'tjnipiitonini 
1',  2',  4'  margins,  post-scutello  iiiaculaqiie  suhalari,  tibiid  tarsistjue 
flavis;  tegulis  nifis. —  9*  Clypeo  bidi-ntwto  tlavo.  ' 

Odtpi.  Pcunsylvunicus  Sadss.  Kt.  Vespid.,  Ill,  257,  134  (1854).  ' '  ' 

9-  Total  length,  9  mm.;  wing,  7  mm.  y' 

%.  Total  length,  8  mm. :  wing,  G  u\m. 

Quite  approximating  to  O.  pedcutrii^.  The  size  a  little  smaller; 
but  the  same  form,  only  more  slender.  Head  orbictdar.  The 
punctures  about  the  same,  bui,  the  clypeus  more  liiu'ly  punc- 
tured. The  concavity  of  metnthorax  iH)t  margined  superiorly  by 
wrinkled  rugosities;  its  summit  sooner  occuj)ied  by  reticulate 
large  punctures.  Tlie  abdomen  very  slender,  cylindrical;  the; 
1st  segment  iiaving  the  same  form  as  in  0.  proximut^,  rather 
small,  elongate,  a  little  depressed,  having  often  merely  a  vestige 
of  a  suture.  The  margin  of  the  2d  coarsely  jmncturcd,  but  only 
narrowly  sulcate,  or  not  at  all  channelled,  only  slightly  depressed. 

9.  Black.  Clypeus  quite  black.  A  spot  on  the  mandibles, 
labrum,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennie,  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of 


'^?      0  ^i^MAd^^^'"^ 


^ 


tfX 


-  \JuU 


1 


328 


IIYMKNDl'TKRA    t»F    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


tho  eyo,  a  post-ocular  dot,  uii  interrupted  fascia  cm  tlio  prothorax, 
a  spot  under  tlio  wing,  post-sculel  and  margin  of  .segments  1,  2, 
4,  tarsi,  and  tibiiu,  yellow.  Tegula)  ferruginous;  wings  subliya- 
lino;  nerves  brown  ferruginous;  the  radial  cell  smoky. 

%.  Antenna'  ferruginous  hi'ueatb;  elypeus  punctured,  poly- 
gonal, shortly  bidenlate,  yellow. 

I'ur.  a.   The  yt-llow  margin  of  the  4th  segmeut  iucomplete. 

b.  Segments  5,  (5  nnirgined  with  yellow. 

c.  Tho  3d  obsoletely  margined. 

d.  Only  two  yellow  dots  on  prothorax. 

e.  Wing  scales  %  black. 

/.   Anterior  tiliiio  maculate  with  black. 
(J.   Ornaments  %,  luteous. 

h.  Clypeus  %  black  on  its  inferior  part.  Flagcllum  of  the 
antcJinu)  ^  (piitc  black.     (Tionisiana.) 

liens,  a.  (lijT. — May  be  a  variety  of  O.  pr<lrst7'is?. 

JIah.  United  States.    >«ew  York,  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  Louisiana. 

1*2^.  O.  pcreilllis  Sadss.  (Fig.  25.) — Sat  ininntus,  niger,  elong.atus, 
gr.ni'ili.-i,  crassi.ssiine  puiuUiitus,  sccainlo  segnipiito  nngusto,  elt)iig:Uo  ; 
corpore  tlavo-variegato ;  capite  paeiie  .altiop*  riiiaiu  latiore;  inetaiioto  i-t 
alxldiniiiis  priiiio  scginento  grosse  foramiuato-puuctatis ;  abdomiuis 
segnientis  1°,  20  late  flavo-marginatis.  y^/V    I     ,  //    ' 

0</^;i.  ;<e;c;i«/s  ,  vuss.  Revue  Zool.,  IX,  18!;7,  p.  277.    ^-^^Jfr^    ^     t       / 

c^ /  iff  /^/  I     '         ' 

Total  length,  1)  nun. ;  wings,  7  nun.  i^     *'  ' " 

Form  almost  precisely  as  in  O.  pedestris,  but  the  body  more 
coarsely  punctured. 

9.  Head  a  little  higher  than  broad,  not  .so  densely,  but  more 
coarsely  punctured.  Punctures  of  elypeus  larger.  Tlmse  of 
thora.x  very  coarse.  Tiiosc  of  nietathorax  and  the  lirst  abdominal 
segment  still  larger,  very  rough.  Those  of  the  top  of  metathorax 
somewhat  reticidar.  First  abd.  segment  n<>t  fpiito  as  wide  as 
the  2d,  rather  depressed  above.  Seeoiid  segment  yet  strongly 
punctured,  but  much  less  than  tho  1st  segment;  its  margin  more 
coarsely,  but  not  so  strongly  punctured  as  the  1st  segment,  not 
canaliculate;  its  base  rather  constricted,  making  it  seem  almost 
tul)erculate. 

Black.  A  spot  on  mandibles,  tho  top  of  clypou.s,  scapo 
beneath,  a  frontal  spot,  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  tin?  eyes  and  a 
post-ocular  dot,  a  wide  marginal  band  ou  prothorax  and  ou  tho 


ODYNtULti. 


y-2y 


first  two  sogmcntri  of  tlie  abdomen,  post-sciitol,  a  spot  uikUt  tlio 
wing,  knt'os,  tiliiiu,  and  tarsi,  brigiit  yellow  (of  rallicr  orangi'). 
"Wings  a  little  smoky  ;   teguiu;  and  their  appendix  yellow. 

Var.   Wing  scale  rufous. — A[)ex  of  clypens  Ua'ruginous. 

%.  A  little  smaller.  Head  as  wide  as  high.  Clypeus  poly- 
gonal, longer  than  wide,  bidentate,  yellow;  mandibles  almost 
yellow.  Antenna'  ferruginous  beneath  ;  In.ok  blaek.  Interme- 
diate eo.xa!  yelli)\v  before  ;  posterior  coxaj  margined  with  yellow 
ou  tlio  iinu'r  l)order. 

licfis.  a.  dif. — Did'ers  from  0.  pvdctttris  by  its  wide  yellow 
bands  and  by  the  absence  of  free  yellow  spots  ou  the  2d  segnieuts; 
by  its  more  rugose  metathorax  and  1st  abd.  segment. 

Compare  also  0.  lej-entiiii  and  Ki'nnicollianu.-^. 

Hub.   North  America.     Tenne.-.see  9,  New  Vork  %. 


J 


129.  O.  Terzeiisis  Sai'ss. — Sat  niinntiis^gracilis,  niger,  grosse  pnnc- 
tatus ;  iiut.'iiioto  Mul)aiigulat(),  lUgosiHsiniR,  iiiiiicto  froiitali  et  oculari, 
pronoti  iiiargiue,  iiost-scutello,  uiaciila  sul)alai'i  et  i)iiuscutt'llari,tegulis, 
aiiiloiniiiis  sej^iheiitoruni  1,  2,  4,  .')  liuil)o,  tibiis  taMisijUH,  Uavid  ;  abdo- 
niiiiis  primo  seiMiieiito  basin  versus  nii^oso  ;  secuiulo  sat  brevi.     \, . 

Oi\>jH.  Texeitsis  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  187<>,  lo4,  2.'),  %. 

Total  length,  9  una. ;  wing,  (i.f)  nun. 

%.  Quite  ai)proximate  to  0.  PexnKi/lrnin'cux.  Same  size,  but 
not  (piito  so  slender;  the  thorax  a  little  shorter,  but  little 
attenuated  posteriorly,  more  coarsely  punctured.  The  form 
almost  exactly  as  in  ().  jirn>niiis,  but  the  lateral  edges  ninking 
nearly  two  blunt  angles;  the  excavation  rugose.  Al)dom<'n  as 
ill  jicri'tviis,  but  more  densely  and  not  so  coarsely  punctured  ;  the 
2d  segment  shorter,  not  so  constricted  at  baso  ;  its  Inne  flat 
above,  not  subtJiberculate;  its  margin  coarsely  punctured,  slightly 
margined,  not  canalicidate. 

IMack.  A  frontid  spot,  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  a  post- 
ocuhir  line,  a  l)ilol)ed  fascia  on  the  nnirgin  of  prothorax,  tcgula.', 
a  spot  nnder  the  wing,  post-scutel,  a  sjjot  on  the  disk  of  meso- 
thorax,  yellow.  Alxloniinal  segments  all  margined  with  yellow 
except  the  3d.  Knees,  tibia;,  and  tarsi  yellow.  Wings  a  little 
smoky. 

%.  Anteniif,!  fuscous  beneath;  the  scape  with  a  yellow  line. 
Clypeus  yellow;  its  teeth  spiniforni;  mandibles,  inner  margin  of 
the  orbit,  and  of  the  posterior  co.\8b,  yellow  or  lutcous. 


330 


IIYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 

Itess.  a.  diff. — This  species  rescmblos  by  its  livery  0.  Penn^yl- 
vanunis,  but  Jt  differs  by  its  stronger  punctures,  its  thurax  and 
abduiuen  shorter ;  the  furnier  being  more  square  bcliind.  It  is 
in  the  nearest  relutionsiiip  with  O.  pcrennis.  It  recalls  also 
A)ici.s(r()ceriis  Suinichrasti. 

Hub.  Texas.     1  I. 

130.  O.  fasciClllatUS  Sapss.— Niger,  gracilis,  cylimlricus,  ubiqiie 
dense  puuctatus  ;  protliorace  biuiigulato;  inetathorace  transverse  depres- 
so-compreaso,  superne  rugoso;  cantliis  lateralibiis  acutis,  lamelUuibus  ; 
foveola  rhomboidali ;  primo  abdominis  segniento  seonndo  latitudine 
a'cpiali;  capitis  maculis,  suapo  subtus,  pronoti  niargine  anlico,  tegulis, 
post-scutelli  fascia,  nietath(ira<jis  cuntliis  inferis,  abd.  segmentornin 
10-40  margine,  tibiia,  tarsis^ue,  llavis.— ■£.  Clypeo  fascia  arcuata  et 
maculis  2  apieis,  tlavis. 

Odyn./asciculatus  Hauss.  Revue  de  Zoolog.  XXII,  1870,  104,  2G,  9 . 

Total  length,  10.5  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

9.  Form  slender  and  c\'lindrical.  Ileiid  as  high  as  wide; 
vertex  with  an  angulate  groove.  Thorax  elongate,  convex,  and 
cylindrical.  Prothorax  wide,  its  angles  finely  dentiform.  Meta- 
thorax  rather  compressed  transversely,  somewhat  lamellate  on 
the  sides,  oblique  and  posteriorly  produced.  Its  concavity  not 
vertical,  but  oblicjue,  wider  than  long,  having  .somewhat  of  a 
lo/.enge  form,  scarcely  strigose;  not  margined,  limited  supicriorly 
by  the  rugosities  of  the  nj  face;  its  inferior  edges  compressed, 
continued  with  the  lateral  edges.  Abdomen  cylindric-depresned, 
tho  1st  segment  as  wide  as  the  second ;  anteriorly  truncate- 
rounded,  the  2d  elongate.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely 
punctured;  tho  mctathorax  more  rugose  than  the  rest;  the  Ist 
segment  a  little  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  mesothorax  ; 
the  2(1  segment  having  its  margin  widely  and  very  slightly  cana- 
liculate, and  a  little  more  coarsely  punctured  than  tho  rest  of  the 
segment. 

Black.  A  line  on  the  mandibles  and  on  tho  scape  of  the 
antennaj,  a  double  frontal  spot,  a  dot  between  the  eyes  and  the 
antennie,  a  i)Ost-ocnlar  spot,  a  double  spo^  occuj./ing  the  anterior 
margin  of  prothorax,  a  little  dot  under  the  wing,  tegula;,  a  line 
on  post-scutel,  and  inferior  ridges  of  metathorpx,  golden-yellow ; 
abd.  segments  1-4  adorned  with  a  yellow  nmrginal  band;  the 
first  two  bands  rather  wide  and  regular,  but  having  the  anterior 
side  rather  lacerated ;   the  3d  not  so  wide ;   the   4th  narrower. 


ODY\KU\  8. 


831 


iiieoiiipleto.  Feet  black.  Knees,  tibiic,  ami  tnivi  yellow.  Wings 
suljliyaline,  nerves  fu.seo-fci'nijriiiuus, 

?.  Clypeus  brutully  ityrifurni,  bluek,  with  a  superior  fascia  or 
two  .spots  near  the  apex,  yellow  ;  the  apt!X  truncate,  subdenlate. 

\'(tr.   Clypeus  yellow,  with  a  black  sp(jt. 

liesH.  a.  (///7".— -This  species  is  partieuliirly  (li.-itingnished  l)y  the 

i'\n  of  its  nietathorax,  which  recalls  O.  cofi/unnl.-<,  the  tlionix 
beiiif^  elonj^ate,  convex-cyliiidric,  the  protlmrax  not  contracted 
anteriorly.  The  aI)donien  has  the  first  segment  >?horter,  not  as 
hmir  as  wide  above,  more  as  in  ().  voiij'unnis.  It  has  scjuic 
similarity  to  0.  j)eren)iis,  but  it  is  larger;  the  1st  segment  is  as 
wide  as  the  2d,  the  body  uot  so  coarsely  punctured,  etc. 

JJab.   Cuba.     9. 


the 

the 

lerior 

line 

low ; 

,  tho 

terior 

ower, 


i:ll.  O.  flgllliis  S.MTss. — Niger,  nitidns,  gracillimus,  pronoto  snban- 
gulato;  abd.  1^  .segiiieiito  autife  trnncato,  supra  lugoso;  capite,  thoraoe 
I't  ptidilms,  lutKo-signati.s  ;  proiioti  et  po-it-.-^ont.elli  inai'i;inu  anli(M)  liiiea 
lutea;  alulominis  Hi'gUicntid  r-2' luargiue  lutuo  ;  alid  hyaliui:3,  iu  uosta 
ifuliiiifascatis.     9- 

Od!)n.Ji(julus  Sao.'^s.  Et.  Vespid.,  Ill,  247,  120  (185  J).' 

Total  length,  10  mm.  ;  wing,  8  mm. 

An  insect  having  a  slender,  cylindrical,  lengthened  form. 

9.  The  clyp''us  is  rngulose,  pyriforni,  and  seems  to  terminate 
in  two  sharp  little  teeth  ;  but  these  are  only  nuirked  out  by  a 
fossetto  on  the  border.  The  thorax  is  wide  before,  'ts  anterior 
margin  is  straight  bordered,  and  the  angles  are  distinct;  before 
these  angles  the  prothorax  is  slightly  retracted.  'I'he  scutel  is 
notched  on  each  side  by  a  fossctte.  The  metathora;:  has  its 
lateral  ridges  horizontal ;  it  forms  on  each  side  an  angle  blunted 
by  the  meeting  of  htng  inferior  ridges ;  the  jxtsterior  ])late  is 
triangular,  occupied  entirely  by  the  concavity,  which  is  bordered 
on  each  side  by  the  inferi-or  ridges,  while  posteriorly  they  lose 
themselves  in  the  "iigosities  of  the  siunmit.  The  abdomen  is 
slender  and  shin"  ;  the  first  segment  is  truncated  anteriorly, 
following  a  ridge  quite  distinctly;  its  superior  face  is  very 
coarsely  punctured  before  and  behind,  always  rather  less  towa.'d 


'  It  is  probably  in  conspiinence  of  a  transposition,  that  this  species  la 
found  plaued  1.  c  in  '.be  divi.-s'ou  Purodi/nerus.  I  aui  not  wholly  sure  of 
the  place  it  should  on-iipy,  not  having  the  type  before  mo. 


832 


IIYMENOI'TEHA   OF   AMEUICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


the  posterior  border,  '''liu  bonier  of  2cl  uiid  ruUowiii},'  Hcgincnis 
offer.s  a  very  mueh  we:  ver  imnctuulioii.  Tlie  lieud  uiiil  tlionix 
are  densely,  but  (juile  liiiely  puneliired.  The  iiljdoineii  does  init 
offer  tiny  swelling  ut  the  base  of  2d  sej^inciit  beneath. 

Jihick;  a  dot  on  tlie  ni!indil)les,  a  frontal  and  post-oeular  dot, 
seape  beneatl:,  anterujr  margin  of  j)rotliora.\',  a  .'^pot  under  the 
wing;  two  dots  on  teguhe,  post-seutel,  a  line  on  eaeh  side  of 
nietathora.x  below,  and  the  margin  of  segments  1,  2,  luleoiis; 
tibia;  with  a  yellow  line ;  femora  1,  2,  spotted  with  yellow  at 
tlie  apox.     Wings  dusky,  margined  witii  gray. 

ILab.  Guadaloupe.     Collectiou  of  the  Marcpiis  of  Spiuola. 


2.  Form  Ict^s  ojlhulriral,  not  much  elourjnfcd,  the  thorax  more 
croicded  tojr/hcr,  ojh-n  yhort  and  wide  anteriorlij,  con- 
tracted poster i(irl I/.  Metalliorin:  more  convex,  ri>iinded; 
ila  foxaelte  (jeneni/li/  nnxill,  but  alicai/s  di}<tiiict,  Atjdonien 
oeoid  or  irre<jular,  the  Jirnt  aeijnient  varrower  than  the 
¥'(ond,  having  no  longer  the  sliajie  of  an  elongate-lieU, 
icidened  anteriorly,  ivhich  receives  the  second  segment,  but 
I'o  ^lot  truncate  anteriorhj,  not  having  an  anterior  and  a 
suptrior  face,  but  the  two  faces  lost  in  a  continued  curva- 
ture; this  segment  not  as  sessile;  second  segment  more 
swelled  than  in  the  pj'eeeding,  short  and  convex,  contracted 
at  base  to  fit  into  the  first 

Insects  ill  general  strongly  punctured ;  often  velutinous. 

(Groap  of  0.  Iluustecus,  otomilits,  «to.) 

The  type  of  this  group  is  not  easily  defined,  because  eaeh 
species  unites  only  a  part  of  the  characters  alxne  indicated,  the 
group  being  comi)()sed  of  an  ngglomeiation  of  very  divergent 
species.  Among  the  Htenamu'sfrocerus  this  type  is  reproduced 
by  a  A.  Sumichrasli,  Ouzmani,  etc. 

All  the  .species  are  of  small  size;  they  seem  to  be  very  numerous 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  northern  continent. 

It  becomes  more  difficult  to  distinguish  the  numerous  little 
wasps,  because  the  species  arc  quite  ap|)roximate  to  each  other, 
and  the  character  of  their  punctures  and  forms  varies  between 
certain  limits,  so  that  one  can  only  feel  sure  about  them,  by 


ODYNKRUS. 


333 


compnrinpr  nunicrous  specimens.     It  seems  nearly  impossible  to 
ileleniiiiio  sins^lc!  specimens  upon  sim|)Ie  descriptions. 

The  (k'tuih  of  form  and  livery  upim  which  1  have  endoiivorcd 
to  l>uild  the  sul)di visions  of  the  arruiij,aMnent  of  the  species,  aro 
of  a  very  doul)lful  profit,  because  of  the  dillicidty  of  dehning 
them  clearly,  so  that  they  must  not  be  al)solulely  relied  upon. 


A.  Form  ra/lirr  sloufei',  abdomen  ratlirr  vide  in  (fie  middle,  hut 
yet  adenitaled  before.  T/ic  J'osselle  of'  l/ie  /oft/rrior  f'tice  of 
metattiorax  rounded,  alwaijx  disfiuef.  (Fosselte  of  uieta- 
thorax  sometimes  margined  superiorly.) 

(I,    Tlmriix  hut  slii/lilli/  ndoniid  u'itfi   i/cllow;   {mimefimes  r/iiifr  Unci,-,  irilfi  rt   ^'  "■  '       -'-*'• 
yi'llow  sjiit  under  the  tciny)  ;  post-scnltl  ijuilt:  bUicIc  or  adorned  wilh  two     / 
yellow  dots.'  jC/i<^  ^'^'-    ^' 

132.   O.  ^«>rtoilianuS  Sauss. — Nii3;er ;    clypco  ant  oe   angustp  pro- <^^^  ^*/'  \fi,-it 

ducto,    siihliiilt'iit.ito ;     nn'tanoto    rngoso,    foveola    stri.ita,    inar^jitiilms  '   '     ' 

puiictati.^,  ol)tiisis  ;  alidoinine  ovato,  priino  segmeiito  valflo  pniictato, 
cupulif<)rini,basi  subtriiiicato,  sessili,  hocuikIo  luagis  teimitiT  piiiiftati) ; 
puiicto  inaiulibiilari,  frontali,  po:<t-oculari,  lineola  in  otMilormn  sinu, 
niaiMila  siibalaii,  puiictis  '1  post-scutflli  ot  alxloniinis,  semnHntormn  1', 
2'  inargine  tenuiter,  llavis  ;  20  segincnto  ntiinqiie  ilavo-pnni.'tato  et 
partiui  tlavo-marginato ;  genibus  ot  tarsis  ferrugineis ;  til)iis  anticia 
llavirt.  9- 
V(ir.  II.  TlioracH  oninino  nigro,  macula  flava  sul)alari. — /'.  Secumlo  abd. 
segniento  liaml  tlavo-niarginato. 

Od\jn.  Nortotuanus  Saus.m.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  105,  28,  J. 

Total  lengtb,  9  mm. ;  wings,  7  mm. 

9.  Hathcr  small,  riypcus  somewhat  triangular,  rather  narrowly 
produced  and  subbidentate.  Prothora.x  .somewhat  angulated. 
Po.st-scutel  .sliort,  forming  on  its  anterior  ((ir  superior)  ])art  a 
rounded  transverse  carina,  with  a  little  insensible  medial  tubercle; 
its  hinder  face  slightly  convex.  Metatliorax  rugose,  punctured, 
quite  rounded,  its  concavity  strigose,  not  marginate.  Head  and 
thorax  not  very  enarsely  cril)rose.  Abdomen  cvlindrieal,  ovoid; 
the  first  segment  .short,  truncate,  and  rounded  ai\teriorly,  as 
cril)rose  as  the  th<irax,  the  2d  slightly  constricted  at  base,  more 
finely  punctured,  becoming  more  coarsely  punctured  on  its  liinder 
pa  rt. 


•  Comp.  also  ..1.  Peyroti,  var. 


334 


IIYMENOI'TERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


i/ 


Black,  shilling.  A  little  mark  at  base  of  niatulil)lcs*  and  of  tho 
scape,  a  frontu!  spot,  a  little  line  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  a  post- 
ocular  dot,  a  spot  under  the  wing,  and  a  narrow  marginal  lino 
on  the  first  abd.  begment,  yellow;  knees  and  tarsi  ferruginous; 
anterior  tibiiu  yellow,  especially  anteriorly.     Wings  tran.sparent. 

I  a/\  a.  JJlaek.  A  spot  on  the  mandibles,  scape  beneath,  frontal 
and  post-oeular  spot,  a  little  line  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and 
one  on  the  suininit  of  the  eiypeus,  yellow  ;  the  two  spots  of  pro- 
thorax  quite  narrow;  a  spot  under  the  wing,  only  two  quite 
small  dots  on  the  post-seutel,  a  narrow  margin  on  the  .segments 
1,  2  of  the  alxlonien,  and  two  free  spots  on  the  '2d  segment,  yel- 
low. Feet  black;  knees  yellow;  tarsi  ferruginous;  auterior  and 
intermediate  tibiie  anteriorly  yellow. 

b.  The  margin  of  the  2d  segment  with  only  a  small  lateral  yel- 
low mark. 

7iV.ss.  a.  dijf'. — This  Odijverus  is  well  characterized  by  its  quite 
exceptional  livery,  the  thora.x  being  quite  black,  with  a  yellow 
spot  under  the  wing.  It  slightly  recalls  the  description  of  0. 
Tmi)hone,  but  the  post-scutcl  is  not  yellow,  and  the  metathorax 
not  ridged  on  its  inargin, 

llab.  New  England,  Connecticut.     Taken  by  E.  Norton. 


6.  Anterior  marr/in  of  prothorax  adorned  with  i/rllow,  hut  not  the.  posterior 
mari/in;  tlie  yellow  J'asciit  often  bilohed  or  intcrruptiil,  Fosaetle  of  mrta- 
thorax  lurije,  rather  trianyular,  occupijing  nearly  the  ivhole  width  of  the 
metathorax. 


»  Sometime/i  ttiere.  art  turn  IHtlf/ree  npnta  nn  the  2d  nhdnminal  stgme.ntt.    (These  very 
60.  U  Npots  »ra  very  ofteu  warilDg,  and  do  uot  conetltute  serious  charariters.) 

133.  O,  Tictoriee  Saups. — Niger,  tenuitcr  dense  piiiictatus  ;  metanoti 
foveola  panun  exuavaU,  uiargiiiilnis  iiiferi.s  subacutis ;  corpora  seriueo- 
snblanoso;  puiicto  maiidihularuin,  pnncto  frontali,  ocnlari  et  post- 
oculari,  scapo  subtus,  pronoti  margiiie  atitico,  macula  auJialari,  post- 
siutello,  metanoti  canthis,  abdominis  secmentoinm  marBinibiia,  tibiis 
et  tarsis,  flavis;  tegulis  rufis. —  ^arla^  puncto  mesonoli  et  puncto  utrin- 
que  2'  segmenti,  flavis. 
9  .  Clypeo  crassins  stripato-pnnctato  in  snmmo,  fapcia  arcnata  flava. — 
%  .  Clypeo  flavo,  bidentato ;  stiiga  mandibuloium  et  orbitia  internis, 
llavis  ;  mctanoto  sjepius  immaculato. 

Odyn.  Victoria  Sadss.  F.evne  de  Zoolog.,  IX,  1857,  279,  9. 

Total  hiigth,  10  mm.;  wing,  8  mm. 


ODYNERL'8. 


3;j5 


9.  Form  and  sizr  as  in  0.  anonnifi,  elypeus  coarsely  strigute- 
punetatc.  An  inip.x'ssed  point  behind  the  oct'lii.  Tliurax  KJiorter. 
Mt'lalhorax  ratlii'i*  llattenod  behind  ;  its  concavity  not  distinctly 
strigate;  the  latjrul  and  inferior  edges  sliarp.  The  first  segment 
of  abdomen  not  so  sessile,  nor  no  sliort,  more  ronndcd,  funnel- 
siniped  or  cnp-hapcd;  the  (Second  constricted  .it  base,  to  lit  into 
the  lirst.  The  whole  insect  finely  punctured,  more  linely  and 
more  densely  tuan  in  0.  anurmis;  the  2d  and  3d  segment  more 
strongly  so  than  *ho  iirst;  the  margin  of  second  more  coarsely 
cribrose;  its  edge  smooth,,  very  slightly  rellexed. 

lilack,  silky,  rather  woolly.  Ornaments  of  the  body  yellow, 
just  the  sam-j  as  in  O.  anurmis;  bui  the  lateral  spots  of  the  lirs,'^ 
two  segments  are  quite  small  or  wanting,  and  the  nmrginal  fascia 
of  prothorax  complete.  Teguluj  rufous.  Wings  cloudy,  prin- 
cipally in  the  radial  cell. 

Vur.  a.  Extremity  of  clypcus  with  two  yellow  marks;  5tli  abd. 
segment  not  nnirgined. 

b    Ornaments  and  feet,  except  at  base,  ferruginous. 

c.   Iso  yellow  spots  on  the  2d  segment. 

%.  Clypeus  yellow,  bidentate;  a  line  on  the  mandibles  and 
inner  orbits  yellow.     No  spots  on  the  2d  segment. 

Vnr.   Metathorax  quite  l)hick. 

7iV,sx.  a.  (Jiff. — A  very  difficult  species.  Most  resembles  O. 
Mni/us;  differs  from  it  by  its  more  triangular  posterior  face  of 
nu'tathornx,  somewhat  larger  size,  nnteniia!  not  fulvous  beneath, 
etc. — (Nevertheless  it  may  bo  a  variety  of  0.  viaijus.) 

From  0.  a)inrnri»  it  differs  by  its  volutinous  body  and  its  less 
cylindric  thorax,  wider  anteriorly. 

Hnh.  Mexico.  I  caught  2  9  in  the  mountains  of  Angnngneo 
(Michoacan);  %  9  near  rucrnavaca;  9  in  the  barranca  of  Mox- 
titlan  ;   4  %,  i  %  from  Orizaba  (Sumichrast). 

•*  Xrt  lateral  yfllnio  fjint  on  thf  abdomen.^ 
t  K.rcnv'ilion  of  mftathnrax  rather  large. 

134«  O.  Inca  Satps. — Pnrvnln^  ;  iifcrcr,  nlilqne  npqnnlltpr  pnnolntua, 
nietathiirace  rite  foveolato,  fovenla  piiiu'fnta;  r;ipitia  piiiK^tin,  pionoti 
margliiH  nntirn,  macnla   snbalari,  tegnlis,  pnflt-gi'UtelJn  nbdnmini.sque 


'  roiiipnrt'  nlno  O.  Viclnriir.  wliicti  Is  very  often  destitute  of  lateral  yel- 
low B^ipts  on  t)i)j  2(1  sitguiKiit  of  tlie  abdomen 


;]3r, 


HVMKN'OI'TKUA    oF    AMKHICA. 


[I'AIIT  I. 


Beginontornm  linilio,  |)!illiil»'  lliivix ;  ihmIUmim  iiit?rifi,  geiiilms,  tibiis 
niititu  tui>i-inie  hiiIpIum  liitcis. —  ij .  (Myjifo  I'liiiirgiiiiito,  llavo  ;  anteiiuis 
8ul)Ui!<  fulvis;  Hcnpi  fasuiii  lliivii ;  iili.i  iutuiuiitiit. 

Odliii.  Inca  SAU8S.   U«v.  ilu  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  lOf),  29,  9  ^. 

Total  luiigtii,  7  luiu. ;  wiug,  5.5  luiix 


9.  Small.  Tliornx  roiivox,  narrowed  posteriorly,  mnrfrinorl 
aiul  iiiigiiliite  jiiitcri'M'ly.  Tlio  whole  insect  densely  and  nliuiit, 
e{|iially  piiiietiired,  tlie  alidoiiieii  as  well  as  the  thorax.  .Meta- 
thorax  velutinoiis,  Iniiieiitc  a  little  behind  the  post-scutel,  liavinji^ 
n  rather  wide  eavity,  vvliieh  is  punctate,  rather  iuar;,nned;  tho 
lateral  ridges  salient,  forndng  nearly  a  blunt  angle  on  onrh  side. 
First  abd.  Hegnient  small,  cup-slmp(>d,  slightly  depressed  above, 
its  punctures  not  stronger  than  on  the  2d;  this  is  constricted  at 
base,  sid)tuberculate  at  biisi!  above,  (piite  eribrose;  the  punctures 
a  little  stronger  behind  than  anteriorly. 

Hlaek,  grayish-silky.  A  frontal  and  post-ocular  spot,  anterior 
margin  of  prothorax,  a  .spot  under  the  wing,  teguhu,  a  fascia  on 
the  post-scutel,  and  the  margin  of  all  the  al)(li)niinal  segments 
pale-sulphur  yellow  ;  tho  fasciie  (tf  the  segments  \-l  the  widest. 
Ani's  black.  Feet  black;  tibiae,  knees,  1,  -1,  and  tarsi,  pale  yel 
low;  tiliiie  black  behind;  tarsi  ol)seuro  above.     AVings  smoky. 

%.  Clyi)eus  polygonal-pyriform,  notched  and  bidentate,  palo 
yellow.  Mandiltles  black.  A  little  carina  between  the  antenna). 
Sinus  of  the  eyes  margined  with  yellow.  Antennui  fulvous 
beneath;  tho  scap(!  yellow  beneath  ;   the  hook  fulvous. 

7?(?.s.«  a.  diff. — This  approaches  the  0.  KcnnicoUianusi,  by  its 
form  and  its  pale  ornaments,  although  not  as  pale;  but  the  scutel 
is  not  parted  by  a  groove,  the  metathorax  not  so  rough ;  the  first 
segment  is  smaller,  not  so  coarsely  punctured,  and  the  2d  is  as 
coarsely  eribrose  as  the  first. 

IJab.  Peru  (E.  Norton.    Taken  by  II.  Edwards). 


tt  TixenvaUon  of  metathorax  umallfr  and  rounded. 

135.  O.  Wlystecus  Saups. — Niger,  tlavo-pictas  ;  clypeo,  thorace  et  lO 
alt'I.  spgmento  cmssn  cribrato-punctatis ;  secuiido  seginento  polito, 
sparse  et  magia  tenuiter  punetato,  niargine  impresso  et  crasse  punctato; 
capitis  macnlis,  pronoti  macniia  2,  post-scntello  alxtominisque  segmon- 
toriim  I'-H'  margine.  flavis ;  piiiui  fascia  latiore  utrinqae  aucta,  2"  subre- 
panda,  3»  tenuissima,  %  iiioompleta ;  pedibus  nigris  artubua  snbferru- 


ODYNKUUS, 

ginels  ;  olypoo  %  fliivo,  apice  nli^ro,  liispiuoso  ;  jilis  subliyaliuls,  icguli^ 
uigiia  llavo-tiiiiiiioulHtiH. 

Oili/n.  Mi/HeciiB  iikvmi.  ttevue  d«  Zool.,  IX,  ISRT,  27!>. 

Total  ItMigth,  8  luiu.;  win^',  (!  umi. 

9.  Clypcus  pyriloi'iii,  vory  coarsely  puiicturpil,  nomly  rotlcu- 
lutt'ly  riij^ose,  prolonj^ed  into  a  Hort  of  beiik,  sulMMiunviiuile  at 
tip.  Hi'ad,  tliorax,  and  lirst  ab(K>ii»iiial  si'^niirnt  drii-^ely  and 
8troii>j;ly  punctured.  Kd,u:e  of  prolliorax  liucly  ruiilnrcd,  il.s 
anj^lcs  snl)denlilui'in.  Mi-tatliorax  vortical,  convex,  very  ruj;i),se, 
rather  velutinons  ;  its  concavity  'Ty  sniiill ;  thorough  .superior 
faces  j)rolongin}5  tlionisiilvosou  I  lie  posterior  nido,  luavinj;  l»ul  little 
place  lor  the  conea .  ity  ;  the  lateral  edj?es  sharp  and  hairy. 
AI)donien  rather  short;  tiie  first  sogujcnt  roundetl,  not  short,  bell- 
siiaped,  stronj^ly  eril)rose,  ruii,ose  at  huso;  'Jd  Hcj^nu'nt  st>nie\vhat 
in  the  form  of  a  hawk's  bell,  rather  short,  polished,  and  more  linely 
punctured;  its  base  a  liti  o  constricted  aithouj?h  the  1st  .sejrmcnt 
is  but  littlo  narrower  thai,  the  2d  ;  its  nnirjjfin  havinjr  an  impressed 
Zone  of  coarse  punctures;  this  zone  havinjf  anteriorly  an  undu- 
late form  ;  ;jd  sof^ment  densely  i>unetureil. 

IJhick,  shininj?,  not  veliilinou.s  like  O.  Jltimtferua,  Mai/iiK.  and 
other  Mexican  species,  but  garnished  with  a  sericeous  jrray  pile, 
rather  argenteous  on  head  and  metathorax.  Mandibles  brown 
or  rufous;  there  are  often  two  yellow  sjjots  on  the  top  of  cly})eus  ; 
a  frontal  spot,  a  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and  a  post-ocular 
line,  yelhiw.  Antenme  black;  the  scape  below  yellow.  Two 
spots  in  the  middle  of  prothorax,  touching  its  posterior  edge,  a 
ijiiite  small  spot  under  the  wing  (or  noiu'),  post-scutel  and  ridges 
of  metathorax,  yellow;  teguko  brown,  margined  with  ferruginous, 
maculate  with  yellow;  the  margin  of  the  lirst  the  widest,  fused 
on  the  side  with  a  lateral  spot,  making  it  emarginati!  on  each 
.side  ;  the  yellow  fascia  of  the  second  .segment  having  two  widt; 
notches,  or  rather  undulate,  complete  boiu  ath  ;  the  .'Jd  margin 
(piito  narrow.  Feet  black;  knees  and  tarsi  J)eneatli  rather  ferru- 
ginous.    Wings  subhyaline,  not  ferruginous-brown. 

%  .  Hook  of  the  antennaj  ferruginous.  Clypous  squarely  poly- 
gonal, longer  than  wide,  produced  inferiorly  triangularly,  and 
terminated  by  two  separating  teeth  or  spines;  its  surface  quite 
coarsely  punctured,  yellow,  with  its  extremity  black. 

The  spots  of  the  head  larger,  the  siuus  of  tbc  eyes  quite  yellow. 
22 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


// 


W 


^9  €^. 


^    w 


A 


Ux 


4= 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


121 


:,2 


■  56       H^ 

If  i;£ 


1.4 


6' 


M 
1.6 


V] 


<^ 


/i 


o>^ 


^' 


'/ 


/A 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


^•^ 


^> 


^l 


^ 


:\ 


V 


\ 


^ 


V 


^S- 


O^ 


# 


<^^ 
<> 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872  4503 


%^. 


ts 


m.s 


338 


HYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


The  anterior  edge  of  prothorax  with  a  nearly  complete  subraar- 
ginal  yellow  band ;  no  spot  under  the  wing ;  the  yellow  band 
of  the  3d  segment  incomplete.  The  cavity  of  metathorax  larger, 
more  limited  superiorly. 

Far.  %.  Clypeus  with  its  lower  half  black;  metathorax  black. 
Ornaments  of  the  head  pale. 

Var.  9  % .  Flagellum  slightly  ferruginous  beneath.  Tcgula3 
blackish ;  border  of  3d  segment  wanting,  or  incomplete  or  com- 
plete. 

Hess.  a.  cliff. — A  small  species,  rather  distinct  by  the  very 
coarse  punctures  of  the  clypeus,  the  coloration  of  the  male,  the 
colors  of  abdomen  and  coarse  punctures  of  the  first  segment,  and 
its  clothing  more  sericeous  than  velutinous.  The  coarse  rugosi- 
ties of  metathorax  must  not  cause  it  to  be  confused  with  0. 
otomitus;  this  is  a  velutinous  insect  not  as  small,  with  a  different 
livery  and  more  angulate  metathorax. 

Hub.  Mexico..  I  caught  2  9,3^  near  Cuautla,  in  the  hot 
part  of  the  province  of  Mexico,  and  1  %  in  the  Mechoacan. 

136.  O*  Catepetlensis  Sauss. — Minntus,  niger,  capite  elevato;  an- 
tennis  inferius  insertls ;  metathorace  foveolato ;  mandibulis  apice 
rufls  ;  clypei  apice,  puncto  frontali  et  post-oculari,  inaculis  2  pronoti, 
tegulis,  puncto  subalari  post-scutelloque,  flavis  ;  abdomine  valde  punc- 
tato,  segmentis  lO,  20  flavo-limbatis  ;  pedibus  fulvis,  basi  nigris.  Alis 
subhyalinis  iu  costa  fusco-ferrnginescentibus. — Long.  9  mm. —  9  •  ^^- 
tennis  nigris, —  %  .  Clypeo  paulum  bidentato,  flavo  ;  mandibulis  antice 
et  scapo  subtus  flavis;  flagello  subtus  ferrugineo. — yarm/.  signaturis 
luteis. 
Odyn.  Catepetlensis  Sauss,  Et.  Vesp,  III,  255,  132. 

I  did  not  find  this  species  in  Mexico,  and  have  not  seen  it  again 
since  I  described  it.  The  type  in  Spinola's  collection  has  been 
destroyed.     It  seems  to  approach  closely  to  0.  mystecus. 

liab.  Mexico. 

ISf.  O.  mayils  Sauss. — Niger,  oinereo-sericeus,  flavo-multipictus  ; 
pronoto  antice,  post-scutelli  fascia,  abdominisque  segmentorum  margi- 
nibus,  ochraceo-flavis  ;  tibiis  antice  flavis;  tegulis  ferrugineis. —  9- 
Clypeo  truncato,  superne  macula  fulva. —  %  .  Clypeo  bidentato,  vel  sub- 
bidentato,  flavo;  antennarum  flagello  subtus  fulvo;  pedibus  partim 
flavis. 
Odyn.  Maya  Causs.  Revue  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  279. 

9 .  Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wing,  6.8  mm. 

%  .  Total  length,  8  mm. ;  wing,  6  mm. 


PART  I. 

sul)ni  av- 
ow band 
K.  larger, 

ix  black. 


Tcgulse 
or  cum- 


tho  very 
luile,  the 
iieut,  and 
;e  rugosi- 
with  0. 
L  diCfcreut 

I  the  hot 
can. 

evato;  an- 

alis    apice 

2  pronoti, 

aide  punc- 

igris.    Alia 

—  9.  An- 

ulis  antice 

signaturia 


it  again 
has  been 


iltipictus  ; 
im  margi- 
ineis. —  9  • 
o,  vel  sub- 
US  partim 


0DYNERU8. 


339 


9.  Olypeus  rather  bicarinate,  polished,  cribrose,  truncate  at 
tip.  On  the  vertex  a  small  impression.  Prothorax  scpiarely 
cut,  its  angles  not  prominent.  Metathorax  rounded,  punctured 
a  little  less  than  thorax  ;  its  cavity  small,  rounded,  punctured. 
The  lateral  ridges  argcnteous.  Abdomen  ovate ;  nearly  as 
strongly  punctured  as  the  tuorax ;  the  first  segment  cup-shaped, 
a  little  margined ;  the  second  rather  wide,  its  margin  having  a 
wide  zone  of  more  coarse  punctures;  not  channelled,  its  extreme 
edge  very  finely  margined ;  the  3d  and  4th  rather  strongly  punc- 
tured. 

Black,  silky,  with  the  metathorax  argcnteous.  A  spot  on 
mandibles,  a  transverse  spot  on  the  summit  of  the  clypeus,  frontal, 
ocular  and  post-ocular  dot,  and  scape  beneath,  yellow.  Anterior 
margin  of  prothorax  adorned  with  a  moderately  wide  yellow 
fascia,  sometimes  narrowed  on  the  sides,  bilobate  in  the  middle. 
A  yellow  fascia  on  post-scutel;  wing  scales  ferruginous,  margined 
with  yellow.  All  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  regularly  margined 
with  yellow  (rather  ochraceus);  the  first  rather  narrowly,  the 
second  ve^y  widely;  anus  yellow  at  the  extremity.  Feet  black; 
wings  subhyaline,  nerves  subferruginojs,  the  apex  somewhat 
smoky. 

Var.  Metathorax  black,  or  with  two  lateral  yellow  lines. 

% .  Clypeus  pyriform,  yellow,  terminated  by  two  little  triangular 
teeth  (sometimes  blunted).  A  line  on  the  mandibles  and  a 
vertical  line  between  the  antenna;,  yellow.  Flagellum  of  the 
antennce  fulvous  beneath.  Yellow  margin  of  prothorr.x  narrow. 
Metathorax  a  little  more  triangular.  Second  abd.  scgnnMit  not 
so  widely  margined.  Knees,  tibiae,  an.  "^prsi  yellow,  obscure  on 
their  posterior  face. 

Var.  Wing  scales  ferruginous. 

Var.  9  Z. — a.  Form  narrow;  anus  black;  margins  of  segments 
3,  5,  6  narrow;  anterior  margin  of  prothorax  narrow. 

6.  Metathorax  quite  black. 

c.  Margin  of  the  abdo"iinal  segments  wide;  anus  yellow  (0. 
3Iaya  Sauss). 

d.  A  spot  under  the  wing  or  no  spot. 

e.  The  abdomen  blacker,  with  argcnteous  reflect'on;  its  yellow 
ornaments  more  golden. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — It  differs  from  0.  mystecus  by  the  livery  of  its 
abdomen ;  by  its  metathorax,  not  rough ;  by  the  yellow  band  of 


340 


HYMENOPTERA   OF    AMERICA, 


[part  I, 


1st  segment  not  widened  on  the  sides,  but  on  the  contrary  nar- 
rowed; 2d  segnjont  without  an  impressed  marginal  band  ;  clypeus 
?  not  as  coarsely  punctured  and  biearlnate ;  size  somewhat 
larger,  etc. 

From  0.  Victorise  it  is  distinguished  by  its  shorter  form,  and 
raetathorax  not  so  triangular,  and  antenna;  of  %  fulvous  beneath. 

Ilah.  Mexico,  I  caught  several  9  %  in  the  temperate  terrace 
of  Cuernavaca,  near  Yautepec ;  and  iu  the  valley  of  Mextitlau. 


c.  Posterior  margin  of  prothorax,  and  often  also  the  anterior  margin  bordered 
with  yelloio.    (Insects  often  velvety.) 

138.  O.  Hliastecus  SAnss. — Crr-ssiasculus,  fulvo-velutinus,  densis- 
siine  punctatus,  metaiioto  argentato,  minus  distincte  puiictato  (luam 
mesonotum  ;  clypeo  apice  et  snperne  fulvo-maeulato  ;  proiioti  margine 
aiitico  et  postioo,  macula  subalaci,  post-scutelli  fascia,  metanoti  canthis 
abdomiiiisqne  segiiientorum  limbo,  fulvis  ;  2'  seginenti  margine  et  tertio 
grosse  puuctatis;  tibiis  antice  fulvis;  alls  aubfuscesoontibus,  tegulis 
fulvo-marginatis. —  'J, ,  Clypeo  ovate,  flavo-bi:lentato  ;  secundi  abd.  seg- 
menti  margine  paulum  reflexo, —  Vnriat.  f.  Clypeo  et  metathorace 
nigris. —  '^  .  Autennis  subtus  fulvis. 

Otlyn.  Hiiastecus  Sadss,  Revue  de  Zool,,  IX,  1857,  278. 
Odijn.  sobrinus  Sacss.,  Ibid.,  278,  "^  (ivir.). 

Total  length,  11  mm. ;  wing,  8  mm. 

The  size  of  0.  anormis.  A  little  impression  behind  the  ocelli. 
Clypeus  triangular,  pyriform,  coarsely  punctured,  truncate  and 
biangulate  at  tip.  Prothorax  upturned,  subbiangulate.  Head 
and  thorax  dcnsoly  punctured,  velntinous;  metathorax  smoother; 
its  hinder  face  triangular;  having  a  small  concavity,  finely  strigate 
and  punctured,  not  margined  ;  superiorly  terminated  by  a  double 
arch,  but  not  ridged.  The  lateral  edges  (extending  from  the 
hinder  wing  to  the  articulation  of  the  abdomen),  compressed  and 
sharp,  covered  with  shining  silvery  hair. 

Abdomen  ovoid;  the  first  segment  rather  elongate,  cup-shaped 
or  rather  shortly  convex  funnel-shaped ;  the  2d  rather  in  form 
of  a  hawk's  bell,  constricted  at  base  to  fit  into  the  first.  The 
whole  abdomen  silky-velutinous  with  fulvous  reflections,  densely 
but  a  little  less  strongly  punctured,  than  the  thorax ;  the  second 
segment  not  quite  as  strongly  as  the  first ;  its  margin  coarsely 
punctured,  with  the  edge  very  little  reflcxed ;  the  3d  not  quite 
so  coarsely,  the  4th  finely,  the  5th  and  6th  not  at  all  punctured. 


ODYNERUS. 


341 


Black,  fulvo-velutinous.  Tlie  extremity  of  clypous  and  a  spot 
at  its  siininiit ;  a  frontal  and  ocular  sjjot,  a  post-ocular  line,  a 
line  under  the  scape,  fulvous-yellow  ;  the  anterior  and  posterior 
edge  of  prothorax  narrowly  bordered  with  the  same  color.  A 
spot  under  the  wing,  edge  of  wing-scales,  a  line  on  post-seutel, 
and  the  edges  of  metathorax  margined  with  fulvous ;  segments 
1-5  of  the  abdomen  regularly  margined  with  fulvous-yellow; 
fascia;  of  1st  and  2d  segments  broader;  of  the  others  iiarrow. 
Feet  black;  tibiae  yellow  anteriorly;  tarsi  fuscous.  Wings 
siuoky. 

Var.  a.  Last  abdominal  segments  without  yellow  margin. 

b.  Ornaments  of  the  body  more  yellow. 

c.  Clypeus  truncate  or  subbidentate. 

%.  Of  the  same  size  or  smaller;  not  so  much  of  fulvo-veluti- 
nous, head  argenteous  before.  Clypeus  ovate-polygonal,  longer 
than  wide,  bidentate,  argenteous-yellow.  The  hook  of  antennsB 
black.  Inner  orbits  fulvous.  Metathorax  generally  quite  black. 
The  margin  of  2d  abd.  segment  more  reflexed,  more  or  less  cana- 
liculate ;  its  base  above  somewhat  subtuberculate.  Va?\  No 
spot  under  the  wing.  Var.  f^obrimis  Sss.—Soraewhat  more 
plender.  The  ornaments  of  the  body  bright  yellow;  no  sp-ot 
luider  the  wing.  Metathorax  quite  black.  The  abdominal  seg- 
ments all  well  margined  with  yellow,  the  fascia;  of  medium  width. 
—  9.  Clypeus  black  or  with  a  yellow  spot  at  its  summit;  antenniB 
black,  the  scape  yellow  beneath.  Knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  yellow ; 
tibifB  blackish  beneath.— S .  The  flagellum  of  the  antenna;  orange 
beneath  ;  knees,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  yellow. 

Bess.  a.  dif.— In  livery  and  size  this  is  just  like  0.  otomitus, 
but  differs  by  both  margins  of  prothorax  being  bordered  with 
yellow  and  its  metathorax  not  rugose,  but  only  finely  punctured. 
It  has,  like  this  species,  the  anus  often  margined  with  ,  ollow  and 
the  antenna;  yellow  beneath,  but  the  wings  are  not  ferruginous 
as  in  this  species. 

It  resembles  0.  propinqmis,  but  differs  in  having  the  prothorax 
shorter  and  the  2d  segment  too  much  swelled,  with  the  margin 
more  reflexed.— Compare  also  0.  Peyroti  which  is  a  quite  allied 
species,  but  with  black  feet  and  narrow  borders  of  first  iiegment, 
and  a  wide  bordering  on  2d  segment. 

O.  Totonacus  is  a  much  more  slender  anr  naked  species. 

Hah.  The  temperate  and  elevated  parts  of  Mexico.     I  caught 


342 


IIVMENOPTERA   OP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


a  %  in  the  valley  of  Mexico  ;  and  several  other  specimens  in  the 
teniijerale  regions  of  Cuernavaca,  of  the  lluasleeu,  and  in  the 
valley  of  Mextitlan, 

Observalion. — 1  have  joined  0-  sobrinus  with  0.  Ihiatiterus, 
because  new  specimens  seem  to  establish  the  transition  between 
the  two  presumed  species.  Nevertheless,  0.  mibrinns  has  a  some, 
what  difl'erent  metathorax.  It  is  extremely  diHicult  to  decide 
upon  the  species  of  these  small  Odyneri,  all  quite  variable. 

139.  O.  OtomitusfiAUSS.  (Fig.21.)— 0.  //nas^crosimilis,  paulomiiior, 
argenteo- vel  I'ulvo-velutinus ;  pronotobideiitato;  iuetii\.?U-nii(t.fimeruij<iso, 
valde  foveolato ;  pronoti  margiiie  postiuo  et  angulis,  fascia  post-sentelli, 
teguliH,  abdominis  segineiitorum  limbo,  oubraffeis ;  macula  snbalaii 
nulla;  mt'tanoto  immaculate;  tibiis  fulvo-niaculatis  ;  alls  feirnttiiieis, 
apice  griseis. —  9-  Clypeo  truncate,  nigro,  in  summo  macula  fulva. — 
%  .  Cl.vpeo  bideutato,  albido  vel  niveo  ;  antenuis  subtus  pallide  I'ulvis. 
Odi/n.  olomitus  Sauss.  Revue  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  278. 

Total  length,  9 »  9  mm. ;  wing,  % ,  7  mm. 

A'cry  similar  to  0.  Huastecus ;  having  the  same  appearance, 
and  the  same  kind  of  livery;  differing  principally  in  the  following 
characters. 

9.  Size  rather  smaller.  Clypeus  less  elongate,  truncate  at 
tip.  The  impression  of  the  vertex  more  distinct.  Angles  of 
prothorax  quite  dentiform.  Metathorax  truncate ;  its  hinder 
face  occupied  by  a  lai'(je  and  deep  concavity,  punctured  and 
rugose,  but  not  margined  by  sharp  edges ;  the  upper  face  of  the 
metathorax  and  the  edges  of  the  excavation  extremely  rough, 
occupied  by  very  large  punctures,  or  rather  by  little  reticulate 
dimples,  which  occupy  the  superior  margin  of  the  excavation. 
First  abd.  segment  punctured,  much  like  the  head ;  the  second 
densely  punctured,  and  having  on  its  posterior  margin  a  little 
stronger  zone  of  punctures,  but  this  margin  not  canaliculate, 
nor  reflexed  ;  the  3d  still  rather  strongly  punctured  ;  those  fol- 
lowing densely  but  not  strongly  punctured.  The  whole  insect 
rather  velutinous,  clothed  with  grayish  or  fulvous  pile.  Meta- 
thorax argenteous.  A  spot  or  a  band  on  the  summit  of  the 
clypeus,  a  frontal  spot,  a  line  on  the  scape,  a  very  little  spot  in 
the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and  a  spot  or  line  behind  their  summit,  dull 
yellow.  Posterior  margin  of  prothorax,  its  angles,  and  a  line  on 
post-scutel  fulvous  or  dull  yellow.  Tegulaj  ferruginous.  No  spot 
under  the  wing  nor  on  the  metathorax. 


ODYNERUS. 


343 


All  the  abdominal  segments  regularly  margined  with  oehrc- 
yellow;  the  anal  seymeid  yelluw  or  margined  with  yellow.  The 
faseiffi  rather  wide  ;  the  first  being  the  narrowest.  Feet  blaek ; 
tibiae  a  little  spotted  with  yellow,  ol'tea  yellow  anteriorly  ;  tarsi 
slightly  ferruginous.  Wings  ferruginous  with  the  extremity 
smoky. 

Var.  a.  The  body  grayish-velutiuous  or  fulvo-velutiuous. 
h.  Clypeus  quite  blaek. 

c.  Angles  of  prothorax  searcely  dentiform. 

d.  A  little  yellow  marginal  line  on  both  sides  of  the  lower 
part  of  the  exeavatiou  of  the  metathorax. 

e.  Anus  blaek. 

S.  Clypeus  rather  pyriform-elongate,  bidentate,  white  or  lute- 
ous,  as  also  the  frontal  spot  and  the  inner  orbit  of  the  eyes. 
Antenna9  beneath  yellow  or  fulvous;  the  hook  areuate,  blaek. 
The  7th  abd.  segment  only,  margined  with  yellow. 

Var.  a.  Clypeus  obtusely  bidentate. 

b.  Anus  not  margined  with  yellow. 

An  examination  of  numerous  speeimens  has  shown  notable 
differences  in  the  form  of  nietathorax :  1°.  Sometimes  it  is  quite 
widely  excavated,  the  lateral  parts  forming  ve.-y  salient  borders, 
or  it  is  even  rather  angulate  on  each  side.  The  strong  rugosities 
form  sometimes  a  sort  of  arched  edge,  margining  the  fossette 
superiorly;  sometimes  they  have  a  tendency  to  delineate  angular 
ridges  margining  the  cavity,  making  this  bipentagonal  as  in  the 
true  Ancistrocerus  (A.  eapra,  etc.)._2°.  In  other  specimens  the 
metathorax  is  not  so  angulate,  nor  so  excavated  ;  its  side  margins 
are  not  so  produced,  but  it  is  more  rounded ;  the  fossette  is 
smaller  and  rounded,  more  closed  and  confined  by  the  rugosities. 
This  is  more  frequent  in  the  males. 

These  various  forms  greatly  embarrassed  me  until  I  could  com- 
pare numerous  speeimens.  It  is  important  to  notice  that  tlie 
principal  character  of  this  species  is  the  very  rugose  sculpture  of 
the  metathorax,  its  form  being  variable.  It  is  still  more  rugose 
and  oxcavated  than  in  0.  mystecus. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — A  distinct  species,  well  characterized  by  its 
metathorax,  as  just  indicated  ;  by  its  bidentate  prothorax,  and 
the  abundant  yellow  margination  of  the  abdomen,  and  anus,  often 
yellow. 

In  the  male*the  antennae,  yellow  beneath,  recall  the  0.  Unas- 


344 


HYMENOl'TKUA   OF    AMEUICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


tecus  var.,  and  Peyroli,  which  have  the  same  livery,  but  not  tlie 
rough  nietathorax,  and  dill'cr  also  %  by  tho  rollnxed  nnirgin  of 
its  2d  segment  and  the  lirst  having  both  the  margiuti  oi"  prolhorax 
yellow. 

(Compare  with  0.  nii/stecus,  which  has  also  a  rough  mcta- 
thorax.) 

Hub.  The  hot  and  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  I  caught  5  9, 
4  %  near  Tami)ito,  and  in  the  temperate  part  of  the  province  of 
Mexico,  near  Vautepcc. — Numerous  specimens  were  cauglit  I)y 
my  companion,  Mr.  Sumichrast,  iu  the  Oriental  Cordillera,  Cor- 
dova, Orizaba,  e'c. 


140.  O.  similis  Smith. — Niger,  fulvo-velntinus  ;  piincto  frontali  et 
clypei  apicis,  alulouiiuisque  segmentorum  2'-(J'  margiue,  flavis ;  alia  iu 
costa  ferrugiiieis.     9- 

Odyn.  similis  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  Vespid.  80,  202,  $. 

Total  length,  4^  liuea. 

9.  Black,  covered  with  ochraceous  pubescence,  and  having 
also  a  clothing  of  changeable  golden  pile.  Clypeus  truncate  at 
the  apex;  the  lateral  angles  acute,  subdentatc.  A  yellow  spot 
between  the  antennn3  and  another  at  the  apex  of  the  clyi)ous. 
Thorax  slightly  narrowed  anteriorly  and  posteriorly ;  tho  ante- 
rior margin  of  the  prothorax  not  raised  or  sharply  truncate. 
Metathorax  rounded  at  the  sides  and  truncate  posteriorly,  and 
slightly  concave.  Abdomen :  first  segment  much  narrower  than 
the  second,  strongly  punctured ;  its  apical  border  marginate  ;  the 
apical  border  of  the  2-5  segment  with  a  broad  yellow  fascia,  the 
apical  segment  yellow,  with  a  black  spot  in  the  middle  of  its 
base ;  the  fasciae  of  the  segments  continued  beneath.  Wings  hya- 
line; the  anterior  margin  of  the  superior  pair  yellowish;  nervures 
ferruginous. 

Hab.  Mexico. 

This  species  by  its  golden  velntinous  clothing  and  ferruginous 
wings  seems  to  approach  very  nearly  to  0.  otomitus,  and  maij^is, 
but  differs  by  its  quite  black  antennae,  thorax,  first  segment,  and 
leet.  This  should  separate  it  more  from  0.  Payroll  var.,  although 
differing  in  several  characters,  this  species  having  more  argente- 
ous  pile,  antennai  not  quite  black,  etc. 


ODYNEKUS. 


345 


141.  O.  Peyroti  Sapsh.— Niger,  argmiteo-scrioens,  coiifHrtiin  piiiicta- 
tus;  abaomine  n.agi.  tenuiler  pun.tat.. ;  pronoto  l.i.ientato,  posticn 
Unnxiim-  fulv<.  liml.uto  ;  «cripi  fa.scia,  p„st-s,.,itelli  fascia  al„lo,ui„i.s<,»e 
segawMUorum  2'-tii  n.arginil.us  late,  ouhraceis  ;  pri.no  seg.nent,,  trigonali- 
cupil.forau,  t.nuitcr  fulvo-li.nbato ;  pe.libus  nigris,  antids  antice  llavis 
VelUiivis.-J.  Clvpeiis  superne  luaaila  Ilava,  pin.ctis  capitin  Mavis.- 
S  .  Clypeo  bidentato,  o.  bitarum  .uargiue  iutemo,  luteis  j  anteuuis  subtus 

lUlVLS, 

Odyn.  Pcyroti  Saq8s.  Revue  de  Zoologie,  IX,  1857,  278. 
%  .  Total  length,  9  mm, ;  wing,  (;.5  mm. 

?  .  Clypcus  bicarinato.  Thorax  short.  Angles  of  prothorax 
dentiform.  Metuthorax  rou.ule.l;  its  concavity  sn.all,  ronn.l.Ml 
stnjrato-punctate.  Heml  and  tliorax  densely  punctured ;  the' 
motathorax  more  volutiuous,  not  so  stro.igly  punctate.  Abdo- 
men not  sessile ;  the  first  se-nient  not  truncate  anteriorly,  but 
triangularly  rounded,  cup-shaped,  nearly  funnel-shaped,  about  as 
wide  as  long.  The  second  rather  short,  its  margin  more  strongly 
punctured,  the  rest  more  finely  punctured  than  the  thorax ;  the 
first  segment  scarcely  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  2d. 

Black,  grayish-silky,  with  a  strong  reflection  on  head  and 
metathorax.  A  spot  on  the  superior  part  of  clypeus,  a  line 
under  the  scape,  a  frontal  ocular  and  post-ocular  spot,  a  very 
narrow  line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  prothorax,  and  its  angles, 
fulvous;  aline  on  post-scutel,  edges  of  metathorax,  the  narrow 
margin  of  the  1st  abd.  segment,  and  a  broad  one  on  the  2d-(;th, 
ochre-yellow;  anus  black,  or  margined  with  yellow.  Feet  black,' 
the  anterior  pair  fulvous  anteriorly.  Wings  hyaline,  brown  at 
the  extremity,  slightly  ferruginous  at  base;  uerves  brown  or  fer- 
ruginous. 

Var.  a.  Both  edges  of  prothorax  margined  with  yellow. 
6.  A  yellow  spot  under  the  wing. 

c.  Anterior  edge  of  prothorax  black. 

d.  Metathorax  immaculate. 

e.  Wings  somewhat  ferruginous. 

Z.  Clypeus  longer  than  wide,  bidentate,  pale-yellow,  argenteous. 
Antennae  black,  fulvous  beneath ;  the  scape  and  inner  orbits  with 
a  yellow  line.  Metathorax  quite  black.  The  first  segment 
smaller,  more  triangular.  The  edge  of  the  second  segment  a 
little  reflexed. 

Var.  a.   The  first  segment  scarcely  margined  with  fulvous. 
b.  2^0  frontal  nor  post-ocular  spots. 


34G 


IIYMKNOl'TKUA    <.F    AM  Kit  !C  A. 


[I'AllT  I. 


Ili',ss.  a.  (Jiff. — 'I'liis  is  II  very  (lilliciilt  specioa.  Tho  ycllitw 
iimrf^iii  of  llio  2(1  scjiiiii'iit  in  riitlicr  In-ciimrgimito  as  in  0,  ?ui/«- 
tecuH. — Till!  i)<)(ly  is  iKti  fulvo-vdutinous  us  in  JIiiiDitecua  uiid 
Olomittis,  l)ut  inoH'  black,  with  silky  argouteous  roflections;  thu 
iiK'tiitlmrax  is  not  rough  as  in  Ofuniilua,  nor  so  widely  excavated. 
— It  diflors  also  from  JIanstecu.'<,  l>y  its  acute  pffjthoracic  angles 
nnil  smaller  size,  its  deeper  and  more  rounded  nietatlioraeic 
cavity,  the  yellow  margins  of  abdomen,  especially  tho  2d,  wider; 
tho  1st  being  much  narrower,  and  its  feet  black.  It  can  be  easily 
distinguished  by  the  wide  margin  of  2d  segment.  Sonietinies, 
t'speeially  in  the  males,  the  head,  prutliora.\,  and  iirst  segment  arc 
almost  wholly  black. 

JIal).  Mexico.  This  was  caught  in  tho  temperato  district  of 
Cuernavaca,  south  of  ^Mexico,  by  my  eomiianion,  II.  Pcyrot,  to 
whom  it  is  dedicated;  9  ^  also  have  been  taken  near  Orizaba, 
4  9,2^  (Sumichrast). 

d.   Prothorax  fjtiite,  yellow  ahuve,     Scntd  and  ])ost-scutel  yellow. 

142«  O*  COllimbaris  Sad.hs. — Niger;  luetathoracis  foveola  submar- 
giiiata  ;  abdoiniiiiti  2' Hcgmeiiti  niargine  subrcllexo  ;  dypeo  9  supunie, 
punoto  frontali,  oculaii  «t  post-oculari,  flavis;  scapo  subtus  flavo; 
pronoto,  inncula  siibalari,  scutello,  post-scutello,  metatboracis  cantbis, 
iibdoiiiinJH  segtnentoruni  limbo,  tibiisque  aiitice,  Ibavis;  alis  subhyaliuis, 
costa  subferruginea,  apice  griseo ;  tegulis  ferragiueis.     9  • 

Oilyn.  coluviharh  Sauss.  Et.  Vesp.,  I,  158,  42':  pi.  xvii,  fig.  3  (1852). 
Hah.  South  America,;  Columbia,  (type  in  the  Paris  Museum.) 


3.  Body  elongate,  slender  ;  the  abdomen  especially,  very  slender. 
Mctathorax  convex,  having  no  longer  a  distinct  excavntipn, 
but  .sooner  ])arted  by  a  large  groove,  which  separates  its 
two  cheeks,  somewhat  as  in  Eumenes.  Abdomen  slender, 
spindle-shaped ;  the  first  segment  elongate,  fuiDiel-shajjed, 
sometimes  subpedunculate. 

(Group  of  0.  Tntonacus.) 

These  insects  are  all  small,  shining,  not  velutinous;  black,  with 
luteous  ornaments.  They  have  quite  tho  same  appearance  as 
those  of  Section  III  (see  below),  but  the  scutel  is  black,  the  pro- 
thorax  has  its  hinder  margin  bordered  with  pale  colors,  and  tho 
post-scutel  is  not  truncate. 


ODYNfiUUH. 


347 


(Ainonff  the  Stenancistroceri  this  typo  is  rcproscntcil  by  Sttn- 
anc.  Fariaai.) 

143.  O.  Totouttcus  Saurs.     (Fig.  2X)-^^i  n>inut,.M,  gracilis,  ,n>.r, 
liUMus,    ciuereo-sul.sericeus,    c.ril,mt(.-,.unctatu. ;    luetanoto    convt-xo 
te.uuHsnne  punctulato,  foveola  vol  i...tius  suloo  striato  ,llvi.s.,.  canting 
ar«enteo-i,il.,,.i.s  ;  alnloiuiniH  pri.uo  seg.aeuto  convexo-inCun.lilMilifonui  • 
cai.itis  pu.ictis,  pronoli  marline  postieo.post-mHitdlo.  inetai.oti  fasciis  2 
macula  nubalari  seg.nentoru.n.iu.,  l'  2«  ,uargi„o,  snlfureis  vel  albi.iis'  •' 
tilMisanUoHsulfinvo-notati.;  tegulis  nigris.-^.  Auteuuis  Hubtus  Jer' 
rugmeis  ;  clypeo  subeuiarginato,  luteo,  iiigro-iuarginato. 
Odyn.  Totonacus  Sadhs,  Reviio  de  Zool.,  IX,  1857,  278. 
Total  length,  10  mm.  ;  wing,  S  mm. 

9.  Form  slcnilor,  elongate,  narrow.     Iload  as  high  as  wide  • 
the  notch  of  the  eyes  opened,  triangular;  clypous  rather  strongly 
punetate,  rather  widely  truncate,  biangulate.  or  havin-  a  little 
c..nr'ave  apical    margin.     An    impressed   point  on   the  vertex 
1  rothorax  squarely  cut,  anguhite,  sligntly  bidentate.     IFead  and 
thorax  densely  cribrose;  the  flanks  more  finely  punctate ;  meta- 
thorax   narrowed,   triangular,    slightly   biconvex,   smooth,   very 
finely  punctured  only,  not  cribro.se,  like  the  rest  of  thorax-  its 
excavation  being  rather  a  wide  groove  than  afossette;  delicately 
stngate-punctate;  the  lateral  ridges  very  sharp,  garnished  with 
wh.t.sh  ha<r.    Abdomen  slender,  elongate;  first  segment  eonv.-x 
triangular,  cribrosr  like  the  thorax;  the  second  finely  punctured' 
contracted  at  base  or  subtubereulate;   its  margin  a  little  n.ore 
coarsely  punctured  than  the  rest,  but  without  a  distinct  zone  not 
canaliculate  ;  the  following  less  and  less  strongly  punctured 

Black,   shining,   with    sparse  grayish    down.     Scape  beneath 
fulvous;  a  spot  on  the  mandibles,  a  frontal  spot,  ocular  and  post- 
ocu  ar  spot,  pale  yellow  ;  posterior  margin  of  prothorax  and  its 
angles  a  spot  under  the  wing,  appendix  of  tegular,  anterior  mai.nn 
of  post-scutel,  two  elongate  marks  on  the  inferior  extremity  of 
metathorax,  and  a  narrow  margin  on  the  1,  2  abd.  segments  pale 
sulphur-yellow;    the  yellow  fascia  of  the  second  generally  still 
narrower  than  that  of  the  first;  both  a  little  prolonged  on  the 
ateral  angles  of  the  segments.     Teguhe  black  or  margined  with 
brown  _    Feet  black;  tibiae  anteriorly  with  a  sulphur./ellow  line; 
tarsi  slightly  brownish,  or  rather  ferruginous.    Wings  smoky. 

'  Vel  potius  stramineis. 


348  nYMKXdl'TKKA    OF    A.MKHICA.  [I'AUT  I. 

Var.  a.   Clypciis  with  a  yollDVv  s\u)l  ul  f-iiiuiiiit. 

h.   ilc-tid  iiniiiuciiliili'. 

t'.  Angles  of  itrotlionix  black;  its  posterior  margin  nearly  all 
black. 

(I.  Metalliorax  black;   only  tli(!  articular  valves  yellow. 

e.   Tlie  I'ascia  of  post-scutel  interrupted. 

/.  Seginenls  ;>-;">  narrowly  margined  with  brown. 

(J.  Tibiiu  anteriorly  obscure. 

1.  Not  (pjitc  as  slender;  thorax  shorter.  Second  segment 
more  tubereiilatc!  at  base.  Clypeiis  pyriform,  truncate,  its  apical 
edge  concave,  hardly  1  idenlate;  its  surface  white,  miirgined  with 
black.  Anteniiie  (jr'inge  beneath;  the  senpe  luteous  Itenenth. 
JVIaudibles  immaculate;  head  often  immaculate;  metalliorax  but 
little  maculate;  eoxaj  2-3  anteriorly  luteous. 

Var.  a.  The  femora  with  a  yellow  line  near  the  apex. 

b.  No  spot  under  the  wing. 

c.  Clypeus  quite  yellow. 

(/.  Segments  3-G  narrowly  margined  with  fulvous  ("only  one 
specimen). 

Var.  9  %.  Orimnionts  dull  yellow  (from  alteration?). 

Special  Varictij. — The  nmrgiu  of  the  second  abdominal  seg- 
ment a  little  depressed  or  slightly  canalieulat((,  more  coarsely 
punctured,  and  even  a  little  reflexed  in  %.  In  this  variety  the 
yellow  margin  of  the  2d  segment  is  as  broad  as  that  of  the  first. 
The  anterior  edge  of  prothorax  is  nnirgined  with  yellow,  and  the 
posterior  one  incompletely  nmrgined.    {9  %,  Orizaba.) 

Ress.  a.  diff. — A  species  distinct  by  its  elongate  slender  form, 
its  blaclc  shining  body,  cribrose  with  punctures  like  fine  strings, 
and  smooth  mctathorax;  as  also  by  its  scarce  ornamcwits,  straw- 
vellow  and  with  only  two  abdominal  faseiie,  the  hinder  margin 
of  prothorax  being  bordered  with  yellow.  It  is  very  similar 
to  0.  Tacuhayse,  but  much  larger,  and  more  strongly  punctured; 
the  abdomen  is  not  so  elongate,  the  2d  segment  is  scarcely  longer 
than  broad,  posteriorly  truncate,  not  arcuate,  etc. 


144.  O.  COyotUS  Sauss.  (Fig.  2(5.)— Niger,  minnins,  abdomine  gracili ; 
corpore  snbrugose  punctato  ;  metanoto  tenuissimo  punctato  ;  abdominis 
gegmentisio,  20vaMHpuiictatis  ;  seoundo  basicoiistricto  ;  scaposulttus, 
pnncto  fiontali,  oculari  et  post-ocnlari,  pronoti  margine  aiitico  et  postico 
tenuissime,  pauctis  2  post-acutelli  abdominisque  segiuentoruin  1',  2' 


0DYNEIIU8. 


310 


limbo  niigUrttH,  HulfiirelH  ;  tibiin  aiitici'  tftMitdjue  ^rriigiiieis.— ^  .  Cl)'i)eo 
albido,  iiifiou  Mubmuiugiimto;  niituniiitt  Mubtun  lonugiiiwi.i. 

0(Ji/n.  cuyolHs  Sauwh.  Kev.  .In  Zoril.  XXII,  1870,  106,  30,  ^. 
Total  length,  8  luui. ;  wing,  ti  mm 

Form  ilic  snnu!  tis  in  O.  tiAonaniK,  but  tlio  size  quite  small  as 
in   <).   Tdriihdijie.      Head    uiid    tliorux   very  dciiscly   and    rutlicr 
rugoHt'ly   i)uii(tur('d.    Kliajrivdiicd ;    po.st-sfuti'i    triiuifiMlur,    but 
having  at  its  summit  a  very  dciicalf  little  areuato  hharp  lino; 
looking  backward,   inutathorax  not  so  obliijue  oven  a.s  in  fulo- 
nacuii,  more  vortical,  not  rugose,  very  linely  punctured,  convex, 
with  a  liltio  fbssetto  on  its  inferior  part ;  its  edges  luiiry,  grayish. 
Tho  superior  articular  valves  of  the  apex  siiinin.rni.     Abdomen 
slender;   tho  lirst  segment  arcuate,  fuimel-shaped,  longer  then 
wide,   very   sliglitly   jjctiolatc,   and   with    a    depression    above. 
Second  segment  about  as  wide  as  long,  strongly  constricted  at 
ba.se,  which  makes  it  sul)bidontato  above  and  luMieath.     The  lirst 
two  segments  almost  eqiuilly  punctured,  as  strongly  as  the  thorax, 
but  shiidng;  the  following  less  and  less  strongly  so. 

Black.  Tho  dots  on  tho  head  nearly  imperceptible  or  want- 
ing; the  hinder  margin  of  prothorax  and  its  angles  quite  finely 
bordered  with  i)alo  yellow  ;  only  two  little  yellow  dots  on  the 
extremities  of  post-scutel,  and  the  first  two  segments  with  a 
narrow  sulphur-yellow  margin,  which  is  not  continued  on  the  sides 
of  the  first  segment.  Feet  black ;  tibiae  and  tarsi  somewhat  varied 
with  brown  or  ferruginou.s.     Wings  but  very  little  smoky. 

% .  Cly pens  white,  its  extremity  with  an  arcuate  subemarginate 
notch.  Mandibles  with  a  white  lino.  Flagollum  fulvous  beneath. 
Jtcss.  P.  f///7'.— This  insect  has  just  the  same  size  and  appearance 
as  O.  acoUnnis,  but  yet  is  very  different,  having  the  po.st-scut.' 
triangular,  not  flat  above,  truncate  behind,  not  crenulate.  I'rom 
0.  Tacubayse  it  differs  by  its  strongly  punctured  abdomen,  and 
its  shorter  2d  segment,  without  an  arcuate  margin,  shorter  meta- 
thorax,  etc. 

Hab.  Temperate  Mexico.     I  caught  two  males  in  the  valley 
of  Mextitlan  ;  one  from  Orizaba  (Sumichrast). 

145.  O.  Taciibayae  Sadss.  (Fig.  27.)— Minutns,  niger,  gracillimua, 
tenuiter  punctatus,  metanoto  depresso,  postice  producto;  abdominis  lo 
segmento  infundibaliformi ;  secnndo  valde  elongato,  marpine  postico 
areuato  ;  scapo  subtus,  frontis  macula,  pionoti  niarginibus,  fasfcia  post- 
soutelli  et  margiue  abdominis  segmentorum  10-20,  sulfureis  ;  tibiis  et 


350 


UYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


tarsis  ferrngiiieis.— %  .  Clypeo  piriformi,  nigro  et  llavo-  variegato ;  flagello 
subtas  fulvo. 

Od^ii.  Tucubaijic  Sadss.  Revue  de  ZooL,  1857,  279,  %  . 

Total  leugtL,  8  mm. ;  wing,  0  mm. 

Quite  small.  Form  quite  slender  aud  elongate,  particularly 
the  abdomen,  which  is  longer  thuu  head  aud  thorax  (S),  more 
elongate  than  in  0.  totonacus.  Head  aud  thoraxfineiycriljro.su- 
the  former  circular.  Scutel  parted  by  a  groove.  JVletathorax 
smooth,  quite  tiuely  punctured,  triaugular,  obliquely  produced 
posteriorly,  convex,  rather  flattened,  parted  superiorly  by  a 
groove,  iuferiorly  having  a  very  shallow  flattened  obsolete 
lossette;  the  lateral  edges  sharp,  arcuate,  clothed  with  argenteous 
pile.  The  articular  valves  of  the  apex  not  produced  into  long 
spines.  Abdomen  cylindrical ;  1st  segment  oonvex-funnel- 
shapcd,  narrow,  longer  than  wide,  as  stiongly  punctured  as  the 
thorax ;  having  an  obsolete  transversejdepression  before  its  edge ; 
2d  segment  much  longer  than  wide,  constricted  at  base,  subtu- 
berculate  above  at  base ;  its  posterior  margin  arcuate,  convex, 
having  a  line  of  stronger  punctures ;  beneath  near  the  base  it 
has  a  sort  of  transverse  wrinkle. 

Black,  shining,  grayish-silky.  Scape  beneath,  a  spot  on  the 
forehead,  a  post-ocular  spot,  anterior  and  posterior  edge  of  pro- 
thorax,  a  line  on  the  post-scutel,  and  inferior  ridges  of  metathorax 
sulphur-yellow.  Margin  of  the  tegula)  and  a  tubercle  under  the 
winfj,  ferruginous.  Post-tegular  appendix  black.  Articular 
valves  of  metathorax  yellow.  The  first  two  abdominal  segments 
narrowly  margined  with  sulphur-yellow ;  the  yellow  margin  of 
the  first  continued  on  the  sides  along  the  lateral  edges  of  the 
segments  (rather  inferiorly) ;  that  of  the  2d  complete  beneath. 
Feet  black ;  tibiae  and  tarsi  ferruginous.  Wings  very  slightly 
smoky. 

%  •  Clypcus  pyriform,  rather  bidentnte,  black,  with  two  longi- 
tudinal yellow  bands,  or  yellow,  with  a  central  irregular  black 
band,  and  inferiorly  margined  with  black.  Scape  of  the  antennas 
fulvous  beneath  ;  hook  fulvous,  Intermediate  coxae  spotted  with 
yellow. 

Var.  Segments  3-6  margined  with  brown ;  the  3d  beneath 
with  a  little  yellow. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — Resembles  0.  coyotus  and  totonacus,  but  not 


wm 


ODYNEftUS, 


351 


as  strongly  punctured,  and  un-y  distinct  by  its  motathorax  being 
moro  flattened  and  produced  posteriorly,  and  by  its  long  second 
abd.  segment,  with  an  arcuate  edge.  It  is  also  much  smaller 
than  the  last. 

JJab.    I  caught  only  males   in   the  valley  of  Mexico,   near 
Tacubaya. 

146.  O.  prililiosus  SMiTii.-Niger,  sericeus ;  capite,  thorace  et  abd. 
lo  seguiento  valde  punctatis  ;  fascia  dypei  summi,  puucto  frontali  et 
post-oculari,  prouoti  luargine  aiitico,  macula  subalari,  tegulis  paitim, 
post-scutello,  metanoli  canthis,  abdominisque  fasciis  2,  albidis  ;  pedibus 
1°,  20  albido  variis  ;  alia  subhyalinis.     9  . 

Odyn.  pruinosus  Smith,  Cat.  Brit.  Mas.,  Vesp.,  79,  200,  J. 

Lengta,  (J  lin. 

9.  Black;  in  certair  lights,  covered  with  fine  silvery  pile  :  the 
metatho'-.x  truncate,  slightly  concave,  with  a  central  impressed 
lino,  on  each  side  of  which  it  is  obliquely  striate  ;  a  stripe  at  the 
base  of  the  clypcus,  a  mftiuto  spot  between  the  antenna;,  and 
another  behind  the  eyes,  white  ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  base  of 
the  abdomen  strongly  punctured;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  pro- 
thorax,  a  spot  beneath  the  wings,  the  anterior  and  i)osterior 
margins  of  the  tegulss,  a  spot  behind  them,  the  post-scutcllum 
and  lateral  margins  of  metathorax,  a  spot  on  the  apex  of  anterior 
femora  behind,  and  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibite  outside, 
white;  the  1st  and  2d  segments  of  the  abdomen  with  white 
fasciaj  on  their  apical  margins;  that  on  the  second  continued 
beneath.     Wings  hyaline,  with  their  margins  clouded. 

Hab.  St.  Domingo. 

The  peculiar  forms  of  this  species  not  being  very  fully  indi- 
cated, I  cannot  be  certain  of  its  position.  I  place  it  near  to 
0.  totonacu.%  to  which  it  is  allied  by  its  livery,  which  is  au  indica- 
tion of  the  group. 

Here  probably  comes  the  position  of  two  species  of  which  I 
have  no  longer  the  types  under  my  eyes,  and  which  are  not 
described  with  sufficient  detail. 

141.  O.  Hiiro  Sauss.'— Parvnlus,  elongatus,  gracilis,  rugoaus,  niger; 
olypeo   disco'idali,  subbidentato;    proiioto    elongate,   groHse   putictato ; 


'  Perhaps  this  might  figure  better  in  the  subsection  of  0.  pennsylvanicus, 
perennis,  etc.  ? 


352 


IIYMENOPTERA    OF   AMERICA. 


[I'AUT  I. 


C- 


abdoniine  gracili,  puiicitato ;  aiitennis  et  clypno  omiiino  atris  ;  piinoto 
/  froiitali,  maculis  2  pronoti,  tegulis  partim,  post-scutello  et  abdominis 

segiiieiitoruiii    1',  2'  luaitrine  sat  Lite,  tiavis ;  tertii  fascia  flava  abbre- 
viata;    pedibiis   iiigris,  tib.ia  tlaviri,  tarsia  fuscis  ;    alid  bubiufuscatis. 
9  . — Longit.  9.5  mm. 
Otiyn.  Uuro  Sauss.  Et  Vespid.,  Ill,  297,  185,  9  (1854). 

Ilab.  United  States. 

14S.   C.  Mohican  us   Saups.— Minutns,  gracilis,  punctatus,   niger; 

puncto  froiitali  et  post-oculari,  maculis  2  pronoti,  pcst-sciitello  abdo- 

minisqne  segmentorum  1',  2'  liuibo,  flavis.     Tibiis  llavis,  tarsis  fuscis. 

Alis  hyalinis  venis  fuscis. — Longit.  8  niia. 
%.  Clypeo  discoidali,  flavo,  subemarginato ;  puncto  iu  labro  et  fascia  in 

scapo  flavis  ;  antennis  subtus  ferrugiueis. 

OJyn.  Mohicanus  Saoss.  Et.  Vespid.,  Ill,  297,  185,  %  (1854). 

Hah.  United  States.     State  of  New  York. 


III.  Mctalhorax  not  produced  sKperiorJy  beyond  the  post-Hcutel, 
convex ;  its  hinder  face  parted  by  a  deep  groove,  I'osT- 
scuTEL  TRUNCATE  ;  having  a  superior  tram^verse  face  and 
a  posterior  vertical  or  oblique  face ;  the  two  faces  neparaled 
by  a  sharp  edge. 

Form  quite  elongate,  exactly  the  .same  as  in  the  last  subdivision 
{II,  3),^  very  slender,  elongate;  the  abdomen  slender, 
spindle-shaped;  its  first  segment  funnel-shaped.  Fost- 
scutel  always  black ;  scutel  often  marked  wHh  yellow. — 
Insects  small,  blade,  shining,  xoith  pale  ornaments. 

These  insects  have  much  the  appearance  of  those  of  the  group 
of  0.  Totonaciis,  but  the  prothorax  is  marginate  anteriorly  and 
the  scutel  is  maculate,  not  the  post-scutel. 

A.  Metathorax  quite  unarmed  superiorly. 

149.  O.  AcollllIllS  Sauss. — Parvulus,  gracillimus,  elongatus,  nigpr, 
oribrato-punctatus ;  pronoto  antice  cristato-bidentato ;  post-scutello 
truncate,  elevato-cristato ;  metanoto  tenuitdr  punctate,  inermi,  bicon- 
vexo,  per  sulcum  partito;  abdominis  primo  segmento  infundibuliformi, 
valde  punctate,  basi  paulum  petiolato,  utrinque  subdentato,  supra  tuniido, 
an^e  marginem  transversira  subcanaliculato ;  secundo  paulo  depresso, 
basi  coarctato;  reliquis  vix  punctatis ;  pronoto,  scntello  abdotninisque 
segmentis  1°,  20,  vel  lo,  20,  4°,   flavo-marginatis ;   macula  subalari 

'  Page  346. 


ODYNERUS. 


353 


tibiisqno  basi,  flavis.-^.  Clypeo  flavo-bidenUto ;  antenuarum  scapo 
subtua  llavo. 

Odyn.  Acolhuus  Sadbs.  Revue  de  Zool.  IX,  1857,  280. 

Total  leugtb,  7  imu.;  wing,  5  mm. 

Vciy  small.     Head  circular  or  slightly  wider  than  long,  rather 
thick,  cmarginate  behind.     Sinus  of  the  eyes  not  much  opened 
on  the  inner  side      Thorax  wide  anteriorly;  prothorax  having 
its  anterior  niargin  a  little  concave,  crested,  its  angles  spiniform 
or  at  least  sharply  angulate.     Scutel  flat  above,  vertically  trun- 
cate ;  the  truncation  making  a  hinder  face,  transverse,  a  little 
rounded  on  the  lateral  angles;   the  sharp  edge  separating  the 
superior  and  posterior  face  quite  crested;  the  crest  erect,  trans- 
verse,  very  finely   crenulatc    (sometimes   not  well   developed) 
Metathorax    rounded-triangula/,    a    little   prolonged   backward^ 
convex,  parted  by  a  groove  or  a  channel.     Its  apex  with  pro' 
duced  bifid  articulate  valves,  but  not  spined.     Head  and  thorax 
densely  punctate,  the  metathorax  more  finely  punctate  than  the 
rest,  silky;   the  lateral  ridges  garnished  with  argenteous  hair 
Abdomen  elongate,  fusiform  (spindle-shaped),  subpetiolate ;  the 
first  segment  longgr  than  wide ;    its  base  shortly  pet)  late,  the 
remainder  funnel-shaped,  swelled  above,  a  little  toothed  on  each 
side;  sometimes  transversely  channelled  before  the  edge.    Second 
segment  not  much  elongate,  bell-shaped,  a  little  depressed     First 
segment  cribrose  like  the  thorax ;    2d  more  finely  punctured, 
except  on  its  hinder  margin;    3d  and  following  segments  not 
sensibly  punctured. 

Black.  Head  quite  black;  orbits  silvery;  a  yellow  spot  at 
base  of  the  scape.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  a  spot  under 
tho  wing,  posterior  margin  of  scutel,  articular  valvjB  of  meta- 
thorax, and  the  margin  of  the  first  two  abdominal  segments 
yellow.  Tcgulffi  ferruginous.  Feet  black  ;  tibia3  maculate  with' 
yellow  at  base;  their  apical  spine  yellow.  Wings  smoky,  prin- 
cipally  on  the  anterior  margin. 

Var.  a.   Segments  3-5  margined  with  fuscous. 
h.  Fascia  of  scutel  wide  or  narrow. 

c.  Segments  4,  or  4  and  5  incompletely  marglnate  with  yellow. 
9.  Clypeus  ovate-circular,  black,  punctate,  rather  bidcntate. 
%.  Clypeus  yellow,  nearly  heart-shaped,   but  reversed-    the 
inferior  part  widest,  with  a  little  notch  in  the  middle,  foiining 


354 


IIYMENOPTERA   OF   AMEKICA. 


[part  I. 


two  small  triangular  teeth  ;  scape  of  the  antennae  beneath  with  a 
yellow  line. 

Bess.  a.  diff. — A  distinct,  small  species,  well  characterized  by- 
its  truncate,  crested,  black  post-scutel,  which  distinguishes  it  from 
0.  coyotus,  tacubayse,  totonaous,  and  by  its  smooth  metathorax, 
which  separates  it  from  c/uc/imecMS  and  lepanecus. — Comp.  with 
0.  zendalus. 

Hah.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  Several  specimens  were 
caught  by  me  in  the  valley  of  Mextitlan,  others  were  sent  to  me 
from  Orizaba  by  Mr.  Sumichrast  (5  ^,  13  9). 


150*  O.  Zendalus  Sauss.  (Fig.  24,  24a.)— Niger,  nitidus;  capite  et 
thorace  crasse  punctatis ;  abdomiue  minus  crasse  et  parum  profunda 
punctato  ;  scutello  postice  acute  truuoato.  oristato  ;  primo  abdominis  seg- 
luento  trigouali-cupiMfonni,  superne  tumido,  prae  margine  constricto; 
pronoti  margine  autico,  scutelli  fascia,  abdominisque  segmentorum  1',  2' 
margine,  sulfureis.  Alis  fusco-uebulosis. —  J.  Clypeo  rugose;  autennis 
immaculatis. 

Odyn.  Zendalus  Sauss.  Revue  de  Zool.,  XXII,  1870,  140,  31. 

Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wing,  6.5  mm. 

Form  and  appearance  very  much  as  in  0.  Totonaous.  Head 
and  thorax  coarsely  cribrose.  Thorax  wide  anteriorly,  narrowed 
posteriorly.  Prothorax  finely  crested,  angulate.  Post-scutel 
strongly  truncate  and  sharply  crested;  its  superior  face  very 
short;  the  posterior  elevated  face  finely  punctured;  the  crest 
forming  the  separation  of  the  two  faces  finely  crenulate,  its  angles 
well  marked.  Metathorax  finely  punctured,  clothed  with  argen- 
teous  pile.  Its  cavity  smooth,  rather  square.  Abdomen  spindle- 
shaped;  the  first  segment  cup-shaped,  subtriangular,  swelled 
above  and  constricted  before  its  margin.  The  first  three  seg- 
ments with  very  shallow  punctures,  rather  large  ;  the  following 
finely  punctured. 

Black,  shining.  Head  quite  black.  Anterior  ma.'gin  of  pro- 
thorax,  a  fascia  on  scutel  (or  two  spots),  and  the  margin  of  the 
first  two  abdominal  segments,  yellow.  Tegulae  and  feet  black; 
tarsi  rather  ferruginous.     Wings  clouded  with  brown. 

9.  Clypeus  rounded,  rough,  scarcely  emarginate ;  antenna3 
quite  black. 

Ress.  a.  diff. — Quite  the  appearance  of  0.  totonaous,  but  very 
distinct  from  this  by  its  crested  and  black  post-scutel,  anterior 


ODYNERUS. 


355 


yellow  margin  of  prothorax,  and  strong  punctures.  It  lias  much 
the  form  of  O.  acolhuus,  but  differs  by  its  size  (twice  as  large), 
its  stronger  punctures,  its  higher  head,  its  first  abd.  segment,  not 
petiolate  at  base,  its  rather  difi'erent  livery,  its  immaculate 
antennae,  flanks  and  tibia,  ?. 

Hab.    The   temperate  part  of  Mexico.      Oriental  Cordillera 
(Sumichrast). 


B.  Melathorax  armed  superiorly  with  two  tubercles,  sometimes 

very  small. 

151.  O.  Nalllius  Sauss.— Niger,  gracilis,  elongatus,  crassissime  cribri 
instar  punctatus;  pronoto  bidentato;  post-scutello  antice  transverse 
cristato,  postice  cribrato ;  metathorace  producto,  rotundato,  foveola 
punctata  instructo,  superne  bituberculato ;  abdominis  10  segmento 
subpetiolato,  20  elongate  ;  reliquis  tenuissime  punctatis  ;  pronoti  uiar- 
gine  antico,  tegularum  limbo,  fascia  scutelli,  abdominis  segmentorum 
1',  2'  niargine  maculaque  tibiarum,  sulfareis.— f .  Ciypeo  nigro,  rotun- 
dato, subbidentato. 

,     Oclyn.  Nahuus  Sadss.  Revue  de  Zoolog.,  XXII,  18V0,  140,  32,  9 . 

Total  length,  8.5  mm. ;  wing,  5.5  mm. 

9.  Small.    Tery  slender  and  elongate,  having  much  the  form 
of  0.    Tacubayse.     Head  a  little  higher  than  wide,  not  much 
swollen  behind.     Thorax  elongate;  anterior  margin  of  prothorax 
crested,  its  angles  spiniform.     Scutel  having  on  its  anterior  part 
a  fine  transverse  crest,  finely  crenulate ;  its  hinder  part  behind 
the  crest  transverse,  cribrose,  transversely  square,  very  obtusely 
angulate.      Metathorax  prolonged,  rounded,  having  a  distinct 
concavity,  nearly  reaching  the  post-scutel ;  this  cavity  cribrose 
like  the  rest  of  metathorax,  its  margins  quite  rounded,  effaced, 
but  having  on  the  superior  part  two  little  rounded  tubercles, 
punctured  like  the  rest.     Articular  valves  of  the  apex  of  the 
metathorax  not  spiniform,  more  flattened.      Head  and  thorax 
excee(*ingly  coarsely  cribrose  ;  the  metathorax  not  as  coarsely 
so,  but  yet  strongly.     Abdomen  elongate.     The  fir.st  segment 
cribrose  like  the  thorax,  funnel-shaped,  a  little  petiolate ;  about 
as  wide  as  long,  convex,  and  a  little  constricted  before  its  margin. 
Second  segment  cylindrical,  much  elongated,  though  not  strongly 
cribrose.     The  following  segments  quite  finely  punctured. 
Black,  a  little  silvery  sericeous.      Head  and  antennae  quite 


856 


IIYAIENOPTERA   OF    AMEBICA. 


[part  I. 


black.  A  narrow  margin  on  the  anterior  border  of  protliorax, 
margin  of  tegula3,  a  transverse  band  on  the  middle  of  seutel,  and 
a  narrow  line  margining  the  first  two  abd.  segments,  sulphur- 
yellow  ;  that  of  the  2d  complete  beneath.  Tibia)  marked  with 
yellow.    Wings  smoky. 

9 .  Clypeus  rounded,  very  coarsely  punctured  ;  its  apex  with 
two  quite  approximate,  very  small  teeth. 

liess.  a.  diff. — This  is  an  elongate  species  like  0.  Tacuhayse, 
very  distinct  by  its  quite  coarse  punctures,  even  on  the  2d  abd. 
segment ;  much  coarser  even  than  in  chichimecus. 

It  differs  :  from  Tacubaym  by  its  sharply  angulate  prothorax, 
crested  seutel,  bituberculate  metathorax,  and  wider  1st  segment, 
as  also  by  the  margin  of  2d  segment  which  is  truncate,  not 
arcuate;  from  0.  olmecus,  by  its  thorax,  not  triangular,  not  so 
wide  anteriorly,  not  so  attenuated  posteriorly,  its  wider  cup- 
shaped  1st  segment,  and  by  the  tubercles  of  metathorax  which 
are  not  sharp,  but  rounded  and  punctate :  from  tepanecus  by 
most  of  the  preceding  characters.  So  also  from  0.  chiehimecus, 
except  by  its  1st  segment  which  is  shaped  as  in  this  species ;  the 
post-scutel  also  is  not  vertically  truncate ;  its  edge  being  an 
anterior  ridge,  not  a  posterior  one.  This  last  character  distin- 
guishes it  also  from  0.  acolhuus. 

Hah.  The  temperate  part  of  Mexico.  Oriental  Cordillera 
(Sumichrast). 


15S«  O.  Olmecus  Saoss. — Minutns,  gracillimus,  niger,  punctatus ; 
prothorace  biclcntato ;  post-scutello  medio  transverse  cristato ;  uieta- 
thoracH  infere  foveolato,  superne  tenuisaime  bituberculato,  apice  bi- 
spinoso ;  abdominis  1°  segmento  elongato,  infuudibuliformi ;  capite 
omnino  nigro,  pronoti  margine  antico,  macula  subalari,  tegulorura 
limbo,  scutelli  abdominisque  segmentorura  1',  2'  (vel  i',  2',  4')  margine 
postico,  flavis  ;  spinis  metathoracis  apicis  tibiisque  extiis,  flavis. 

%.  Macula  mandibulorum,  dypeo,  scapo  subtus,  flavis ;  flagello  subtus 
fulvo;  clypeo  latissirae  truncato. 

Odyn.  Olmecus  Sadss.  Revue  de  Zool.,  XXII,  1870,  140,  33,  % . 
Total  length,  7  mm. ;  wing,  5.7  mip. 

Small  and  slender,  elongate.  Having  much  the  form  of  0. 
acolhuus.  Head  circular,  rather  swollen  and  concave  behind. 
AntcnniB  inserted  rather  low.  Thorax  not  very  elongate,  tri- 
angular,  wide    exteriorly,   attenuated   posteriorly.      Prothorax 


ODYNERUS. 


851 


subtus 


of  0. 
behind, 
vtc,  tri- 
)thorax 


sharp,  its  angles  dcKtiform.  Post-sciitol  truncate,  but  its  poste- 
rior face  not  so  vertical,  more  oblif^jc,  its  middle  occupied  by  a 
transverse  creiiuiated  cresi;  tlie  crenulutions  blunt.  Motutliorax 
triangular,  prolonged,  convex,  willi  lateral  sharp  edges,  clothed 
with  white  silvery  pile;  the  middle  occupied  by  a  polished^  punc- 
tured cavity,  not  reaciiing  the  top,  but  continued  'to  the  post- 
scutel  by  a  groove.  The  superior  margin  of  this  cavity  armed 
on  each  side  with  a  very  little,  compressed,  shari)  tubercle  (or  a 
quite  short  ridgo).  The  articular  valvse  of  the  apex  of  the  meta- 
thorax  each  bideutate,  the  superior  tooth  of  which  is  prolonged 
into  a  long  spine.  Abdomen  very  elongate.  The  first  segment 
longer  than  wide,  funnel-shaped;  with  a  sort  of  transverse  depres- 
sion before  its  margin.  Second  segment  a  little  depressed  bell- 
shaped,  rather  long, 

Head,  thorax,  and  1st  segment  above,  densely  cribrose,  not 
quite  as  strongly  as  in  cliichimecu.-f ;  the  metathornx  and  the  2d 
segment  quite  liuely  punctured,  except  on  the  posterior  part  of 
the  latter. 

Black,  sericeous.  Head  quite  black.  Anterior  margin  of  pro- 
thorax,  margins  of  the  tegulaj,  inferior  spines  of  nietathorax,  pos- 
terior margin  of  scutel,  and  of  the  first  two  abdominal  segments, 
yellow.  Often  the  4th  segment  also,  more  or  less  marginate. 
The  crenulation  of  post-scutel,  and  the  two  little  tubercles  of  the 
summit  of  nietathorax  finely  punctate  with  yellow. 

Feet  black;  knees  and  tibiae  outside,  in  their  total  length  (%) 
yellow;  tarsi  ferruginous  beneath.  Wings  hyaline,  smoky  along 
the  anterior  margin. 

% .  Clypeus  having  a  quite  exceptional  form ;  square-rounded  ; 
as  broad  as  high,  or  broader;  its  superior  margin  rounded  ;  tlie 
inferior  margin  quite  widely  truncate,  snbconcave ;  its  angles 
blunt,  but  the  inferior  extremity  of  the  lateral  margin  rather 
swelled,  somewhat  tubercular.  A  spot  on  the  mandibles,  clypeus, 
a  line  under  the  scape,  yellow;  flagellum  fulvous  beneath. 

i?«.s.s.  a.  cliff. — This  differs  from  0.  chichimecus,  by  its  larger 
size,  its  head  as  wide  as  high  ;  its  prothorax  much  wider ;  its 
metathorax  much  more  elongate  and  triangular,  with  a  smaller 
cavity  and  quite  small  tubercles ;  its  post-scutel  shorter,  with  its 
crest  placed  near  the  anterior  margin;  by  its  first  abd.  segment 
much  more  elongate,  funnel-shaped  ;  by  the  2d,  quite  finely 
punctured. — From  O.  tepanecus  it  is  sufficiently  distinct  by  its 


SijS 


IIYMENOl'TEUA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  1. 


I 


iiietallionix,  destitute  of  large  tubercles,  its  crested  post-scutcl, 
and  nut  spiuod  clypeu.s  {%). 

From  O.  avuUiuus,  it  diU'crH  by  ita  post-scutel  not  truncate  so 
as  to  have  a  vertical  posterior  face,  its  crest  being  more  anteriorly 
placed,  not  on  the  posterior  ridge;  by  its  njctathorax,  bitubcr- 
culato  siii)eriorly  and  bispined  ut  the  posterior  end.  The  1st 
segment  is  also  more  elongate,  and  the  elypeus  %  is  not  aiigular- 
bidentate  on  its  inferior  margin      Comp.  also  0.  nuhuus. 

From  O.  coyoluti  and  iutonacua  it  diilers  sufliciently  by  its 
crested  truncate  post-seutel. 

Hab.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  Ouo  %  from  the  valley 
of  Orizaba  (Sumichrast). 

153.  O*  Cllicllimecus  Saurs. — Miuimus,  gracillimus,  iiiger,  orihri 
iustar  puiictatus  ;  prothorace  biJeiitato  ;  post-scutello  truiicato,  cristato ; 
luetauoto  supeiiie  bituberculato;  capite  et  antennis  f  oimiiiio  nigris  ; 
piotlioiaoia  iiiargine  autico,  scutelli  et  abiloniiiiiri  segrneutorum  1',  2' 
margiuu  postico,  llavis  ;  tibii^  et  teguli:i  flavu-oruatis. 

Odi/n.  chicliimecus  Sacss.  Revue  de  Zoolog.,  IX,  1857,  2S0,  9- 

Total  length,  6  mm. ;  wing,  4.5  mm. 

9.  The  smallest  ppccios.  Head  a  little  higher  than  wide. 
Antciinaa  inserted  below  its  middle.  Sinus  of  the  eyes  very  open. 
Thorax  slender,  not  contracted  anteriorly ;  its  anterior  margin 
finely  crested ;  its  angles  toothed.  Post-seutel  truncate ;  its  ridge 
arcuate,  crested,  but  not  very  strongly.  Metathorax  convex, 
prolonged,  having  a  polished  shallow  cavity,  not  extended  supe- 
riorly to  the  post-seutel ;  superiorly  this  cavity  is  margined  on 
each  side  by  a  little  compressed  sharp  tubercle.  Extremity  of 
metathorax  with  two  little  spines,  next  to  the  two  teeth  which 
make  the  articulation.  Abdomen  elongate ;  the  first  segment 
triangular  funnel-shaped,  swelled  and  a  little  constricted  before 
its  margin,  which  is  rather  thick.  Second  segment  cylindrical ; 
head,  thorax,  and  first  abdominal  segment  polished  and  cribrose 
with  strong  punctures;  metathorax  and  second  segment  not  quite 
as  strongly  cribrose,  and  with  a  line  of  stronger  punctures  along 
its  margin.  Metathorax  finely  punctured.  Segments  3-6  quite 
finely  punctured.  Black.  Anterior  margin  o£,  prothorax,  poste- 
rior margin  of  scutel,  and  of  the  first  two  abdominal  segments  of 
the  abdomen,  yellow;  wing  scales  marginate  with  yellow;  tibioB 
yellow  on  the  superior  face,  at  least  at  base.    "Wings  subhyaline. 


ODYNEllUS. 


359 


Var.  Tlu!  yellow  band  of  scutel  interrupted. 

9.  Head  and  anteiinic  (inito  black.  Clypeiis  cribroac  like  the 
bead  ;  having  the  shape  of  a  .sijuare  lo/en<jo,  its  inferior  niaryiri 
arcuate,  iinpereeptibly  bideiitate. 

ltcs>i.  a.  iliff. — This  species  has  much  resomblanco  to  0.  Tacit- 
baijre,  becau.so  of  its  elongate  2d  abd.  segment,  but  it  in  (piito 
distinct  from  it,  u-^  also  from  0.  coi/o/us  and  toloiiacu.^,  by  its 
truncate,  crested  post-scutel,  and  its  bidentate  mdatliorax.  This 
last  character  only  separates  ().  trpanevus,  o/hiccvw,  and  tiahtdi.-i. 

llab.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  1  caught  one  ?  in  the 
valley  of  Mcxtitlau. 


154.  O.  tepanecus  Sauss. — Parvulns,  gracilis,  niger,  tenniter  p'lno- 
tatus  ;  post-scutello  truiicato  ;  metjitlionue  valde  bituberculato  ;  ttl)ilo- 
miuis  1°  segmento  infundibiiliforiiii,  siibpetiolato ;  ai)ic«  puiicto  impresso 
notato,  oai)itia  punctis,  pionoti,  scutelli,  ab(loininis(jii«  segnieiitoriiin  1', 
2' (vel  1',  2',  4'),  margiiio,  llavis;  tibiia  basi  flavo-variis. —  %.  Clypeo 
flavo,  apice  spiuis  2  uigris,  aiitennin  uigris. 

Oilijn.  Tepanecus  SAosa.  Revuo  de  Zool.,  IX,  18.17,  280,  % 

J.  Total  leiigtb,  7.5  mm. ;  wing,  5.5  mm. 

Very  small.  General  form  very  much  as  in  0.  acolhuus, 
slender.  Head  circular  or  a  little  higher  than  wide.  Antennae 
inserted  rather  low.  Notch  of  the  eyes  very  open.  Prothorax 
not  having  its  angles  dentiform,  Scutel  truncate,  transverse,  not 
crested,  but  having  a  transverse  edge.  jVLetathora.x  triangular, 
a  little  prolonged;  its  lateral  edges  arcuate,  sharp,  hairy;  its 
hinder  face  parted  by  a  deep  channel  and  armed  on  each  side 
under  the  angles  of  post-scutel  with  a  strong,  sharp,  dentiform 
tubercle,  looking  backwfurd ;  these  tubercles  compressed,  having 
a  sharp,  lateral  salient  ridge,  extending  to  the  angles  of  post-scutel 
(very  evident,  when  viewed  in  profile).  Apex  of  metathorax  with 
two  wide  articulate,  not  spined  valvae.  Abdomen  slender,  spindle- 
shaped;  first  segment  small  and  narrow,  subpetiolate,  funnel- 
shaped,  but  swelled  above,  gibbous,  as  if  truncate  anteriorly;  an 
impressed  point  before  its  posterior  margin.  Second  segment 
rather  oval,  narrowed  but  not  constricted  at  base,  rather  depressed, 
but  not  all  tuberculate.     The  whole  insect  finely  punctured. 

Black,  sericeous.  A  frontal,  ocular,  and  post-ocular  spot, 
yellow.  Anterior  margin  of  prothorax,  posterior  margin  of 
scutel,  articular  valvaa  of  the  metathox-ax,  and  the  first  two  seg- 


SCO 


UYMKNOI'TERA   OP   AMKllICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


ments  of  tho  abdonioii,  yollow.  The  4tli  scgmrMit  ((^ftcn  ?)  with 
ail  incomplete  yellow  baml.  Wiiifj  rcuIo  brown,  nmrgiiiod  witli 
yellower  ferniginous.  Feet  black;  tibiic  ut  base  outside  and 
tiuMr  apical  spines,  yellow.  Wings  smoky. —  9.  Clyi)eus  yellow, 
widened  below,  terminated  by  two  very  strong,  i)lunt,  black 
spines.  Mandibles  and  antenna)  wholly  black.  A  yellow  line 
between  the  insertion  of  the  antenna). 

jBt'88.  a.  diJ/'.--Tbis  small  species  is  quite  distinct  by  its 
strongly  tuberculato  metalhorax.  It  could  only  !.e  confounded 
with  0.  chichimccus,  but  it  is  not  so  small,  nor  as  slender;  tho 
thora.K  is  not  as  cylindrical;  the  body  not  as  strongly  punctured ; 
tho  seutel  is  not  crested  ;  tho  metathoracic  tubercles  are  much 
stronger  and  the  direction  of  the  shar))  external  ridge  of  these  is 
convergent  downward,  while  in  chichimccus  the  tubercles  are  on 
tho  contrary  a  sort  of  superior  margin  of  au  indicated  cavity  of 
the  metathorax. 

Compare  also  0.  olmcrus  and  nahuus. 

Hub.  The  temperate  parts  of  Mexico.  I  caught  only  one 
male  in  tho  valley  of  Mextitlan. 


Subgenns  EPIPONUS'  Shuck. 

Eplpona  Shuck.  ;  Sauss. — Oplopvst  Wesm.  ;  Sauss.  Vespid.,  I,  217. — 
Oplomcrus  Wkstwood. — Pterochilus  ex.  p.  Hekk.-Sch«ff. 

Abdomen  quite  ovate,  depressed ;  the  first  segment  c'lp-shaj^ed, 
sessile,  or  subpednnculate  at  base,  sensibly  narrower  than 
the  2d,  but  not  constricted  at  base.  Thorax  short,  rather 
globular.  Metathorax  rounded,  destitute  of  angles  and  of 
sharp  edges,  without  rugosities.  Second  recurrent  nerve 
of  the  anterior  wing  falling  upon  the  2d  transvcr so-cubital 
nerve  or  very  close  to  it. — (Appearance  of  tho  genus 
Pterochilus.) 

%  % .  Antennse  having  at  times  the  last  joint  recurved  like  a  hook; 
these  organs  being  more  often  elongate,  thick,  with  their 
last  joints  c\:mpressetl,  flattened,  curled  up  to  a  spiral. — 
Clypeus  generally  wider  than  long;  very  strorgly  bidentate. 

This  type  quite  recalls  the  appearance  of  Pterochilus  and  it 
forms  the  intermediate  step  between  these  insects  and  the  true 
Odynerus.  The  characters  of  the  Division  Epipona  are  princi- 
pally to  be  found  in  the  males,  but  the  appearance  of  these  insects 

>  'i9ri7re>«c,  laborious. 


0DYNERU8. 


3GI 


is  sufficient  to  distinguish  tlioiu ;  it  is  even  so  stril<iiip  that  one 
wouiU  bo  tcmptoil  to  niiso  it  to  a  genus,  did  then;  not  exist, 
princii>ally  in  Europe  and  in  AlVicu,  a  Herics  of  intermediato 
types  wlucli  allies  tijem  by  very  gradual  and  natural  transitions 
to  the  true  OdynerL  These  transitions  are  even  so  euniplete 
that  one  is  mueh  perplexed  to  know  how  to  limit  the  subgenus 
Epiponua.^  Jjut  as  the  intermediate  types  are  prineipally  inhabi- 
tants of  the  old  world,  the  dilFieulty  with  the  Ameriean  species  is 
much  diminished,  although  it  appears  in  the  ease  of  some  Ante- 
jnponus. 

'I'heEpiponus seem  to  be  peculiar  to  the  boreal  hemispl>ere  and 
to  Africa;  the  true  i£'p<;/jo/ms  are  the  northern  type,  the  Ante- 
piponiis thoaouihern  type,  aa  well  in  America  as  in  Europe. 

Division  ANTP:PIP0NU9. 
(Sahhs.  Et.  Ve.spia.,  Ill,  244.) 

Mandibles  of  the  inaleH  vot  notched,  nor  armed  ivilh  a  spur. 
Antennae  of  the  males  either  armed  with  a  hook;  or  vurli-d 
up  into  a  spiral  at  the  eiiremity.  First  abdominal  secjment 
cup-shaped,  sessile  or  rather  subpedunculate  at  base.  As 
said  above,  I  at  first  placed  this  division  in  the  subgenus 
Odvnerus,  but  the  appearance  of  its  representatives  being 
quite  that  of  the  Ei'ivvavs,  it  will  better  find  its  place  in 
this  division. 

1.  Antennee  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  hooh.    (Sauss.  Yesp., 

I,  213,  Sect.  C.) 
No  representative  yet  found  in  America. 

2.  Antennae  terminated  by  a  spiral  curl.    (Sauss.  Vesp.,  I,  216, 

Sect.  IP.) 

This  section  only  differs  from  the  true  A>))onMs by  the  niandi- 
bles  of  the  nmles  being  simple,  and  the  clypeus  not  so  mueh 


In  my  Etudes  sur  la  Fam.  de.  Ve.p,de..,  I  have  included  these  transitory 
speo.es  m  the  division  A„te,npona  (HI,  208),  bnt  this  division  is  only 
an  expedient  to  help  in  the  determination  of  the  species;  it  is  not  a 
natural  division-no  more  than  any  section  one  mnst  form  in  a  contina- 
ous  senes  conducting  from  one  form  to  another  hy  gradual  transitions. 
(Comp.  Et.  Vespid.,  Vol.  I,  213,  C,  and  21G,  Il.-Ibid.,  Vol.  Ill,  298.) 


302 


IIYMENOl'TKIlA    OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


notclH'd.  It  (|uit('  approaclicn  J'lrrochiluit  in  its  gciicnil  forma 
uiiil  in  tho  sliapo  of  tlio  clypfua.  Jt  only  dillurrt  from  ihuso  hy  Iho 
labial  palpi  boiiig  tsutall,  -(-joIiiUmI  ami  iiol  iKiclinato. 

It  has  tho  same  goograitliical  distribution  as  tho  Ptcruvhilus, 
being  the  southern  type  of  .lie  genus.  In  Anieriea  it  ha-s  only 
been  found  in  Me.vit'o  as  yet;  in  the  old  world  it  is  spread  over 
the  southern  part  of  Europe  and  the  temperate  part  of  Afiiea, 
north  and  south 


165.  E.  denticulatus  Sadps.  (Fip.  30,  30a.)— Vnliclua,  iilger,  fnlvo- 
hirtuH;  pronoto,  i)(>Ht-sciitoilo,  nlidoiiiiiiisquo  segumiitis  tlavo-liiiibatis; 
si'cuiiilo  8fguieiito,  uti'iiKiiiu  iiiauulii  rnt'a  ;  aiitfiiiiuritni  basi  ot  ])e(libu3 
bndiis. —  %.  Clypi'o  flavo,  apice  nigro;  fomoribus  iuturmediia  einargi- 
natis  ;  tibiis  pnstiuis  dilatatit*. 

Lfftochilui  denticulalusisAVtia.  Rev.  do  Zool.,  VII,  1856,  373.' 

Total  length,  14  inm. ;  wing,  11  ram. 

Ai)pearanec  of  a  Pte.ruchiluH,  but  the  labial  palpi  small,  quadri- 
artieulate,  not  pectiimte.  Mandibles  knife-sliaped,  with  threo 
little  notches.  Thorax  ovate,  round  ;  first  abdominal  segment 
cup-shaped,  or  widely  spoon-shaped,  not  very  sessile;  its  base 
subpedunculate.  Second  segment  short.  The  whole  insect 
densely  punctured  and  hirsute  with  long  fulvous  hair. 

Black.  Anterior  nuirgin  of  prothorax  ancl  post-scutel  sulphur- 
yellow.  AVing  scales  ferruginous  or  yellowish.  Tho  abdomiiml 
segments  all  adorned  with  a  sulphur-yellow  margin,  rather  wider 
on  the  .3d,  4th  segments  than  on  the  2d  ;  the  margin  twice  notched 
with  black  on  the  segments  3-0;  the  2d  segment  adorned  besides 
with  two  large  ferruginous  lateral  spots.  Feet  ferruginous  or 
yellowish,  black  at  base.  Wings  subhyaliue,  soiled  with  gray- 
ferruginous. 

Var.  Post-scutel  black ;  tegulse  maculate  with  yellow. 

%.  Clypeus  wide  below;  attenuated  at  its  summit;  its  apex 
but  little  prolonged,  truncate,  biangulate.  Tho  surface  yellow, 
clothed  with  silvery  hair,  except  on  its  extremity  which  is  black 
and  strongly  punctured.  Antennse  very  long,  black,  with  the  first 
two  joints  ferruginous,  yellow  anteriorly ;  the  last  joints  quite 
compressed,  annulate  with  yellow,  principally  below.  Inter- 
mediate femora  of  rather  different  form,  strongly  canaliculate 


'  Erratum. — Page  373,  line  19tli,  instead  of  Tibias,  read  Fades. 


OnYNKIll'8. 


8r.3 


beneath,  mid  stroiif-Iy  iiotdiod  lieyoiid  tlio  inidillo,  on  their  uiit«'rior 
face;  tlio  nolfh  ulnicist  forminj^  thrt'o-((iuii'terrt  (if  ti  eirele;  its 
un^Hes  (|iiil('  hhurp,  dentiform.  I'o-lerini'  til)iiu  Htruiij^iy  dihited, 
fiuniowhiit.  IIS  in  the  MellifcnL',  tonuinutod  very  widely;  the  inner 
anjfhi  forndng  almost  a  imiecsri. 

Ilenti.  a.  dij/. — This  insect  has  quito  the  nppearnnce  of  Pfrrn- 
chilus  aztcvus,  but  it  dilVora  by  its  small  and  not  feathery  luliial 
l>a1i)i. 

JIdh.  Mexico.  I  caught  but  ono  specimen  in  the  Cord  Hera 
of  Cosconiolepec. 

Division  rPIPONtrs  (proprie  dicta). 

Mandihh'H  of  Ihc  malcH  havitxj  beyond  tin'-  middle  a  large  nntoh, 
/(dlowcd  1)1/  a  lixilh  or  «y<'/r.  AnU'.nme  vl(»i<j(dt',  Uiiclc; 
(heir  (•xh'v.tnilij  curled  up  inln  a  i<pirul.  ('hjpeuH  %  wider 
titan  lotuj,  %!cnj  Klromjh/  hideidnte. — The  xeeoud  rerurrenl 
nerve  of  the  anterior  xoimj  falling  upon  the  'Id  trannvemo- 
cubital  nerve,  or  very  near  it. 

The  trno  2?/r«^>orju.'<soom  to  bo  pccub'ar«"to  tho  temperate  and 
northern  parts  of  tho  sonthcrn  liemisphere  ;  they  are  abundant  in 
Europe,  rare  in  America;  in  the  lower  latitudes  they  give  i)iaee 
to  the  Antepiponvi*,^\\\v\\,  with  the  same  appearance,  approach 
more  nearly  to  tho  true  Odnnerux. 

In  regard  to  the  distinction  of  the  species  one  must  notice  that, 
contrary  to  the  usual  case,  in  this  group  it  is  not  tlic  female,  but 
the  nude,  which  ofl'ers  the  most  distinctive  characters. 

Beside  the  subgeneric  chara(.'ters,  peculiar  to  the  total  number 
of  the  males,  there  are  others  specially  Iielonging  to  a  part  of  the 
species;  some  have  the  coxie  or  intermediate  femora  indented; 
others  have  the  clypeus  curiously  shaped.  But  tho  females  are 
far  from  being  so  well  characterized,  and  the  distriI)ution  of  tho 
colors  must  be  strongly  relied  upon  in  distinguishing  the  species. 

196.  E.  dilectllS  Sauss.  (Fig.  20,  29a.)— Niger,  piinctatus,  fusco- 
hiisutus  ;  fiontis  macula,  puiicto  post-oculari,  til)iis,  tarsia  abdorninisquH 
segmentorum  limbo,  sulfiireis;  ultimis  segmentis  tantuia  fascia  abbre- 
viata  flava;  alis  snbhyalinia,  tcfiulis  fusco  et  tlavo  maculatis.  —  %  .  Cly- 
peo  flavo,  valde  liidentato,  ore  et  anteuuis  subtus  tlavis ;  femoribiis  in- 
termediis  tridentatis. 

Odyn.  dilectus  Sauss.  Revne  dn  Zool.,  XXII,  1870,  141,  34,  %. 
^ .  Total  length,  9  mm. ;  wiug,  8  mm. 


2G4 


HYMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  1. 


Head  very  densely  punctured ;  thorax  closeiy  slingroenod. 
Post-scutcl  trnneate,  liaving  an  elevated  posterior  faee ;  incta- 
tliorax  quite  rounded,  posteriorly  more  flattened  than  excavated, 
strigose.  Abdomen  quite  ovate,  polished;  the  first  segment  eup- 
shaped,  anteriorly  somewhat  rounded  truncate. 

Black;  the  body  all  bristling  with  long  fulvous  hair,  especially 
on  the  head  and  thorax  ;  that  of  the  abdomen  shorter  and  more 
gray.  A  frontal  transverse  mark,  a  post-ocular  spot,  and  tlie 
margin  of  the  middle  of  prothorax,  sulphur-yellow.  "Wing  scales 
testaceous,  black  at  base.  A  regular  yellow  fascia  on  the  seg- 
ments 1-5  of  the  abdomen  ;  the  fasciae  3-5  ablireviated.  Feet 
black  ;  knees,  tibia),  and  tarsi,  yellow  (Z).  "Wings  subhyaline. 
The  2d  recurrent  ircrve  falling  neaj'Iy  into  the  od  cubital  cell. 

9.  Unknown. 

%.  ^landibles  yellow,  having  near  the  extremity  a  strong 
notch,  followed  by  a  stout  tooth.  Labruni  yellow.  CMypeus 
wider  than  long,  yellow,  terminating  in  two  long  teeth,  separated 
by  a  wide  notch  in  the  form  of  an  arch.  Antenna)  very  large, 
thick,  black  above,  yellow  beneath ;  the  last  six  joints  flattened 
and  rolled  up  into  a  spiral,  quite  black.  Intermediate  femora 
strongly  bidentate  beneath;  their  first  tooth  slender  and  elongate, 
in  form  of  a  broken  spine;  the  intermediate  shorter  and  more 
widely  compressed,  the  third  forming  a  sort  of  lamella  attenuated 
up  to  the  extremity  of  the  femur,  these  teeth  separated  by  wide 
notches.  Intermediate  tibise  apparently  notched  at  base  and 
tumefied  from  the  middle.  The  6th  segment  slightly  margined 
with  yellow. 

i^'.v.s".  a.  diff. — This  is  the  only  American  representative  known 
of  the  subgenus  Epijwnufi.  Compared  with  the  European  species, 
it  quite  resembles  0.  spiinpea,  except  that  the  8d  tooth  of  llie 
intermediate  femora  is  not  quite  so  much  developed.  It  might 
be  0.  sjJinipes,  transmigrated  and  modified. 


APPENDIX  TO  THE  GENUS  0DYNERU8. 

1.   Species  sedis  incertse. 

The  following  species  I  cannot  introduce  in  the  classification 
of  the  genus,  their  forms  not  having  been  sufficiently  described.  • 


large, 


APPENDIX    TO   THE    GENUS    ODYNEIirS.  305 

1.  O.rilfinodlis  CREssoN.-Niger,  valde  punctatuH,  albido  variegatua- 
luetathorace  rufo,  utrinque  dentem  efflc-ionte  ;  abdominis  segmentis  1-3 
luteo-limbatis;  lo,  20  xuargiue  rell«xo  ;  pedibus  ruCs  ;  alis  nebulosis. 
0.  rufmodus  Cbess.  Amer.  Ent.  Traug.,  I,  lS(i7,  381,  22,  ? . 
Total  length,  3,5  liuea. 

<?.  Black,  densely  and  deeply  punctured;  head  large  face  and 
base  of  clypcus  with  glittering  i.ubescenco,  the  latter  subconvex  • 
hnindiblcs  rufous,  black  at  tips,  the  inner  edge  with  throe  obtuse 
teeth;  palpi  honey-yellow;  antennaj  short,  clavate,  entirely  black- 
ish; a  transverse  line,  interrupted  medially  on  prothorax,  a  round 
spot  on  each  .ide  of  pleura,  teguhu,  except  a  brown  medial  spot 
and  two  spots  on  scutollum,  white  ;  nietat.orax  rufous,  silvery  on 
the  sides,  deeply  excavated  posteriorly,  the  extreme  lateral  apical 
angles  produced  into  a  subacute  spine;  wings  subhjalino    the 
costa  narrowly  fuliginous ;    legs  entirely  rufous,   the  posterior 
tarsi  slightly  dusky;    abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of  the 
first  and  second  segments  reflexed  and  narrowly  whitish   as  well 
as  that  of  the  third;  basal  segment  campanulato,  conyex,'without 
any  transverse  carina  and  suture  at  base,  rufous;  second  se-ment 
suddenly  swollen,  convex,  its  posterior  whitish,  margin  sinuous 
anteriorly,  and  continued,  narrowly,  beueath;  fourth  and  fohowiug 
segments  entirely  black. 

Bab.  New  Mexico.     1  ?, 

This  species  is  most  likely  very  variable  in  its  colors.     It  may 
prove  to  belong  to  Division  Odijnerus. 

a.   O.  productMs.-Niger;    capite  thoraceque  flavo-guttatis  et  valde 
punctatis  ;  abdomiue  faaciis  duabus  liavis  oriiato. 

0.  productus  Smiju,  Lend.  Ent.  Trans.,  3d  Ser.,  I,  1862,  37,  ^ . 

Total  length,  3.5  lines. 

% .  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  strongly  punctured ;  the  clypctis 
and  a  small  spot  above  it,  a  minute  spot  in  the  siuus  of  the  eyes  and 
another  behind  them,  the  seap(.  in  front  and  a  spot  on  the  mandibles 
pale  yellow ;  the  flagellum  fulvous  beneath.     The  posterior  mar- 
gins of  the  prothorax,  a  spot  beneath  the  tubercles,  the  tegukc 
l.ost-scutellum,  the  metathorax  behind,  and  a  spot  on  the  anterior 
and  intermediate  tibiie,  yellow;  the  anterior  tibiie  and  tarsi  fer- 
ruginous ;  the  wings  hyaline,  with  a  dark  fuscous  stain  in  the 
marginal  cell ;  a  ferrugiuous  spot  on  the  teguluj.    Abdomen  finely 


3GG 


nVMENOPTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[PAUT  I. 


punctured,  tlie  first  and  second  segments  with  a  broad  yellow 
margin,  which  is  continued  beneath ;  the  second  segment  produced 
in  the  middle,  forming  a  sharp  angle  or  tooth ;  the  following 
segments  very  narrowly  bordered  with  yellow ;  the  first  segment 
entirely  pale  beneath. 

Hah.   Panama 

This  species  is  very  likely  to  be  classed  in  Division  Steno- 
dynerus. 

2.   Species  dubia. 

The  following  species  I  first  thought  by  its  facies  to  be  a  North 
American  one,  but  as  it  never  occurred  to  me  in  any  American 
collection,  I  must  deduce  from  this  fact  that  it  did  not  originate 
on  this  continent. 

It  would  find  its  place  in  the  Division  Odynerus. 

O*  Tisiphone  Lep. — Omnino  niger,  sat  gracilis  ;  olypeo  vix  emargi- 
nato,  carinato-subdentato ;  metanoti  inarginibus  superne  pauluiu  ole- 
vatis,  acutis  ;  post-scutello  flavo  ;  abdominis  primo  segmeuto  aiiguste, 
secundo  teuuiflsime  sulfureo-limbatia ;  alia  nigro-violaceis.  J  . — Long. 
15  mm. 

Odynerus  Thiphone  Lep.  St.  Faro.,  Hymen.  II,  646,  31,  ?  (1841).— 
Sacss.  Vespides,  I,  183,  77. 

Hab ?  (America?) 

aen.  LEPTOCHILIJS  Sadss. 
Leptochilus*  Sauss.  Etud.  Vespid.,  I,  233,  III,  320. 

Appearance  of  genus  Odynerus  (Stenodynerus),  but  the  abdo- 
men is  subpedunculate ;  its  first  segment  more  or  less  funnel- 
shaped. 

Labial  palpi  very  slender.     Maxillary  palpi  slender. 

This  genus  should  evidently  be  united  with  the  genus  Odynerus, 
and  will  most  likely  find  its  place  in  the  Stenodyneri,  next  to  the 
group  of  0  huastecus.  Unfortunately,  not  possessing  the  types, 
I  cannot  exactly  decide  how  the  species  should  be  placed. 

The  abdomen  is  constricted  between  the  1st  and  2d  segments, 
more  than  in  the  Stenodynerus;  nevertheless,  this  is  only  a 
provisional  genus  which  cannot  well  be  preserved. 


•  AiTTTOf,  thin  ;  ;t^^o{,  lip. 


LEPTOCHILUS. 


3GT 


1.    Maxillary  palpi  quite  shnder.     First   abdominal   segment 
subpedunculate,  much  narrower  than  the  second. 

1.  L.  fallax  Sadss.— Sat  minutus,  niger,  pronoto  autice  lato ;   sub- 
angulato,   scutello    subquadiato ;    metauoto    postice   valde   excavato, 
margiiiibus  rotundatis,  rugosis  ;  abdominis  primo  seguiento  couvexo[ 
^     ip  undibuliformi,  minus  lato  quam  secundum;  hoc  basi  subconstrictoi 
margine  reHexo,  valde  rugoso ;  capite,  thorace  et  abd.  lO  segmento  valdj 
punctatis ;  puncto  froutali  et  post-oculari,  sulfureo ;   antennis  aubtus 
et  basi,  ferrugineis ;   pronoto,  tegulis,  macula  subalari,  post-scutello, 
pedibus   et   nonnuuquam  metanoti  lateribua,  rafis ;    pronoto   insuper 
antice  flavo  marginato ;   abdominis  pri^T  segmento  rufo,  basi  uigro, 
margine  flavo;  secundo  flavo-marginato ;  basi  rufo-bimauulato;  30  et 
40  (3)  tenuissime  flavo-marginatis ;  alls  hyalinis.— Long.  11  mm. 
S-    Clypeo  rotundato,  flavo,  subbideutulato;   scapo  antice  fascia  flava ; 
orbitis  intus  flavo-marginatis. 

Leptochilus  fallax  Sarss.  Et.  Vespid.,  I,  234,  2,  pi.  xx,  fig.  6,  %  (1852). 

Hab.  America? 

Observation.-TJnfovtnmtdy,  I  do  not  find  this  species  again 
in  the  collection  of  De  Romand,  in  which  I  described  it.  As  the 
insects  of  this  collection  were  very  negligently  labelled,  it  may 
not  be  an  American  species  ? 

2.  Maxillary  palpi  moderately  slender,  the  first  joint  rather 
swelled.  First  abd  segment  rather  foide  posteriorly, 
although  still  tiot  funnel-shaped. 

2.  L.  ornatus  SAnss.-Niger,  valde  punctatus ;  clypeo  latio^e  quarr. 
long.ore;  post-scutello  truncato,  cantho  acato  instructo ;  metanoto 
excavato,  marguubus  rugosis,  rotundatis  ;  abdomine  basi  subpednncu- 
ato ;  pr.mo  segmento  valde  punctato,  margine  subreflexo ;  secundo 
sZ  I  TT  '"«  ^'"^  ^"'^"^^'^'  '"^^^•■-  «»^in--sato  ;  or:' 
macula  subalan,  fasciaque  interrupta  in  scut.llo,  aurantLi  ;  primo 
abdominis  segmento  obscure  rufo;  segmentis  10_30  tenniter  a  .ran    0 

.  'luTl  'f ""  "''"''  ""'  ""■^^"■^  =  '^"-^  ^"'>'.,alinis.-Lo:gi;.    1. 
%  .  Clypeo  et  antennarum  scapo  fere  omnino  flavis. 

Leptochilus  ornatns  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  230,  6,  pi.  xx,  fig.  4,  9. 
Hab.  United  States.    Carolina  (Paris  Museum). 


368 


HYMENOPXERA   CP   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


Gea.  PTEROCHILVS  Klpq. 

Pterochilus  Kluo.  ;  Latr.  ;  Say  ;  Sauss. 

Buccal  parts  elongate. 

Labium  very  much  elongate;  palpi  very  large,  thick,  and 
much  elongate,  composed  of  three  joints,  of  which  the  lirst  ia 
swelled  at  the  extremity;  the  2d  and  3d  strongly  compressed 
and  bipectinate,  with  very  long  pilosity ;  the  3d  joint  very 
elongate. — Maxillary  palpi  normal,  composed  of  six  joints. — 
Mandibles  large,  elongate,  trenchant,  in  the  form  of  a  kuifo 
blade ;  the  internal  edge  trenchant,  lobed,  or  notched ;  the 
external  edge  ciliated  with  long  hair. — Chjpeus  wide,  often 
lozongc-shaped  or  trapezoidal,  more  or  less  transverse. — Thorax 
rounded  anteriorly  and  posteriorly,  globular  or  ovate. — Abdomen 
ovate,  depressed,  the  first  segment  cup-shaped,  subsessile. — 
Antennae  of  the  males  terminated  by  a  hook  or  by  a  curved 
spiral. 

These  insects  have  much  the  same  appearance  as  the  Epipona, 
but  tlioy  are  very  distinct  by  the  extraordinarily  large  labial 
palpi,  which  are  feathery,  with  very  long  hair. 

The  American  species  belong  to  the  group  of  Pt.  phaleratus  and 
biglumrs,  characterized  by  their  indented  mandibles  and  rounded 
raetathorax. 


1*  Pt.  I^eivisii  Cresson.— Validus,  niger,  fnlvo-pubesoena  ;  clypeo, 
auteniiia  basi,  capitis  maculis,  pronotl  macula  subalari,  raaculis  2 
scutelli  et  2  metanoti  pedibusque  feiTug;inei3 ;  tegulis  et  post-scutBllo 
flaveacentibus ;  abdominis  segmentis  1°,  20  rufis,  basi  nigris,  omnibus 
flavo-limbatis ;  alis  inquinatia. 

Plerochihts  Lewisii  Cresson,  Amer,  Entom.  Trans.,  I,  1867,  382,  25,  9. 

Total  length,  8.5  lin. 

9.  Robus.t;  head  and  thorax  clothed  with  a  prle  fulvous 
pubescence  ;  abdomen  silvery-sericeous  in  certain  lights.  Head 
black,  densely  punctured ;  posterior  orbits  broadly,  anterior 
orbits  narrowly,  from  the  emargination  down,  the  clypeus  entirely, 
the   mandibles,  except  the   tips   and  base  and  lower  margin 


PTEllOCIIILUS. 


869 


.  ?< 


beneath,  bright  ferruginous ;  elypeus  subconvex,  sparsely  punc- 
tured, pubescent,  the  lip  produced  and  truncate;  mandibles 
large,  long,  acute  at  tip,  with  four  obtuse  teeth  on  the  inner 
edge  before  the  tip;  the  outer  surface  with  two  oblique  carlnm, 
the  lower  margin  fringed  wit'^  bug  yellow  hair;  maxillaj  blackish, 
their  palpi  fulvous,  the  apicai  j.  .nts  fringed  with  very  long  hair; 
anucuntfi  black,  the  two  basal  joints  bright  ferruginous.  Thorax 
very  densely  punctured,  black,  the  upper  half  of  prothorax,  spot 
beneath  anterior  wing,  two  large,  almost  confluent  spots  on 
scutellum,  and  the  sides  of  the  metathorax,  bright  ferruginous ; 
post-scutellum  and  tegulte,  except  a  central  darker  spot,  yellow- 
ish-ferruginous; metathorax  short  and  very  abrupt.  Alidomen 
robust,  sessile,  very  densely  punctured ;  first  and  second  segments 
dull-ferruginous,  with  their  apical  margins  bright  yellow,  and  a 
larger  black  spot  on  their  basal  middle;  that  on  the  first  segment 
longitudinal  and  even,  that  on  the  second  transverse,  angular  oti 
the  sides  and  acutely  pointed  behind ;  the  yellow  posterior  margin 
of  the  second  segment  is  slightly  and  squarely  emafginate  on 
each  side  anteriorly ;  remaining  segments  bright  lemon-yellow, 
the  third  and  fourth  more  or  less  black  at  base ;  the  two  apical 
segments  are  tinged  with  orange  and  the  third  to  fifth  segments 
have  a  transverse  orange  spot  on  each  side;  beneath  ferruginous, 
with  a  lateral  yellow  spot  at  tip,  and  a  large  semicircular  black 
mark  on  the  base  of  the  second  segment.  Legs  ferruginous; 
C0X8B  and  trochanters  black;  the  four  posterior  tibia)  and  base 
of  tarsi  covered  with  short  spines.  Wings  subhyaline  varied 
with  fuliginous ;  the  costa  and  base  stained  with  yellowish,  sub- 
violaceous. 

Hah.  New  Mexico  (Museum  of  the  Am.  Entom.  Society). 

2.  Pt.  !?fe%icanil8  Sauss.  (Fig.  31,  31a).— Validus,  niger,  fulvo-liir- 
sutus;  ore,  clypeo,  macula  frontali,  oibitis  partim,  antennis  basi,  pio- 
noto.  lineis  2  mesonoti  disci,  tegiilis,  niaculis  pleurarum,  scutellis, 
metanoto  utrinque,  pedibusque  rnfis ;  abdominn  rufo,  segmenlis  tiavo- 
limbatis,  10,  20  basi  nigris  ;  alis  infiiscatis,  violascentibug.     J  . 

Pterochilus  mexicanus  Sauss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  141,  36  J. 

Total  length,  16  mm. ;  wing,  14  mm. 

9.  Large.     Labial  palpi  very  largo,  ciliated  with  very  long 
black  hair.    Clypeus  strongly  punctured,  truncate;  its  extremity 
rather  excavated  in  the  middle,  with  oblique  submurginal  lateral 
24 


870 


UYMENOPTERA    OF    AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


carina!  below,  terminating  in  its  angles.     Thorax  not  globular 
rathev  elongate,  ovate.      Scutcl  eonvex,  parted  by  a  groove; 
post-scutcl   not  parted.      Metathorax   rounded,   divided   by   a 
channel.     Abdomen  a  little  more  elongate  than  in  PI.  azlecus, 
tlie  lirst  segment  not  so  short,  snbangular  posteriorly. 

The  whole  insect  densely  punctured  and  clothed  with  fulvous 
woolly  hair. 

Black.  Mandibles,  clypcu.s,  the  first  two  joints  of  the  antennaj, 
frontal  spot,  inner  orbits  and  a  large  post-ocular  band,  rufous; 
the  clypcus  above  and  scape  beneath,  yellow.  Prolhorax  above, 
two  spots  or  a  band  or  +he  flanks,  tegulaj,  two  lines  on  the  disk 
of  niesothorax,  scutel,  post-scutel,  and  two  large  raaculo*  on  the 
metathorax,  rufous.  Abdomen  rufous,  with  l  central  band  on 
the  1st  segment,  and  a  triangular  part  at  base  of  2d  segment, 
blaok  ;  all  the  segments  more  or  less  margined  with  yellow;  anus 
yellow.  Feet  ferruginous,  black  at  base;  coxcb  spotted  with 
ferruginons ;  tibiaj  of  the  two  posterior  pair  covered  with  small 
spines.     Wings  pale  fuscous,  with  violet  iridescence. 

Var.  This  species  certainly  varies  greatly  in  the  distribution 
of  its  three  colors,  the  black  and  yellow  being  more  or  less 
extended. 

liess.  a.  diff. — It  differs  from  0.  aztecns  by  its  coloration  and 
particularly  by  its  thorax,  not  globular,  but  ovate,  much  longer 
than  wide.  It  is  very  likely  to  be  a  Mexican  variety  of  PL 
Lewisii  Cress.  I  cannot  be  sure  of  \his  without  an  examination 
of  the  type.  It  has  the  wings  more  violaceous,  not  ferruginous 
along  the  co.sta ;  the  disk  of  niesothorax  is  adorned  with  two 
rufous  lines  and  the  abdomen  may  not  be  as  sessile. 

Hab.  Mexico.  One  9  I  caught  in  the  valley  of  Mexico,  on 
the  high  plateau. 

3*  Pt.  Aztecus  Sauss. — Validua,  niger,  tennissime  pnnctatus  ;  capita 
et  tliorace  fulvo-lanosis;  abdomiiie  ovato;  ore,  aiitennanim  basi  et  pedi- 
bu8  rufis  ;  clypeo  flavo,  apice  grosse  punctate,  bicarinato,  infra  niedinra 
nigro-bimaculato  ;  puncto  po.<Jt-oculari,  rnaculis  2  pronoti,  post-scuteilo 
et  abdominis  segmentorum  limbo,  flavis;  segmentis  1°,  2°  utrinque 
macula  rufa  ;  alis  .subinfuscatis,  costa  basi  ferruginea;  tegulis  rufis.  9* 
Pteroehilus  aztecus  Sadss.  Rev.  de  Zool.  XXII,  1870,  141,  35  9. 
Total  lengtb,  IG  mm.  ;  wing,  12  mm. 

9.  Mandibles  large,  armed  with  three  lobiform  teeth,  beside 
the   apical   point;   their  external   sides  strongly  ciliated  with 


PTEROCIIILUS. 


371 


long  lialr.     Labial  palpi  very  large,  strongly  pectinate  with  long 
hair. 

Clypous  convex,  punctate,  truncate  and  rather  bituberculate  at 
tip.  Tiie  whole  body  densely  punctured  and  clothed  with  woolly 
ferruginous  hair.  Thorax  globular,  scutel  and  post-scutcl  parted 
by  a  groove,  anteriorly  rather  carinated;  nietathorax  quite 
rounded,  finely  strigate  in  the  middle.  Abdomen  regularly 
ovate,  subscssilp;  second  segment  beneath  with  a  transverse 
carina  at  base. 

Black.  .Alandiblos  and  the  first  two  joints  of  the  antenna^, 
ferruginous.  Clypeua  yellow  or  ferruginous,  with  two  black 
marks  below,  laterally.  A  post-ocular  line,  two  spots  on  pro- 
thorax  and  a  line  on  post-scutel,  yellow  or  rufous;  tcguliB  rufous. 
Abdominal  segments  all  margined  with  yellow;  the  maro-i„s 
twice  notched ;  that  of  the  2d  segment  narrower,  rather  sinuous. 
The  2d  segment  having  on  each  side  also  a  large  rufous  separate 
spot,  and  the  1st  segment  two  similar  lateral  spots,  but  placed 
on  the  yellow  margin.  Anus  marked  with  yellow.  Feet  ferru- 
ginous,  black  at  base.  Wings  smoky;  the  anterior  margin  as  far 
as  the  stigma,  ferruginous. 

Var.  Post-scutel  with  an  interrupted  yellow  line,  or  black. 
Bess.  a.  fZ/J.—This  differs  from  the  African  species  by  its  not 
salient  ...st-scutel,  its  mctathorax  not  excavated,  but  small 
rounded,  convex,  only  slightly  channelled  in  the  middle;  even' 
Its  lateral  ridges  quite  blunt.  It  most  resembles  Pt.  biglumis 
Sauss.,  but  the  clypeus  is  more  convex  and  not  not-hed.  It 
differs  from  Pi.  mexicanus  by  its  globular  thorax,  nearly  as  wide 
as  long. 

Hah.  Mexico.     I  caught  one  ?  near  Orizaba. 

4.  Pt.  quinqiie-fasciatlis  RAv.-Niger,  mandibulis  emarginatig, 
clypeo,  antennanm  scapo,  prothorace,  tegulis  ;  raetanoto  utrinque  pedi- 
busqne,  ferrugineis ;  macula  subalari  maculi.s  2  scutelli,  post-sciuello 
et  abdomini.s  fasciis  quiuque,  flavis  ;  segmentis  lo,  £0  utrinque  macula 
ferrugmea. 

Pt.  5-fasciatus  Sat,  in  Long's  Exp.  to  the  sources  of  the  St.  Pet   Riv      >* 
II,  Supp.  70  (1824).-SAn8s.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  248,  13;    HI    323  J 
Say's  Entomol.  (Le  Conte),  I,  234.  '       '        '     "  * 

Rhygchium  5-fasciatum  Say,  Best.  Journ.  T,  1837,  385.-Saoss.  Et.  Vespid. 
I,  118.— Say's  Entomol.  (Lb  Conte),  II,  765,  2.  * 

Total  length,  20  mm. 


372  IIYMENOPTEllA   OP   AMERICA.  [PART  I. 

"9.  Head  blnc?(,  dilutod  ;  posterior  and  iintorior  orbits,  to  the 
cniargination  of  the  eyes,  ferruginoiKs  ;  liypu.stoma,  scajms  of  the 
antennae,  and  niaudibles,  for'uginous;  flagelhnu  blaek-brown  ; 
labial  ptlpi  testaceous,  very  lung,  ci:  ate  with  long  hair,  three- 
jointed,  terminate  joint  much  compressed,  flat,  obtuse  at  the  tip; 
stethidium  black;  cellar  and  wing  scale  ferruginous;  scutel  with 
two  large  yellow  spots;  metathordx,  with  a  transverse  yellow 
lino,  and  at  the  base  on  each  side,  a  large  ferruginous  spot;  wings 
a  little  fuliginous;  pleura  with  a  yellow  spot  beneath  the  superior 
wings;  feet  ferruginous;  tergum  black,  with  five  broad,  bright 
yellow,  somewhat  dentated  bands,  the  posterior  one  abbreviated; 
lirst  and  second  segments  each  with  a  large  ferruginous  ripot  on 
eacli  side ;  venter  black,  ferruginous  at  its  base." 

Hab.  Missouri. 

1  do  not  know  this  species.  It  seems  to  be  very  near  to  Pt. 
aziecus,  but  with  a  richer  coloratiou. 

Gen.  CTE]¥OCHIL.rS'  Sauss. 

Epipona  Spin. — Pterochilus  SAV^s.—  Clenochilus  Sacss.  Vespid.  Ill,  323. 

Labial  palpi  pectinate  as  in  Pterochilus. 

Mandibles  rather  short,  nearly  obliquely  truncate,  strongly 
indented. — Proihorax  angulated. — Abdomen  petiolate ;  the  first 
segment  quite  contracted  in  its  whole  length  into  a  petiole  as  in 
Eumenes. 

This  genus  represents  the  petiolate  Pterochilus,  and  it  bears 
the  same  relationship  to  this  genus  as  Eumenes  to  Odynerus. 
It  presents,  however,  this  diiference ;  the  prothorax  is  angulated 
and  crested,  which  is  not  the  case  in  Pterochilus.  It  has  some- 
what the  fiicies  of  Zethus  in  the  form  of  the  petiole,  the  transverse 
clypeus,  the  rather  short  mandibles  (and  the  labial  palpi,  proba- 
bly formed  of  three  joints  only,  which  I  cannot  verify). 

The  Ctenochilus  occupy  an  intermediate  group  between  'Zethus 
and  Pterochilus. 

Ct.  pilipalpus  Spin. — Gracilis,  capite  magno,  postice  excavato ; 
clypeo  transverso,  apice  tridentulato,  flmbriato  ;  pronoto  cristato-margi- 
nato;  scutdlis  prominnlis ;  petiolo  lineaii,  apice  globoso-iiiflato ;  clypeo 

'  KTSif ,  KTivo;  comb ;  x*''^'*>  ^^P* 


ALASTOR. 


373 


rnfo.n.gro-marginato  et  utrinque  puncfuloalbido;  nntennfs  rnfls,  apice 
ing.>s  ;  proncto,  macula  Hul.alari,  fascia  scutelli,  post-Hcutell.,,  pu„eti8 
.  .«  sumiuo  metanoto  tegulisque,  lutds ;  petiolo  apicn,  luteo-ma.ginato; 
a...     segn.entH  20,  30,.Ueo-n,u,.atis,  Hecan.lo  i„«uper  l.asi  fascia  lutea 
ped.bus  runs ;  alis  ferrugiu.ia,  apice  griseis,  ?  —Lougit.  13  mm. 
£p{poHa^pilij,afj,a  Spinola,  "u  Gay's  Hist.  fis.  de  Chile,  Zool.,  VI,  252 

Pterochilu,  piUpalpus  Sacss.  Kt.  Vespid.  I,  247,  12,  pi.  xx,  fig.  8. 

Hab.  Chili  (1  9  in  the  Taris  Museurr.). 

This  insect  is  a  native  of  Chili,  and  has  the  same  sort  of  livery 
as  most  of  the  HmmlyneruH,  the  Gayrlla  an<l  Alanlur  from  Chili  • 
that  IS,  black,  hirsute,  with  rufo.is  feet  and  white  fascia  an.l 
rather  fcrrufrinous  wings,  fuscons  at  tip.  This  livery  of  the 
Chilian  Vespi.he  is  one  of  the  most  elm- .cteristlc  to  be  met  with 
in  the  geographical  distribution  of  insects. 


Gen.  ALASTOR  Lepbl.  St.  Faro. 
Alastor  Lep.  ;  Sadss.  ;  Smith. 

The  same  characters  as  in  Ochjnerus.—XUomii^  sessile.— T/^g 
Becond  cubital  cell  of  the  anterior  wing  petiolale  upon  the  radial 
cell. 

The  Alastors  are  only,  so  to  speak,  but  Odyneri,  in  which  the 
2d  cellule  of  the  wing  becomes  p-tiolate.     This  modification  can 
produce  itself  in  every  section  of  the   Odyneri;   so  one  finds 
among  the  Ala.^lor  some  types  corresponding  with  the  Odynerm 
reproducing  the  same  modifications  of  form. 

The  genus  Alador  in  effect  offers,  like  the  genus  Odynerus 
types  of  the  metathora.K  angulated  or  blunted,  with  ridges  tren- 
chant or  without  salient  borders ;  types  with  a  suture  on  the  first 
abdomi!-.;il  segment  or  without  suture,  and  forms  the  most  varied, 
appear  also  in  the  shape  of  the  first  segment. 

These  insects  present  themselves  as  if  forming  a  series  parallel 
to  the  Odyneri,  of  which  the  diverse  varieties  of  form  seem  to 
be  almost  born  of  similar  types,  taken  from  the  series  of  Ody- 
nerus, types  which  are  changed  by  the  modification  of  the  alary 
venation. 

In  this  genus,  as  in  all  others,  one  finds  transitions  to  neigh- 
boring genera.     The  second  cubital  cellule  sometimes  becomes 


374 


IIYMENOPTERA  OF  AMERICA. 


[PAIIT  I. 


very  slijjlitly  pc<.iciilulo  (or  even  triaiigiilar),  tcrniinating  tnwiird 
thu  rtidiiil  ill  u  {xtiiit  or  u  subpcdiculutu  ]>oiiit,  vvliicli  constitiitoH 
uii  ins(!ii.sil)I(!  passajj^o  to  tlio  OdijneruH.  80  the  (hh/ncrun  Alos- 
ioroides  might  liguro  iudill'oreutly  iu  the  ouo  or  the  other  of  the 
two  genera. 

The  Ahmlor  is  met  with,  on  all  the  continents,  but  it  is  rare 
or  in  all  cases  very  nuich  less  nuniorous  than  tlie  OdifncrHs.  It 
is  in  Australia  that  it  attains  its  niaxiinuni  development,  and  in 
that  region  of  our  globe  it  ajipcars  almost  to  balaiiee  the  Odijnvrus 
by  the  number  of  its  species.  In  Kuropo  but  one  species  is 
known.  America  furnishes  a  small  number  of  species,  but  doiil)t- 
less  nioro  will  yet  bo  collected.  It  is  probal)le  that  the  United 
Slates  possess  their  Alaslor  as  well  as  Europe,  although  it  has 
not  yet  been  met  with. 

The  species  of  the  new  continent  form  a  peculiar  type  with  a 
form  lengthened  and  cylindrical,  recalling  the  Slfnud^nrriia  and 
the  Strnancislroccriix,  but  with  the  peculiar  cliaracteristie  of 
having  the  nietalhorax  notably  prolonged  beyond  the  post-scutel, 
and  then  al)ruptly  truncate,  and  offering  a  circuhir  concavity, 
bordered  by  a  ridge,  very  trenchant  and  of  a  circular  form. 

Subgenus  ALASTOROIDES. 

(SAD8S.  Vespide-s,  III,  327.) 


First  abdominal  segment  parted  by  a  transverse  suture. 

The  American  species  form  the 

Division  IIYPAL\STOROIDES. 
CSadss.  Vespides,  III,  328.) 


Metathorax  superiorhj  produced  behind  (he  post-sciitel ;  then 
truncate.     Its  margins  sharp. 

1.  A.  Mexicaniis  Sauss. — Gracilis,  niger,  crasse  punctatns;  pronoto 
lato,  biangulato;  met.inoto  valde  rugoso,  pone  post-sciuelliim  proiluclo, 

•  postice  valde  foveolato ;  foveolse  marginihuD  superne  semicircnlaiMter 
arcuatis,  acutissimis,  denticulatis,  maiginibus  inferis  liorizontaliter  in 
latnellam  bilobatam  piodnctis;  abdomine  basi  acute  trnncato;  pronoti 
et  abd.  segmentorum  1',  2'  margine,  pcntelli  margine  inlerrupto, 
m«tanoti   oanthis   inferis,   fasoiaque  tibiaruin,  flavis;   alia   iiebulosis 


AI.ASTOR. 


8T6 


veiiirt   nigriH.— -J,.    Clypeo   gmsse   orilnato,  supHniH  fliivo,  aiiice   lute 
emargin.'ito. —  luridt:  Tertio  segiuento  Uavo-iiiftrgiiifito. 

Aldslor  mexicuuus  Sachs.  Revue  de  Zoolog.,  XXII.  1870,  141,  37,  9. 

%  .  Total  length,  l)  mm. ;  whig,  7.5  mm.  (r«/-.  length,  8  mm. ;  wing,  G  mm.) 

.    Bofly  slender  and  cylindricnl.     ]Ioad  ratiior  thick.     Thorax 
convex,  widest  anteriorly,  rather  attenuated  behind.     Trothorux 
having  its  anterior  margin  crested;  its  angles  rather  spinilbrin. 
Sentel  and  post-seutel  quite  flattened,  not  at  all  salient,  coiilinning 
the  Kurlaee  of  the  thorax,  which  is  further  continued  Iteliind  the 
po.st-scutel  by  the  metathora.v.     Head  and  thorax  densely  and 
coarsely  cribroso.     Metathonix  narrower,  quite  rngosely  sculp- 
tured,, vertically   truncate;     its    hinder    face    quite    excavated, 
polished  and  sparsely  punctured;  its  margins  quite  sharp,  forming 
superiorly  a  semicircle,  not  interrupted  in  tlut  middle,  treiicluuit 
and  acutely  denticulate;    the  denticles  forming  a  sort  of  erect 
crest ;   inferior  margins  transverse,  forming  on  each  side  a  kind 
of  rounded  lamella,  having  a  species  of  tooth  at  its  base,  or 
bilobed.     Abdomen  quite  sessile,  shallowly  punctured,  the  first 
segment  not  as   wide   as  the   secoml,   short,  sparsely  truncate 
anteriorly,  its  anterior  and  superior  face  separated  by  the  suture, 
which  makes  a  transverse  ridge,  almost  a  crest,  the  second  s("<r. 
ment  having  its  margin  smooth,  but  this  is  i)receded  by  a  line  of 
strong  impressed  punctures.      The  following  segments  having 
their  margins  smooth  also,  the  base  punctured,  and  the  two  zones 
separated  by  a  transverse  impressed  punctate  lino. 

Black,  A  dot  behind  the  eye,  a  narrow  line  on  the  anterior 
margin  of  prothorax,  an  interrupted  margin  on  the  scutel,  inferior 
edges  of  metathorax,  a  narrow  marginal  fascia  on  segments  1-2 
of  the  abdomen,  yellow.  Feet  black;  tiljise  with  a  yellow  line. 
Wings  subhyaline,  smoky;  nerves  black;  2d  cubital  cell  much 
petiolate.     Wing  scales  black. 

Va?'.  Smaller.  Superior  margin  of  metathorax  not  denticulate. 
Third  abd.  segment  marginate  with  yellow;  the  ■Ith  with  two 
lateral  yellow  bordering  marks.  Wing  scales  preceded  and  fol- 
lowed by  a  yellow  dot.— No  yellow  dot  behind  the  eye. 

%.  Clypeus  rounded,  black,  coarsely  punctured,  its  inferior 
border  widely,  but  not  deeply  emarginate.  The  superior  part 
yellow.  Antennae  black,  the  scape  with  a  yellow  line;  the  hook 
black. 


3T6 


IIYMKNOI'TEHA    OF    iiMKlUCA. 


[I'AllT  I. 


llab.    Tlio  liot  \)n\'\A  of  Ah^xico.     3  t).     I  t'nui,rlit  tlio  typo  ia 
Pueblo  A'iojo,  iiour  Tuiiipico ;  tlio  variety  is  from  Orizubu. 

"X*  A.  llraHllicIlHlH  Saubh.— ^-1.  Mrxirano  ailinisHimuH ;  nt  clypeo  et 
tlioraue  iiiiiiiacnl.'Uis ;  niMlouiiiiiH  H«*giu«ntiH  ;t'-^-riO  temiisiiiuie  llavo- 
umrt,'iiiatiH,  litiirU  4'  et  0*  iuterruptiH  ;  tarHirt  ferruKiiiuiti. 

Alastor  lirasilkima  Sauhs.  Kt.  Vespid.  Ill,  32!),  211,  pi.  xvl,  fig.  1,  % 
(1854). 

Ilab.  Brazil. 

Subgenus  ALASTOR  proprie  diet. 
.  (Sauss.  Vespidea,  III,  328.) 

Flrd  abdominal  sajnunit  without  lransvc7'8C  suture. 

The  Amcricaa  specioa  form  tho 

Division  IIYFALASTOR. 
(Saups.  Vespid.  Ill,  328.) 

Form  slender  and  cylindrical.  Metalhorax  superiorly  pro- 
duced behind  the  post-scutel,  then  truncate;  its  margins 
sharp,     (A  group  (piito  corresponding  to  Hypalastoroides.) 

3»  At  anglllicolliH  Spin. — Nig«^r;  pronoti  niargino  antico,  macula 
subalari,  tegulis,  fascia  scutelli,  margino  postico  abdominis  segmentoruui 
1',  2\  Inteis  ;  nnt«nnis  pudibusque  ferrugiuuis,  his  basi  uigris  ;  alls  for- 
rugiiieis,  apioe  griseis. — Long.  11  mm. 

5  •  Clypeo  nigro,  antennarum  soapo  nigro,  flagello  suporne  conspnrcato. 
—  %  .  Clypeo  luteo;  scapo  rufo  superue  puncto  obscuio. 

Odi/nerns  ntignjicollis  Si'inol.  in  Gay's  Hist.  fis.  de  Chile,  Zool.,  VI,  261, 

7  (1851). 
Alastor  anyulicollis  Sacss.  Et.  Veapiu.  I,  258,  14,  pi.  xxi,  fig.  7,  % . 

Eab.  Chili. 


4>  A.melaiiosoma  Sauss. — Omnino  ater,  gracilis,  cylindricus  ;  clypeo 
5  grosse  puuctato,  apice  late  8ubexoiso,8ubbidentato ;  capite  et  thoraoo 
grosso  punctatis  ;  thorace  antioe  latiore,  pronoto  biangiilato,  in  margins 
antico  et  in  lateribus  marginato,  metanoto  valde  rugoso,  coarctato,  valde 
pone  post-soutellum  producto  ;  postice  valde  foveolato  ;  margine  oircu- 
lari  acutissimo  sup»»rne  fisso ;  margine  infero  bidentatc  (sen  quadri- 
deutato)  ;  abdomine  antice  acute  trnncato. 

Alastor  melanosoma  Sauss.  Et.  Vespid.  I,  259, 15,  pi.  xxi,  fig.  8,  J  (1852). 

Total  length,  14  mm. ;  wing,  10  mm. 


ALAHTUR. 


8TT 


Form   slondcr   and   cyliiulrk-ul.       Forclicad   rat  her   tuiiicftcd, 
parted  by  all  ul)ri(di'tc3  groove;   betwccu  the  niitt-nim^  a  vortical 
carina.      Tiiora.c   iiiucli   arclnMl   above,    aiiteriorly.      I'rotlionix 
ratlior  coiicavcly  cut  anteriorly,  its  inarf^nn   Leiiiniod  ;    tlui  lieiu 
forming  a  right  angle  on  each  side,  along  the  lateral  margin;  the 
angles  laniellate,  iuferiorly  excavated.     Scute!  Uatteneil,  included 
behind  by  tho  nictatliora.x,  which  is  narrower  than  the  rest  of 
thorax,    cylindrical   or    rather  truncate-conical,    being    slightly 
narrowed  posteriorly,  much  produ(;ed  behind  tlio  post-scutel  and 
sharply  truncate  vertically,  and  parted  by  a  groove  superiorly. 
Its  i)osterior  face  circular,  .strongly,  spherically  t\',a  rted,  smooth 
and  lluely  punctured,  parted  by  a  fine  groove;  its  .superior  and 
lateral  margin.s  forming  together  a  sharp  edge  in  the  form  of  a 
very  regular  circle,  not  complete  inferiorly  and  notched  .superiorly 
by  a  fissure;  this  sharp  circular  edge  slightly  rellexed  in  a  sort 
of  crest,  but  not  crenulatc  ;  the  inferior  margins  obli(pie,  making 
by  their  conjunction  with  tho  circular  margin  on  each  side  a 
lateral  tooth,  often  notched  so  as  to  form  a  second  inferior  angle.' 

Abdomen  elongate,  cylindrical,  quite  sessile.  First  segment  a 
little  narrower  thin  the  second,  rather  elongate,  very  sharply 
truncate  anteriorly,  fitting  into  tho  concavity  of  tlic  metal hora.v. 

Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  metathorax  very 
coarsely;  abdomen  quite  finely  and  shallowly  punctured;  the 
second  segment  (piito  obsolotely  channelled  near  its  posterior 
margin,  but  not  rugose. 

Quito  black;  feet  rather  silky  with  fulvous  reflections.  Wings 
black,  violaceous. 

9.  Clypcus  polished,  very  coarsely  cribroso,  widely  cmarginate 
at  the  extremity,  rather  bidentate;  the  teet'i  subcarinate. 

HcHs.  a.  cliff. — Very  closely  allied  to  A.aingularis. 

Ilab.  Brazil  (typo  in  tho  author's  collection). 

Observation. — I  first  characterized  this  species  as  having  its 
metathorax  quadridcntate,  but  the  teeth  in  the  lower  part  of 
metathorax  are  often  obsolete,  so  that  it  is  sometimes  only 
bidentate. 


5.  A.  singularis  SAnss.— Niger,  capite  et  thoraoe  crasse  punctatis ; 
A.  iiiplanosomcB  affinissimus,  at  clypeo  9  latiore  quam  lonj^iore,  aploe 
truncate,  hand  einargiiiato ;    metanoti   oantho  acuto,  orbicnlari,  infra 


'  Notched  on  one  side  and  not  on  the  other,  in  one  specimen. 


378 


IlYMENOrTERA   OF   AMERICA. 


[part  I. 


utrinque  deiite  spiniformi  armato,  supra  vix  fisso,  subdenticulato ; 
abdominis  primo  segiueiito  teuuissiuio  flavo-iuargiiiato ;  tartsid  rufis  ; 
alis  iufuscatis,  costa  obscuriore. 

AUtstor  sinyularis  Sauss.  Vespides,  I,  259,  lii,  9  (1852). 

Total  length,  12  nitii. ;  wing,  9  mm. 

Closely  allied  to  A.  mclanosoma ;  having  the  same  form,  but 
yet  differing  by  the  following  characters: — 

Head  much  swelled  behind  the  eyes.  The  forehead  not  so 
convex,  nor  parted  by  a  groove  ;  no  high  carina  between  the 
antenniB,  but  rather  an  obsolete  transverse  wriidile  over  their 
base.  Metatliora.\  not  quite  so  rough;  its  circular  ridges  making 
nearly  three-quarters  of  a  circle ;  a  little  crenulate  superiorly;  its 
inferior  ridges  straight,  forming,  at  the  meeting  of  the  circular 
ridge  on  each  side,  a  distinct  spine. 

I31iick  ;  first  abdominal  segment  narrowly  margined  with  yellow 
or  fulvous.  Tarsi  ferruginous.  A\'ings  washed  with  fu.scous ; 
dark  along  the  anterior  margin,  transparent,  smoky  posteriorly; 
the  rcllection  more  golden  than  violet. 

Var.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  narrow  submarginal 
yellow  line,  anterior  margin  of  prouotum  with  a  very  narrow 
yellow  margin  (11  io). 

9.  (^lypeus  rather  transverse,  nearly  lozcngc-shapcd,  more 
coarsely  punctured,  its  apical  margin  truucatt,  uot  emarginatc. 

Hah.  Brazil  (1  9  in  my  collection). 


Gen.  SMITIIIA  Sadss. 

(Revue  Zool.  VII,  1855,  371.) 

Abdomen  potiolate ;  the  first  segment  contracted  in  its  whole 
length  into  a  linear  petiole. — Second  cubital  cell  of  the  wing 
petiolate.     (Forms  slender ;  thorax  elongate.) 

This  genus  is  formed  from  the  petiolate  Alastor.  It  bears  this 
same  relation  to  Ala^lor  as  Eumenes  to  Odynerus,  as  Clenovhiluti 
to  PtcrochUns. 

The  only  known  species,  Sm.  nafalcm^iii  Sauss,  is  from  South 
Africa.  The  existence  of  this  type  in  America  has  not  yet  been 
pointed  out.  I  mention  it  here  only  to  complete  the  classifica- 
tion of  the  solitary  wasps. 


APPENDIX. 


SPECIES  DUBIiE. 

The  following  species  I  cannot  discover,  and  it  is  very  doubtful 
if  they  arc  solitary  wasps. 

1.  Eiimeues  atrata  Fauu.  Sytt.  Piez.,  287, 12.-America  meridio- 
ualis. 

If  this  species  has  the  same  form  as  E.  arcuafio^,  to  which 
Fabr.^ alludes,  it  may  bo  the  black  variety  of  tliis  from  India, 
but  Fabr.  says;  "2>rimo  srcjnu'nlo  infundibuliformi;'  \x\nd\  is 
in  entire  contradiction  with  "forlc  mera  varielm''  of  L\  arcuatns. 
—It  may  be  o  3lt>ntczinnia ;  M.  mortiiorum?  or  some  allied 
gpecies.     The  c.lor  of  the  wings  is  not  given. 

2.  Eumeues  foriuicaria  Fahu.  Syst.  Piez.,  2SS,  15.— Amer.  merid. 
This  may  be  a  MuntczHmia  or  a  Polidcs. 

3.  Vespa  einarginata  Gmei,.  Ed.  Linn.,  27.10,  2(].— Mi-kller  Ed. 
Linn.  Ins.,  II,  bSb",  2tJ._Clypeus  emarginalus.  Abdomen  nigrum,  petiolo 
utriuque  dente  instructo.— America— (Eumenes  ?). 

4.  V.  cineraccHs  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.,  2(;0,  37.-America  (MA/s/or 
vidanosoma  ?/) 

5.  V.  atrata  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  260,  3(5.-Americffi  insnlis  (a  male), 
seems  allied  to  .l/«,s/<,-  int/an„sovHi,  but  «itli  hyaline  v/iuga.—Moute'- 
zumia  ? 

6.  V.  binotata  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.,  2G(!,  71. -America  meridionalis. 
lias  some  similarity  to  Odi/nerun  crypticus  Say. 

■y.  V.  da>«1ala  L.cnrRNSTRiN,  C.  M.  H.  203,  n.  173-WEnRR.  Observ. 
Entom.,  103,  8.— Nia;ra.  odynero  parietum  paulo  mnjor  ;  thoracis  m.^r- 
pine  litnrisque  basi  ooenntibiis  (lavis ;  Rcutello  flavo ;  abdomine  cingwlis 
5  tlavis;  aiis  alius  venis  margineque  autioo  fuscis.  — America. 

(  379  ) 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


abdominalis,  106 
AtJolhuus,  3r)2 
adiab  .tus,  171 
ad vena,  211 
Alaator,  373 
Alastor,  376 
ala3t0r0ides,  ^74 
alastoroides,  211 
albocinctns,  224 


.y 


albomarginatus,  154^^ 
albophaleratiis,  167  ».' 
albopictus,  43 
Alvaradi,  2(i8 
Alvaradn,  209 
.ainbiguus,  162 
ainericana,  4 
auiericiamis,  103 
ininnania,  199 
analis,  119 
anccjis,  124 
anceps,  125 

ANCISTROCERDa,   157 

Ancistroceroipes,  211 
angulicollis,  376 
aiigiilo.sa,  134 
aiiDHctt'iis,  272 
aiinitlatum,  273 
annnlatus,  273 
anoinala,  132 
aiiorme,  318 
a  norm  is,  318 
Anthpiponus.  361 

A.NTKZlfMIA,  113 

Anlucenais,  225 

Antiico,  22(5 

apicalipennis,  137 

apicalirt,  279 

Araucamis,  310 

arcuatna,  219 

argentinua,  i,.;6 

aiietis,  19 
^g  Aristje,  188 
'  '  arvenais,  270 

ater,  65 


^    Cl\l»%Vv  -vv^  I   0" 


atra,  65 
atrata,  379 
attenuatn,  10(5 
attenualus,  106 
auratus,  62 
auratus,  233 
auropilosus,  102 
unropilosa,  102 
aurtileus,  48 
aurulentus,  4S 
aviculus,  73 
Azteca,  125 

Aztecus,  36,  93, 192,  370 
azureipeniiis,  117 
azuresceiis,  117 

hacu,  321 
bacuennis,  321 
balteatinn,  257 
BaircU,  273 
Bel/one,  193 
biangulata,  135 
bicolor,  29 
bidens,  267 
bigluuiis,  39 
binodis,  54 
biiiodis,  20 
blnotata,  379 
bireniniaculatug,  175 
blandus,  289 
Boscii,  255 
bracbygaater,  238 
Brasilianns,  79 
Braailienais,  127,  376 
Brasilierisis,  1(5 
Bravo,  205 
brevithorax,  231 
hrevithordx,  233 
brnnea,  114 
Bustamenti,  172 
Bnstil/osi,  162 


^: 


caernlea,  117 
cseruleopuunis,  16 


(381) 


P-^ 


382 


INDEX. 


Cali  ornica,  129 
Calii  iriiicius,  243 
Cdlh  Ulster,  17 
callitiiorplia,  83 
campnnnhila,  83 
fampestiis,  183 
CaiPuUnisis,  150 
cu'Kiliculdtu,  l(i7 
caiialiculatus,  107  ^ 
capra,  103  V 

carlionaiius,  17 
cariuatuA,  44 
cariiuilata,  128 
cdrinitldtiis,  128 
<:dsli(ialus,  255 
Cate'pellensis,  338 
Catskillensis,  1(J8 
Cdtdilli,  1G8 
cerrtis,  100 
chalicodoiiiffi,  108 
cluilybea,  113 
chalybeus,  17 
Cliiciiiit'chu-i,  358 
Cliiiioteucatl,  51 
cliileiisis,  59,  224 
Chiliolus,  220 
clirysopterus.  38 
clirysotliorax,  63 
ciiicta-nitjrd,  133 
ciiierasuens,  38 
i-ineraceus,  379 
ciin/ulald,  82 
ciugulatiis,  <S2,  179 
cini/iilalHn,  79 
Claraziamis,  173 
cluuiciihis,  297 
clypeari.s,  34 
codrctatu.'i,  221 
collega,  320 
Colocolo.  220 
colnna,  100 
columliaris,  34'} 
compressd,  105 
conipressus,  105 
coiiformis,  315 
coiirtobrinus,  100 
coiisors,  201 
coiispicnua,  177 
Corjiiimbeiisis,  225 
coidDvse,  2()4 
Cortesid,  119 
Cortesiana,  119 
coyotus,  348 
Cressonianus,  90 
cristatns,  150 
cri/piicuin,  276 
crypticus,  276 


CtenochiluB,  372 
Cubeiisirf,  102,  242 
cyauipeuuis,  17,  131 

daedalea,  379 
(Ueddleun,  lOO 
debilis,  155 
di'jectus,  204 
dKiiticulatus,  302 
diaboliuiis,  244 
diudimii,  107 
dicomboda,  50 
didyiiioi;aster,  55 

DiDYMoOASTKA,  45 

dilectiis,  3ti3 
dimiiliula,  119 
diacflclioiiles,  39 
Discoelius,  58 
dorsale,  143 
dorsdie,  257 
dorsalis,  257 
dubius,  44 

egregia,  138 
eletjaus,  313 
emarginata,  379 
Knyo,  313 
Einponu,  300,  372 
KpiPo.NU:*,  300,  303 
Erinny-,  245 
Efinni/s,  4 
Eumenes,  59 
euiiiei)()i(ies,  13 
excipicndn.  220 
excipiemlus,  220 
exlensu,  100 

fallax,  307 
Fdi-ius,  195 
Faria.si,  195 
fasc-iciilatiis,  330 
fastidiosnscnlus,  171 
ferrugiiiea,  123 
ferruginca,  98 
fernigiiieus,  38,  98 
ferreiis,  95 
fignliis,  331 
tilitbrinis,  109 
flavicornis,  94 
flavipes,  201 
flavopictiis,  293 
foramiiiatus.  285 
fonni<!aiia,  379 
formosns,  278 
fraternn,  95  /^ 

fratermis,  20,  95  >./ 
fulvipea,  201 


INDEX. 


383 


fusca,  55 
J'uscipes,  323 
fuscua,  55 

Gayella,  13 

Gayi,  240 
yeniculatii,  50 
genionlatus,  50 
(ihilianii,  95,  121 
fjigas,  17 
globicollis,  69 
globnlosiis,  101  t/'' 
gi-aoilis,  44 
guaiiulpKiisis,  238 
Gnalcmotzin,  40 
UuHinTi,  294 
Guzmani,  20(j 

Hero3,  17 
heron,  17 
Heydcni,  23 
lliilalgi,  252 
Hilariaiius,  50 
hirsutuius,  227 
liistiio,  199 
HopI innerm,  3G0 
Hop /op  us,  3(j0 
Hiiastei-a,  115 
HiiastHdus,  340 
huiueralis,  223 
Hum,  351 
Hypalastor,  376 

HVPALASTOROIDES,  374 

Hyi'ancistroceuus,  210 
Hypodynerl-8,  212,  213 

imitator,  33 
Inca,  335 
incertus,  84 
incommodus,  198 
iiiilica,  128 
infernalis,  86 
infernal  is,  120 
iiifuiKiibiiliforrais,  118 
interinedia,  139 
inicrinetliiis,  139 
Iturhide,  98 
Iturbidi,  265 

Juriiiei,  22 

Keunicotiauus,  325 

labiatna,  222 
LabuB,  56 
Lor  Ik  sis,  223 
Ifevinodus,  44 
IsBvis,  79 


La  Plafne,  240 
liEioNOTua,  212 
Lepiimrii,  116 
Ltptochilus,  360 

leiKiomelas,  '!%!    Z^" 
Lewisii,  368 
lobiilatiis,  27 
L'liiisidniim,  257 
luctiiosus,  311 
luguhris,  17 


macrocephala,  127 

tiiarrops,  95 

mayntis,  16 

marginalis,  10 

manjinicolli.'i,  223 

Martbre,  124 

Masaris,  4 

MASARINJB,  3 

M'ljin,  338 

Maypiuns,  227 

Mayas,  338 

M«i;;eia,  283 

nielaiiosonia,  376 

inenila,  59 

Mktazumia,  114 

Matzicatzii),  48 
Mnxicaiia,  122 
Mexican)!,  17 
Mexifaiius,  75,  369,  374 
mirroi/iislir,  54 
iMcrosropicd  b'l 
iiiifi'oscopious,  82 
mile-),  85 
miiiiatus,  17 
minuta,  81.  95 
miimtiis,  81 
iniscogaster,  54 
iMohicamis,  352 
niolestus,  290 
Molinae,  222 
Molinius,  222 
Monobia,  129 
MoiitHzuiua,  40 
Montezumia,  110 

Mo.STKZr.MlA,   117 

Morelii,  299 
Morel  us,  299 
nioiosa,  J 24 
mortnornm,  119 
Mystecus,  336 


Nahuus,  355 
nasi<lens,  232 
nigcr,  55 
iiigriueps,  118 
iiigiicoruis,  22 
nigripeunia,  136 


384 


INDEX. 


Nortonia,  13!) 
Noi'toiiianus,  88,  333 


MoviU'iB,  81 


obliquiis,  197 
olisf.iird,  (i4 
obduiiripuiiiiis,  225 
obscuius,  (J4 
oeciileiiUilirt,  207 
ociihtlus,  318 
ODYNERIN2,  11 
Odynerites,  59 
OdyneruB,  143 
Odynkkus,  212,  247 
olivacHUrt,  (j4 
Olniecurt,  25,  95,  356 
Oi>liimerm,  3(j0 
Opiojm:,  360 
Orbignyi,  108 
ornalUK,  10(3 
onnitus,  367 
Otouiitus,  37,  342 

Pachodynerus,  213,  228 
Paihymknks,  60 
pallidiM,  44 
piillipert,  63 
Paraensia,  208 
I'aiaziiniia.  127 
Pnrredi's,  ISO 
Parredesi,  180 
parvulurt,  41,  82 
pedestria,  322 
pelagica,  116 
Peiisylranica,  29 
Pennsylvaiiiciis,  327 
perennls,  328 
persecutor,  318 
pertinax,  160 
peruensis,  237 
petiolata,  113 
Pt^yroti,  345 
Philadelpbiae,  153 
picla,  106 
pilipal/xi,  373 
pilipalpus,  372 
pilosus,  187 
piriformis,  20 
jilacidiifl,  101 
Plalinia,  125 
PoHyi,  45 
pi'secox,  240 
prateiisis,  292 
proctiis,  260 
productus,  365 
prophiquua,  326 
proximus,  323 


pruinosug,  351 

I'SEUDOZDMIA,  128 

FterochiluB,  3(J8 
Ptciochittta,  360,  372 
pululiellus,  59 
pumilus,  156 
puiiillus,  82 

quadridens,  132 
quadi'isectus,  193 
qiilnqne-J'asridtum,  371 
quinquu-faaciatiis,  371 

recurvirostiis,  17 
regulus,  70 
Rhyncliium,  142 

liijgchiitm,  142 
Romaudiiius,  47,  296 
rubritantis,  117 
ruticollis,  226 
rujidentatd ,  118 
rujiiioda.  19 
luflnodus,  19,  365 
rtijipen,  117 
ruyosus,  285 

sfficularis,  202 
Saiila-Auiia,  171 
Sauta-Amia,  HQ 
Santa-Aimse.  171 
isoabriuacnlus,  198 
.'^culpturalia.  44 
Scutellaria,  2tl2 
sepulcbralis,  119 
sericea,  62 
sericens,  62 
Sicheliamis,  57 
silvatica,  132 
sirailis,  344 
simplicicornis,  235 
sinixilans,  91 
singnlaris,  377 
Smitbia,  378 
Stiiithii,  55,  104 
sobriiius,  340 
spectabilis,  278 
spinifer,  309 
spinipes,  29 
Spinol£e,  59,  119,  165 
spinosus,  31 
Stenaxcistrocerus,  189 
Stexodynerus,  213,  301 
strigosus,  42 
subpetiolatus,  220 
subalricUi,  29 
sulfureiis,  276 
Sauiichrasti,  78,  209 


INDEX. 


385 


Sutterianus,  186 

Sl/lv(lticri,  257 

yylveiiae,  173 
syminorplia,  13t> 
Symmorphus,  151 

syvimorji/iiis,  139 

Tacubayse,  349 

Tapieiisis,  21 8 

Tarabuceusis,  224 

tepauecus,  3.19 

Texensis,  329 

Thoas,  319 

tlioiacicu",  74 

tibialis,  241  ^ 
tigris,  IGO  J 
Tisiphone,  3G6 

loas,  318 
Tolteca,  140 
Toltecus,  27,  31G 
Totonaeus,  72,  347 
Trlmerla,  4 
tuberculatus,  221 
tnberculiceps,  184 
tuberculiventris,  221 
tiihrrntloci'jihdlus,  185 
tnbulifer,  h'd 
turpis,  281 

uncinaln,  133 
uncinatus,  133,  181 


unifasciatus,  181-* 
Uruguyeiisin,  100 

vagus,  314 
variabilis,  137 
van'egntus,  29 
ventricosa,  (J7 
ventricosus,  07 
I  Vfi-sicohir,  l(l(j 
VESPIDiB,  1 
vespifonnis,  227 
vespoides,  5 
vestitus,  223 
Victoria,  334 
Vic'toriffl,  334 
villosus,  225 

Walshianus,  ]r)2  »/* 
Wagnerian  us.  r>4 
Wt'Stwoocli,  21 

Xantianus,  324 
Xantianus,  324 

Zendalus,  .53,  354 
Zethites,  13 
Zethus,  13 
Zethds,  16 

ZKTFICsrCLPP,  18 

zonal  ift,  8 

zonatns,  :^39  •• 


25 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  L 


* 


Fig.  1.  Zethus  (Zethusculus)  Aztecus  Sauss.,  % . 

la.  Its  head  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  2.  Zethus  (Zethusculus)  spinosus  Sauss.,  9. 
2a.  Its  abdomen  enlarged. 

Fig.  3.  Zethus  (Zethusculus)  Montezuma  Sauss.,  9 . 
3a.  7t8  head  J  enlarged. 

Fig.  4.  Zethus  (Didymogastra)  rj>eyi  Sauss.,  %. 
4a.  Ji9  head  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  5.  Zethus  (Didymogastra)  Chicotencatl  Sauss.,  9. 
5a.  Its  abdomen  enlarged,  profile. 

Fig.  6.  Eumenes  (Pachymenes)  Santa-Anna  Sauss.,  9. 
6a.  its  head  9  enlarged. 
Obs.  By  error  this  figure  is  marked  %  on  the  plate. 

Fig.  7.  Eumenes  regulus  5aHs».,  9.    (Di^.  0.) 
7a.  Its  head  %  enlarged. 
76.  The  profile  enlarged. 

Fig.  8.  Eumenes  Itlexicanus  Sauss.,  9  .    (Div.  0.) 
8a.  Its  head  9  enlarged. 


(386) 


vl  111   v."  1.  I  O  v\  11        Oo.i  1'  I  i^  A  C 


/  ,r 


-f-'i 


u^^^^^   i, 


/.r.rins       i:i  misi.s. 


/nifi  i'i'mil'>n*,r,  /'lift. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  IL 


Fig.!).  IVIoiiteziiniia  Iliiasteca  •Sams.,  ^. 
Ua.  Its  head  9  euUrgud. 

Fig.  10.  montezuniia  Azteca  <S'cros.<j.,  ^. 

lOa.  Its  Le&d  %  eularged. 

Fig.  11.  Monteziimia  iTfexlcana  Sm^s.,  9. 

Fig.  12.  Monobia  h  \l..ta  Sduss.,  9. 

12rt.  Its  head  9  enlarged. 

Fig.  13.  ]Vortonia  Toltcca  Sauf-s.,  9. 
13u.  Ita  head  9  eularged. 


(  388) 


v\  111  k- \  1  k  iX  II    Ok'.i  p  I  i*iVi: 


IM. 


.V(}.yrf:^r.v/.t     .vn.\o/ii.i     \oinoM.t 

fmp  (Ifntf  (•ri\e .  /'iiri.r 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  IIL 


Fig.  14.  Odynerus  bidens  Sauss.,  % ,  var. 
14a.  Its  bead  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  15.  Odynerus  IturMdi  Sauss.,  % . 
15a,  Its  head  ^  enlarged. 

Fig.  16.  Odynerus  arvensis  Sauss.,  9 . 
16a.  Its  clypeus  9  enlarged. 

Fig.  17.  Odynerus  Californicus  Sauss,,  9 . 
17a.  Its  clypeus  9  enlarged. 

Fig.  18.  Odynerus  sulfnreus  Sauss,,  9. 
18a.  Its  head  9  enlarged. 

Fig.  19.  Odynerus  leucomelas  Sauss.,  9. 
19a.  Its  head  9  enlarged. 


(  390) 


1-V   III   0    c    I    C  i\   U       0  0  >*   p   I  i'^   A  v.- 


Ill 


't 
1 
I 

I 


•*> 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  IV. 

Fig.  20.  £.abus  Sicbelianus  Sauss.,  9. 
20a.  Its  head  enlarged. 

Fig.  21.  Odynci  'is  Otomitus  Suuss.,  9 . 

Fig.  22.  Odyneriis  (§tenodyuerus)  pedestris  Sauss.,  9 . 
22«.  Its  clypeus  enlarged. 

Fig.  23.  Odyuerus  Totonacus  Sauss.,  9 . 

Fig.  24.  Odyiierus  Zendalus  Sauss.,  9. 
24a.  Its  clypeus  enlarged. 

Fig.  25.  Odynerus  (Stenodynerus)  perenuis  Sauss.,  9 . 

Fig.  26.  Odynenis  coyotiis  Saus-s.,  %. 
Fig.  27.  Odynenis  Taciibayae  Sauss.,  % . 

Fig.  28.  Odynenis  bacuensis  Sauss.,  % . 
28«.  Its>  head  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  20.  Odynerus  (Epiponiis)  dilectus 'S'au.95.,  %. 

29a.  Its  clypeus  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  30.  Odynenis  (Epiponiis)  denticiilatus  Sauss.,  % , 
30a.  Its  clypeus  %  enlarged. 

Fig.  31.  Pterochiliis  mexicanus  Sauss.,  9. 
31a.  Its  clypeus  9  enlarged. 


(.392)     )  j3r>i\P.Y 

^,^^  ./  LOGICAL  3♦^w^c*€ 

^         prr^>RTMCNT  OF 
^f-M   ULTURE 


V.I  III  l'  -.  I  c  A  II    0  0  .>  p  I  J^  a  »: 


I'l.,  I\- 


I.MII  S       i)l))'.\t:iils       ITfJUiKlf/LlS 
lmf>  tD-nui'.ni.f  I'dn.f 


•><» 


